case study questions on light reflection and refraction class 10

• Light – Reflection and Refraction Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 10

Last Updated on July 21, 2024 by XAM CONTENT

Hello students, we are providing case study questions for class 10 science. Case study questions are the new question format that is introduced in CBSE board. The resources for case study questions are very less. So, to help students we have created chapterwise case study questions for class 10 science. In this article, you will find case study questions for cbse class 10 science chapter 10 Light – Reflection and Refraction.

	Light – Reflection and Refraction
	Case Study Questions
	Competency Based Questions
	CBSE
	10
	Science
	Class 10 Studying Students
	Yes
	Mentioned

Table of Contents

Case Study Questions on Light – Reflection and Refraction

Question 1:

Read the following and answer the questions given below:

The curved surface of a spoon can be considered as a spherical mirror. A highly smooth polished surface is called mirror. The mirror whose reflecting surface is curved inwards or outwards is called a spherical mirror. Inner part works as a concave mirror and the outer bulging part acts as a convex mirror. The center of the reflecting surface of a spherical mirror is called pole and the radius of the sphere of which the mirror is formed is called radius of curvature.

(i) When a concave mirror is held towards the sun and its sharp image is formed on a piece of carbon paper for some time, a hole is burnt in the carbon paper. What is the name given to the distance between the mirror and carbon paper? (a) Radius of curvature (b) Focal length (c) Principal focus (d) Principal axis

Difficulty Level: Medium

Ans. Option (b) is correct. Explanation: The focal length of a concave mirror is the distance between its pole and principal focus.

(ii) The distance between pole and focal point of a spherical mirror is equal to the distance between (a) pole and center of curvature (b) focus point and center of curvature (c) pole and object (d) object and image.

Ans. Option (b) is correct. Explanation: As f=R/2, the distance between pole and focal point of a spherical mirror is equal to the distance between focus point and center of curvature.

(iii) The focal length of a mirror is 15 cm. The radius of curvature is (a) 15 cm (b) 30 cm (c) 45 cm (d) 60 cm

Difficulty Level: Easy

Ans. Option (b) is correct. Explanation: As f=R/2, R=2f = 30 cm

(iv) The normal at any point on the mirror passes through (a) focus (b) pole (c) center of curvature (d) any point

Ans. Option (c) is correct. Explanation: In a spherical mirror, normal drawn at any point passes through the centre of curvature.

(v) In a convex spherical mirror, reflection of light takes place at (a) a flat surface (b) a bent-in surface (c) a bulging-out surface (d) an uneven surface

Ans. Option (c) is correct. Explanation: In a convex spherical mirror, reflection of light takes place at a bulging-out surface.

Question 2:

A lens is a piece of any transparent material bounded by two curved surfaces. There are two types of lenses convex lens and concave lens.

Convex lens is made up of a transparent medium bounded by two spherical surfaces such that thicker at the middle and thinner at the edges. Concave lens is also made up of a transparent medium such that thicker at the edge and thinner at the middle. The mid-point of the lens is called optical centre.

A point on the principal axis, where the incident parallel rays meet or appears to come out after refraction is called focus.

A convex lens converges a parallel beam of light to other side whereas concave lens spreads out.

(i) Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in dictionary? (a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm (b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm (d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm

Ans. Option (c) is correct. Explanation: Convex lens is used as magnifying glass. For better performance its focal length should be small.

(ii) Which type of lenes are shown in given figure (a) and (b).

(a) Plano concave, concavo convex (b) Plano convex, convexo concave (c) Double concave, concave convex (d) Convexo concave, double convex

Ans. Option (a) is correct. Explanation: Plano convex, convexo concave

(iii) A small bulb is placed at the focal point of a converging lens. When the bulb is switched on, the lens produces (a) a convergent beam of light (b) a divergent beam of light (c) a parallel beam of light (d) a patch of coloured light.

Ans. Option (c) is correct.

(iv) The part of lens through which the refraction takes place is called (a) aperture (b) centre of curvature (c) principal axis (d) focus

Ans. Option (a) is correct. Explanation: Aperture is the area of the lens available for refraction.

(v) A water drop acts as a (a) convex lens (b) concave lens (c) double concave lens (d) none of these

Ans. Option (a) is correct. Explanation: Water droplets behave like a convex lens only as refraction takes place on outer surface.

• Life Processes Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 6

Acids Bases and Salts Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 2

Chemical reactions and equations class 10 case study questions science chapter 1, topics from which case study questions may be asked.

• Reflection of Light
• Laws of Reflection
• Real and Virtual Image
• Mirror Formula
• Lens Formula
• Convex and Concave Lens
• Magnification
• Refraction of Light
• Laws of Refraction
• Refractive Index
• Power of lens

This chapter deals with the basic understanding of light. In this chapter we study about reflection and refraction of light phenomenon.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on Light – Reflection and Refraction Case Study Questions

Q1: what are case study questions for cbse examinations.

A1: Case study questions in CBSE examinations typically involve scenarios or real-life examples, requiring students to apply their understanding of concepts to solve problems or analyze situations.

Q2: Why are case study questions important for understanding class 10 science chapters?

A2: Case study questions provide a practical context for students to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world situations, fostering deeper understanding and critical thinking skills.

Q3: How should students approach answering case study questions for CBSE?

A3: Students should carefully read the case study, identify the key issues or problems presented, analyze the information provided, apply relevant concepts and principles of chemical reactions and equations, and formulate well-supported solutions or responses.

Q4: Are there any resources available online for students to practice case study questions on class 10 science chapters for CBSE exams?

A4: Yes, several educational websites offer case study questions for CBSE students preparing for science examinations. We also offer a collection of case study questions for all classes and subject on our website. Visit our  website  to access these questions and enhance your learning experience. If you need more case study questions for your preparation, then you visit Physics Gurukul website.

Q5: How can students effectively prepare for case study questions on Light – Reflection and Refraction for CBSE exams?

A5: Effective preparation strategies include regular revision of concepts, solving practice questions, analyzing case studies from previous exams, seeking clarification on doubts, and consulting with teachers or peers for guidance and support.

Q6: How can teachers incorporate case study questions on Light – Reflection and Refraction class 10 science into classroom teaching?

A6: Teachers can integrate case studies into lesson plans, group discussions, or interactive activities to engage students in active learning, promote problem-solving skills, and facilitate a deeper understanding of Light – Reflection and Refraction.

Q7: Is light a form of energy?

Ans. Yes, light is a form of energy.

Q8: Do the laws of reflection hold good for spherical mirrors?

A8: Yes, laws of reflection hold good for spherical mirrors.

Q9: What do you understand by reflection of light?

A9: The phenomenon of bouncing back of light to the first medium from the surface of separation of two media is called reflection of light.

Q10: Is linear magnification always positive?

A10: No, it can be negative also. If the magnification has a plus sign, then the image is virtual and erect.

Q11: For driving a car, what type of mirror would you prefer to see the traffic at your back?

A11: We prefer convex mirror for observing the traffic behind us because its field of view is much larger than the plane mirror. However, it gives erroneous idea about the speed of the vehicles behind us.

Q12: One reads a newspaper due to the light reflected from it. Why then we do not see even faint image of ourselves in the newspaper?

A12: The newspaper causes scattering of light, which is an irregular and diffused sort of reflection. From each point, light goes in all directions. The image is seen only when there is regular refection of light. It is the homogeneous nature of the surface which causes irregular reflection or scattering of light.

Q13: Which part of the eye is reused when one donates the eye?

A13: The cornea of the donor is removed after the death of the person and transplanted in a blind person whose original cornea is opaque. Thus, the blind person gets sight.

Q14: What is meant by refraction of light?

A14: The bending of a ray of light as it passes from one medium to another is called refraction.

Related Posts

Case Study Questions Class 10 Science Light Reflection and Refraction

Case study questions class 10 science chapter 10 light reflection and refraction, case study:1.

If less is the refractive index then less will be the bending or medium is rarer and velocity of light will be more in that medium. Like the refractive index of air is found to be 1.0003 and that of water is found to be 1.33. And hence water is more denser than air, air is rarer medium as compared to water. Thus, velocity of light in air medium is greater than velocity of light in water medium.

Absolute Refractive index= (speed of light in air)/(speed of light in medium) = c/v

2) How you can define rarer and denser medium on the basis of optical density?

Case study: 2

1/v + 1/u = 1/f

Similarly in case of lenses, lens formula is given by

1/v – 1/u = 1/f

Thus, P = 1/f

2) What is the sign of power of convex and concave lens?

P= P1 + P2 + P3 + P4

4) If the magnification produced is negative then the image formed is real. And if the magnification produced is positive then the image formed is virtual.

Case study:3

3) Concave mirror is called as converging mirror while convex mirror is called as diverging mirror.

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CBSE 10th Standard Science Subject Light Reflection and Refraction Chapter Case Study Questions With Solution 2021

By QB365 on 21 May, 2021

QB365 Provides the updated CASE Study Questions for Class 10 , and also provide the detail solution for each and every case study questions . Case study questions are latest updated question pattern from NCERT, QB365 will helps to get  more marks in Exams 

QB365 - Question Bank Software

Cbse 10th standard science subject light reflection and refraction case study questions with solution 2021.

10th Standard CBSE

Final Semester - June 2015

The curved surface of a spoon can be considered as a spherical mirror. A highly smooth polished surface is called mirror. The mirror whose reflecting surface is curved inwards or outwards is called a spherical mirror. Inner part works as a concave mirror and the outer bulging part acts as a convex mirror. The center of the reflecting surface of a mirror is called pole and the radius of the sphere of which the mirror is formed is called radius of curvature. (i) When a concave mirror is held towards the sun and its sharp image is formed on a piece of carbon paper for some time, a hole is burnt in the carbon paper. What is the name given to the distance between the mirror and carbon paper?

(ii) The distance between pole and focal point of a spherical mirror is equal to the distance between

(iii) The focal length of a mirror is 15 cm. The radius of curvature is

(iv) The normal at any point on the mirror passes through

(v) In a convex spherical mirror, reflection of light takes place at

The spherical mirror forms different types of images when the object is placed at different locations. When the image is formed on screen, the image is real and when the image does not form on screen, the image is virtual. When the two reflected rays meet actually, the image is real and when they appear to meet, the image is virtual. A concave mirror always forms a real and inverted image for different positions of the object. But if the object is placed between the focus and pole, the image formed is virtual and erect. A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect and diminished image. A concave mirror is used as doctor's head mirror to focus light on body parts like eyes, ears, nose etc., to be examined because it can form erect and magnified image of the object. The convex mirror is used as a rear view mirrors in automobiles because it can form an small and erect image of an object. (i) When an object is placed at the centre of curvature of a concave mirror, the image formed is

(ii) No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be

(iii) A child is standing in front of a magic mirror. She finds the image of her head bigger, the middle portion of her body of the same size and that of the legs smaller. The following is the order of combinations for the magic mirror from the top.

(iv) To get an image larger than the object, one can use (a) convex mirror but not a concave mirror (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror (c) either a convex mirror or a concave mirror (d) a plane mirror. (v) A convex mirror has wider field of view because (a) the image formed is much smaller than the object and large number of images can be seen (b) the image formed is much closer to the mirror (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these.

The relation between distance of an object from the mirror (u), distance of image from the mirror (v) and the focal length (F) is called mirror formula. This formula is valid in all situations for all spherical mirrors for all positions of the object. The size of image formed by a spherical mirror depends on the position of the object from the mirror. The image formed by a spherical mirror can be bigger than the object, equal to the object or smaller than the object. The size of the image relative to the object is given by the linear magnification (m). Thus, the magnification is given by the ratio of height of image to the height of object. If magnification is negative, image is real and if it is positive, image is virtual. (i) What is the position of an image when an object is placed at a distance of 20 em from a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm?

(iii) If the magnification of an image is -2, the characteristic of image will be

(iv) The mirror formula holds for

(v) A parallel beam of light is made to fall on a concave mirror. An image is formed at a distance of7.5 from the mirror. The focal length of the mirror is

(ii) A ray of light passes from a medium A to another medium B. No bending of light occurs if the ray of light hits the boundary of medium B at an angle of

(iii) When light passes from one medium to another, the frequency of light

(iv) When light passes from glass to water, the speed of light

(v) The bottom of pool filled with water appears to be ______ due to refraction of light

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Cbse 10th standard science subject light reflection and refraction case study questions with solution 2021 answer keys.

(i) (d) : When an object is placed at the focus of a concave mirror, the..image is formed at infinity. (ii) (d) : When a light ray parallel to the principal axis is incident on a concave mirror, it passes through the principal focus after reflection. Therefore, figure D is correct. (iii) (a) : If m is negative, the image will be real and inverted. (iv) (d) (v) (b): The distance of object from mirror =  \(\infty\) Using,  \(\frac{1}{v}+\frac{1}{u}=\frac{1}{f}\) \(\frac{1}{\infty}-\left(-\frac{1}{7.5}\right)=\frac{1}{f}\) f = 7.5 cm

(i) (a): When, a ray of light travels from air to glass, it bends towards the normal. (ii) (c): No bending of light occurs when light is incident normally or perpendicularly on a boundary of two media since angle of incidence and angle of refraction both are zero. (iii) (c): When light goes from one medium to other medium, its frequency does not change (iv) (a): The speed to light increases when light passes from glass to water as water is optically rarer medium. (v) (a): The bottom of a pool of water appears to be less deep than it actually is due to refraction.

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Class 10 Science: Case Study Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction PDF Download

In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on  Assertion and Reason . There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given.

Here we are providing you with Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Questions, by practicing these Case Study and Passage Based Questions will help you in your Class 10th Board Exam.

Case Study Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 10 Science  Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Case Study/Passage-Based Questions

Question 1:

The spherical mirror forms different types of images when the object is placed at different locations. When the image is formed on the screen, the image is real and when the image does not form on-screen, the image is virtual. When the two reflected rays meet actually, the image is real and when they appear to meet, the image is virtual. A concave mirror always forms a real and inverted image for different positions of the object. But if the object is placed between the focus and pole, the image formed is virtual and erect. A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect, and diminished image. A concave mirror is used as a doctor’s head mirror to focus light on body parts like eyes, ears, nose, etc., to be examined because it can form erect and magnified images of the object. The convex mirror is used as a rear view mirror in automobiles because it can form a small and erect image of an object.

(i) When an object is placed at the center of curvature of a concave mirror, the image formed is

(a) larger than the object	(b) smaller than the object
(c) same size as that of the object	(d) highly enlarged.

Answer: (c) same size as that of the object

(ii) No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be

(a) plane	(b) concave
(c) convex	(d) either plane or convex.

Answer: (d): The image is erect in a plane mirror and also in a convex mirror, for all positions of the object.

(iii) A child is standing in front of a magic mirror. She finds the image of her head bigger, the middle portion of her body of the same size and that of the legs smaller. The following is the order of combinations for the magic mirror from the top.

(a) Plane, convex and concave	(b) Convex, concave and plane
(c) Concave, plane and convex	(d) Convex, plane and concave

Answer: (c) : As the image of head is bigger, the upper portion of magic mirror is concave. The middle portion of the image is of same size, so, middle portion of magic mirror is plane. Now, the image of legs looks smaller, therefore, the lower portion of magic mirror is convex.

(iv) To get an image larger than the object, one can use (a) convex mirror but not a concave mirror (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror (c) either a convex mirror or a concave mirror (d) a plane mirror.

Answer: (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror

(v) A convex mirror has wider field of view because (a) the image formed is much smaller than the object and large number of images can be seen (b) the image formed is much closer to the mirror (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these.

Answer: (c) both (a) and (b)

Question 2:

The lenses form different types of images when objects are placed at different locations. When a ray is incident parallel to the principal axis, then after refraction, it passes through the focus or appears to come from the focus.

When a ray goes through the optical center of the lens, it passes without any deviation. If the object is placed between the focus and the optical center of the convex lens, an erect and magnified image is formed.

As the object is brought closer to the convex lens from infinity to focus, the image moves away from the convex lens from focus to infinity. Also, the size of the image goes on increasing and the image is always real and inverted.

A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect, and diminished image irrespective of the position of the object.

(i) The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is (a) at focus (b) at 2F (c) at optical center (d) between Fand 2F

Answer: (a) at focus

(ii) When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is (a) real and smaller (b) virtual and inverted (c) virtual and smaller (d) real and erect

Answer: (b) virtual and inverted

(iii) The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of convex lens is (a) small (b) point in size (c) highly magnified (d) same as that of object

Answer: (c) highly magnified

(iv) When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is (a) at F (b) at 2 F on the other side (c) at infinity (d) between F and optical center

Answer: (b) at 2 F on the other side

(v) At which location of object in front of concave lens, the image between focus and optical centre is formed (a) anywhere between centre and infinity (b) at F (c) at 2F (d) infinity

Answer: (a) anywhere between centre and infinity

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Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions Class 10

Students who are studying in CBSE class 10 board, need to get the knowledge about the Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions. Case based questions are generally based on the seen passages from the chapter Light Reflection and Refraction. Through solving the case based questions, students can understand each and every concept. 

 With the help of Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions, students don’t need to memorise each answer. As answers for these case studies are already available in the given passage. Questions are asked through MCQs so student’s won’t take time to mark the answers. These multiple choice questions can help students to score the weightage of Light Reflection and Refraction. 

Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions with Solutions 

Selfstudys provides case studies for the Class 10 Science chapter Light Reflection and Refraction with solutions. The Solutions can be helpful for students to refer to if there is a doubt in any of the case studies problems. The solutions from the Selfstudys website are easily accessible and free of cost to download. This accessibility can help students to download case studies from anywhere with the help of the Internet. 

Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions with solutions are in the form of PDF. Portable Document Format (PDF) can be downloaded through any of the devices: smart phone, laptop. Through this accessibility, students don't need to carry those case based questions everywhere. 

Features of Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions

Before solving questions, students should understand the basic details of Light Reflection and Refraction. Here are the features of case based questions on Light Reflection and Refraction are:

• These case based questions start with short or long passages. In these passages some concepts included in the chapter can be explained.
• After reading the passage, students need to answer the given questions. These questions are asked in the Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ). 
• These case based questions are a type of open book test. These case based questions can help students to score well in the particular subject. 
•  These Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions can also be asked in the form of CBSE Assertion and Reason .

Benefits of Solving Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions

According to the CBSE board, some part of the questions are asked in the board exam question papers according to the case studies. As some benefits of solving Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions can be obtained by the students. Those benefits are: 

• Through solving case studies students will be able to understand every concept included in the chapter Light Reflection and Refraction
• Passages included in the case study are seen passages, so students don’t need to struggle for getting answers. As these questions and answers can be discussed by their concerned teacher. 
• Through these students can develop their observation skills. This skill can help students to study further concepts clearly. 
• Case studies covers all the concepts which are included in the Light Reflection and Refraction

How to Download Light Reflection and Refraction Case Based Questions? 

Students studying in CBSE class 10 board, need to solve questions based on case study. It is necessary for students to know the basic idea of Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions. Students can obtain the basic idea of case based questions through Selfstudys website. Easy steps to download it are:

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Case Study Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Please refer to Chapter 1 Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Questions with answers provided below. We have provided Case Study Questions for Class 10 Science for all chapters as per CBSE, NCERT and KVS examination guidelines. These case based questions are expected to come in your exams this year. Please practise these case study based Class 10 Science Questions and answers to get more marks in examinations.

Case Study Questions Chapter 1 Light Reflection and Refraction

Case/Passage – 1 A 5.0 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 20 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 30 cm.

Question: What is the power of the used lens? (a) + 5 D (b) – 5 D (c) + 0.5 D (d) – 0.5 D   

Question: What is the distance of image from the pole of lens? (a) v = 60 cm (b) v = – 60 cm (c) v = 30 cm (d) v = –30 cm 

Case/Passage – 2

Light travels through a vacuum at a speed c = 3 × 108 m/s. It can also travel through many materials, such as air, water and glass. Atoms in the material absorb, reemit and scatter the  light, however. Therefore, light travels through the material at a speed that is less than c, the actual speed depending on the nature of the material. To describe the extent to which  the speed of light in a material medium differs from that in a vacuum, we use a parameter called the index of refraction (or refractive index).

Question: Figure shows a ray of light as it travels from medium A to 

medium B. Retractive index of the medium B relative to medium A is (a) √3/2 (b)√2/3 (c)√1/2 (d) √2

Question:The path of a ray of light coming from air passing through a rectangular glass slab traced by four students shown as A, B, C and D in the figure. Which one of them is correct?

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D   

Question: A light ray enters from medium A to medium B as shown  

in the figure. The refractive index of medium B relative to A will be  (a) greater than unity (b) less than unity (c) equal to unity (d) zero

Question: You are given water, mustard oil, glycerine and kerosene.  In which of these media, a ray of light incident obliquely at same angle would bend the most? (a) Kerosene (b) Water (c) Mustard oil (d) Glycerine   

Question: A ray of light is incident in medium 1 on a surface that separates medium 1 from medium 2. Let v1 and v2 represent the velocity of light in medium 1 and medium 2 respectively. Also let n12 and n21 represent the refractive index of medium 1 with respect to medium 2 and refractive index of medium 2 with respect to medium 1, respectively. If i and r denote the angle of incidence and angle of refraction, then- (a) sin i/sin r = n 21 V 1 /V 2 (b) sin i/sin r = n 21 V 2 /V 1 (c) sin i/sin r = n 12 V 1 /V 2 (d) sin i/sin r = n 12  V 2 /V 1   

Case/Passage – 3 Inside a substance such as glass or water, light travels more slowly than it does in a vacuum. If c denotes the speed of light in a vacuum and v denotes its speed through some other substance, then v = c/n where n is a constant called the index of refraction. To good approximation, a substance’s index of refraction does not depend on the wavelength of light. For instance, when red and blue light waves enter water, they both slow down by about the same amount. More precise measurements, however, reveal that n varies with wavelength. Table presents some indices of refraction of Custon glass, for different wavelengths of visible light. A nanometer (nm) is 10– 9  meters. In a vacuum, light travels as c = 3.0 × 10 8  m/s 

Question: Inside Custon glass (a) Orange light travels faster than yellow light (b) Yellow light travels faster than orange light (c) Orange and Yellow light travels equally fast (d) We cannot determine which color of light travels faster 

Question: Which of the following phenomena happens because n varies with wavelength (a) A lens focuses light (b) A prism breaks sunlight into different colors (c) Total internal reflections ensures that light travels down a fiber optic cable (d) Light rays entering a pond change direction at the pond’s surface 

Question: For blue-green of wavelength 520 nm, the index of refraction of Custon glass is probably closest to (a) 1.49 (b) 1.50 (c) 1.51 (d) 1.52 

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Case Study Questions Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

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CBSE Board Exam is on the way, so you must practice some good Case Study Questions Class 10 Science to boost your preparation to score 95+% on Boards. In this post, you will get Case Study and Passage Based Questions that will come in CBSE Class 10 Science Board Exams .

Join our Telegram Channel, there you will get various e-books for CBSE 2024 Boards exams for Class 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th.

In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on  Assertion and Re a son . There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Questions With Answers

Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 10 Science  Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Case Study/Passage-Based Questions

Question 1:

The spherical mirror forms different types of images when the object is placed at different locations. When the image is formed on the screen, the image is real and when the image does not form on-screen, the image is virtual. When the two reflected rays meet actually, the image is real and when they appear to meet, the image is virtual. A concave mirror always forms a real and inverted image for different positions of the object. But if the object is placed between the focus and pole, the image formed is virtual and erect. A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect, and diminished image. A concave mirror is used as a doctor’s head mirror to focus light on body parts like eyes, ears, nose, etc., to be examined because it can form erect and magnified images of the object. The convex mirror is used as a rear view mirror in automobiles because it can form a small and erect image of an object.

(i) When an object is placed at the center of curvature of a concave mirror, the image formed is

(a) larger than the object	(b) smaller than the object
(c) same size as that of the object	(d) highly enlarged.

Answer: (c) same size as that of the object

(ii) No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be

(a) plane	(b) concave
(c) convex	(d) either plane or convex.

Answer: (d): The image is erect in a plane mirror and also in a convex mirror, for all positions of the object.

(iii) A child is standing in front of a magic mirror. She finds the image of her head bigger, the middle portion of her body of the same size and that of the legs smaller. The following is the order of combinations for the magic mirror from the top.

(a) Plane, convex and concave	(b) Convex, concave and plane
(c) Concave, plane and convex	(d) Convex, plane and concave

Answer: (c) : As the image of head is bigger, the upper portion of magic mirror is concave. The middle portion of the image is of same size, so, middle portion of magic mirror is plane. Now, the image of legs looks smaller, therefore, the lower portion of magic mirror is convex.

(iv) To get an image larger than the object, one can use (a) convex mirror but not a concave mirror (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror (c) either a convex mirror or a concave mirror (d) a plane mirror.

Answer: (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror

(v) A convex mirror has wider field of view because (a) the image formed is much smaller than the object and large number of images can be seen (b) the image formed is much closer to the mirror (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these.

Answer: (c) both (a) and (b)

Question 2:

The lenses form different types of images when objects are placed at different locations. When a ray is incident parallel to the principal axis, then after refraction, it passes through the focus or appears to come from the focus.

When a ray goes through the optical center of the lens, it passes without any deviation. If the object is placed between the focus and the optical center of the convex lens, an erect and magnified image is formed.

As the object is brought closer to the convex lens from infinity to focus, the image moves away from the convex lens from focus to infinity. Also, the size of the image goes on increasing and the image is always real and inverted.

A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect, and diminished image irrespective of the position of the object.

(i) The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is (a) at focus (b) at 2F (c) at optical center (d) between Fand 2F

Answer: (a) at focus

(ii) When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is (a) real and smaller (b) virtual and inverted (c) virtual and smaller (d) real and erect

Answer: (b) virtual and inverted

(iii) The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of convex lens is (a) small (b) point in size (c) highly magnified (d) same as that of object

Answer: (c) highly magnified

(iv) When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is (a) at F (b) at 2 F on the other side (c) at infinity (d) between F and optical center

Answer: (b) at 2 F on the other side

(v) At which location of object in front of concave lens, the image between focus and optical centre is formed (a) anywhere between centre and infinity (b) at F (c) at 2F (d) infinity

Answer: (a) anywhere between centre and infinity

Case Study 3: Light reflection and refraction are fundamental phenomena that occur when light interacts with surfaces and passes through different mediums. Reflection is the bouncing back of light when it strikes a surface. The laws of reflection state that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and the incident ray, reflected ray, and normal at the point of incidence lie in the same plane. Refraction, on the other hand, is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another with a different optical density. The bending of light is governed by Snell’s law, which states that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is constant for a given pair of media. The concepts of reflection and refraction help us understand various optical phenomena, such as the formation of images by mirrors and lenses, the dispersion of light, and the phenomenon of total internal reflection.

What is reflection? a) The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another b) The bouncing back of light when it strikes a surface c) The formation of images by mirrors and lenses d) The dispersion of light Answer: b) The bouncing back of light when it strikes a surface

What do the laws of reflection state? a) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection b) The incident ray, reflected ray, and normal lie in the same plane c) The angle of incidence, angle of reflection, and normal form a right triangle d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above

What is refraction? a) The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another b) The bouncing back of light when it strikes a surface c) The formation of images by mirrors and lenses d) The dispersion of light Answer: a) The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another

What law governs the bending of light during refraction? a) Law of reflection b) Snell’s law c) Newton’s law d) Coulomb’s law Answer: b) Snell’s law

What optical phenomena can be explained using the concepts of reflection and refraction? a) Formation of images by mirrors and lenses b) Dispersion of light c) Total internal reflection d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above

Hope the information shed above regarding Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction with Answers Pdf free download has been useful to an extent. If you have any other queries about CBSE Class 10 Science Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study and Passage Based Questions with Answers, feel free to comment below so that we can revert back to us at the earliest possible. By Team Study Rate

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• CBSE Class 10

CBSE Class 10 Physics Chapter 10 Important Questions and Answers for 2023

Cbse class 10 physics chapter 10 important questions and answers : get the important questions with answers for cbse class 10 science chapter 10 light reflection and refraction. use these along with other cbse resources to score good marks..

CBSE Class 10 Physics Chapter 10 Important Questions and Answers: In this article we are going to cover the Multiple Choice Questions, Very Short Answer Questions, Short Answer Questions, Case Study Questions, Long Answer Questions and even Assertion Reason questions that are important for CBSE Class 10 Science Board Examination 2023. These questions are from the tenth chapter of the third unit of the syllabus - Natural Phenomena. 

The answers to the questions are also available. Scroll down to the end of the questions to check your answers.

Important Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Multiple choice questions.

Q.1. Rays from the sun converge at a point 15 cm in front of a concave mirror. Where should an object be placed so that the size of its image is equal to the size of the object?

(a) 15 cm in front of the mirror

(b) 30 cm in front of the mirror

(c) between 15 cm and 30 cm in front of the mirror

(d) more than 30 cm in front of the mirror

Q.2. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror islikely to be

(a) Plane 

(b) Concave 

(c) Convex 

(d) Either plane or convex

Q.3. You are given water, mustard oil, glycerine and kerosene. In which of these media, a ray of light incident obliquely at same angle would bend the most?

(a) Kerosene 

(b) Water 

(c) Mustard oil 

(d) Glycerine

Q.4. As light travels from a rarer to a denser medium it will have

(a) Increased velocity 

(b) Decreased velocity

(c) Decreased wavelength 

(d) both (b) and (c)

Q.5. How will the image formed by a convex lens be affected if the upper half of the lens is wrapped with a black paper?

(a) The size of the image is reduced to one-half.

(b) The upper half of the image will be absent.

(c) The brightness of the image is reduced.

(d) There will be no effect

Q.6. The velocity of light is maximum in a medium of

(a) glass 

(b) water 

(c) vacuum 

(d) diamond

Q.7. A full length image of a distant tall building can definitely be seen by using:

(a) a concave mirror 

(b) a convex mirror

(c) a plane mirror 

(d) both concave as well as plane mirror

8. A student conducts an activity using a flask of height 15 cm and a concave mirror. He finds that the image formed is 45 cm in height. What is the magnification of the image?

(a) 45 times 

(b) 1/ 45 times 

(c) 1/ 3 times 

(d) 3 times

Q.9. A student determines the focal length of a device 'X' by focusing the image of a distant object on a screen placed 20 cm from the device on the same side as the object. The device 'X' is

(a) Concave lens of focal length 10 cm 

(b) Convex lens of focal length 20 cm

(c) Concave mirror of focal length 10 cm 

(d) Concave mirror of focal length 20 cm

Q.10.. A student conducts an experiment using a convex lens of focal length 20 cm and an object of height 15 cm. He placed the object at 25 cm from the lens. Can the image be formed on a screen?

(a) yes, because a real image will be formed

(b) no, because a virtual image will be formed

(c) yes, because an erect image will be formed

ASSERTION AND REASON

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a

statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion

(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion

(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.

(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

Q.1. Assertion: A ray incident along normal to the mirror retraces its path.

Reason: In reflection, angle of incidence is always equal to angle of reflection.

2. Assertion: A convex lens is made of two different materials. A point object is placed on the principal axis. The number of images formed by the lens will be two.

Reason :The image formed by convex lens is always virtual.

Q.3. Assertion: When a concave mirror is held in water, its focal length will decrease.

Reason: The focal length of a concave mirror depends on the density the medium in Which it is placed.

Q.4. Assertion: Full length image of a distant object, such as a tall building, can be seen in a convex mirror.

Reason: A convex mirror has a greater focal length than a concave mirror of the same aperture.

Q.5. Assertion: Higher is the refractive index of the medium, lesser is the velocity of light in that medium.

Case Study Based Questions

Q.1. Light is a form of energy which induces sensation of vision to our eyes. It becomes visible when it bounces off on surfaces and hits our eyes. The phenomenon of bouncing back of light rays in the same medium on striking a smooth surface is called reflection of light. If parallel beam of incident rays remains parallel even after reflection and goes only in one direction is known as regular reflection. It takes place mostly in plane mirrors or highly polished metal surfaces. The mirror outside the driver side of a vehicle is usually a spherical mirror and printed on such a mirror is usually the warning "vehicles in this mirror are closer than they appear."

a) Plane mirror 

(b) Concave mirror

(c) Convex mirror 

(d) Magic mirror

(ii) No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror can be

(b) Concave

(c) convex 

(iv) If an object is placed at 10 cm from a convex mirror of radius of curvature 60 cm, then find the position of image.

(a) 4 cm 

(c) 10 cm 

(d) 12.5 cm

(v) The focal length of mirror is 12 cm. The radius of curvature is

(a) 12 cm 

(c) 20 cm 

Q.2. We know that lenses form different types of images when objects are kept at varying positions. When a ray is incident parallel to the principal axis, then after refraction, it passes through the focus or appears to come from the focus.When a ray goes through the optical centre of the lens, it passes without any deviation. If the objectis placed between the focus and optical center of the convex lens, erect and magnified image is formed. As the object is brought closer to the convex lens from infinity to focus, the image moves away from the convex lens from focus to infinity. Also the sizeof the image goes on increasing and the image is always real and inverted. A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect and diminished image irrespective of the position of the object.

i. The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is

(a) at focus 

(b) at 2F 

(c) at optical center 

(d) betweenFand 2F

ii. When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is

(a)real and smaller 

(b) virtual and smaller

(c) virtual and inverted 

(d) real and erect

iii. The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of convex lens is

(a) highly magnified 

(b) point in size

(c) small 

(d) same as that of object

iv. When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is

(a) at F 

(b) between F and optical center

(c) at infinity 

(d) none of the above

Q.3. The refractive index of a medium with respect to vacuum is called the absolute refractive index of the medium. It is given by, μ = sin i/sinr

i) How is absolute refractive index related to speed of light?

(a)μ = C/vm 

(c)μ=Vm 

(ii) In which of the materials given in the above table, light travels fastest?

(a) A 

(c) C 

(iii) The speed of light in air is 3x108 ms-1 and that in medium A is 2.5 x 10 ms-1. The refractive index of A will be 

(a) 1.2 

(c)4.5 

(iv) When light travels from air to glass,

(a) angle of incidence > angle of refraction

(b) angle of incidence < angle of refraction

(c) angle of incidence = angle of refraction

(d) Can't say

(v) The refractive index of P with respect to Qis 2. Find the refractive index of Q with respect to P.

(a) 0.5 

(c) 2 

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 marks)

Q.1. If the image formed by a spherical mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always erect and diminished, what type of mirror is it?

 Draw a labelled ray diagram to support your answer.

Q.2. State the two laws of reflection of light.

Q.3. State the laws of refraction of light. Explain the term absolute refractive index of a medium’ and write an expression to relate it with the speed of light in vacuum.

Q.4. A fish under water is viewing obliquely a fisherman standing on the bank of lake.Does the man look taller or shorter?

Q.5. Which phenomenon occurs when light falls on

(a) highly polished surface

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (3 MARKS)

Q.1. A concave mirror has a focal length of 20 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a 4 cm tall object be placed so that it forms an image at a distance of 30 cm from the mirror? Also calculate the size of the image formed.

Q.2. (a) Water has refractive index 1.33 and alcohol has refractive index 1.36. Which of the two medium is optically denser? Give reason for your answer.

(b) Draw a ray diagram to show the path of a ray of light passing obliquely from water to alcohol.

(c) State the relationship between angle of incidence and angle of refraction in the above case. 

Q.3. Three mirrors, one plane, one concave and one convex are lying on the table. identify them without touching them or using any other apparatus or device? 

Q.4. A convex lens of focal length 25 cm and a concave lens of focal length 10 cm are placed in closed contact with each other. Calculate the lens power of the combination.

Q.5. An object is placed at a distance of 12 cm in front of a concave mirror of radius ofcurvature 30 cm. List four characteristics of the image formed by the mirror

Q.6. A convex lens of focal length 2.0 m can produce a magnified virtual as well as real image. Is this a correct statement? If yes, where shall the object be placed in each case for obtaining these images?

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS  (4 MARKS)

Q.1. (i) A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal length of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging?

(ii) A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram.

Q.2. (a) A 5 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 20 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 30 cm. Find the position, nature and size of the image formed.

Answers to Important Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Unit III: Natural Phenomena

Answer- (b) 30 cm in front of the mirror

Answer- (d) Either plane or convex

Answer- (d) Glycerine

Answer- (b) Decreased velocity

Answer- (c) The brightness of the image is reduced.

Answer- (c) vacuum 

Answer- (b) a convex mirror

Answer- (d) 3 times

Answer- (d) Concave mirror of focal length 20 cm

(d)No because the image is

Answer- (a)

Answer- (c) 

Answer- (d) 

Reason: Refractive index of a medium is inversely proportional to the velocity of light.

Case Study Based Questions:

(i) Which type of mirror is used outside the driver's side of a vehicle?

(iii) If an object is placed at 10 cm from a convex mirror of radius of curvature 60 cm, then find the position of image.

(iv) The focal length of the mirror is 12 cm. The radius of curvature is

Q.2. We know that lenses form different types of images when objects are kept at varying positions. When a ray is incident parallel to the principal axis, then after refraction, it passes through the focus or appears to come from the focus.When a ray goes through the optical centre of the lens, it passes without any deviation. If the object is placed between the focus and optical center of the convex lens, erect and magnified image is formed. As the object is brought closer to the convex lens from infinity to focus, the image moves away from the convex lens from focus to infinity. Also the sizeof the image goes on increasing and the image is always real and inverted. A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect and diminished image irrespective of the position of the object.

i The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is

(d) between Fand 2F

ii When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is

iii The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of convex lens is

iv When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is

(a)at F 

Answer- If the image formed by a spherical mirror is always erect and diminished then it is convex mirror.

Laws of reflection of light states that

(i) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

(ii) The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane.

Q.3. State the laws of refraction of light. Explain the term absolute refractive index of a

medium’ and write an expression to relate it with the speed of light in vacuum.

Answer- (a) Laws of refraction of light:

(i) The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal to the interface of two transparent media at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane.

(ii) The ratio of sine of angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is constant, for the light of a given colour and for the given pair of media.

This law is also known as Snell’s law of refraction.

sini/sinr = constant,

where i is the angle of incidence and r is the angle of refraction.

This constant value is called refractive index of the second medium with respect to the first when the light travels from first medium to second medium.

⇒ constant = n21 = v1/v2 ∴sini/sinr = v1/v2

If n is the absolute refractive index of the medium, c is the velocity of light in vacuum and v is the speed of light in a given medium, then n = c/v.

Ans. As light travels from rarer to denser medium, it bends towards normal and appears to come from greater height. Therefore, to fish under water, man looks taller.

(b) a transparent medium? 

Ans. (a) Reflection of light. 

Answer- Given f = -20 cm v = -30 cm, u = ?

Using 1/v + 1/u = 1/f

1/u = 1/f – 1/v = 1/(−20) – /(−30) = (−3+2)/60

⇒ u = -60 cm

∴ Object placed at 60 cm from the mirror.

Also magnification, m = h′/h = −v/u

⇒ h’ = −(−30)/−60 × 4 = -2 cm

∴ The size of the image is 2 cm.

Answer- (a) Here, alcohol is optically denser medium as its refractive index is higher than that of water. When we compare the two media, the one with larger refractive index is called the optically denser medium than the other as the speed of light is lower in this medium.

(b) Since light is travelling from water (rarer medium) to alcohol (denser medium), it slows down and bends towards the normal.

where i = angle of incidence and r = angle of refraction.

(c) According to Snell’s law,

sini/sinr=μalcohol /μwater =1.36/1.33 = 1.0225

∴ sin i = 1.0225 × sin r

Ans. Plane mirror produces the image of same size. Concave mirror produced the magnified image while the convex mirror will produce a diminished image

f1=25cm=0.25 m 

f2= -10cm= - 0.1m

Power of convex lens, P1 = 1/f1=1/0.25=+4D

Power of concave lens, P2 = 1/f2=1/ - 0.1m=-10D

power of combination, P = P1 +P2 = 4D – 10D = -6D

Ans: Radius of curvature (R) = 30 cm, object distance is 12 cm in front of the mirror.Thus we can say that object is placed between focus and pole. Four characteristics of the image formed by die given concave mirror when object is placed between pole and focus are:

(i) Virtual 

(iii) Enlarged 

(iv) Image is formed behind the mirror

Ans: Yes, it is correct. If the object is placed within 2.0 m from the lens in the it forms magnified virtuaL image Between 2 m and 4 m it will form a real inverted and magnified image.

Q.7. “The magnification produced by a spherical mirror is -3”. List all information youobtain from this statement about the mirror/ image.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

(b) Draw a labelled ray diagram showing object distance, image distance and focal length in the above case.

Answer- (a) Given, h = 5 cm, f = 20 cm, u = -30 cm

Using lens formula, 1/v – 1/u = 1/f

1/v=1/u+1/f=1/(−30)+1/20=(−2+3)/60=1/60

⇒ v = 60 cm

Now, magnification, m = h′/h = v/u

⇒ h’ = v/u × h = 60/(−30) × 5 = -10 cm

Hence, the image formed at 60 cm, which is real and magnified.

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Air		Canada Balsam
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Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Class 10 NCERT Solutions

Ncert solutions for class 10 science chapters:.

Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles?

What is meant by power of a lens, what is absolute refractive index, when a convex lens will act as magnifying glass, which mirror give an erect and enlarged image of an object, contact form.

Light Reflection and Refraction Class 10 Important Questions and Answers

Important Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction covers each topic of the chapter. These questions aim at providing a better understanding of the chapter to the students and can be downloaded in PDF format. These important question bank help students in clearing their doubts so that they can score well in the exam.

While preparing for exams, students should practise these important questions of Class 10 Science to understand the concepts better. Solving important questions of Class 10 Science Chapter 10 will teach students time management skills and enhance their problem-solving skills. Also, students may come across a few of these questions in the board exam.

Important Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 – PDF

1. What is the magnification of the images formed by plane mirrors and why?

Answer:   The magnification of the images formed by plane mirrors is 1 as the size of the image is equal to the size of object.

2. An object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from a concave lens of focal length 15 cm. List four characteristics (nature, position, etc.) of the image formed by the lens.  

Answer:  (a) The image of given object formed by the given concave lens is (i) virtual, (ii) erect, (iii) diminished in size, and (iv) is formed on same side of lens at a distance less than 15 cm from the lens.

3. Write two different uses of concave mirror.  

Answer:  (i) In solar furnace (ii) In shaving mirror.

4. Define power of a lens.

Answer:  The ability of lens to converge or diverge the ray of light is called power of lens. It is equal to the reciprocal of focal length, i.e., P = 1/f

5. Name the mirror that is used by a dentist in examining teeth.

Answer:  Dentist uses a concave mirror to See large images of the teeth of patients.

6. What is lateral displacement of a light ray passing through a glass slab? 

Answer:  The shifting of the light ray sideways (though in the direction of original ray) on emergence from a rectangular glass slab is called “lateral displacement”.

7. Define power of a lens and write its SI unit.  

Answer:  Reciprocal of focal length of a lens, expressed in metre, is called the power of that lens. Its SI unit is 1 dioptre (1 D), where 1 D = 1 m -1 .

8. Name the lens which can be used as a magnifying glass.  

Answer:  A convex lens can be used as a magnifying glass so as to form magnified image of a tiny object placed near it.

9. Which type of lens has a negative power?

Answer:  A concave (diverging) lens has a negative power.

10. What is the difference between virtual image of an object formed by a convex lens and that formed by a concave lens?  

Answer:   ‘Virtual image formed by a convex lens is always magnified but that formed by a concave lens is diminished one.

11. During its passage from one medium to another, where does a light ray change its path?

Answer:  During its passage from one medium to another a light ray changes its path at the boundary face separating the two media.

12. The power of a lens is + 5 D. Find its focal length in metres.  

Answer:  Focal length, f = 1/P = +1/5 m = 0.2m

13. What is the difference between virtual images produced by concave, plane and convex mirrors?

Answer: The virtual image formed by concave mirror is magnified, that produced by plane mirror is of the same size and that by a convex mirror is diminished.

14. For driving a car what type of mirror would you prefer to see the traffic at your back and why? Explain why it is preferred over a plane mirror?

Answer: A convex mirror is used to see the traffic at the back. It is because a convex mirror always forms an erect though diminished image of the object. It has a wider field of view. So, we will be able to much larger at the back than a plane mirror while driving the car.

15. An erect image three times the size of the object is formed with a concave mirror of radius of curvature 36 cm. What is the position of the image?

Answer: For an erect image, magnification is positive. Thus, m = 3 for an erect image three times the size of the object.

16. Discuss the position and nature of the image formed by a concave mirror when the object is moved from infinity towards the pole of mirror.

Answer: As the object is moved from infinity towards the pole of a concave mirror, the image formed starts shifting from the focus of the mirror towards infinity.

When the object is at infinity, the image is formed at the focus or in the focal plane. As the object is shifted, the image is formed between the focus and the centre of curvature, then at the centre of curvature, then beyond the centre of curvature, then at infinity and finally the image is formed behind the mirror.

17. Find the position, nature and size of the image of an object 3 cm high place at a distance of 9 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 18 cm.

18. With the help of ray diagrams, show the formation of image of an object by a concave mirror. When it is placed: (i) beyond the centre of curvature (ii) at the centre of curvature.

Answer: (i) When object is beyond the centre of curvature

(ii) When the object is at the centre of curvature

19. A student, holding a mirror in his hand, directed the reflecting surface of the mirror towards the sun. He then directed the reflected light on to a sheet of paper held close to the mirror.  (a) What should he do to burn the paper?  (b) Which type of mirror does he use?  (c) Will he be able to determine the approximate value of focal length of this mirror from this activity? Give reason and draw ray diagram to justify your answer in this case.    

Answer:  (a) The student should adjust the distance between the mirror and the paper so that solar rays are sharply focussed on the paper. (b) The mirror is a concave mirror. (c) The student can find the approximate focal length by measuring the distance between the paper and the mirror.

As shown in Fig. 10.29, parallel rays from the sun are focussed on the paper at point A’ in focal plane of mirror such that PB’ = f.

20. A concave mirror has a focal length of 20 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a 4 cm tall object be placed so that it forms an image at a distance of 30 cm from the mirror? Also calculate the size of the image formed.    

Answer:  Given, focal length of concave mirror f = — 20 cm, height of object h o = + 4 cm and distance of image v = 30 cm. Following two cases may arise here:

Case I:  If the image formed is real then v = — 30 cm

So, from mirror formula we have

So, the object be placed 60 cm in front of mirror and image is an inverted image of size 2 cm.

Case II:  If the image formed is virtual then v = + 30 cm and now

So, the object is placed at 12 cm in front of mirror and image is an erect image of height 10 cm.

21. A 10 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 12 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 18 cm. Find the nature, position and size of the image.  

Answer:  As per question f = + 12 cm, u = – 18 cm and h o = + 10 cm As per lens law, we have

The image is formed on opposite side of lens at a distance of 36 cm from it. The image is a real and inverted image.

Moreover, magnification 

So, the size of image is 20 cm tall and is formed below the principal axis.

22. A 5 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 20 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 30 cm. Find the (i) position, (ii) nature, and (iii) size of the image formed.   [CBSE 2004, 2006, 2014, 2019]

Answer:  Here h o = + 5 cm, f= + 20 cm, u = – 30 cm (i) Using lens formula we have

(ii) +ve sign of v means that image is being formed on the other side of lens i.e., the image is a real image.

23. A real image, 2/3 rd of the size of an object, is formed by a convex lens when the 3 object is at a distance of 12 cm from it. Find the focal length of the lens.  

24. Draw a ray diagram to show refraction through a rectangular glass slab. How is the emergent ray related to incident ray? What is its lateral displacement?  

Answer:  A ray diagram showing refraction through a rectangular glass slab has been shown in adjoining Fig. 10.32.

The emergent ray GH is exactly parallel to the incident ray EFNM. It means that ∠r 2  = ∠i 1 . However, the emergent ray is laterally (side ways) displaced as compared to the original path of light ray. In ray diagram, the lateral displacement is GN. Its value increases on increasing the width of glass slab.

25. State the laws of refraction of light. Explain the term absolute refractive index of a medium and write an expression to relate it with the speed of light in vacuum. 

 Answer:  Two basic laws of refraction of light are: (i) The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal to the separating surface at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane. (ii) The ratio of sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction (r) is a constant. It is known as Snell’s law. Thus, according to Snell’s law

Generally, the constant n is known as the absolute refractive index of given medium. Thus, absolute refractive index of a medium is defined as the ratio of sine of angle of incidence of a light ray in air (or vacuum) to the sine of angle of refraction of the ray in given medium. Absolute refractive index of a medium is a unitless quantity and its value is one or greater than one In terms of speed of fight, the absolute refractive index of a medium is defined as:

26. What is meant by power of a lens? Write its SI unit. A student uses a lens of focal length 40 cm and another of – 20 cm. Write the nature and power of each lens.

27. What is meant by power of a lens? Write its SI unit. A student uses a lens of focal length 40 cm and another of -20 cm. Write the nature and power of each lens.    

Answer: Power of a Lens:  The ability of a lens to converge or diverge the ray of light after refraction, is called power (P) of the lens. It is defined as the reciprocal of the focal length, i.e. P = 1/f. The SI unit of power of a lens is ‘dioptre’. A lens of focal length 100 cm has a power of 1 dioptre = 1 m -1 . Given: f A  = + 40 cm = 0.4 m, f B  = -20 cm

Hence, the nature of lens A is convex with power + 2.5D and lens B is concave with power -5D.

28. What is mean by power of lens? You have three lenses L 1 , L 2  and L 3  of power +10 D, +5 D and – 10 D respectively. State the nature and focal length of each lens. Explain which of the three lenses will from a virtual and magnified image of an object placed at 15 cm from the lens. Draw the ray diagram in support of your answer.  

Answer: Power of lens:  It is the degree of convergence or divergence of light rays after refraction through a spherical lens is called power of lens. It is the reciprocal of its focal length.

When object is placed between focus and optical centre of convex lens, virtual erect and magnified image is formed on the same side of the lens. Hence, for the object distance of 15 cm, lens L 2  will form the same.

29. We wish to obtain an equal sized inverted image of a candle flame on a screen kept at distance of 4 m from the candle flame. (a) Name the type of lens that should be used. (b) What should be the focal length of the lens and at what distance from the candle flame the lens be placed. (c) Draw a labelled diagram to show the image formation in this case.  

Answer:  (a) Convex lens. (b) 2F = 4 ⇒ f = 2 m Distance of candle flame from the lens = 4 m.

30. If the image formed by a mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always erect and diminished, what type of mirror is it? Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer. Where and why do we generally use this type of mirror?

Answer:  Only a convex mirror always form an erect and diminished image behind the mirror between its pole and focus point for all positions of the object placed in front of the mirror.

A ray diagram showing the image formation of an object AB is shown here. A convex mirror is used as a rear view mirror in automobiles because it gives erect and diminished images of vehicles coming from behind. As a result, it helps the driver in having a much wider field of view.

31. An object 4 cm in height, is placed at 15 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed to obtain a sharp image of the object. Calculate the height of the image.

Answer:  Here distance of object u = – 15 cm, height of object h o = + 4 cm and the focal length of concave mirror f = – 10 cm.

As per mirror formula we have

32. The magnification of an image formed by a lens is -1. If the distance of the image from the optical centre of the lens is 25 cm, where is the object placed? Find the nature and focal length of the lens. If the object is displaced 15 cm towards the optical centre of the lens, where would the image be formed? Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer.  

Thus, the positive focal length shows that the given lens is a convex lens of focal length 12.5 cm. If the object is now displaced 15 cm towards the optical centre of the lens i.e, object is now placed at a distance of 25 – 15 = 10 cm from the optical centre. Therefore u = – 10 cm, and f = +12.5 cm.

So, in this case, virtual image is formed on the same side of the object at a distance of 50 cm from the optical centre of the lens as shown in figure

33. If the image formed by a lens for all positions of an object placed in front of it is always erect and diminished, what is the nature of this lens? Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer. If the numerical value of the power of this lens is 10 D, what is its focal length in the Cartesian system?  

34. Define the term magnification as referred to spherical mirrors. If a concave mirror forms a real image 40 cm from the mirror, when the object is placed at a distance of 20 cm from its pole, find the focal length of the mirror.

Answer:  Magnification of spherical mirror (m): It is equal to the ratio of size (height) of the image to the size (height) of the object. Thus,

35. State Snell’s law of refraction of light. Express it mathematically. Write the relationship between absolute refractive index of a medium and speed of light in vacuum.  

36. Draw ray diagrams to show the principal focus of a (i) concave mirror (ii) convex mirror.

Answer:  Ray diagrams have been shown in following Figs. 10.11(a) and (b) respectively.

37. Complete the following diagram [Fig. 10.12]

Answer:  The completed diagram is as given above in Fig. 10.13.

38. Define optical centre of a spherical lens.  

Answer:  Optical centre of a spherical lens is a point on its principal axis, a ray of light passing through which goes undeviated along its path after refraction.

39. Draw the following diagram [Fig. 10.22], in which a ray of light is incident on a concave/convex mirror, on your answer sheet. Show the path of this ray, after reflection, in each case.    

Answer:  The diagrams have been drawn and path of rays after reflection have been shown:

40. State two positions in which a concave mirror produces a magnified image of a given object. List two differences between the two images.

Answer:   Two positions in which a concave mirror produces a magnified image are : (i) When an object is placed between focus point F and centre of curvature C of the mirror. For this position the image is real, inverted and magnified, and the image is formed beyond centre of curvature of the mirror. (ii) When an object is placed between pole P and focus point F of the mirror. For this position the image is virtual, erect and magnified and the image is formed behind the mirror.

41. It is desired to obtain an erect image of an object, using concave mirror of focal length of 12 cm. (i) What should be the range of distance of an object placed in front of the mirror? (ii) Will the image be smaller or larger than the object? Draw ray diagram to show the formation of image in this case. (iii) Where will the image of this object be, if it is placed 24 cm in front of the mirror? Draw ray diagram for this situation also to justify your answer.

Answer:   It is given that focal length of concave mirror is 12 cm. (i) To obtain an erect image of an object by this mirror, the object should be placed in front of the mirror between its pole and focus point, that is |u| < 12 cm.

(ii) The image is larger than the object. The ray diagram has been shown in Fig. 10.25.

(iii) If object be placed at 24 cm in front of the mirror then it means that the object is situated at the centre of curvature [ ∵ | u | = 24 cm = 2f – 2 x 12 cm = R ]  C of the given mirror. Hence as shown in Fig. 10.24 the real, inverted image of same size is formed at centre of curvature C itself [ |v| = 24 cm].

42. (a) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image by a convex lens when an object is placed in front of the lens between its optical centre and principal focus. (b) In the above ray diagram mark the object-distance (u) and the image distance (v) with their proper signs (+ve or -ve as per the new Cartesian sign convention) and state how these distances are related to the focal length (f) of the convex lens in this case.  

  Answer:  (a) The ray diagram is as shown in Fig. 10.37.

(b) The object distance ‘u’, the image distance ‘v’ and the focal length ‘f’ of the convex lens are correlated as per relation:

While applying this formula we must specify +ve or -ve signs of u, v and f as per new Cartesian sign convention being followed.

43. Find the power of a convex lens which forms a real, and inverted image of magnification -1 of an object placed at a distance of 20 cm from its optical centre.  

Answer:  Here u = – 20 cm and magnification m = – 1 for real and inverted image  ∵ m = v/u, hence v = mu = (-1) × (-20) = + 20 cm

44. A divergent lens has a focal length of 20 cm. At what distance should an object of height 4 cm from the optical centre of the lens be placed so that its image is formed 10 cm away from the lens. Find the size of the image also. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image in above situation.  

Answer:   Here focal length of given divergent (concave) lens f = – 20 cm, height of the object h = + 4 cm and distance of image from the lens v = 10 cm. As the image formed by a concave lens is always virtual and erect, hence as per sign convention u = – 10 cm.

As per lens formula we have

Thus, the object is placed at a distance 20 cm from the lens. Moreover

A ray diagram to show the formation of image is given here in Fig. 10.39.

45. The image of an object formed by a mirror is real, inverted and is of magnification -1. If the image is at a distance of 40 cm from the mirror, where is the object placed? Where would the image be if the object is moved 20 cm towards the mirror? State reason and also draw ray diagram for the new position of the object to justify your answer.  

Answer:  Given: Magnification of spherical mirror = -1, Image distance, v = -40 cm Magnification,

Therefore, the object is placed at a distance of 40 cm in front of the spherical mirror.

Case I: when u = -40 cm and v = -40 cm, Using mirror formula, we get

Hence the focal length of the mirror is 20 cm, and the negative focal length shows that it is a concave mirror. The new position of the object when it moves 20 cm towards the concave mirror, u’ = – (40 – 20) = -20 cm. Case II: u’ = – 20 cm, f = – 20 cm, v =?

From mirror formula,

Thus, the image is formed at infinity. Hence when the object is moved 20 cm towards the mirror, a real, inverted and highly enlarged image is formed at infinity.

46. If the image formed by mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always virtual and diminished, state the type of the mirror. Draw a ray diagram in support of your answer. Where are such mirrors commonly used and why?  

Answer:  Convex Mirror

A convex mirror is commonly used as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because it always produces a virtual and erect image whose size is smaller than the object. Therefore, it enables the driver to see a wide field of view of the traffic behind the vehicle in a small mirror. 47. If the image formed by a lens for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always virtual, erect and diminished, state the type of the lens. Draw a ray diagram in support of your answer. If the numerical value of focal length of such a lens is 20 cm, find its power in new cartesian sign conventions.

Answer:  Concave lens (i) When an object is placed at infinity. (ii) When an object is placed between F 1  and 2F 1

Thus, from the above figures, it is clear that whatever be the position of the object in front of a concave lens, the image formed is always virtual, erect and diminished. The power of the given lens is calculated as

48. To construct a ray diagram we use two rays of light which are so chosen that it is easy to determine their directions after reflection from the mirror. Choose these two rays and state the path of these rays after reflection from a concave mirror. Use these two rays to find the nature and position of the image of an object placed at a distance of 15 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm.    

Answer:  The position of the image formed by a spherical mirror can be found by considering following two rays: (i) The ray incident parallel to the principal axis, after reflection, passes through the principal focus of a concave mirror. (ii) A ray passing through the centre of curvature in a concave mirror after reflection, retraces its path.

The image formation is shown in the above figure. Here for every 5 cm distance we have 1 cm in the ray diagram. Here AB is the object and ATT is the real and inverted image formed on the basis of above mentioned two rays. Actual measurement shows that the image is formed 30 cm in front of the concave mirror i.e., v = 30 cm.

49. (a) Define optical centre of a lens. What happens when a ray of light passes through the optical centre of lens? (b) Define principal focus and focal length of a lens. Draw ray diagram to show the position of principal focus of a lens.    

Answer:  (a) The optical centre of a thin lens is a point on its principal axis, a ray of light passing through which goes straight without any bending (or deviation). In Fig. 10.33, the point O is the optical centre.

(b) Principal focus of a lens is a point where a light beam incident parallel to the principal axis of the lens, after refraction, actually converges to (in case of a convex lens) or diverges from (in case of a concave lens). Since, a lens has two refracting surfaces, a lens has two principal foci. F 1  and F 2  on either side of lens.

The distance of principal focus of a lens from its optical centre is called its focal length f. Thus, f = OF 1 = OF 2 .

50. A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on a screen 80 cm in front of a mirror by keeping the candle flame at a distance of 20 cm from its pole. (i) Which type of mirror should the student use?  (ii) Find the magnification of the image produced.  (iii) Find the distance between the object and its image.  (iv) Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case and mark the distance between the object and its image.    

Answer:  (i) Concave mirror, as it forms a real image on the same side of the mirror.

(iii) Distance between the object and its image = 80 – 20 = 60 cm

(iv) The focal length of the concave mirror is given by

Since u = – 20 cm, it implies that the object lies between F and C, so image is formed beyond the centre of curvature as shown below:

The image is real, inverted and enlarged.

51. Draw a ray diagram to show the path of the reflected ray in each of the following cases. A ray of light incident on a convex mirror.   (a) strikes at its pole making an angle θ from the principal axis. (b) is directed towards its principal focus. (c) is parallel to its principal axis.  

52. An object of height 5 cm is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a concave lens of focal length 10 cm. If the distance of the object from the optical centre of the lens is 20 cm, determine the position, nature and size of the image.    

Answer:  Given: h o  = + 5 cm, f = – 10 cm, u = – 20 cm, v = ?, h i  =?

Using lens formula, web have

So, the image is formed on the same side of the object at a distance of 6.67 cm. The negative sign indicates that the image is virtual. Also |u|< |u| so the image is diminished.

So, the image is virtual, erect, diminished and of size 1.66 cm.

53. An object is placed at a distance of 60 cm from a concave lens of focal length 30 cm.  (i) Use lens formula to find the distance of the image from the lens. (ii) List four characteristics of the image (nature, position, size, erect/inverted) formed by the lens in this case. (iii) Draw ray diagram to justify your answer of part (ii).    

Answer:  Given u = – 60 cm, f = – 30 cm (i) Using lens formula,

(ii) Nature of image: Virtual Position of image: Between optical centre and focus of concave lens. Size of image: Smaller than the object using

So, size of image is one third of the object. Erect/inverted: Erect image

54. (a) List four characteristics of the image formed by a convex lens when an object is placed between its optical centre and principal focus.  (b) Size of the image of an object by a concave lens of focal length 20 cm is observed to be reduced to 1/3 rd of its size. Find the distance of the object from the lens.  

Answer:  (a) When an object is placed between the optical centre and principal focus of a convex lens, the image formed is virtual, erect and enlarged. Moreover, the image is formed on the same side of lens behind the object.

(b) Here magnification of given concave lens m = +1/3 and focal length of lens f = – 20 cm. As per relation m = v/u for a lens, we get

Therefore, as per sign convention followed, both u and v are -ve.

Using lens formula we have

So, the object is placed at a distance of 40 cm from the lens.

55. (a) What is the minimum number of rays required for locating the image formed by a concave mirror for an object? Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of a virtual image by a concave mirror.  (b) The linear magnification produced by a spherical mirror is+3. Analyse this value and state the (i) type of mirror and (ii) position of the object with respect to the pole of the mirror. Draw ray diagram to show the formation of image in this cased (c) An object is placed at a distance of 30 cm in front of a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Write four characteristics of the image formed by the mirror.    

Answer:  (a) Two rays are required.

(b) The linear magnification produced by a spherical mirror is +3. It shows that the size of image is three times the size of object, image is virtual and erect and formed behind the mirror. Hence

(i) the mirror is a concave mirror, and (ii) the object is placed between the pole and the focus of a concave mirror.

(c) The four characteristics of the image formed by the convex mirror are virtual, erect, diminished and laterally inverted.

56. (a) To construct a ray diagram we use two rays which are so chosen that it is easy to know their directions after reflection from the mirror. List two such rays and state the path of these rays after reflection in case of concave mirrors. Use these two rays and draw ray diagram to locate the image of an object placed between pole and focus of a concave mirror.  (b) A concave mirror produces three times magnified image on a screen. If the object is placed 20 cm in front of the mirror, how far is the screen from the object?     

Answer:  (a) Rays which are chosen to construct a ray diagram for reflection are: O’) A ray parallel to the principal axis and a ray passing through the centre of curvature of a concave mirror. Path of these light rays after reflection: (i) It will pass through the principal focus of a concave mirror (ii) It gets reflected back along the same path. When an object is placed between the pole and the principal focus of a concave mirror, a virtual, erect and enlarged image is formed behind the concave mirror as shown in the figure.

57. (a) If the image formed by a mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always diminished, erect and virtual, state the type of the mirror and also draw a ray diagram to justify your answer. Write one use such mirrors are put to and why?  (b) Define the radius of curvature of spherical mirrors. Find the nature and focal length of a spherical mirror whose radius of curvature is +24 cm.    

Answer:  (a) Convex (diverging) mirror view mirror.

Reason: (i) It always produces a virtual and erect image. (ii) The size of image formed is smaller than the object.

Therefore, it enables the driver to see a wide field view of the traffic behind the vehicle in a small mirror. (b) Radius of Curvature: The separation between the pole and the centre of curvature or the radius of the hollow sphere, of which the mirror is a part, is called radius of curvature (R), i.e., PC = R.

Since focal length of the mirror is +24 cm. It indicates that nature of the given spherical mirror is convex/diverging mirror. As R = 2f = 24 cm Therefore, f = +12 cm 58. (a) Draw labelled ray diagrams for each of the following cases to show the position, nature and size of the image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed. (i) between its optical centre (O) and principal focus (F)  (ii) between F and 2 F  (b) How will the nature and size of the image formed in the above two cases, (i) and (ii) change, if the convex lens is replaced by a concave lens of same focal length?    

Answer:  A convex lens of focal length ‘f’ can form  (i) a magnified and erect image only when the object is placed between its focus ‘F’ and optical centre ‘O’ of the lens.

(ii) a magnified and inverted image when an object is placed in the following positions: Between F 1  and 2F 1

(b) Whatever be the position of object as given in case (i) and (ii), the image formed by the concave lens is always virtual, erect and diminished. 59.   State the laws that are followed when light is reflected by spherical mirrors. Daw a ray diagram to show the formation of image of an object placed infront of a convex mirror. List two characteristics of the image formed. Briefly explain one use of convex mirror.

Answer:  The two laws of reflection of light are: (i) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. (ii) The incident ray, the normal to the reflecting surface at the point of incidence and the reflected ray from that point, all lie in the same plane. (i) Image formed is behind the mirror between pole (P) and focus (F). (ii) Virtual, erect and diminished image is formed.

(ii) Rear-view mirror of vehicles:  Convex mirror Convex mirror is used because it always produces a virtual and erect image whose size is smaller than the object. Therefore, it enables the driver to see wide field view of the traffic behind the vehicle in a small mirror.

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CBSE Class 10 Important Questions on Science Chapter 10 - Light Reflection and Refraction 2024-25

• Class 10 Important Question
• Chapter 10: Light Reflection And Refraction

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter-10 Important Questions with Answers - Free PDF Download

The concept of light, reflection, and refraction is quite fascinating for the students of Class 10. In the previous classes, students have learned a lot of new things related to these two natural phenomena occurring with light. In Class 10, they will advance to a new level of concepts related to reflection and refraction. The textbook explains the concepts pretty well. Students will need more Light Reflection and Refraction Class 10 Important Questions with answers to prepare for the exams.

By studying the Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Important Questions, you will develop your concept for this chapter in a better way. In fact, your answering skills will also increase considerably. Check out how the expert teachers at Vedantu have answered the Light Class 10 Important Questions niftily. Download the PDF and follow the format of answering questions as shown by the experts to score more. Vedantu is a platform that provides free CBSE Solutions (NCERT) and other study materials for students. Maths Students who are looking for the better solutions, they can download Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Download CBSE Class 10 Science Important Questions 2024-25 PDF

Also, check CBSE Class 10 Science Important Questions for other chapters:

CBSE Class 10 Science Important Questions
Sl.No	Chapter No	Chapter Name
1	Chapter 1
2	Chapter 2
3	Chapter 3
4	Chapter 4
5	Chapter 5
6	Chapter 6
7	Chapter 7
8	Chapter 8
9	Chapter 9
10	Chapter 10	Light Reflection and Refraction
11	Chapter 11
12	Chapter 12
13	Chapter 13
14	Chapter 14
15	Chapter 15
16	Chapter 16

Related Chapters

Important Topics under CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 - Light Reflection and Refraction

The following list of important topics covered under the chapter on Light Reflection and Refraction has been provided for students so that they can take a glance at the major concepts and read them through before diving into the important questions.

Reflection of Light

Spherical Mirrors

Image Formation by Spherical Mirrors

Sign Convention for Spherical Mirrors

Mirror Formula and Magnification

Refraction of Light

Refraction through a Rectangular Glass Slab

Refractive Index

Refraction by Spherical Lenses

Image Formation by Lenses and Their Ray Diagrams

Sign Convention for Spherical Lenses

Lens Formula and Magnification

Power of a Lens

Study Important Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 - Light Reflection and Refraction

Long Answer Questions (5 Marks)

1. A convex lens has a focal length of \[10\] cm. At what distance from the lens should the object be placed so that it forms a real and inverted image $20$ cm. away from the lens? What would be the size of the image formed if the object is $2$ cm high? With the help of a ray, the diagram shows the formation of the image by the lens in this case?

Ans: Given, the focal length of the convex lens,

$\Rightarrow f=+10$ cm

Also, given the image formed is real and inverted with the image distance as $20$ cm.

$\Rightarrow v=+20$ cm

From the lens formula, we have: 

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{1}{f}=\dfrac{1}{v}-\dfrac{1}{u}$

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{1}{10}=\dfrac{1}{20}-\dfrac{1}{u}$

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{1}{u}=\dfrac{1}{20}-\dfrac{1}{10}$

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{1}{u}=\dfrac{-1}{20}$

$\Rightarrow u=-20$ cm.

$\therefore $ The object is placed at a distance of $20$ cm.

Magnification is given as,

$\Rightarrow m=-\dfrac{v}{u}$

$\Rightarrow m=-\dfrac{20}{\left( -20 \right)}$

$\Rightarrow m=+1$

Also, magnification is given by, $m=\dfrac{Height\text{ of the image}}{Height\text{ of the object}}$.

$\therefore m=\dfrac{Height\text{ of the image}}{2}$

$\Rightarrow 1=\dfrac{Height\text{ of the image}}{2}$

$\Rightarrow Height\text{ of the image}=2$ cm.

Thus, the image is of the same size as that of the object and it is real and inverted.

The ray diagram representing the formation of the image by the lens in this case is:

It is observed that the image is formed at $2{F_2}$ with the object placed at $2{F_1}$.

2. Draw a ray diagram to show the use of a convex lens for the formation of images having the following characteristics. 

a. Real & inverted and diminished 

Ans: A ray diagram representing a real & inverted and diminished image is given below.

b. Virtual, erect & magnified.

Ans: A ray diagram representing a virtual, erect, and magnified image is given below.

3. A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of $50$ cm. from it. Where is the needle placed in front of the convex lens if the image is equal to the size of objects? Also, find the power of the lens.

Ans: Given, the image is real and inverted at a distance of $50$ cm.

$\Rightarrow v=+50$ cm

Also given, Height of image $=$ Height of object

We know, magnification is given as,

$\therefore -\dfrac{v}{u}=\dfrac{Height\text{ of the image}}{Height\text{ of the object}}$

Since, Height of image $=$ Height of object and $v=+50$ cm

$\Rightarrow -\dfrac{50}{u}=1$

$\Rightarrow u=-50$ cm

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{1}{f}=\dfrac{1}{50}-\dfrac{1}{-50}$

$\Rightarrow f=25$ cm

$\Rightarrow f=0.25$ m

The power of a lens is given by,

$\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{1}{f}$

$\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{1}{0.25}$  m

$\Rightarrow P=+4$ D

4. One-half of a convex lens is covered with black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of the object? Verify your answers experimentally. Explain your observations.

Ans: If we cover one-half of a convex lens with black paper it is observed that it produces a complete image of the object.

Representing the given situation with a ray diagram.

Adjust the position of the burning candle such that its image is formed on the screen placed on the other side of the lens.

We get a full image of the burning candle on the screen.

Thus, from the above observation, we conclude that the formation of an image does not depend on the length of the lens, but the brightness of the image formed on the screen depends since the number of rays passing through the lens gets reduced on covering half the lens with black paper.

5. An object $5$ cm in length is held $25$ cm away from a converging lens of focal length $10$ cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size, and nature of the image formed.

Ans: Given focal length of the lens, $f=+10$ cm.

Object distance from the converging lens is given to be $25$ cm and the height of the object ($ho$) is given to be $5$ cm.

$\Rightarrow u=-25$ cm

$\Rightarrow ho=5$ cm

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{1}{10}=\dfrac{1}{v}-\dfrac{1}{-25}$

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{1}{v}=\dfrac{1}{25}-\dfrac{1}{10}$

$\Rightarrow v=\dfrac{50}{3}$ cm

$\Rightarrow v=16.7$ cm

Thus, we conclude that the image formed is real and inverted and is formed at a distance of $16.7$ cm on the other side of the lens.

Also, magnification is given by, $m=\dfrac{Height\text{ of the image}}{Height\text{ of the object}}=\dfrac{hi}{ho}$.

$\therefore -\dfrac{v}{u}=\dfrac{hi}{ho}$

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{16.7}{-25}=\dfrac{hi}{5}$

$\Rightarrow hi=-\dfrac{10}{3}$ cm

Hence, the image is diminished.

The ray diagram representing the above situation is drawn below.

6. A convex lens of focal length $15$ cm formed an image $10$ cm from the lens. How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram.

Ans: Given focal length of the lens, $f=15$ cm.

Image distance from the converging lens is given to be $10$ cm.

$\Rightarrow v=-10$ cm

We observe that the image distance is less than the focal length, hence the image formed would be virtual and erect.

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{1}{15}=\dfrac{1}{-10}-\dfrac{1}{u}$

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{1}{u}=-\dfrac{1}{10}-\dfrac{1}{15}$

$\Rightarrow u=-6$ cm

Light: Reflection and Refraction - Important Questions and Solutions Summary

light rays, mirrors, lenses, prisms, etc., is the advanced version of what you As mentioned earlier, the chapter related to light, reflection, and refraction of have studied in the previous classes. In Class 10, you will have to focus on the theoretical part, as well as, the use of these theories to answer questions.

After you have completed answering the basic questions in the exercise, you might need a question bank to learn more about this chapter. This is where Light Reflection and Refraction Class 10 Important Questions with Answers can be used perfectly. These questions will intellectually challenge your knowledge and foundation of concepts based on this topic. You can answer on your own and check whether you know the right answer or not.

Class 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Questions have been developed by the expert teachers to provide a strong idea of how questions are set in the exams. All these questions are developed to define how theoretical concepts are used to solve conceptual problems. You will gain a better insight into the chapters and strengthen your foundation accordingly.

Benefits of Studying the CBSE Class 10 Important Questions on Science Chapter 10 - Light Reflection and Refraction

The Important Questions for Class 10 Light Reflection and Refraction have been developed based on the basic and advanced concepts you have learned in your science textbook. Let us check the benefits of studying these questions first.

Thinking Out of the Box

The Important Questions of Light Reflection and Refraction Class 10 is the ultimate suggestion for the upcoming board exam. You can study these questions, prepare their answers on your own, and compare them with the solution provided. This will help you to understand how efficiently you have studied the chapter. Light Class 10 Important Questions have been developed to help you think out of the box. In most cases, the thoughts of the students remain stuck in the exercises of the textbook. These questions will help them think out of the box and challenge their intellect.

Getting to Know Possible Important Questions of Chapter 10 Class 10 Science

By studying Class 10th Science Chapter 10 Important Questions , you will get to know possible questions that might come in the board exams. All these questions are developed by experienced science teachers. They are well-aware of the type of questions asked in the CBSE exam . Hence, studying these questions will help you learn about different modes and patterns.

Making Concepts Easier to Understand

The Important Questions for Class 10 Science Light Reflection and Refraction have simple explanations. All the concepts in this chapter will be exceptionally simplified and utilized to answer these important questions. Hence, the students will get another way to learn how to use the textbook concepts to solve challenging questions in the exams.

Efficient Answering Methods

The Ch 10 Science Class 10 Important Questions will also come with a proper solution. The solutions will have the perfect answers to all these important questions. You will get another set of questions and answers to follow and find out the best approaches to score well in the exams. These approaches are simplified and designed by following the CBSE guidelines .

Mastering Solving Numerical Questions

This chapter poses a challenge in the form of numerical questions related to mirrors and lenses. These problems are based on a set of formulas related to the focal distance, object distance, and image distance of lenses and mirrors. By using Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Important Questions and Solutions, you can master using the formula in different aspects without committing mistakes.

You can download Chapter 10 Science Class 10 Important Questions and solutions in PDF format and study them offline. Get this extra set of questions and use them as a reference to clear your concepts of this crucial chapter.

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CBSE Class 10 Science Study Materials

FAQs on CBSE Class 10 Important Questions on Science Chapter 10 - Light Reflection and Refraction 2024-25

1. Why Should You Prefer Vedantu for Important Questions of Light Class 10?

The teachers of Vedantu have formulated the best possible questions of Class 10 Light for the students to follow. The answers are simple and follow the CBSE guidelines. You can rest be assured that you will get the best-quality questions and answers to study.

2. Why Should You Study Light Reflection and Refraction Important Questions?

By studying the Light Reflection and Refraction Class 10 Important Questions, you will get a good idea of what questions are asked in the board exam. Follow the answering style and score more in the main exam.

3. What are the important topics covered in the CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 - Light Reflection and Refraction?

The following are the important topics covered in the Chapter on Light Reflection and Refraction: 

CBSE Class 10 Science Important Questions

Cbse study materials.

NCERT Solutions for Class 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

September 27, 2019 by Veerendra

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction : In this article, you candidates can find light reflection and refraction class 10 NCERT solutions. Working on the light chapter of class 10 NCERT solutions will help candidates to build a strong foundation over the subject Physics. Knowing light reflection and refraction class 10 questions and answers will help students of class 10 to bag a decent score in class 10 board exams as well.

Along with NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction candidates can also find light reflection and refraction class 10 numericals questions in this article.  Go through them will help candidates get a clear idea about how to approach the problems which in turn helps you to solve them in the most efficient way. So why wait? Read on to find out everything about light reflection and refraction class 10 important questions with answers here.

Before getting into the details of  NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction,  let’s have an overview of topics and subtopics under NCERT class 10 science book activities solutions chapter 10:

• Light – Reflection And Refraction
• Reflection Of Light
• Spherical Mirrors
• Refraction Of Light

Free download NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction PDF in Hindi Medium as well as in English Medium for CBSE, Uttarakhand, Bihar, MP Board, Gujarat Board, and UP Board students, who are using NCERT Books based on updated CBSE Syllabus for the session 2019-20.

• प्रकाश-परावर्तन एवं अपवर्तन कक्षा 10 विज्ञान हिंदी में
• Class 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Questions
• Light Reflection and Refraction Class 10 Notes
• Light Reflection and Refraction NCERT Exemplar Solutions

Class 10 Science Light Reflection and Refraction Mind Map

Ncert solutions for class 10 science chapter 10 intext questions.

Page Number: 168

Question 1 Define the principal focus of a concave mirror. Answer: The principal focus of a concave mirror is a point on its principal axis to which all the light rays which are parallel and close to the axis, converge after reflection from the concave mirror.

Question 2 The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20 cm. What is its focal length? Answer: Focal length = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) x Radius of curvature = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) x 20 cm = 10 cm

Question 3 Name a mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object. Answer: Concave mirror.

Question 4 Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles ? Answer: We prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because of two reasons :

•  A convex mirror always produces an erect image of the objects.
•  The image formed in a convex mirror is highly diminished or much smaller than the object, due to which a convex mirror gives a wide field of view of the traffic behind. A convex mirror enables the driver to view such larger area of the traffic behind him.

Page Number: 171

Question 1 Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm. Solution: R = +32 cm and \(f=\frac { R }{ 2 } =+\frac { 32 }{ 2 } =+16cm\)

Page Number: 176

Question 1 A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards the normal or away from the normal ? Why ? Answer: The light-ray bends towards the normal because the ray of light goes from a rarer medium to a denser medium.

Question 3 Find out, from Table 10.3, the medium having highest optical density. Also find the medium with lowest optical density. Answer: From table 10.3, diamond has highest refractive index (= 2.42), so it has highest optical density. Air has lowest refractive index (= 1.0003), so it has lowest optical density.

Question 4 You are given kerosene, turpentine and water. In which of these does the light travel fastest ? Use the information given in Table 10.3. Answer: For kerosene, n = 1.44 For turpentine, n = 1.47 For water, n = 1.33 Because water has the lowest refractive index, therefore light travels fastest in this optically rarer medium than kerosene and turpentine oil.

Question 5 The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this statement? Answer: By saying that the refractive index of diamond is 2.42, we mean that the speed of light in diamond is lower by a factor of 2.42 relative to that in vacuum.

Page Number: 184

Question 1 Define 1 dioptre of power of a lens. Answer: One dioptre is the power of a lens whose focal length is 1 metre.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Textbook Chapter End Questions

Question 1 Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens ? (a) Water (b) Glass (c) Plastic (d) Clay Answer: (d) Clay

Question 2 The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object ? (a) Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature (b) At the centre of curvature (c) Beyond the centre of curvature (d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus. Answer: (d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.

Question 3 Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object ? (a) At the principal focus of the lens (b) At twice the focal length (c) At infinity (d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus. Answer: (b) At twice the focal length.

Question 4 A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of -15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be : (a) Both concave. (b) Both convex. (c) the mirror is concave and the lens is convex. (d) the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave. Answer: (a) Both concave

Question 5 No matter how far you stand from mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be (a) plane (b) concave (c) convex (d) either plane or convex. Answer: (d) Either plane or convex.

Question 6 Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary ? (a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm. (b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm. (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm. (d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm. Answer: (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm.

Question 8 Name the type of mirror used in the following situations. (a) Headlights of a car. (b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle. (c) Solar furnace. Support your answer with reason. Answer: (a) Concave mirrors are used as reflectors in headlights of cars. When a bulb is located at the focus of the concave mirror, the light rays after reflection from the mirror travel over a large distance as a parallel beam of high intensity.

(b) A convex mirror is used as a side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle because

• A convex mirror always forms an erect, virtual and diminished image of an object placed anywhere in front it.
• A convex mirror has a wider field of view than a plane mirror of the same size.

(c) Large concave mirrors are used to concentrate sunlight to produce heat in solar furnaces.

Question 13 The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean ? Answer: Since magnification, \(m=\frac { { h }^{ ‘ } }{ h } =\frac { -\nu }{ u }\). Given, m = +1, so h’ = h and ν = -u

(i) m = 1 indicates the size of image is same as that of object. (ii) positive sign of m indicates that an erect image is formed.

The opposite signs of ν and u indicate that image is formed on the other side of the mirror from where the object is placed i.e., image is formed behind the mirror and thus image formed is virtual.

Reflection of light by curved surfaces; Images formed by spherical mirrors, center of curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula (Derivation not required), magnification. Refraction; laws of refraction, refractive index. Refraction of light by spherical lens; Image formed by spherical lenses; Lens formula (Derivation not required); Magnification. Power of a lens;

	CBSE
	NCERT
	Class 10
	Science
	Chapter 10
	Light Reflection and Refraction
	31

Formulae Handbook for Class 10 Maths and Science

Question 1. Define the principal focus of a concave mirror? Answer: Light rays that are parallel to the principal axis of a concave mirror converge at a specific point on its principal axis after reflecting from the mirror. This point is known as the principal focus of the concave mirror.

Question 2. The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20 cm. What is its focal length? Answer: Radius of curvature, R = 20 cm Radius of curvature of a spherical mirror = 2 x Focal length (f) f = R/2 = 20/2 =10cm

More Resources for CBSE Class 10

NCERT Solutions

• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Sanskrit
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Foundation of IT
• RD Sharma Class 10 Solutions

Question 3. Name the mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object. Answer: When an object is placed between the pole and the principal focus of a concave mirror, the image formed is virtual, erect, and enlarged.

Download NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction PDF

Question 4. Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles? Answer: Convex mirrors give a virtual, erect, and diminished image of the objects placed in front of them. They are preferred as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because they give a wider field of view, which allows the driver to see most of the traffic behind him.

Question 1. Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm. Answer: Radius of curvature, R = 32 cm Radius of curvature = 2 x Focal length (f) R = 2f f = R/2 = 32/2 = 16cm Hence, the focal length of the given convex mirror is 16 cm.

Question 2. A concave mirror produces three times magnified (enlarged) real image of object placed at 10 cm in front of it. Where is the image located? Answer: Given, u = – 10 cm Since image is real inverted so, m = -3 m = -v / u ⇒  -3 = -v/ -10 v= – 30 cm Negative sign indicates the image will be real and image is formed at 30 cm in front of the mirror.

Question 1. A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards the normal or away from the normal? Why? Answer: The light ray bends towards the normal. When a ray of light travels from an optically rarer medium to an optically denser medium, it gets bent towards the normal. Since water is optically denser than air, a ray of light travelling from air into the water will bend towards the normal.

Question 1. Define one dioptre of power of a lens? Answer: One dioptre is the power Of a lens Of focal length 1m. Power of lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length. If P is the power of a lens of focal length F in metres, then P = 1/ f (in meters) The S.I. unit of power of a lens is Dioptre. It is denoted by D. 1 dioptre is defined as the power of a lens of focal length 1 metre. 1 D = 1 m−1

Question 2. A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50 cm from it. Where is the needle placed in front of the lens if the image is equal to the size of the object? Also find the power of the lens. Answer: v = + 50 cm Since image is real and of same size. The position of image should be double the focal length. Hence, the object should be at 2f. V = 2f = 50, f = 25 cm. Power = 1/f = 100/25 = 4D

Question 1. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens? (a) Water (b) Glass (c) Plastic (d) Clay Answer: (d) Clay

Question 2. The ¡mage formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object? (a) Between the principal focus and the centre of Curvature (b) At the centre of curvature (c) Beyond the centre of curvature (d) Between the pole of the mirror and Its principal focus. Answer: (d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.

Question 3. Where should an object b. placed In front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object? (a) At the principal focus of the lens (b) At twice the focal length (c) At infinity (d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus Answer: (b) At twice the focal length

Question 4. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of 15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be: (a) both concave (b) both convex (c) the mirror is concave, but the lens is convex (d) the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave Answer: (a) Both concave.

Question 5. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your Image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be (a) plane (b) concave (c) convex (d) Either plane or convex Answer: (d) Either plane or convex.

Question 6. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found ¡n a dictionary? (a) A convex lens of focal length 50cm (b) A concave lens of focal length 50cm (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm (d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm. Answer: (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm.

Question 8. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations. (a) Headlights of a car (b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle (c) Solar furnace Support your answer with reason. Answer: (a) Concave mirror, to get powerful and parallel beams of light. (b) Convex mirror because it always gives an erect image and enables the driver to view much larger area. (c) Concave or parabolic mirror because it can concentrate sunlight at the focus to produce heat in the solar furnace.

Question 9. One half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of the object? Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your observations. Answer: Yes, even when one half of the lens is covered with a black paper, complete image of the object will be formed. Take a convex lens and focus the light from a distant object onto a screen. As expected an image (sharp) is formed at a distance equal to the focal length Cover the lower or the upper half of the lens and focus the light from the same object onto the same screen. You will be able to get a sharp image again; however the brightness of the image will be less in the second case. The same effect w,ll be seen even if the lens is half covered with black strips.

Question 13. The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean? Answer: This means that size of the image is equal to the size of the object.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) [1 mark each]

Question 1. Hold a highly polished steel spoon curved inwards close to your face and move it slowly away from your face. What will you observe? (a) Enlarged and erect image of your face (b) Smaller and inverted image of your face (c) Smaller and erect image of your face (d) Enlarged and inverted image of your face Answer: (b) The inner curved surface of a highly polished steel spoon acts as a concave mirror. When the spoon is at a small distance from the face such that, the object lies between pole and focus of concave mirror, so an enlarged and erect image of your face will be observed but as the spoon is slowly moved away from the face, the image becomes smaller and appears inverted.

Question 2. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens? [NCERT] (a) Water (b) Glass (c) Plastic (d) Clay Answer: (d) Clay can never be transparent, so it cannot be used to make lens.

Question 3. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be [NCERT] (a) plane (b) concave (c) convex (d) either plane or convex Answer: (d) Plane mirrors and convex mirrors always form the erect images.

Question 4. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object? [NCERT] (a) Between principal focus and centre of curvature (b) At centre of curvature (c) Beyond centre of curvature (d) Between pole of the mirror and its principal focus Answer: (d)

Question 6. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each of a focal length -15 cm. The mirror and lens are likely to be [NCERT] (a) both concave (b) both convex (c) mirror is concave and lens is convex (d) mirror is convex and lens is concave Answer: (a) The focal length is taken as negative for both concave mirror and concave lens.

Question 8. Under which of the following conditions, a concave mirror can form an image larger than the actual object? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) When an object is kept at a distance equal to its radius of curvature (b) When an object is kept at a distance less than its focal length (c) When an object is placed between the focus and centre of curvature (d) When an object is kept at a distance greater than its radius of curvature Answer: (c) A concave mirror can form an image enlarged, real and inverted than the actual object, beyond centre of curvature (C) when object is placed between the focus (F) and centre of curvature.

Question 13. Which of the following statement is true? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) A convex lens has 4D power having a focal length 0.25 m (b) A convex lens has 4D power having a focal length -0.25 m (c) A concave lens has 4D power having a focal length 0.25 m (d) A concave lens has 4D power having a focal length -0.25 m Answer: (a) The power P of a lens of focal length f is given by P = 1/f, where f is the focal length in metre and P is the power in dioptre. P= 1/f or f = 1/P = 1/4 = 0.25 m

Question 14. Magnification produced by a rear view mirror fitted in vehicles [NCERT Exemplar] (a) is less than one (b) is more than one (c) is equal to one (d) can be more than or less than one depending upon the position of the object in front of it. Answer: (a) The convex mirror forms virtual, erect and diminished image of the object and rear view mirror also form same type of image. Therefore, magnification (m) produced by a rear view mirror fitted in vehicles is less than one, i.e. m < 1.

Question 15. Rays from the Sun converge at a point 15 cm in front of a concave mirror. Where should an object be placed, so that size of its image is equal to the size of the object? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) 15 cm in front of the mirror (b) 30 cm in front of the mirror (c) between 15 cm and 30 cm in front of the mirror (d) more than 30 cm in front of the mirror Answer: (b) The rays from the Sun, i.e. from infinity, are parallel to principal axis after reflection converge at a point is known as focus. Therefore, focal length if) of concave mirror is 15 cm. And we know that, same size, real and inverted image is formed by concave mirror when object is placed at focus 2 A or centre of curvature, so to form same size of image, object will be placed at 15 x 2 =30 cm.

Question 17. You are given water, mustard oil, glycerine and kerosene. In which of these media, a ray of light incident obliquely at same angle would bend the most? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) Kerosene (b) Water (c) Mustard oil (d) Glycerine Answer: (d) The given material having their refractive index as kerosene is 1.44, water is 1.33, mustard oil is 1.46 and glycerine is 1.74. Thus, glycerine is most optically denser and hence have the largest refractive index. Therefore, ray of light bend most in glycerine.

Question 18. A student placed a light bulb in midway between the two plane mirrors inclined at an angle of 60°. How many images will be observed by him? (a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 5 (d) 8 Answer: (c) Number of images formed by two plane mirrors inclined at an angle 60° when a light bulb is placed in midway between them is N = 360°/60° – 1 = 6 – 1 = 5

Question 19. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object? [NCERT] (a) At the principal focus of the lens (b) At twice the focal length (c) At infinity (d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus Answer: (b) To set the real image of the size of the object, it should be placed at twice the focal length of a convex lens.

Question 20. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in dictionary? [NCERT] (a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm (b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm (d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm Answer: (c) Convex lens is used as magnifying glass. For better performance its focal length should be small.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction (Hindi Medium)

LIGHT REFLECTION & REFRACTION Form of energy produces the sensation of vision in eyes. Light (EM waves wave-length 400 nm to 750 nm). The path of light (always travel in straight line) is ray of light

Characteristics of light

• Rectilinear propagation of light
• Light travels with a speed of 3 × 10 8 m/s in air/vaccum.
• Speed of light depends on the medium
• Light shows behaviour such as reflection, refraction, interference, diffraction, polarisation etc.

Law of Refraction Refraction of light:  Bending of light ray while passing from one medium to another medium

• A ray of light bends towards the normal, while going from rarer to denser medium
• And bends away from the normal while going from denser to rarer medium
• Refraction of light takes place because the speed of light is different in the two media

Total internal Reflection :  Ray totally reflected back to denser medium Phenomena based on TIR

• Mirage – optical illusion in deserts
• Looming – optical illusion in cold countries
• Optical fibre
• Brilliance of diamond

Necessary conditions for TIR (i )  Ray of light must travel from denser to rarer medium (ii)  ∠i > ∠c for two media

Critical angle (c)  Angle i in denser medium for which angle of refraction in rarer medium is 90° μ = \(\frac{1}{\sin C}\)

Snell’s law μ = \(\frac{\sin i}{\sin r}\) For two media 1 μ 2 = \(\frac{\mu_{2}}{\mu_{1}}=\frac{\sin i}{\sin r}\)

Reflection of light:  Turning back of light in the same medium after striking the reflecting surface or mirror

• After reflection, velocity, frequency and wavelength of light remains same but intensity decreases
• If reflection takes place from denser medium then phase change ‘π’

Regular Reflection

Reflection on smooth surface.

Diffuse  Reflection Reflection on rough surface.

Laws of Reflection

The incident ray the normal and the reflected ray all lie in the same plane The angle of incidence (i) is always equal to angle of reflection (r) i.e., ∠i = ∠r

Mirror formula \(\frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{u}+\frac{1}{v}\) When two plane mirrors are held at an angle 9 with their reflecting surfaces facing each other and an object is placed between them, images are formed by successive reflections. . f concave = negative f convex = positive and f plane = ∞

Relation between focal length (f) and radius of curvature, R f = \(\frac{R}{2}\)

Magnification m = \(\frac{\mathrm{v}}{\mathrm{u}}=\frac{\text { height of image }}{\text { height of object }}\) m = \(\frac{f}{f-u}=\frac{f-v}{f}\)

The incident ray, the normal and the refracted ray all lie in the same plane Refractive index, μ = \(\frac{c}{v}=\frac{\text { real depth }}{\text { apparent depth }}\)

Plane Mirror

Is a looking glass, highly polished on one surface.

• Forms virtual and erect image
• Distance of object from mirror = distance of image from mirror.
• The size of the image is same as object.
• Image is laterally inverted.
• Used in kaleidoscope periscope, etc.

Concave Mirror Spherical glass polished on the outside. It is also known as a converging mirror.

• Images produced are always real, inverted, can be enlarged based on the position except when object is placed between pole and focus.
• Uses: Make-up and shaving mirrors, dentist mirror, in floodlight etc.

Image formation by a convex mirror for different positions of the object

Anywhere between Between Pole(P) and infinity (∞)	Between P and F back of the mirror	Small	Virtual and erect
At infinity	At F	Very small in size	Virtual and erect

Convex Mirror Spherical glass polished inside. It is also known as diverging mirror.

• It forms virtual, upright and small images.
• Uses: for security’ purposes, in vehicles as rear- view mirror and street lighting.

Image formation by a concave mirror for different positions of the object

At infinity	At the focus F	Highly -diminished, point-sized	Real and inverted
BeyondC	Between F and C’	Diminished	Real and inverted
At C	At C	Same size	Real and inverted
B/W C and F	Beyond C	Enlarged	Real and inverted
At F	At infinity	Highly enlarged	Real and inverted
B/W P and F	Behind the mirror	Enlarged	Virtual and erect

Atmospheric Refraction

Earth’s atmosphere is thin at the top and dense at the bottom, thus leads to refraction of light, μ = c/v

• Twinkling of stars
• Advanced sunrise and delayed sunset

Refraction Through a Glass Slab x = \(\frac{t \sin (i-r)}{\cos r}\) ∴ x ∝ μ

Power of a lens

P = \(\frac{1}{f(\text { in metre })}\) Unit of power of lens is diopter (D) P convex → Positive P concave → Negative and P plane → Zero

Lens Piece of transparent material with two refracting surfaces, at least one is curved and refractive index should different as that of the surrounding.

Lens formula \(\frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{v}-\frac{1}{u}\) f convex → negative f concave → positive and f plane → ∞

Concave Lens Cental portion of lens is thinner than marginal. It as also known as diverging lens.

Convex Lens Central portion of lens is thicker than marginal. It is also known us converging lens.

Magnification Ratio of distance of image to the distance of object from the optical centre. Also equal to height of image to the height of object m = \(\frac{\mathrm{I}}{\mathrm{o}}=\frac{\mathrm{v}}{\mathrm{u}}=\frac{\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{I}}}{\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{o}}}\)

Nature, position and relative size of the image formed by a concave lens for various position of the object

At infinity	At focus F	Highly-diminished, point-sized	Virtual and erect
Between infinity and Optical centre O of the lens	Between F and Optical centre O	Diminished	Virtual and erect

Nature, position and relative size of the image formed by a convex lens for various positions of the object

At infinity	At focus F	Highly -diminished, point-sized	Real and inverted
Beyond 2F	Between F  and 2F	Diminished	Real and inverted
At 2F	At 2F	Same size	Real and inverted
Between F  and 2F	Beyond 2F	Enlarged	Rea! and inverted
At Focus F	At infinity	Infinitely large or highly enlarged	Real and inverted
Between F and Optical centre O	On the same side of the lens as the object	Enlarged	Virtual and erect

Now that you are provided all the necessary information regarding NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction  and we hope this detailed article on light reflection and refraction class 10 NCERT solutions is helpful. If you have any questions related to this article, kindly ask your questions through the comment section below and we will get back to you as soon as possible.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science All Chapters

• Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations
• Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts
• Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals
• Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds
• Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of Elements
• Chapter 6 Life Processes
• Chapter 7 Control and Coordination
• Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce?
• Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution
• Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction
• Chapter 11 Human Eye and Colourful World
• Chapter 12 Electricity
• Chapter 13 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
• Chapter 14 Sources of Energy
• Chapter 15 Our Environment
• Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

July 13, 2020 by Veerendra

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science . Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction. Learn Insta provides you the Free PDF download of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science (Physics) Chapter 10 – Light Reflection and Refraction solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. All Chapter 10 – Light Reflection and Refraction Exercise Questions with Solutions to help you to revise complete Syllabus and Score More marks.

NCERT Questions

In Text Book Questions

Question 1. Define the principal focus of a concave mirror. Answer: A point on the principal axis where the parallel rays of light after reflecting from a concave mirror meet.

More Resources

• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science
• NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 10 Science
• HOTS Questions for Class 10 Science
• Value Based Questions in Science for Class 10
• Previous Year Question Papers for CBSE Class 10 Science

Question 3. Name a mirror that can give an erect and magnified image of an object. Answer: A concave mirror.

Question 4. Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles ? [CBSE (All India) 2007, 2011, 2012] Answer: This is because a convex mirror forms an erect and diminished (small in size) images of the objects behind the vehicle and hence the field of view behind the vehicle is increased.

Question 5. Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm. Answer: R = +32 cm. Therefore, f = R/2 = +32/2 = +16 cm. Thus, focal length of the convex mirror = +16 cm.

Question 6. A concave mirror produces three times magnified (enlarged) real image of an object placed at 10 cm in front of it. Where is the image located ? Answer: m – -3, But m = -v/u, so v = 3u u = -10 cm v = 3 (-10 cm) =-30 cm Thus, the image is located at a distance of 30 cm to the left side of the concave mirror.

Question 7. A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards the normal or away from the normal ? Why ? Answer: The ray of light bends towards the normal because the speed of light decreases when it goes from air (rarer medium) into water (denser medium).

Question 9. You are given kerosene, turpentine and water. In which of these does the light travel faster ? Answer: We know, v = c/n. Refractive index (n) of water is 1.333, whereas refractive index of kerosene is 1.44 and that of turpentine is 1.47. As refractive index of water is least, so speed of light in water is more than in kerosene and turpentine. Hence, light travels faster in water.

Question 11. Define 1 dioptre of power of a lens. Answer: Power = I/f (in m). Power of a lens is 1 dioptre if focal length of the lens is 1 metre or 100 cm.

NCERT Chapter End Exercises

Question 1. Which one of the following materials cannot be tised to make a lens 1 (a) water (b) glass (c) plastic (d) clay. Answer: (d). This is because clay is opaque (i.e. light cannot pass through it).

Question 2. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object ? (a) between the principal focus and the centre of curvature (b) at the centre of curvature (c) beyond the centre of curvature (d) between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus. Answer: (d).

Question 3. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object ? (Bihar Board 2012) (a) at the principal focus of the lens (b) at twice the focal length (c) at infinity (d) between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus. Answer: (b).

Question 4. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of — 15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be (a) both are concave (b) both are convex (c) the mirror is concave and the lens is convex (d) the mirror is convex but the lens is concave. Answer: (a).

Question 5. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be (a) plane only (b) concave only (c) convex only (d) either plane or convex. Answer: (d).

Question 6. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary ? (a) a convex lens of focal length 50 cm (b) a concave lens of focal length 50 cm (c) a convex lens of focal length 5 cm (d) a concave lens of focal length 5 cm. Answer: (c). Magnifying power of a reading glass (Convex lens) = 1/f.

Question 7. We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror ? What is the nature of the image ? Is the image larger or smaller than the object ? Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case. Answer: A concave mirror produces an erect image if the object is placed between the pole and the focus of the concave mirror. Thus, object may be placed at any position whose distance is less than 15 cm from the concave mirror. The image is virtual and erect. The image is larger than the object. For a ray diagram, see figure 24.

Question 8. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations : (a) head lights of a car (b) side rear view mirror of a vehicle (c) solar furnace. Support your answer with reason. (CBSE 2012, 2013) Answer: (a) Concave mirror. When a bulb is placed at the focus of a concave mirror, then the beam of light from the bulb after reflection from the concave mirror goes as a parallel beam which lights up the front road. (b) Convex mirror. Image formed by a convex mirror is erect and small in size. The field of view behind the vehicle is large. (c) Concave mirror. Concave mirror focuses rays of light coming from the sun at its focus. So, the temperature at the focus is raised.

Practical Skills Based Questions (2 Marks)

Get 100 percent accurate NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 (Light Reflection and Refraction) explained by expert Science teachers. We provide step by step solutions for the questions given in Class 10 Science textbook as per CBSE Board guidelines from the latest NCERT book for Class 10 Science. The topics and sub-topics in  Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

• 10.1 REFLECTION OF LIGHT
• 10.2 SPHERICAL MIRRORS
• 10.2.1 Image Formation by Spherical Mirrors
• 10.2.2 Representation of Images Formed by Spherical Mirrors Using Ray Diagrams
• 10.2.3 Sign Convention for Reflection by Spherical Mirrors
• 10.2.4 Mirror Formula and Magnification
• 10.3 REFRACTION OF LIGHT
• 10.3.1 Refraction through a Rectangular Glass Slab
• 10.3.2 The Refractive Index
• 10.3.3 Refraction by Spherical Lenses
• 10.3.4 Image Formation by Lenses
• 10.3.5 Image Formation in Lenses Using Ray Diagrams
• 10.3.6 Sign Convention for Spherical Lenses
• 10.3.7 Lens Formula and Magnification
• 10.3.8 Power of a Lens.

We cover all exercises in the chapter given below:-

• EXERCISE 10.1 – 4 Questions with Solutions
• EXERCISE 10.2 – 2 Questions with Solutions
• EXERCISE 10.3 – 5 Questions with Solutions
• EXERCISE 10.4 – 3 Questions with Solutions
• EXERCISE 10.5 – 17 Questions with Solutions.

Download the free PDF of Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction or save the solution images and take the print out to keep it handy for your exam preparation.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10: Light Reflection and Refraction

Ncert solutions class 10 science chapter 10 – cbse free pdf download.

* According to the CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, this chapter has been renumbered as Chapter 9.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction is structured in a way to present a comprehensible coverage of scientific topics related to our daily life. Basic science has been laid out to students with no sharp divisions in disciplines such as Physics, Chemistry and Biology. NCERT is accepted and recommended throughout schools in the nation. Following are a few reasons to rely on NCERT Solutions :

• The tricky questions inserted between chapters force students to think out of the box and apply the concepts learned in the chapter.
• NCERT Solutions provide you with detailed solutions to the chapter questions that help you fetch marks in the CBSE exams.

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NCERT Solutions are popular among students, especially for Science and Mathematics. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 – Light Reflection and Refraction provided here consists of well-explained solutions to all the questions asked in the textbook. Get your hands on the comprehensive NCERT Solutions for Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction, here, for free!

• Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations
• Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts
• Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals
• Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds
• Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of Elements
• Chapter 6 Life Processes
• Chapter 7 Control and Coordination
• Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce?
• Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution
• Chapter 11 The Human Eye and Colourful World
• Chapter 12 Electricity
• Chapter 13 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
• Chapter 14 Sources of Energy
• Chapter 15 Our Environment
• Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

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Access Chapter-wise NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science – Light Reflection and Refraction

Questions Page: 168

1. Define the principal focus of a concave mirror.

Light rays that are parallel to the principal axis of a concave mirror converge at a specific point on its principal axis after reflecting from the mirror. This point is called the principal focus of the concave mirror.

2. The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20 cm. What is its focal length?

Radius of curvature (R) = 20 cm

Radius of curvature of the spherical mirror = 2 × Focal length (f)

f= R/2 = 20 / 2 = 10

Therefore, the focal length of the spherical mirror is 10 cm.

3. Name the mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object.

The mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object is a Concave Mirror.

4. Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles?

A convex mirror is preferred as a rear-view mirror in cars and vehicles as it gives a wider field of view, which helps the driver see most of the traffic behind him. Convex mirrors always form an erect, virtual, and diminished image of the objects placed in front of it.

Page No: 171

1. Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm.

Radius of curvature (R) = 32 cm

Radius of curvature = 2 × Focal length (f)

f = R/2 = 32/2 = 16

Therefore, the focal length of the given convex mirror is 16 cm.

2. A concave mirror produces three times magnified (enlarged) real image of an object placed at 10 cm in front of it. Where is the image located?

Magnification produced by a spherical mirror:

Object distance (u) = – 10 cm

v = 3 × (- 10) = – 30 cm

Therefore, the negative sign indicates that an inverted image is formed in front of the given concave mirror at a distance of 30 cm.

Page No: 176

1. A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards the normal or away from the normal? Why?

The light ray bends towards the normal. When a light ray enters from an optically rarer medium (which has a low refractive index) to an optically denser medium (which has a high refractive index), its speed slows down and bends towards the normal. As water is optically denser than air, a ray of light entering from air into water will bend towards the normal.

2. Light enters from air to glass, having a refractive index 1.50. What is the speed of light in the glass? The speed of light in vacuum is 3 x 10 8 ms -1 .

Refractive index of a medium (nm) = Speed of light in vacuum/Speed of light in the medium

Speed of light in vacuum (c) = 3 × 10 8 m/s

Refractive index of glass (ng) = 1.50

Speed of light in the glass (v) = Speed of light in vacuum/ Refractive index of glass

=3 × 10 8 /1.50 = 2x 10 8 ms -1 .

3. Find out, from the table, the medium having the highest optical density. Also, find the medium with the lowest optical density.

	1.0003	Canada Balsam	1.53
	1.31	–	–
	1.33	Rock salt	1.54
	1.36	–	–
	1.44	Carbon disulphide	1.63
	1.46	Dense flint glass	1.65
	1.47	Ruby	1.71
	1.50	Sapphire	1.77
	1.52	Diamond	2.42

Lowest optical density = Air

Highest optical density = Diamond

The optical density of a medium is directly related to its refractive index. A medium with the highest refractive index will have the highest optical density and vice-versa.

It can be observed from the table that air and diamond, respectively have the lowest and highest refractive index. Hence, air has the lowest optical density and diamond has the highest optical density.

4. You are given kerosene, turpentine and water. In which of these does the light travel fastest? Use the information given in the table.

Light travels faster in water as compared to kerosene & turpentine, as the refractive index of water is lower than that of kerosene and turpentine. The speed of light is inversely proportional to the refractive index.

5. The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this statement?

A diamond has a refractive index of 2.42, which means that the speed of light in a diamond will reduce by a factor of 2.42 as compared to its speed in the air.

In other words, the speed of light in a diamond is 1/2.42 times the speed of light in a vacuum.

Page No: 184

1. Define 1 dioptre of power of a lens.

Dioptre is the SI unit of power of lens is denoted by the letter D. 1 dioptre can be defined as the power of a lens of focal length 1 metre.

2. A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50 cm from it. Where is the needle placed in front of the convex lens if the image is equal to the size of the object? Also, find the power of the lens.

The position of the image should be at 2F since the image is real and the same size.

It is given that the image of the needle is formed at a distance of 50 cm from the convex lens. Therefore, the needle is placed in front of the lens at a distance of 50 cm.

Object distance (u) = – 50 cm

Image distance, (v) = 50 cm

Focal length = f

According to the lens formula,

3. Find the power of a concave lens of focal length 2 m.

The focal length of the concave lens (f) = 2 m

Power of lens (P) = 1/f = 1/ (-2) = -0.5D

Page No: 185

1. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens?

(c) Plastic

Answer –

(d) Clay cannot be used to make a lens because if the lens is made up of clay, the light rays cannot pass through it

2. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object?

(a) Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature

(b) At the centre of curvature

(c) Beyond the centre of curvature

(d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.

(d) The position of the object should be between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.

3. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object?

(a) At the principal focus of the lens

(b) At twice the focal length

(c) At infinity

(d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus.

(b) The object should be placed at twice the focal length

4. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have a focal length of -15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be

(a) both concave

(b) both convex

(c) the mirror is concave, and the lens is convex

(d) the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave

(a) Both are likely to be concave.

Page No: 186

5. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be

(b) concave

(d) either plane or convex

(d) The mirrors are likely to be either plane or convex

6. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary?

(a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm

(b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm

(c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm

(d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm

(c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm can be used while reading small letters found in a dictionary

7. We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror? What is the nature of the image? Is the image larger or smaller than the object? Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case.

Range of the distance of the object = 0 to 15 cm from the pole of the mirror.

Nature of the image = virtual, erect, and larger than the object.

8. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations.

(a) Headlights of a car

(b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle

(c) Solar furnace

Support your answer with a reason.

(a) Concave Mirror: Concave mirrors can produce a powerful parallel beam of light when the light source is placed at their principal focus.

(b) Convex Mirror: Because of its largest field of view.

(c) Concave Mirror: Because it concentrates the parallel rays of the sun at a principal focus.

9. One-half of a convex lens is covered with black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of the object? Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your observations.

Yes, it will produce a complete image of the object, as shown in the figure. This can be verified experimentally by observing the image of a distant object, like a tree on a screen, when the lower half of the lens is covered with black paper. However, the intensity or brightness of the image will reduce.

10. An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and nature of the image formed.

Height of the object, h 0 = 5 cm

Distance of the object from converging lens, u = -25 cm

Focal length of a converging lens, f = 10 cm

Using the lens formula,

Thus, the image is inverted and formed at a distance of 16.7 cm behind the lens and measures 3.3 cm. The ray diagram is shown below.

11. A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram.

Focal length of concave lens (OF 1 ), f = – 15 cm

Image distance, v= – 10 cm

The negative value of u indicates that the object is placed 30 cm in front of the lens. This is shown in the following ray diagram.

12. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Find the position and nature of the image.

Focal length of convex mirror (f) = +15 cm

According to the mirror formula,

The image is located at a distance of 6 cm from the mirror on the other side of the mirror.

The positive and a value of less than 1 magnification indicates that the image formed is virtual, erect, and diminished.

13. The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean?

The positive sign means an image formed by a plane mirror is virtual and erect. Since the magnification is 1, it means that the size of the image is equal to the size of the object.

14. An object 5 cm is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a convex mirror of radius of curvature 30 cm. Find the position, nature and size of the image.

Object distance (u) = – 20 cm

Object height (h) = 5 cm

Radius of curvature (R) = 30 cm

Radius of curvature = 2 × Focal length

The positive value of image height indicates that the image formed is erect.

Hence, the image formed is erect, virtual, and smaller in size.

15. An object of size 7.0 cm is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 18 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed so that a sharply focused image can be obtained? Find the size and nature of the image.

Object distance (u) = – 27 cm

Object height (h) = 7 cm

Focal length (f) = – 18 cm

The negative value of image height indicates that the image formed is inverted.

16. Find the focal length of a lens of power -2.0 D. What type of lens is this?

Power of lens (P) = 1/f

f = -1/2 = -0.5 m

A concave lens has a negative focal length. Therefore, it is a concave lens.

17. A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal length of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging?

f = 1/1.5 = 10/15 = 0.66 m

A convex lens has a positive focal length. Therefore, it is a convex lens or a converging lens.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 10 – Light Reflection and Refraction

Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction are one of the important chapters in Class 10 Science, and the expected marks weightage of the chapter, according to the latest marking scheme is 7 marks. In Chapter 10 of Class 10 Science, students will get well-versed in light phenomena such as refraction and reflection. One will learn about spherical mirrors, image formation and to draw ray diagrams.

Topics covered in this chapter:

• Reflection of Light
• Spherical Mirrors
• Image Formation by Spherical Mirrors
• Representation of Images Formed by Spherical Mirrors Using Ray Diagram – 4 Questions (2 short, 2 long)
• Mirror Formula and Magnification – 2 Questions (2 Numerical)
• Refraction of Light – 5 Questions (1 numerical, 2 Long answers and 1 Short answer)
• Power of Lens – 3 Questions (2 Short answers and 1 numerical)

Have you ever wondered what makes things visible to us? The answer to the question is light. During the day, it is sunlight that helps us see objects. When light falls on an object, it reflects. This reflected ray, when received by our eyes, helps us see things. Numerous wonderful phenomena are associated with light, such as the formation of the rainbow, of stars, and many more. In Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction of Class 10 Science, let us study the phenomena of refraction and reflection using straight-line propagation of light. We shall also try to understand the reflection of light by spherical mirrors in this chapter using the NCERT Solutions from BYJU’S.

Key Features of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 – Light Reflection and Refraction:

• Provides comprehensive answers to all the questions asked in the chapter
• The language used is lucid and can be understood by all
• The information provided is genuine and appropriate
• These solutions can be referred for CBSE exams, Olympiads and other competitive exams
• Concise answers are provided to help students understand better

Frequently Asked Questions on NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10

Is the byju’s ncert solutions for class 10 science chapter 10 available in pdf format, what are the uses of referring to byju’s ncert solutions for class 10 science chapter 10, what are the topics covered in the ncert solutions for class 10 science light reflection and refraction, and how many questions are present under each of them, leave a comment cancel reply.

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Case Based Questions Test: Light- Reflection & Refraction - 1 - Class 10 MCQ

10 questions mcq test - case based questions test: light- reflection & refraction - 1, following figure illustrates the ray diagram for the formation of images by a concave mirror. the position of the object is beyond the centre of curvature of the concave mirror. on the basis of given diagram, answer the questions. if the focal length of the concave mirror is 10 cm, the image formed will be at a distance ___________..

• A. Between 10cm and 15cm
• B. Between 10cm and 20cm
• C. Beyond 20cm
• D. At 20 cm

Following figure illustrates the ray diagram for the formation of images by a concave mirror. The position of the object is beyond the centre of curvature of the concave mirror. On the basis of given diagram, answer the questions. If the size of the object in the given figure is 5 cm and the magnification produced is –0.5. The size of the image is (in cm) ___________

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Following figure illustrates the ray diagram for the formation of images by a concave mirror. The position of the object is beyond the centre of curvature of the concave mirror. On the basis of given diagram, answer the questions. An image formed by concave mirror is virtual, when the object is placed:

• A. at infinity
• C. Between C and F
• D. Between P and F

Read the following passage and answer the questions.

A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on the walls of the school laboratory by using a mirror.

At what distance, in terms of focal length ‘f’ of the mirror, should he place the candle flame to get the magnified image on the wall ?

• B. Between F and C
• D. At infinity

(ii) In order to form a diminished image on the wall, the candle flame should be placed at a distance greater than 2F from the lens.

If the image formed by this mirror is inverted and real, the magnification will be:

• A. Positive
• B. Negative
• C. Either of them
• D. None of the above

A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on a screen 30 cm in front of a mirror by keeping the flame at a distance of 15 cm from its pole.

Suggest the type of mirror he should use:

• A. convex mirror
• B. plane mirror
• C. concave mirror
• D. none of the above

When object distance is less than focal length the image is _______ and when object distance is more than focal length the image is ______.

• A. real, real
• B. virtual. Virtual
• C. real, virtual
• D. virtual, real

The image formed in the above case is:

real , inverted and magnified

real, erect and magnified

virtual, inverted and magnified.

real, erect and diminished

A real image occurs where rays converge, whereas a virtual image occurs where rays only appear to diverge. Real images can be produced by concave mirrors and converging lenses, only if the object is placed further away from the mirror/lens than the focal point, and this real image is inverted.

Read the passage and note the following observations. Answer the questions.

A student focussed the image of a candle flame on a white screen by placing the flame at various distances from a convex lens. He noted his observations as:

Which set of observations is incorrect and why?

• A. Object distance can not be smaller than image distance
• B. Image should form at 15cm only
• C. Image should form at infinity
• D. Object is kept at optical centre

(b) The observation (v) is incorrect. For this observation u = 15 = /, i.eThe object is at the focus and the image must be formed at infinity and not 70 cm.

(c) Since m = v/u , the size of the image will be equal to the size of the object, if v = u i.e., for the observation (iii).

What is the change in image observed as the object is moved from infinity towards the concave lens?

• A. Size of image decreases
• B. Size of image becomes highly diminished
• C. Size of the image remains unchanged
• D. Size of the image increases slightly

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Download HOTS Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

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[PDF] Download HOTS Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Here we are providing HOTS Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science . In this article, we are providing HOTS Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction . Students are suggested to go through all chapter HOTS Questions for better understanding and exam preparation.

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What is ‘HOTS Questions’ in CBSE?

HOTS stands for “Higher Order Thinking Skills”. HOTS questions are designed to test a student’s ability to think beyond just rote memorization and recall of information. These questions require the student to apply, analyze, synthesize, and evaluate information in order to arrive at a solution or answer.

Features of HOTS Question in CBSE Class 10 Science

Requires higher-level thinking: HOTS questions require students to apply, analyze, synthesize, and evaluate information to arrive at a solution or answer. This requires a higher level of thinking and understanding, beyond just rote memorization and recall of information.

Requires interpretation and analysis of data: HOTS questions often involve analyzing and interpreting data, making connections between different concepts, and formulating hypotheses.

Complex: HOTS questions are often complex and require the student to think deeply about the problem at hand. They may involve multiple steps or require the student to use different types of information or knowledge to arrive at a solution or answer.

Real-world application: HOTS questions are designed to assess a student’s ability to apply their knowledge in real-world situations. They may involve scenarios that students are likely to encounter in their future academic or professional careers.

Emphasizes critical thinking and problem-solving skills: HOTS questions require the student to use critical thinking and problem-solving skills to arrive at a solution or answer. These skills are important for success in higher education and in the workplace.

Overall, HOTS questions are designed to test a student’s ability to think beyond just rote memorization and recall of information, and to apply their knowledge in real-world situations. By practicing these types of questions, students can develop their higher-order thinking skills and be better prepared for success in higher education and in the workplace.

Importance of Solving HOTS Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science

HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) questions in CBSE Class 10 Science are important because they require students to apply their knowledge and understanding of concepts in a more complex and analytical way. HOTS questions are designed to evaluate students’ ability to analyze, synthesize, and evaluate information, rather than simply recall information.

In the CBSE Class 10 Science exam, HOTS questions can appear in both the objective and subjective sections of the paper. These questions typically require students to think critically and apply their knowledge in real-world situations. They may involve analyzing and interpreting data, making connections between different concepts, and formulating hypotheses.

By practicing HOTS questions, students can develop their critical thinking and problem-solving skills, which are essential for success in higher education and in the workplace. HOTS questions also help students to better understand the subject matter and to develop a deeper appreciation for the scientific process.

Therefore, it is important for CBSE Class 10 Science students to focus on HOTS questions and practice them regularly in order to excel in their exams and develop valuable skills for their future.

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