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DRS2020 Research Papers
Human-centered AI: The role of Human-centered Design Research in the development of AI
Jan Auernhammer , Stanford University, United States of America
Artificial Intelligence has the tremendous potential to produce progress and innovation in society. Designing AI for people has been expressed as essential for societal well-being and the common good. However, human-centered is often used generically without any commitment to a philosophy or overarching approach. This paper outlines different philosophical perspectives and several Human-centered Design approaches and discusses their contribution to the development of Artificial Intelligence. The paper argues that humanistic design research should play a vital role in the pan-disciplinary collaboration with technologists and policymakers to mitigate the impact of AI. Ultimately, Human-centered Artificial Intelligence incorporates involving people and designing Artificial Intelligence systems for people through a genuine human-centered philosophy and approach.
Human-Centered; Artificial Intelligence; Design Research; Ethics
https://doi.org/10.21606/drs.2020.282
Auernhammer, J. (2020) Human-centered AI: The role of Human-centered Design Research in the development of AI, in Boess, S., Cheung, M. and Cain, R. (eds.), Synergy - DRS International Conference 2020 , 11-14 August, Held online. https://doi.org/10.21606/drs.2020.282
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200 Benefits and Challenges of Human-Centered Design: Perspectives from Research Teams
Marie norman, megan e hamm, yael schenker, colleen a mayowski, william hierholzer, doris m rubio, steven e reis.
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Collection date 2022 Apr.
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The use of Human Centered Design (HCD) to improve the quality of team science is a recent application, and HCDs benefits and challenges have not been rigorously evaluated. We conducted a qualitative study with health sciences researchers trained in HCD methods to determine how they applied HCD methods and perceived its benefits and challenges. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The University of Pittsburgh offered HCD training to three cohorts of research scientists (staff as well as faculty) over a three-year period. The training was provided by the LUMA Institute, a premier HCD design firm with a highly regarded training program. We then evaluated this training by conducting 1-hour, semi-structured interviews with trainees from three training cohorts. Interviews focused on perceptions of the training, subsequent uses of HCD, barriers and facilitators, and perceptions of the utility of HCD to science teams. Data analysis was conducted using Braun and Clarkes process for thematic analysis. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We interviewed 18 researchers (nine faculty and nine staff) trained in HCD methods and identified distinct themes regarding HCD use and its perceived benefits and challenges. Trainees found HCD relevant to research teams for stakeholder engagement, research design, project planning, meeting facilitation, and team management. They also described benefits of HCD in five distinct areas: creativity, egalitarianism, structure, efficiency, and visibility. We also identified challenges, including tensions between HCD approaches and academic culture. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Our data suggest that HCD has the potential to help researchers work more inclusively and collaboratively on interdisciplinary teams and generate more innovative and impactful science. The application of HCD methods is not without challenges; however, we believe these challenges can be overcome with institutional investment.
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