what is the difference between an ma and an mfa in creative writing

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Creative Writing: MA vs. MFA

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Understanding the Numbers When reviewing job growth and salary information, it’s important to remember that actual numbers can vary due to many different factors — like years of experience in the role, industry of employment, geographic location, worker skill and economic conditions. Cited projections do not guarantee actual salary or job growth.

If you're the kind of person who loves the nuances of the English language, you know how the omission or addition of a single word can change the meaning of a phrase. As you're weighing which creative writing programs you want to apply to, your decision may come down to the difference of one word: Do you want to earn a Master of Arts or a Master of Fine Arts? At first glance, it seems as if these two creative writing degree paths would be the same, but each provides a different focus of study and opportunities for building your career.

Creative Writing Graduate Programs

Once you've reached the decision to move forward with your creative writing education, you need to choose which degree path is the right one for you. The specifics of what you want to learn, the skills you want to add to your toolbox and the expectations you have for your future are all factors you want to consider when determining whether an MA or MFA will best suit your needs.

Earning an MA In Creative Writing

The master's in creative writing differs from the creative writing MFA in several ways. First is the time consideration - the amount of credits required for an MA in creative writing is less than that of an MFA. Academically, courses in this program push beyond lessons in creative writing and include courses focused on studying literature and literary theory. Along with learning the craft of storytelling, you'll have the opportunity to develop your analytical skills while you study the various lenses through which you can view a work of literature. You'll also study how sentences are structured and how words in the English language have changed over time.

Earning an MFA In Creative Writing

The MFA degree path is for writers who are focused on honing their craft with the purpose of becoming a professional writer or novelist. By the end of your MFA program, you should have completed a polished manuscript. An MFA also "emphasizes the skills needed to build and sustain a full-time writing career in a modern gig-economy," Dr. Sharon Califano , associate dean of programs for creative writing and literature at Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU), said. "Students develop a range of skills and strategies for maintaining a professional identity as a writer."

The coursework explores the different services and roles of writers entering the publishing field, including the business of writing and the role of digitization in publishing. To succeed in publishing in the digital age, MFA students must learn how to use social media and build a platform. With reference to SNHU's new online MFA, Califano said, "This MFA program is designed to give students the business skills that both help to develop an audience for their work and support career aspirations in areas such as marketing, publishing, content writing, teaching and freelancing."

Creative Writing Concentrations

Knowing what you want to write can help determine whether an MA or MFA in creative writing is the right path for you. MA and MFA degree paths offer a variety of form and genre concentrations to choose from, such as:

Fiction and Nonfiction - Many MFA programs have two form paths, fiction and creative nonfiction, while MA programs more frequently offer screenwriting and poetry.
Screenwriting - In some programs, the screenwriting concentration is still called playwrighting. If you intend to write for television, film or the stage, this concentration teaches the structure and flow of a script.
Poetry - A master's of creative writing in poetry will require you to learn structure, tone and rhythm and analyze the work of renowned poets. An MFA in poetry requires a student be able to appraise a poem's composition and larger meaning while also understanding the significance in their own art as they grow as a poet.
Genre Fiction - This category includes anything not included in literary fiction. MA or MFA programs may include concentrations in young adult, romance, mystery or speculative fiction. Speculative fiction includes science fiction, fantasy and writing focused on elements of the supernatural.

The Different MFA Programs

While an MA in Creative Writing follows the traditional and online avenues for earning your degree, there are three ways to earn your MFA.

Low-residency - In a low-residency MFA, such as the Mountainview MFA program , you'll spend around two weeks in-residence with faculty and students twice a year, and the rest of the time, you'll work from home.
Online - With some programs, you have the opportunity to earn your MFA entirely online. The expectations are the same, but you're able to continue working full-time if necessary while you complete your degree.

You may also have the option of earning a certification along with your MFA, such as a teaching certification for creative writing.

Careers In Creative Writing

Creative writing is a skill necessary in many fields. The career that best suits your skills and experience may not be in a line of work you expected. Your proficiencies in editing, crafting a narrative and expert language usage can be important in areas ranging from marketing to public relations.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) report for 2017 showed the following expectations for creative writing careers:

Median salary : $61,820 per year, BLS reports*
Growth through 2026 : 8%, BLS reports*
Median salary : $70,930 per year, BLS reports*
Growth through 2026 : 11%, BLS reports*
Median salary : $129,380 per year, BLS reports*
Growth through 2026 : 10%, BLS reports*
Median salary: $59,300 per year, BLS reports*
Growth through 2026: 9%, BLS reports*
Median salary : $76,000 per year, BLS reports*
Growth through 2026: 15%, BLS reports*

*Cited job growth projections may not reflect local and/or short-term economic or job conditions and do not guarantee actual job growth. Actual salaries and/or earning potential may be the result of a combination of factors including, but not limited to: years of experience, industry of employment, geographic location, and worker skill.

Ashley Wallis is an Army veteran and writer with a BA in English Language and Literature from SNHU. She is currently living in the Denver area. Find her on twitter @AshDWallis.

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What is the difference between an MA and an MFA?

Whether you are an aspiring novelist, contemporary dancer, or prolific painter, pursuing an MA or MFA is a wonderful way to deepen your artistic practice and gain access to a valuable creative community. But how do you know which type of graduate programs is right for you? This largely depends on your goals as a creator and professional.

What is an ma and mfa degree.

Let’s start with the basics:

MA stands for Master of Arts and typically consists of 120 course credits, which can be completed over the course of 1 year (full time) or 2 years (part time).

MFA stands for Master of Fine Art and typically requires around 150 credits; for this reason, an MFA usually takes longer to complete than an MA.

Ready to start your journey to a top MA or MFA school? Crimson Education is the world’s leading admissions consulting company helping students all over the world get into their dream schools. Our Graduate Admissions Consulting Program provides top-tier consulting for admission to US & UK graduate and doctoral programs. Book a free consultation to learn more!

MA vs MFA Main Differences To Consider

1. broad v narrow focus.

As a current MA student, I would describe the main difference between the two degrees as broad v narrow focus. MA degrees can be interdisciplinary and cover a wide range of humanities subjects and/or artistic disciplines. For example, my program at Plymouth College of Art is an MA in Creative Education and allows me to collaborate with students and staff from all over campus: ceramics, painting, education, glass etc. For this reason, MAs are also more broadly applied in terms of career options post-graduation. With an MA, I can work in education, arts administration, curation, or craft.

MFAs on the other hand usually require students to focus on a specific discipline , such as dance, performance, creative writing, metal work etc. MFA students are asked to deep dive into their chosen craft and spend their MFA creating as much self-directed work as possible.

2. Research v Artistic Development

MA programs also tend to be more research-oriented and ask students to base their practice in theory. This requires MA students to spend a significant amount of time reading and writing, rather than only working on their making practice.

MFA programs, however, lean more toward the making . These programs are designed to develop students’ individual artistic skills and practices, allowing them to focus solely on their craft over the course of their program; this culminates in an exhibit and/or final show that demonstrates the MFA graduates’ skills to the wider community.

Broadly speaking, it is also worth keeping in mind that MFAs tend to carry more weight in the professional world . The U.S. News & World Report reported in 2018 that artists with MFAs are more likely to have their work shown in LA galleries than their MA counterparts.

That being said, I would argue that a program’s alumni network and partner programs are just as important as the acclaim attached to the degree title itself. A big part of any post-graduate program is the connections you make with fellow professionals in your field; these are the people that will hire you, connect you with opportunities, and have your back as you move into the industry. Whether you are in an MA or MFA (or another grad program altogether) be sure to prioritize these professional connections.

Frequently Asked Questions About MA and MFA Programs

Do i need a bachelor of fine art to get accepted into an ma or mfa.

No! Most MA/MFA programs, though it varies depending on the country, accept students with any relevant bachelor’s degree - they just require that you have a bachelor’s. The most important part of your application to an MA or MFA program is

how you articulate your goals in your personal statement and
your portfolio. Most MA/MFA programs will require a portfolio of your work, which you can create inside or outside of a bachelor’s program. This can include: digital art, writing samples, painting, fashion designs, drawings, music, videos etc.

The sky's the limit! Just make sure you include the work you are most proud of!

Are MFAs much harder to get into than an MA?

Yes and no. It depends on the school. Especially if you are considering MA/MFA programs all over the world, admissions rates are hugely varied. Some programs, like Yale or NYU, are notoriously competitive. For example, NYU graduate programs accept about 2.5% of applications; this is true for their MA and MFA programs.

In general, MFAs are probably slightly more competitive . But keep in mind that there are also dual-degree programs: programs that allow you to complete your MA and MFA in 2-3 years. Additionally, there are schools that allow MA students to jump straight into their MFA after completing their MA. Both options are clever ways to avoid the full MFA application process.

Lastly, there are many MA/MFA programs that accept applications on a first come first serve basis. Most schools are invested in accepting interesting, hard-working applicants, rather than people with exceptional technical skills.

Do I need to have work experience in the arts industry / exhibition experience to get into an MA/MFA?

No! Speaking from experience, neither are required to be accepted into a program. You do, however, need pieces for your portfolio. This means that while you may not have worked in the industry or exhibited, you do need to show evidence of your work - whether that be writing samples or illustrations. In my case, all my pieces were compositions I had worked on at home during quarantine.

I hope this was helpful in giving you more insight into MA/MFA programs! Look out for our next post: “Day in the life of a Master of Arts student.”

For more information regarding MA or MFA degrees, check out our Graduate Admissions Consulting Program or book a free consultation with one of our expert admissions advisors !

About the Author

Tressa is a current student pursuing an MA in Creative Education at Plymouth College of Art

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What’s the Difference between an MA and MFA, and Which is Best for You?

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If you’re considering graduate school, you’ve probably seen programs labeled as MAs or MFAs. Both are graduate-level degrees, but they have some key differences. In today’s blog, we’ll dive into the differences between MA and MFA programs so you can determine which degree is best for you.

What do MA and MFA stand for?

MA stands for Master of Arts. MFA stands for Master of Fine Arts. An MFA is considered a terminal degree, meaning it is the highest possible level of education for certain fields.

Who can apply to MA and MFA programs?

Both MA and MFA programs require applicants to hold an undergraduate degree. Depending upon the school and program, your undergraduate degree may need to be related to the graduate program you’re applying for.

For example, some film MFA programs may require applicants to hold an undergraduate degree in film or a related artistic field. Other times, you can have an undergraduate degree unrelated to the MA or MFA you’re applying for. For example, you don’t need a writing or English undergraduate degree to apply to Emerson’s Creative Writing MFA.

All of Emerson’s graduate programs take a holistic approach to admissions , meaning that we consider application essays, professional or volunteer experiences, etc., not exclusively your undergraduate major and GPA.

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How are the curricula different?

Generally, MAs have fewer credit requirements than MFAs. As such, most MA programs take two years to complete, while MFAs often take more time.

Additionally, the focus of each program is different. The curriculum in an MA typically focuses on analyzing a particular field of art. For example, a film MA program might focus more on analyzing films and reading critical film essays, rather than creating new films. Many MA programs have thesis requirements, where students demonstrate the analytical skills they have gained from the program by researching and writing about a topic related to their field of study.

In contrast, MFA programs typically help students refine their craft. There may be a research component of an MFA, but the majority of the curriculum focuses on helping students advance as artists. For example, if a student pursues an MFA in film , they will primarily work on refining their craft as a filmmaker, more so than studying existing films.

What can you use an MA or MFA for?

An MA is a good option for students who are interested in academia. Because MA programs focus on analysis and critical writing, MA graduates often pursue teaching or research in their field of study. Some graduates may seek teaching certification to teach at the K-12 level. Others may choose to teach at the university level. Some MA graduates may apply for PhD programs to gain more competitive teaching positions or establish themselves as researchers. MA graduates could also apply for an MFA program, choosing to use their theoretical knowledge from the MA to help them refine their craft in an MFA.

MFAs focus on creating strong practicing artists, so graduates typically pursue their craft full-time after graduation. Professors in MFA programs are typically artists themselves, which allows students to network with them and learn about their artistic industry. Plus, because an MFA is a terminal degree, earning this title can help students gain respect in their field. Once they’ve gained experience in their field, MFA graduates can also choose to teach at the university level.

Can I get financial aid for an MA or MFA?

Both MA and MFA students are eligible for school-specific, federal, and private financial aid. When you apply for an Emerson graduate program, we automatically consider you for financial aid, so there is no extra application needed. Most schools offer both need-based and merit-based financial aid. Need-based aid is based on your financial situation, and merit-based aid is based on your professional or academic potential.

By completing the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) , students can also gain federal financial aid. To learn more about different types of federal aid, visit the Federal Student Aid website .

In addition to school-specific and federal aid options, graduate students can find their own private scholarships and loan options. Just be cautious about potential scams when applying for private aid. Hopefully, today’s blog has helped clarify the similarities and differences between MA and MFA programs. For more help deciding whether an MA or MFA is the best fit for you, schedule a call with one of our admissions counselors. To keep up with Emerson’s MA and MFA students, be sure to follow us on Instagram , Threads , and Facebook .

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Olivia Wachtel

Writing Assistant

Olivia is a second-year student in Emerson's Communication Disorders MS program. Originally from Ohio, she is loving Emerson and city life. When she's not writing for the Grad Life blog, she loves to read, bake, and crochet.

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Choosing a Degree: MFA vs. MA

I am considering studying English at the graduate level at an accredited university. I am currently taking an online English Literature course with a school of journalism, which I am enjoying. I hold a Masters in Psychology and am a clinician working at a psych institute. I am using poetry as a medium for change and healing. I am also a published songwriter and am also writing prose–short stories–when I have the time.

My quandary: do I take a Masters in English Literature, or get an MFA in creative writing. They both have their pros and cons. I would also like to teach (later on that is, when I am semi-retired, won’t be long now.) Ultimately, I wish to write, teach, get the most out of my efforts, also would like to challenge myself and improve my English, literature and poetry knowledge and skills. Sorry to be so long winded.

Yours is a dilemma many students of English face: whether to undertake a Master of Arts in English Literature or a Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writing. The two programs have very different emphases and lead in different career directions. The MA in English provides an academic education in English literature and trains students in literary analysis. The MFA is an applied arts degree that offers a formal environment for students to create and workshop their own creative writing. If you wish to combine both creative writing and literary study in one degree, look for a MA in English with a concentration in Creative Writing, or a MA/MFA program.

To Teach…

Either degree may qualify you to teach at the community college or secondary school level, but the MA in English lends itself more to teaching. MA programs not only cover the standard English literature curriculum, but they also provide teacher training in the form of pedagogy classes, lecture opportunities, and teaching assistant positions. MFA graduates typically focus on publishing their creative writing, and teach the craft of writing as a secondary source of income once they establish themselves as authors or poets. The MFA program does not cover the knowledge pertinent to a secondary or associate level curriculum, so you would likely have to supplement your MFA training in order to teach academic English courses.

To Create…

If developing your own creative writing is your true passion, however, the MFA is your best bet. The MFA will not only give you access to the pooled wisdom of the (published!) faculty and your talented classmates, but also offer the networking opportunities and insider information so crucial to getting published. A straight MA in English, by contrast, will give you no formal opportunity to create your own fiction–instead, you’ll be studying and writing critical essays about other people’s fiction.

To Heal…

The intriguing third ambition you mention–applying poetry as a healing medium for psychology patients–features a less straightforward educational path. How do you foresee using poetry? If you intend to teach patients to express themselves through the craft of creative writing, the MFA could be more appropriate. If you intend to connect patients with the powerful expressions already available in great literature, then you will find an MA valuable. If you hope to draw on both the craft and the study of fiction to help your patients–and I expect this might be the case–then consider a combined MA/MFA program or Creative Writing concentration. You’re at an exciting crossroads, with many promising options. Best of luck in discovering the next stage in your career path, whether it’s as a scholar, author, healer, teacher… or all of the above!

Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writingm, Distance Education (MFA)

Go to programs search

Creative Writers are at the heart of our cultural industries. Poets, novelists, screenwriters, playwrights, graphic novelists, magazine writers: they entertain, inform and inspire. For more than 15 years, UBC's Creative Writing program has been educating writers through distance education in a program which complements our long-standing on-campus MFA program.

A studio program with the writing workshop at its heart, the distance MFA focuses on the work created by students as the primary text. Through intensive peer critique and craft discussion, faculty and students work together with the same goal: literary excellence.

The MFA granted to distance students is the same degree as granted to on-campus students, and the same criteria of excellence in multiple genres of study apply.

For specific program requirements, please refer to the departmental program website

What makes the program unique?

UBC's Optional-Residency (Distance) MFA was the first distance education MFA program in Canada and remains the only full MFA which can be taken completely online. It is designed to be uniquely flexible, allowing students across Canada and around the world to study writing at the graduate level while still living in their local communities and fulfilling career and family obligations.

The program is unique globally for its multi-genre approach to writing instruction: students are required to work in multiple genres during the course of the degree. As a fine arts program rather than an English program, students focus on the practice of writing rather than the study of literature. Students may work on a part-time basis, taking up to five years to complete the degree.

My time in the Creative writing grad program at UBC has given me the discipline and focus I need to complete long-form writing pieces and larger poetry projects.

Kwaku Darko-Mensah Jnr.

Quick Facts

Program enquiries, admission information & requirements, program instructions.

The optional residency MFA (distance) program only has a July intake.

1) Check Eligibility

Minimum academic requirements.

The Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies establishes the minimum admission requirements common to all applicants, usually a minimum overall average in the B+ range (76% at UBC). The graduate program that you are applying to may have additional requirements. Please review the specific requirements for applicants with credentials from institutions in:

Canada or the United States
International countries other than the United States

Each program may set higher academic minimum requirements. Please review the program website carefully to understand the program requirements. Meeting the minimum requirements does not guarantee admission as it is a competitive process.

English Language Test

Applicants from a university outside Canada in which English is not the primary language of instruction must provide results of an English language proficiency examination as part of their application. Tests must have been taken within the last 24 months at the time of submission of your application.

Minimum requirements for the two most common English language proficiency tests to apply to this program are listed below:

TOEFL: Test of English as a Foreign Language - internet-based

Overall score requirement : 90

IELTS: International English Language Testing System

Overall score requirement : 6.5

Other Test Scores

Some programs require additional test scores such as the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or the Graduate Management Test (GMAT). The requirements for this program are:

The GRE is not required.

2) Meet Deadlines

3) prepare application, transcripts.

All applicants have to submit transcripts from all past post-secondary study. Document submission requirements depend on whether your institution of study is within Canada or outside of Canada.

Letters of Reference

A minimum of three references are required for application to graduate programs at UBC. References should be requested from individuals who are prepared to provide a report on your academic ability and qualifications.

Statement of Interest

Many programs require a statement of interest , sometimes called a "statement of intent", "description of research interests" or something similar.

Supervision

Students in research-based programs usually require a faculty member to function as their thesis supervisor. Please follow the instructions provided by each program whether applicants should contact faculty members.

Instructions regarding thesis supervisor contact for Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writingm, Distance Education (MFA)

Citizenship verification.

Permanent Residents of Canada must provide a clear photocopy of both sides of the Permanent Resident card.

4) Apply Online

All applicants must complete an online application form and pay the application fee to be considered for admission to UBC.

Tuition & Financial Support

Fees	Canadian Citizen / Permanent Resident / Refugee / Diplomat	International
	$114.00	$168.25
Tuition *
Tuition per credit	$679.79	$1,322.47
Other Fees and Costs
Student Fees	Vary

Financial Support

Applicants to UBC have access to a variety of funding options, including merit-based (i.e. based on your academic performance) and need-based (i.e. based on your financial situation) opportunities.

Scholarships & awards (merit-based funding)

All applicants are encouraged to review the awards listing to identify potential opportunities to fund their graduate education. The database lists merit-based scholarships and awards and allows for filtering by various criteria, such as domestic vs. international or degree level.

Graduate Research Assistantships (GRA)

Many professors are able to provide Research Assistantships (GRA) from their research grants to support full-time graduate students studying under their supervision. The duties constitute part of the student's graduate degree requirements. A Graduate Research Assistantship is considered a form of fellowship for a period of graduate study and is therefore not covered by a collective agreement. Stipends vary widely, and are dependent on the field of study and the type of research grant from which the assistantship is being funded.

Graduate Teaching Assistantships (GTA)

Graduate programs may have Teaching Assistantships available for registered full-time graduate students. Full teaching assistantships involve 12 hours work per week in preparation, lecturing, or laboratory instruction although many graduate programs offer partial TA appointments at less than 12 hours per week. Teaching assistantship rates are set by collective bargaining between the University and the Teaching Assistants' Union .

Graduate Academic Assistantships (GAA)

Academic Assistantships are employment opportunities to perform work that is relevant to the university or to an individual faculty member, but not to support the student’s graduate research and thesis. Wages are considered regular earnings and when paid monthly, include vacation pay.

Financial aid (need-based funding)

Canadian and US applicants may qualify for governmental loans to finance their studies. Please review eligibility and types of loans .

All students may be able to access private sector or bank loans.

Foreign government scholarships

Many foreign governments provide support to their citizens in pursuing education abroad. International applicants should check the various governmental resources in their home country, such as the Department of Education, for available scholarships.

Working while studying

The possibility to pursue work to supplement income may depend on the demands the program has on students. It should be carefully weighed if work leads to prolonged program durations or whether work placements can be meaningfully embedded into a program.

International students enrolled as full-time students with a valid study permit can work on campus for unlimited hours and work off-campus for no more than 20 hours a week.

A good starting point to explore student jobs is the UBC Work Learn program or a Co-Op placement .

Tax credits and RRSP withdrawals

Students with taxable income in Canada may be able to claim federal or provincial tax credits.

Canadian residents with RRSP accounts may be able to use the Lifelong Learning Plan (LLP) which allows students to withdraw amounts from their registered retirement savings plan (RRSPs) to finance full-time training or education for themselves or their partner.

Please review Filing taxes in Canada on the student services website for more information.

Cost Estimator

Applicants have access to the cost estimator to develop a financial plan that takes into account various income sources and expenses.

Career Options

Graduates of the MFA program have found success in varied fields related to writing and communication. The MFA qualifies graduates for teaching at the university level and many graduates have gone on to teach at colleges and universities in Canada, the United States and overseas as well as holding writing residencies. Many publish books and win literary awards. Others go on to work in publishing, and graduates have become book and magazine editors.

Although the MFA is a terminal degree, some graduates go on to further study in PhD programs in the US, UK and Australia.

The Optional-Residency MFA is particularly well suited to teachers: our teacher-students have been able to gain an advanced degree while continuing their careers.

Research Supervisors

This list shows faculty members with full supervisory privileges who are affiliated with this program. It is not a comprehensive list of all potential supervisors as faculty from other programs or faculty members without full supervisory privileges can request approvals to supervise graduate students in this program.

Belcourt, Billy-Ray (Fiction; Nonfiction; Poetry)
French, Whitney (memory, loss, technology, and nature)
Hopkinson, Nalo (Creative writing, n.e.c.; Humanities and the arts; Creative Writing: Speculative Ficton, Fantasy, Science Fiction, especially Other Voices)
Irani, Anosh
Koncan, Frances
Leavitt, Sarah (Autobiographical comics; Formal experimentation in comics; Comics pedagogy)
Lee, Nancy (Fiction; Creative Writing)
Lyon, Annabel (Novels, stories and news)
Maillard, Keith (Fiction, poetry)
Marzano-Lesnevich, Alex (Nonfiction)
McGowan, Sharon (Planning of film productions from concept to completion)
Medved, Maureen (Fiction, writing for screen)
Nicholson, Cecily (Languages and literature; Poetry)
Ohlin, Alix (Fiction; Screenwriting; Environmental writing)
Pohl-Weary, Emily (Fiction; Writing for Youth)
Svendsen, Linda (Script development; Novels, stories and news; Writing for Television; Fiction)
Taylor, Timothy (fiction and nonfiction)
Vigna, John (Novels, stories and news; Fiction, Literary Non-Fiction, Creative Writing)

Related Programs

Same specialization.

Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writing (MFA)

Same Academic Unit

Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writing and Theatre (MFA)
Master of Fine Arts in Film Production and Creative Writing (MFA)

At the UBC Okanagan Campus

Master of Fine Arts (MFA)

Further Information

Specialization.

Creative Writing combines the best of traditional workshop and leading-edge pedagogy. Literary cross-training offers opportunities in a broad range of genres including fiction, poetry, screenplay, podcasting, video game writing and graphic novel.

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Departments/Programs may update graduate degree program details through the Faculty & Staff portal. To update contact details for application inquiries, please use this form .

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Professional writing - professional creative nonfiction writing - ma, admission requirements.

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Additional standards for international applicants.

For the 2025-2026 academic year

See 2024-2025 requirements instead

Fall 2025 quarter (beginning in September)

Final submission deadline: August 1, 2025

International submission deadline: May 5, 2025

Winter 2026 quarter (beginning in January)

Final submission deadline: November 21, 2025

International submission deadline: September 8, 2025

Spring 2026 quarter (beginning in March)

Final submission deadline: February 13, 2026

International submission deadline: December 8, 2025

Summer 2026 quarter (beginning in June)

Final submission deadline: May 1, 2026

International submission deadline: February 23, 2026

Final submission deadline: Applicants cannot submit applications after the final submission deadline.

Degrees and GPA Requirements

Bachelors degree: All graduate applicants must hold an earned baccalaureate from a regionally accredited college or university or the recognized equivalent from an international institution.

University GPA requirement: The minimum grade point average for admission consideration for graduate study at the University of Denver must meet one of the following criteria:

A cumulative 2.5 on a 4.0 scale for the baccalaureate degree.

A cumulative 2.5 on a 4.0 scale for the last 60 semester credits or 90 quarter credits (approximately two years of work) for the baccalaureate degree.

An earned master’s degree or higher from a regionally accredited institution or the recognized equivalent from an international institution supersedes the minimum GPA requirement for the baccalaureate.

A cumulative GPA of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale for all graduate coursework completed for applicants who have not earned a master’s degree or higher.

Official scores from the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL), International English Language Testing System (IELTS), C1 Advanced or Duolingo English Test are required of all graduate applicants, regardless of citizenship status, whose native language is not English or who have been educated in countries where English is not the native language. Your TOEFL/IELTS/C1 Advanced/Duolingo English Test scores are valid for two years from the test date.

The minimum TOEFL/IELTS/C1 Advanced/Duolingo English Test score requirements for this degree program are:

Minimum TOEFL Score (Internet-based test): 80 with minimum of 20 on each subscore

Minimum IELTS Score: 6.5 with minimum of 6.0 on each band score

Minimum C1 Advanced Score: 176

Minimum Duolingo English Test Score: 115 with individual subscore minimum of 105 for Literacy, Comprehension, and Conversation and minimum subscore of 95 for Production.

Additional Information:

Read the English Language Proficiency policy for more details.

Read the Required Tests for GTA Eligibility policy for more details.

Per Student & Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP) regulation, international applicants must meet all standards for admission before an I-20 or DS-2019 is issued, [per U.S. Federal Register: 8 CFR § 214.3(k)] or is academically eligible for admission and is admitted [per 22 C.F.R. §62]. Read the Additional Standards For International Applicants policy for more details.

Application Materials

Transcripts, letters of recommendation.

Required Essays and Statements

Writing Sample

We require a scanned copy of your transcripts from every college or university you have attended. Scanned copies must be clearly legible and sized to print on standard 8½-by-11-inch paper. Transcripts that do not show degrees awarded must also be accompanied by a scanned copy of the diploma or degree certificate. If your academic transcripts were issued in a language other than English, both the original documents and certified English translations are required.

Transcripts and proof of degree documents for postsecondary degrees earned from institutions outside of the United States will be released to a third-party international credential evaluator to assess U.S. education system equivalencies. Beginning July 2023, a non-refundable fee for this service will be required before the application is processed.

Upon admission to the University of Denver, official transcripts will be required from each institution attended.

Recommendations are optional and not required as part of admission materials. The admission committee reserves the right to request recommendations when reviewing an admission application.

Essays and Statements

Personal statement instructions.

At University College, we strive to foster a collaborative and engaging learning environment that emphasizes the practical application of knowledge and supports self-directed, motivated learners. Our programs are designed to build upon the unique background and experiences of adult learners. A personal statement (two pages double-spaced, 450-500 words) written in your own words and unique voice, without the help of AI-based assistance, is required and should be submitted via the application status page. In your personal statement please answer the following questions: 1. How does your chosen program/concentration align with your personal and professional goals? 2. In what ways will your work experiences, professional background, previous education, or other lived experiences enable you to contribute to an engaging learning environment?

Résumé Instructions

The résumé (or C.V.) should include work experience, research, and/or volunteer work.

Writing Sample Instructions

The Master of Arts in Professional Creative Writing requires a sample of your creative writing, preferably in the genre of the concentration to which you are applying. The sample may comprise 2-3 double-spaced pages of prose (fiction or creative nonfiction), 30-40 single- or double-spaced lines of poetry, or 1-2 single-spaced pages of dramatic writing (monologue, play, or screenplay).

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Financial Aid Information

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Your submitted materials will be reviewed once all materials and application fees have been received.

Our program can only consider your application for admission if our Office of Graduate Education has received all your online materials and supplemental materials by our application deadline.

Application Fee: $75.00 Application Fee

International Degree Evaluation Fee: $50.00 Evaluation Fee for degrees (bachelor's or higher) earned from institutions outside the United States.

Applicants should complete their Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) by February 15. Visit the Office of Financial Aid for additional information.

Master of Arts vs. Master of Fine Arts: What’s the Difference?

What is the difference between a Master of Arts vs. Master of Fine Arts? Get a breakdown of the MA vs. MFA degrees to determine which is best for you.

News and Events

If you’re thinking of getting your master’s degree in an arts field, you may have two choices. You can either pursue a Master of Arts (MA) or a Master of Fine Arts (MFA). Here are some of the similarities as well as the differences in an MA vs. MFA, enabling you to choose the right master’s-level degree program for you.

How the Two Graduate Degree Programs are Similar

Both an MA and MFA provide a master’s degree for professions within the arts field. Each one can also help you advance in your desired role, which can help further your career. The more you learn, the better your ability to perform your work-related tasks with efficiency and clarity. This helps you grow while also sometimes preparing you for higher-level positions. So, how are these degree programs different?

Differences in a Master of Arts vs. Master of Fine Arts

One of the major differences between an MA vs. MFA is their scope of focus. An MA degree program tends to provide a rather broad focus on liberal arts and humanities careers, whereas an MFA program is generally narrower in focus, providing more detailed instruction about a specific discipline.

For example, if you want to learn more about the different ways we communicate, you may decide to pursue a Master of Arts in communication. But if you’re more interested in learning how to better communicate via the written word, a Master of Fine Arts in creative writing may provide more information for this specific type of medium. Other fine arts specialties include painting, drawing, photography, and sculpture.

Another difference between a Master of Arts vs. Master of Fine Arts is how these programs help you progress. In an MA program, you can expect to be exposed to a lot of theories. This provides a stronger foundational understanding of certain topics, generally through reading about ideas and concepts developed by recognized experts in that field. Students in MA degree programs are also often encouraged to come up with their own opinions, regularly being asked to write out their explanations for such in long form.

Yet, in an MFA degree program, students often spend more time working on their craft than discussing theoretical approaches. This may be preferable to someone who is looking for a degree program in which they spend more of their time “doing” versus learning about past research.

There can also be differences in the length of the program when comparing an MA vs MFA. Oftentimes, an MFA program involves completing more credit hours than an MA program, which means that it will take you longer to earn your degree. In some cases, an MFA is given more weight in terms of credentials. So, this is a factor to consider as well.

Should You Get an MA or MFA?

There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question. If you know you want a career in the arts but haven’t quite decided what that career looks like, you may be better off with an MA degree as it provides a bigger-picture view of the field instead of focusing on a narrower discipline. Conversely, if you know exactly what you want your career to look like, you may desire the greater detail provided in an MFA program.

It's also helpful to consider how quickly you want your degree. Since an MA program often requires the completion of fewer credits, you may be able to enter your career faster than if you pursue your MFA degree.

If You Are Ready to Start Working Toward your MA Degree…

Saint Leo University offers several master’s-level degree programs , many of which provide a Master of Arts degree. For instance, you might want to take the MA in creative writing program to help better prepare you to write novels or poetry. The MA in Theology program may be more desirable if you want to hold a leadership position in a church or other religious institution.

Saint Leo prides itself on providing graduate students a variety of flexible learning options, enabling them to obtain a degree online, on campus, or at one of 13 education centers around the country. Saint Leo is incredibly committed to serving all of its students, regardless of where they might be in their lives and careers.

You can learn more about Saint Leo University to help decide if the university is a good fit for you to earn an MA degree or one of many other undergraduate and graduate degrees across numerous high-demand fields.

Saint Leo University See more from this author

Guilherme Mazui

What is the Difference Between MA and MFA?

The main difference between a Master of Arts (MA) and a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) lies in their scope of focus and the type of careers they are designed to prepare students for. Here are the key differences between the two:

Scope of Focus : An MA degree program tends to provide a broad focus on liberal arts and humanities careers, while an MFA program is generally narrower in focus, providing more detailed instruction about a specific discipline.
Credit Hours : MFA programs usually require more credit hours than MA programs, which means that it takes longer to earn an MFA degree.
Career Options : MAs are more broadly applied in terms of career options post-graduation, such as education, arts administration, curation, or craft. MFAs, on the other hand, are designed to develop students' individual artistic skills and practices, focusing on a specific discipline like dance, performance, creative writing, or metal work.
Research vs. Practice : MA programs are more research-oriented and require students to base their practice in theory. In contrast, MFA programs are more focused on the making process and developing students' artistic skills, with less emphasis on research.
Competitiveness : MFA programs are generally more competitive than MA programs, with more selective admission requirements.

Ultimately, the choice between an MA and an MFA depends on your specific career goals and the type of artistic discipline you want to pursue. If you are unsure of your desired career path within the arts, an MA program may be more suitable due to its broader scope and flexibility. However, if you are dedicated to a specific discipline and want to focus on developing your artistic skills, an MFA may be the better choice.

Comparative Table: MA vs MFA

The main differences between a Master of Arts (MA) and a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) are their focus, program length, and career outcomes. Here is a table summarizing the differences:

MA	MFA
Broad focus on liberal arts and humanities careers	Narrower focus on a specific discipline, providing more detailed instruction
Shorter program length, typically requiring fewer credit hours	Longer program length, typically requiring more credit hours
May be more suitable for teaching and academic positions	Primarily focused on the practice and creation of art, often leading to careers in writing, visual arts, or performing arts
Can be a stepping stone to an MFA program	Considered a terminal degree and may be more highly regarded in terms of credentials

Both degrees aim to enhance students' artistic skills, but the MA is more focused on academic study and can be a precursor to an MFA program, which is more focused on the practice and creation of art. Ultimately, the choice between an MA and an MFA depends on your priorities, goals, and interests, as well as the specific program offerings at the institutions you are considering.

Graduate vs Masters
Bachelor of Arts (BA) vs Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA)
MBA vs Masters
M.Sc vs MBA
PhD vs Masters
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Honors vs Masters
MCA vs MSc IT
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Differences Finder

Understanding the Differences Between MA and MFA Degrees

Published on: Education

When considering advanced degrees in the fields of arts and humanities, prospective students often encounter two popular options: the Master of Arts (MA) and the Master of Fine Arts (MFA). While both degrees serve as advanced education in creative fields, they cater to different professional aspirations and academic interests. Understanding the differences between MA and MFA degrees will help prospective students make an informed decision that aligns with their career goals and personal aspirations.

Introduction to MA and MFA Degrees

The Master of Arts (**MA**) degree is typically recognized as an academic degree focused on a specific field within the arts or humanities. MA programs usually emphasize scholarly research, critical analysis, and theoretical exploration. The Master of Fine Arts (**MFA**) degree, on the other hand, is a professional degree emphasizing practical, hands-on training in the creative and performing arts. MFA programs prioritize the development of students’ artistic skills and often prepare graduates for professional careers as artists, performers, or designers.

Core Differences Between MA and MFA Programs

One of the most significant differences between MA and MFA programs is their primary focus. MA programs are designed to provide a well-rounded, scholarly education in a specific area of the humanities or social sciences. These programs often include a strong emphasis on research methodologies, theoretical frameworks, and the analysis of existing literature. Students in MA programs might engage in writing a thesis as part of their degree requirements.

MFA programs, however, are inherently practice-oriented. They aim to cultivate students’ creative abilities and artistic proficiency. As such, these programs typically involve intensive studio work, performance-based projects, and portfolio development. MFA students frequently have opportunities to showcase their work through exhibitions, performances, or publications. Unlike MA programs, the culminating project for an MFA is often a final creative work rather than a research thesis.

Career Paths with an MA Degree

An MA degree can lead to a variety of career paths in education, research, and related fields. Graduates might pursue careers as college or university lecturers, museum curators, or researchers in academic institutions and think tanks. The theoretical and analytical skills gained in an MA program also provide a strong foundation for careers in publishing, journalism, and cultural programming. Additionally, an MA degree can serve as a stepping stone to further doctoral studies for those interested in becoming experts or scholars in their chosen disciplines.

Career Paths with an MFA Degree

Graduates with an MFA degree are often prepared for professional careers as artists, performers, or designers. They might become visual artists, actors, dancers, filmmakers, or fashion designers. Due to the professional nature of the MFA, graduates can directly enter industries related to their discipline. Furthermore, MFA graduates might find opportunities in teaching studio art or performance at colleges, universities, or art schools. The MFA degree is frequently recognized as the terminal degree in the fine arts, which qualifies graduates for a range of professional roles and academic positions that require advanced expertise and artistic talent.

Curriculum Comparison: MA vs MFA

The curriculum in MA and MFA programs significantly differs in structure and content. MA programs generally focus on coursework that includes seminars, lectures, and reading assignments designed to deepen students’ understanding of theoretical concepts. Courses might cover a wide range of topics within the field, including literary theory, cultural studies, historical contexts, and research methods. Additionally, students often undertake a research thesis or capstone project that involves extensive analysis and articulation of scholarly arguments.

In contrast, MFA programs offer curricula designed around practical studio work and creative endeavors. Students spend a substantial amount of time developing their artistic skills through practice and mentorship from experienced professionals. The course structures in MFA programs are typically project-based, requiring students to complete various creative works or performances. The final requirement is often a significant artistic project or performance that demonstrates their skill and creative vision.

Admission Requirements for MA vs MFA

Admission requirements for MA and MFA programs also reflect their differing priorities. MA programs generally look for candidates with strong academic backgrounds and a clear interest in research and theoretical analysis. Applicants may need to submit academic transcripts, letters of recommendation, a statement of purpose, and writing samples. Some programs might also require GRE scores.

For MFA programs, the focus is on the candidates creative potential and existing artistic skills. Prospective students are typically required to present a portfolio of their work, which could include visual art, written works, or recordings of performances, depending on the discipline. Letters of recommendation, a statement of purpose detailing artistic goals, and, in some cases, an interview or audition, might also be part of the application process.

Which Degree is Right for You?

Determining whether an MA or MFA degree is the right choice depends on your career aspirations and personal goals. If you are passionate about research, theoretical exploration, and a potential career in academia or educational settings, an MA degree might be the ideal path for you. This degree can pave the way for further academic pursuits or roles that require strong analytical and research skills.

On the other hand, if your primary goal is to advance your career in the arts, develop your creative skills, and achieve professional recognition in artistic fields, an MFA degree would be more suited to your ambitions. The MFA offers a direct route into creative industries and provides intensive training that can significantly enhance your artistic practice and professional opportunities.

More in ‘Career & Education’

Exploring MA and MFA degrees is part of a broader conversation about advanced education in the arts. Understanding these distinctions helps prospective students navigate their options and make informed decisions about their future. For those interested in further exploring career paths and educational opportunities within the arts and humanities, many resources are available, including academic advisors, professional organizations, and educational websites. These resources can provide valuable insights into the variety of degree programs and career trajectories available.

The Practical and Theoretical Focuses in MA and MFA Programs

Both **Master of Arts (MA)** and **Master of Fine Arts (MFA)** degrees offer advanced education in the arts, but they emphasize different pedagogical methods and outcomes. An **MA program** typically emphasizes **scholarly research, teaching**, and the **theoretical aspects** of the arts. This often involves extensive reading, writing, and engaging in critical analysis to understand the historical, cultural, and theoretical context of art. Students in MA programs are likely to focus on subjects such as **art history, criticism, pedagogy**, and other academic disciplines. The practical components might be relegated to workshops or optional modules rather than core requirements.

On the other hand, an **MFA program** is more **practice-oriented**. Its curriculum is designed to develop advanced skills in the **creation and production of art**. Students engage in hands-on **studios, workshops**, and **critiques**, which form the bulk of their coursework. While theoretical courses are included to some extent, the primary focus remains on **developing a personal artistic style, honing technical skills**, and preparing for **professional practice**. MFA students often exhibit their work publicly, enter into competitions, and undertake collaborative projects or residencies.

The distinction between these two programs is crucial for prospective students. Those who aspire to become **art historians, critics, or educators** will likely find the MA route more suitable, whereas those who aim to **become professional artists or designers** might find the MFA path more aligned with their goals. Each program caters to different professional preparations and sets of skills necessary for varying careers in the arts sector.

Financial Considerations: MA vs. MFA Programs

Another critical aspect to examine when distinguishing between MA and MFA programs is the **financial investment required**. Typically, both programs can vary greatly in cost depending on the institution, location, and duration of the program. However, some generalized trends can be noted.

MA programs, especially those at **public or state universities**, might be more affordable compared to MFA programs. The reason for this could be due to the enhanced **resources and facilities required for creative practice** in MFA studies. MA degrees, being more lecture-based and research-focused, do not necessitate expensive studio spaces, specialized equipment, or materials. Consequently, the operational costs of these programs might be lower, thereby affecting the overall tuition fees.

On the contrary, MFA programs often come with **higher costs** due to the need for **state-of-the-art studios, extensive materials**, and access to **specialized tools and equipment**. Furthermore, MFA students frequently participate in **exhibitions**, which may add to the overall expenses through fees for gallery rentals, promotional materials, and travel for shows and conferences.

Prospective students should also consider the availability of **scholarships, grants**, and **assistantships**. MFA programs sometimes offer teaching assistantships that not only provide financial support but also valuable teaching experience. However, such opportunities can also be available in MA programs, often in the form of research assistantships, especially at research-intensive universities.

Lastly, it’s important to factor in the potential **return on investment**. Graduates of both programs might enter different career paths that offer varying levels of financial stability and earning potential. For example, an MFA graduate might pursue a career as a **professional artist**, where income can be highly variable, whereas an MA graduate might secure more stable positions in **academia or museum education**.

Considering these financial elements is essential not only in selecting the right program but also in planning for your future career and financial health.

Sure, here are five FAQs related to the topic:

1. Q: What is the primary difference between an MA and an MFA degree? A: The primary difference is that an MA (Master of Arts) is typically more academically focused, while an MFA (Master of Fine Arts) is a terminal degree focused on intensive practical and creative training.

2. Q: Which degree is more suitable for someone aiming for a career in academia? A: An MA degree is generally more suitable for those aiming for a career in academia due to its emphasis on research and theoretical study.

3. Q: Can an MFA degree lead to teaching opportunities? A: Yes, an MFA degree can lead to teaching opportunities, especially in creative fields such as fine arts, writing, and theater, as it is often considered a terminal degree.

4. Q: Are there any differences in the duration of MA and MFA programs? A: Yes, MA programs typically take about 1-2 years to complete, while MFA programs often take 2-3 years due to their more intensive practical requirements.

5. Q: Is it easier to get funding for one degree over the other? A: Funding availability varies by institution and program, but MFA programs often offer more fellowships, assistantships, and grants compared to MA programs due to their intensive studio and creative components.

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Literature, and Rhetoric and Composition

Choosing Between MFA Creative Writing vs MA Programs vs PhD in Creative Writing

By saramsarang August 24, 2023 in Literature, and Rhetoric and Composition

saramsarang

Hello everyone, this post might be too long. I apologise because this is my first time here, so I'm not even sure if this is the right way to go about this but I have been way over in my head about all this and would like to hear from other people before I make my final decisions. I hope it's okay.

For some background information, I come from a family where I'm the first to have ventured into the Humanities for my education, so I've not been able to find any guidance or support from them. Technically, I'm not really Humanities either since I'm wrapping up my final year of my bachelor's in Economics and Finance, but I will graduate with an English minor, so that should count for something towards my postgraduate interest. Additionally, I live in the East with little knowledge regarding postgraduate programs in the West. I have been talking to a lot of people including professors, and college seniors who applied abroad and got into programs of their choice, but the MFA is a new route altogether and no one seems to be able to give me concrete answers.

I have been writing for most of my life and love writing to the point that I want to make a career out of it. Unwise, I know, but I've come to terms with the lifestyle it will offer. I prioritised an MFA in Creative Writing for my postgraduate because there is a novel I've been desperately working on for the last five years but due to the lack of time and heavy school workload, I have not been able to properly write it. I need the MFA for time, to be surrounded by people who are also writers and also networking. I know there's no guarantee my book will be published etc. But I need to finish writing the book at least. However, I've been told repeatedly that simply having a list of MFA programs is a bad idea since the acceptance rate is incredibly low and I'm unlikely to get in. So I've been asked to apply for back-up options that can act as safety nets.

I understand this reasoning completely, but the problem is that I don't have any specialized interests I want to focus on for my master's specifically. I have considered Comparative Literature since I am extremely interested in the intersections of language, culture and literature. So far I have worked on one paper regarding feminism in contemporary Korean literature which I will be presenting in about a month at a conference and I will be continuing the research with a follow-up paper on feminism in Japanese literature. However, I used English-translated versions to conduct my research and am not proficient in the language. For this reason, I'm worried that I don't have any language specialisations for Comparative Lit since many colleges list languages on their websites as a requirement/eligibility for Master's programs. The ones usually belonging to my country listed on the website are Hindi and Urudu, neither of which I am proficient in since I come from a different part of the country with different regional languages. I haven't considered MA Writing programs since they don't have a creative dissertation and I am not interested in getting a theoretical degree in writing. Also, MA programs are not fully funded or at best offer very little funding.

As of now, I have around 10-12 MFA programs on my list. All of them are in the USA and are fully funded because I simply do not have the financial means to fund any sort of postgraduate degree outside my country and my parents have also refused to pay for English-related postgraduate programs within the country. It is also not viable for me to take a gap year or stay at home. I really want to write and I absolutely am not able to let go of the idea/dream, it's haunting me. One of my professors suggested applying to PhD writing programs since some of them do have creative dissertations as opposed to a more academic dissertation. But the reason I'm drawn towards an MFA is that it's a 2 or 3-year terminal degree with more freedom than a PhD which is a 4 to 6-year time commitment. I simply do not think I have the bandwidth to jump into a direct PhD integrated type program directly from my undergraduate. I do think I'm more academically inclined to explore something like cultural studies or comparative literature as an MA or PhD program rather than creative writing. But I think I'd only be able to pursue that after I finish the MFA first.

Ultimately I've boxed myself into the MFA and if I get into none of them, I have to go to a corporate job that is finance-oriented since that's what I got my bachelor's in, but I absolutely hate my degree and I am not qualified enough compared to my classmates since I spent all my time working on writing and English related things, so my resume for a finance job is also super weak and I'm really at a dead end here. I don't think I have the energy to wait another year and reapply next cycle either, so I'm terrified.

For some more clarity, I will be applying this year for the 2024 intake and even though I haven't narrowed down my schools completely, these are the ones I have on my list so far: Cornell, Johns Hopkins, Brown, Northwestern, University of Iowa, University of Arizona, University of Michigan, University of Minnesota, NYU, Vanderbilt, University of Houston, University of Texas in Austin, Syracuse and Rutgers.

Having said all of this, what advice would you offer? Are there better alternatives to an MFA for creative writing? Are there some other universities I should consider for the MFA? How do I sort through all of this?

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3 months later...

So I saw that you posted this in August and the application cycle is almost over, but I thought I would reply in case you or anyone else might find insight into this topic useful.

I am also an international student, but from a Western country, so while there are significant overlaps they are not fully comparable to your situation. This is my subjective opinion as someone who attended a fully funded MFA program and is now starting a creative writing PhD, both in the USA.

I will be honest and say the schools you are applying to are incredibly competitive, and you are at a distinct disadvantage as an international student due to funding restrictions and internal politics. However, I hope you still apply to all of them, because you never know if your work will resonate with a committee. I would suggest adding a few more, less well-known schools to your list. Most of the schools you list have 500-1000 applications per year for 10-25 slots. NYU accepts almost 50 and only funds about 5. And as someone who has been in the system, well-known does not always equal the best education, good mentorship, or supportive community. You can message me if you want some specific recommendations based on your interests, as there are still some deadlines open. Generally speaking, go for more schools that aren't on everybody's list. Some people who get into 'top' programs are still rejected by lesser-known schools, and some incredibly talented writers only get one acceptance. Almost every fully funded school will still have an acceptance rate of below 5%, but your overall chances will be much higher if you cast a wider net. All you need is one yes.

Unfortunately, there are not really alternatives to the MFA system for those of us outside of the United States who write in English. Even if you integrate yourself into a local writing community, the experience is not comparable. Not inferior, just very different.

I think you should apply and also be prepared to apply multiple times. I also think there is a lot of benefit to waiting, should you not get in this cycle. I know it feels like all or nothing, but you have your entire life to be a writer, and you will absolutely be a much better writer one, two, three years from now, even if you are not in a program. It is important to pursue your dreams from a place of certainty that this is your calling, that you have something you need to say, and not fear of the alternatives. Further schooling is not a safety net, it's often a security blanket. There is nothing wrong with taking a job, even if it's not an amazing job, and working for a few years, as long as you're able to support yourself and have a good QoL. Enjoy not being a student for the first time, grow as a person, and continue writing, because once you start an MFA, especially as an international, there is no easy way to pivot off of this track without starting over. You might even regret going straight into an MFA, as I've heard many people say, because you'll be under a lot of pressure to 'make it' and uncertainty about what exactly you want from your life/career. That, and you will likely experience a lot of personal and financial difficulties that are simply out of your control once you begin, and these growing pains are harder to weather without life experience.

You will make it, I promise. It really is up to you to decide when and under what conditions, even if it doesn't feel like it.

And this is for future reference and for others who are curious. I would advise against applying for a creative writing PhD or a hybrid English PhD without an MFA. Honestly, I would say to not even bother applying for a pure critical English or CompLit degree if what you want to do is write creatively because you will either not be accepted (they aren't usually supportive of writers in these programs), or it will actually hurt your development as an artist due to the academic workload (there are some exceptions, but they require insider connections that you currently do not have). It is standard to already have an MFA for a CW PhD program, and generally, only working artists and other exceptional talents circumvent this unwritten convention. Even if you get in, you are right, you do not want to be locked into one institution for 5-7 years when you do not even know yet what kind of writer you are. PhD programs are much less guided than MFA programs because they expect you to already know what you are doing when you get there. If you get an American MFA before your PhD, you will be better equipped to navigate the American PhD system and make use of a doctoral education and the unparalleled security it offers, and you will have additional privileges since you already possess the CW field's terminal degree.

Best of luck.

saramsarang , Jim VK and Chex

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What’s the difference: english vs. creative writing.

In high school your favorite class was English, you loved to write, and you loved to read. Now it’s time for college and your deciding which of our top Bachelor’s in English or Creative Writing degrees is best for you. But the only problem is that your not quite sure exactly what the difference is between a Bachelor of Arts in English or a Bachelor of Arts in Creative Writing. We decided to take the time to answer the question: What’s the different between a Bachelor’s of English and a Bachelor’s of Creative Writing.

Bachelor’s of English

As a student studying for a Bachelor of Arts in English degree, you will primarily be working with a variety of different types of literature. English majors deal in the close reading, analysis, and interpretation of literature. Students who are studying a Bachelor of English will more often than not be asked to critically think about and dissect works of literature. If you were a student who enjoyed reading different types of books and stories in high school, a Bachelor’s of English will be right up your alley. Through this type of program, students will develop soft skills including critical thinking, critical analysis, communication, and an appreciation and understanding of culture. Typically, English majors will not be asked to create original works very often.

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Bachelor’s of creative writing.

By pursuing a Bachelor of Arts in Creative Writing, students will be more concerned with the generation of writing. Students will study works of literature but from the perspective of learning the craft of writing as to apply different techniques of the trade to their own writing. Creative Writing majors will be tasked with writing a great deal of different pieces throughout their studies. They will focus on honing their prose and their grammar. In these programs, students will experiment with a variety of different genres and types of literature in order to get a feel for and find which is best for them. Those in this type of degree program will find that most of their time is spent writing versus reading. However, a large part of this program is learning to critique and review the works of your peers.

So what’s the difference?

Whether your choosing to study a Bachelor of Arts in English or a Bachelor of Arts in Creative writing, you will be following a degree program that is quite similar to one another save for a few nuances. Those who choose to study English will be focused more on the study of existing literature. They will learn to analyze, interpret, and understand a variety of different types of writings. Those who choose to pursue a Creative Writing degree will be focused more on the generation of new literature. They will still read and study existing works, but a large amount of the curriculum will focus on the development of one’s own writing ability.

Bottom line:

A Bachelor’s of English and a Bachelor’s of Creative Writing are like two different sides of the same coin. By pursuing either of these degrees, you will gain a skillset of interpreting, analyzing, and writing literature. The main difference is whether your ambition lies in the academic pursuit of studying literature or the creative pursuit of producing literature.

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Creative Nonfiction and Literary Journalism: What’s the Difference?

Mar 21, 2017 by Kayla Dean published in Writing

When I was in high school, my AP English teacher had our class read essays from names like Annie Dillard, David Foster Wallace, and Virginia Woolf. Back then, I didn’t know who any of these people were. I fell in love with “Death of a Moth” when I had to write a one-page analysis of it back in the day, but it wasn’t until my last year of college that I really understood what these authors were doing: writing creative nonfiction.

Yes, I know. You’ve heard the term already. Everyone on the blogosphere seems to have something to say about it. All the articles you click on now almost always have a storied way of telling you basic information. Writing advice blogs mention the word here or there. And have you seen that Creative Nonfiction magazine at Barnes & Noble (i.e., one of THE DREAM magazines for our genre)?

This is the beginning of another endeavor: I’m going to explain creative nonfiction, its genres, and how you can write your own creative nonfiction essays in this new column.

Don’t try to tell me that you aren’t interesting enough. That you haven’t been to Venice yet, and you don’t think that at twenty-something years old you could possibly have enough life experience to write anything interesting. You don’t feel like enough of a person yet. I am all of the above. Your experiences are enough to figure out this whole writing-about-real-experiences thing. First stop? Let’s break down the difference between creative nonfiction and literary journalism.

What Creative Nonfiction Actually Means

Creative nonfiction was coined by Lee Gutkind in the ‘90s. Simply stated, it’s “true stories, well told.” At least, that’s the slogan for his magazine. Gutkind has written several books on the genre, like this one , which is incredibly helpful for getting started in the genre. But if you’re looking for a more precise definition, creative nonfiction is essentially a narrative that deals in factual events. Meaning that whatever you write about, whether in essays or long-form, must be based in reality.

But there’s also something unique about this genre: it’s extremely important that you tell a narrative that has a literary language about it. In other words, you want your prose to be compulsively readable because it’s real life told in a human voice that strays away from the technical or academic.

Some consider creative nonfiction to be an umbrella term for a genre that includes things like personal essays, memoir, travel writing, and literary journalism. You probably know what the first three are, but why is the last one different from creative nonfiction?

How Literary Journalism Fits In

Some people say there isn’t a difference. But here’s my take: literary journalism is often rooted in heavy research. For example, a biologist could write about the problems they see in an endangered population of turtles in the Pacific. A journalist could write about their experiences reporting in the Middle East, exposing a problem they encountered while in the field. Both of these are real examples. But they aren’t necessarily based on the storyteller’s life so much as the facts that they uncover on their journey. A writer can use figurative language to weave a narrative, but they can’t just engage in solipsism for 300 pages.

Not that creative nonfiction allows this. However, there’s a bit more freedom in the way that a writer can arrange facts. Some writers have even gotten in trouble when readers discovered they hadn’t told the story exactly as it had happened. You don’t want to stir up controversy, but there is a freedom in how you collapse or expand events. You can even re-order them to fit a narrative arc.

How to Pick the Right Non-Fiction Genres

Some writers object to writing this way. You may even find that there are two different camps of writers who completely disagree with one another’s prose. This may seem divisive. But there may be another option.

Literary nonfiction is another term I’ve seen thrown around, but not as often as the first two. It usually operates as a blanket term for both creative nonfiction and literary journalism. This one combines the essence of both into a style that works in many contexts. For a literary nonfiction piece, you’d do a bit more research than for a piece that is creative nonfiction. The latter form does allow you to simply write about your life. You may fact check dates or places, but many writers of creative nonfiction write things as they remember them. Implicit in some writing is even a type of subjectivity because the experiences are so personal that they’re more difficult to really verify.

Maybe this feels a little confusing. But if you’re looking to write about your own life, you’ll likely fall in the creative nonfiction camp. If you want some great essays to read on just about anything, check out online publications like Ecotone, Longreads, Literary Hub, or The Millions. These are great places to start if you want to read some creative nonfiction ASAP. And, if you’re a personal essay person, check out these tips from The New York Times on writing great creative nonfiction.

Those essays you read in high school English class can be a great start for your first foray into creative nonfiction, but they’re just the beginning. The realm of nonfiction may feel intimidating, especially if you’re not sure you have a shocking tale to put into a memoir just yet. That’s the great thing about creative nonfiction: you really can write about just about anything. The best part? No sensationalism required.

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What is Master of Fine Arts: Uncover the Hidden Secrets

What is master of fine arts.

Wondering how to advance in the art world ? A Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree might be your answer. 1

Key Takeaways

Core components of an mfa degree.

An MFA degree covers many areas. Students learn about art forms, improve their skills in drawing or painting, and study how to show their work in galleries.

Courses also teach them to critique art well, preparing them for roles where they guide others in improving their work too.

Specializations and Concentrations

Choosing a Master of Fine Arts degree opens many doors. It lets you focus on what you love most. Here are the areas you can specialize in:

Each of these areas helps students become experts in their chosen field. They get the skills they need for a successful career in the arts . 2

Curriculum and Course Structure

The MFA program breaks down into a two-year plan . It has 60 credits . 3 First year, students take 30 credits.

Students focus on critiques, seminars, a written thesis , and a thesis show . 3

Career Opportunities Post-MFA

Fields and roles available.

Pursuing an MFA degree presents a plethora of possibilities within the field of arts.

Career options abound, suiting different skills and inclinations. Here’s a glimpse of what you can explore:

Key Differences Between MFA and MA Degrees

MFA stands for Master of Fine Arts, while MA refers to Master of Arts. The key difference?

It’s about performing versus debating. Interested in gaining insights? Proceed with reading—there’s ample to learn about pursuing your MFA degree!

Focus and Depth of Study

An MFA digs deep into creative arts. This means students spend a lot of time making art and mastering their craft.

For MA programs, it’s about studying theories and discussing big ideas in classes focusing on social sciences or humanities .

Concluding Thoughts on What is Master of Fine Arts

This degree helps you teach, make better art, and find good jobs. It takes two to three years but offers skills for life .

FAQs About What is Master of Fine Arts

1. what is a master of fine arts (mfa) degree, 2. how do i get an mfa degree.

To pursue an MFA, you need to have completed your undergraduate studies with at least an upper second-class bachelor’s degree. The entry requirements often include submitting a portfolio as part of your application and sometimes even performing an audition for theatre arts programs.

3. What types of MFA degrees are there and what career paths can they lead to?

There are many types of MFAs including those focused on studio arts, creative writing programs, cinematography or theatre arts among others. Earning this graduate degree can help advance your artistic career as it qualifies you to teach at the university level or become a professional artist.

4. How much does it cost to earn an MFA?

5. what is the difference between a masters in fine arts (mfa) and other master’s degrees like ma (master of arts).

An MA usually focuses more on theoretical coursework while an MFA emphasizes practical application and development within specific disciplines such as creative writing or visual artistry.

6. How long does it typically take to complete my coursework for my Master Of Fine Arts Degree?

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Difference Between BFA and MFA

• Categorized under Career & Education , Miscellaneous | Difference Between BFA and MFA

BFA vs. MFA

Education is the best investment. You could achieve the dream you’ve had since you were young. Take, for instance, entering a course in fine arts; it could be possible for you. You could either take the Bachelor of Fine Arts or the Master of Fine Arts course. So what is the difference between the two? A Bachelor of Fine Arts is more commonly known as BFA in Canada and the United States. To help you understand, a Bachelor of Fine Arts is the typical undergraduate degree for individuals looking for a professional education in the field of performing and visual arts. In some countries, it is referred to as the Bachelor of Creative Arts or BCA. On the other hand, a Master of Fine Arts is a graduate degree. MFA, or Master of Fine Arts, differs in its terms across various countries or universities.

In Britain, a BFA would be the same as a Bachelor of Arts in Fine Arts. It is usually given to individuals who are able to finish a degree in visual arts; performing arts are excluded. There’s a separate degree for performing arts, namely, the Bachelor of Dance or the Bachelor of Drama. An MFA in Britain includes a wide scope of disciplines – it can range from painting to electronics and live art. Most of the time, it is a studio-based program that caters to sculpture, live art, video, and painting. The program is created together with the Artist Teachers Scheme, which is established by the National Society for Education in Art and Design. It is most typically divided into three trimesters a year with students working in studio spaces. Some studios house over 70 Macs, a flatbed, transparency scanners, and a digital media studio. All students have the privilege to enjoy workshops like sound and video, etching and lithography, and even photography. Mentors promote originality, initiative, and enterprise among their students. They see to it that their products are independent, confident, well informed, and determined.

In the United States, a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree differs in most programs. There are programs that have practical studio components; students are provided with lecture and discussion classes as well. Typically, the U.S. Bachelor of Fine Arts consists in two-thirds of studying the arts. It also has more studies in general liberal arts. A Masters of Fine Arts is available and limited to students with great talent and skills; the American Conservatory Theater is one of the choices. They require a person to have a bachelor’s degree before applying. The most important requirement is an impressive portfolio or a good audition performance piece. It is considered the highest degree an artist can hold. It provides a person with a broad connection between creative productions.

The course program also requires students to do some academic research. The curriculum requires aspiring performance artists to undergo a three-year intensive course on acting; this includes rehearsals and performance of classical and contemporary works. It is in this training that one can recognize the great differences and harmony between the new and classical work. Moreover, students have the chance to grasp dramatic literature in a different kind of manner. If someone thinks they want to pursue acting as a profession, a Master of Fine Arts is the best option. It also has the option of being the post-graduate course for individuals excelling in the field of visual arts, filmmaking, dance, performance arts, and creative writing. The best way to get in the best institute for a Masters in Fine Arts is to create an outstanding portfolio.

1. A BFA is an undergraduate degree, while an MFA is a graduate degree. 2. To earn a BFA in Britain, one has to take a degree in visual arts, while pursuing an MFA requires one to one learn a variety of skills such as painting, electronics, and live art.

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COMMENTS

Creative Writing: MA vs. MFA
The master's in creative writing differs from the creative writing MFA in several ways. First is the time consideration - the amount of credits required for an MA in creative writing is less than that of an MFA. Academically, courses in this program push beyond lessons in creative writing and include courses focused on studying literature and ...
What is the difference between an MA and an MFA?
Let's start with the basics: MA stands for Master of Arts and typically consists of 120 course credits, which can be completed over the course of 1 year (full time) or 2 years (part time). MFA stands for Master of Fine Art and typically requires around 150 credits; for this reason, an MFA usually takes longer to complete than an MA.
Comparing MA vs MFA: Understanding the Differences
The main difference between an MA vs. MFA lies in the curriculum approach. While an MA is more theoretically driven, the MFA relies on practice. ... Whether an MFA is better than an MA for creative writing depends on the individual's career goals. An MFA is ideal for those focused on improving their writing and pursuing a career in writing ...
What's the Difference between an MA and MFA, and Which is Best for You?
Generally, MAs have fewer credit requirements than MFAs. As such, most MA programs take two years to complete, while MFAs often take more time. Additionally, the focus of each program is different. The curriculum in an MA typically focuses on analyzing a particular field of art.
M.A. vs. M.F.A. Studies: What's the Difference?
The most significant difference in prerequisites is that M.A. applicants usually include an academic writing sample in their application that showcases their critical analysis and research skills, while M.F.A. applicants include a creative portfolio. For M.F.A. programs, the creative portfolio is by far the most important component of the ...
What Can You Do with an MFA in Creative Writing: 2024 Costs & Job
What is the difference between an MFA in creative writing and an MA in creative writing? The MFA is considered a terminal degree that emphasizes artistic practice and the development of creative skills. It is typically geared towards writers and artists who want to focus on honing their craft through workshops, writing projects, and practical ...
MFA vs. MA (Master of Art Degree)
The MA in English provides an academic education in English literature and trains students in literary analysis. The MFA is an applied arts degree that offers a formal environment for students to create and workshop their own creative writing. If you wish to combine both creative writing and literary study in one degree, look for a MA in ...
Which MFA?
The differences between the two programs include: NWP is housed within the Department of English. Our students are funded through teaching assistantships in both literature and creative writing contexts for five out of their six semesters in the program, with one semester funded through a non-working fellowship.
Difference Between Ma And MFA
A‌ Master of Arts (MA) and Master of Fine Arts (MFA) are both⁤ graduate-level degrees, but ⁣the main difference between the two is in the area of ‍specialization.‍ While an MA typically ‌focuses on academic research ‍and coursework that uses theories and methodologies, ⁢an MFA ⁢degree⁢ focuses on creative artistic ...
Creative Writing
Creative Writers are at the heart of our cultural industries. Poets, novelists, screenwriters, playwrights, graphic novelists, magazine writers: they entertain, inform and inspire. For more than 15 years, UBC's Creative Writing program has been educating writers through distance education in a program which complements our long-standing on-campus MFA program. A studio program with the writing ...
Professional Writing
The Master of Arts in Professional Creative Writing requires a sample of your creative writing, preferably in the genre of the concentration to which you are applying. The sample may comprise 2-3 double-spaced pages of prose (fiction or creative nonfiction), 30-40 single- or double-spaced lines of poetry, or 1-2 single-spaced pages of dramatic ...
Master of Arts vs. Master of Fine Arts: What's the Difference?
Differences in a Master of Arts vs. Master of Fine Arts. One of the major differences between an MA vs. MFA is their scope of focus. An MA degree program tends to provide a rather broad focus on liberal arts and humanities careers, whereas an MFA program is generally narrower in focus, providing more detailed instruction about a specific ...
What is the Difference Between MA and MFA?
Competitiveness: MFA programs are generally more competitive than MA programs, with more selective admission requirements. Ultimately, the choice between an MA and an MFA depends on your specific career goals and the type of artistic discipline you want to pursue.
Understanding the Differences Between MA and MFA Degrees
The Master of Fine Arts (**MFA**) degree, on the other hand, is a professional degree emphasizing practical, hands-on training in the creative and performing arts. MFA programs prioritize the development of students' artistic skills and often prepare graduates for professional careers as artists, performers, or designers. Core Differences ...
The Difference in Study of an MA & MFA
Writer Bio. After earning a Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA), a graduate degree may be the next logical step. An MFA degree stands for a Master of Fine Arts and an MA is a Master of Arts. Both degrees have much to offer students, but there are critical differences such as program emphasis and learning outcomes.
Thinking about a PhD or MFA?
Second, the MFA is a more advanced degree than the MA, and many holders of an MFA in creative writing earned the MA first. Many of the comments about the PhD offered above apply also to the MFA as well, so seek out the counsel of faculty who offer courses in the Literary Writing concentration. And finally, feel free to ask your program ...
What's the difference between an MFA and an MA in Creative Writing?
Your coursework is focused on workshops and studying writing techniques. At my MA program (US), which featured an MA in creative writing, many of the students in the program were upset at how many English courses they were required to take. They took 1 creative writing course a semester and 2 English courses.
MA in creative Writing vs MFA in Creative Writing. : r/SNHU
Having an MA will make you a much more competitive candidate at any of these levels. However, if you'd prefer an older audience, a MA is a great way to teach General Education classes in English (and possibly Creative Writing) at local Community Colleges or even adjunctly online at many different schools such as SNHU.
Choosing Between MFA Creative Writing vs MA Programs vs PhD in Creative
This is my subjective opinion as someone who attended a fully funded MFA program and is now starting a creative writing PhD, both in the USA. I will be honest and say the schools you are applying to are incredibly competitive, and you are at a distinct disadvantage as an international student due to funding restrictions and internal politics.
MFA in Creative Writing vs. MA in English and Creative Writing
11. Sort by: Add a Comment. [deleted] • 1 yr. ago. Biggest difference is that the MFA is considered a terminal degree; the MA is not. So, if your goal is to go into academics, the MFA may get you there faster. That being said, your options will likely be limited to creative writing courses as the MFA is more about your own artistic ...
What's the Difference: English vs. Creative Writing?
Those who choose to study English will be focused more on the study of existing literature. They will learn to analyze, interpret, and understand a variety of different types of writings. Those who choose to pursue a Creative Writing degree will be focused more on the generation of new literature. They will still read and study existing works ...
What's The Difference Between 2FA And MFA?
Knowing the difference between the two forms of authentication and different categories of MFA will help improve account security, and help users choose the right kind of authentication in the future.
Creative Nonfiction and Literary Journalism: What's the Difference
Creative nonfiction was coined by Lee Gutkind in the '90s. Simply stated, it's "true stories, well told.". At least, that's the slogan for his magazine. Gutkind has written several books on the genre, like this one, which is incredibly helpful for getting started in the genre. But if you're looking for a more precise definition ...
What Is the Difference Between an MA and an MFA?
MA vs MFA Main Differences To Consider ... my program at Plymouth College of Art is an MA in Creative Education and allows me to collaborate with students and staff from all over campus: ceramics ...
Difference Between MFA and MA
Summary: Â· MA degrees can be completed in eighteen months, while MFA degrees take two to three years to complete. Â· Art school aims at helping the students mold and develop to become a professional artist. While MFA degrees help the students gain proficiency, and master the art. Author.
What is Master of Fine Arts: Uncover the Hidden Secrets
Creative Writing: If words are your tool of choice, this path is for you. You can write fiction stories, true stories, or poetry. ... writers at 9%, actors at 32% - the upcoming years promise an increasing number of openings within the field of fine arts. Key Differences Between MFA and MA Degrees Differences Between MFA and MA Degrees. MFA ...
Difference Between BFA and MFA
Summary: 1. A BFA is an undergraduate degree, while an MFA is a graduate degree. 2. To earn a BFA in Britain, one has to take a degree in visual arts, while pursuing an MFA requires one to one learn a variety of skills such as painting, electronics, and live art. Author.