should you include a cover letter even if not requested

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• Career Planning
• Finding a Job
• Cover Letters

Do You Need a Cover Letter When It's Not Required?

When you do (and don't) need a cover letter to apply for a job

Why Write a Cover Letter?

Reasons to include a cover letter, reasons not to include a cover letter.

• Tips for Writing a Cover Letter

Do you really need a cover letter if a company doesn't ask for one? Writing a lot of cover letters during a job search is often both challenging and time-consuming. Because of this, it's not surprising that applicants often hesitate to include a cover letter when it is not explicitly required by an employer.

If you're wondering if you should include a cover letter, the short answer is yes. That said, there are a few exceptions.

You should  almost always submit a cover letter , even if the company doesn't ask for one. 

Here's what you need to know about the value of cover letters, along with the situations where you can skip a cover letter. 

If you're serious about landing the job, a well-written  cover letter  gives you a chance to sell yourself to the employer in a narrative format, and explain why you are an ideal candidate. Taking the time to  match your qualifications to the job  can help you get selected for an interview.

All of your efforts in the cover letter will help hiring managers do their job of screening applicants, and may get your resume a closer look.

A cover letter also affords you the opportunity to highlight your strongest qualifications.

An effective, well-written, and  customized cover letter  also makes it clear that you are highly interested in the job. That's because it shows the hiring manager that you want the job enough to go the extra distance.

To Share Extra Information

A cover letter gives you an opportunity to include details that your resume does not contain. For example, if you are applying from a distance, your cover letter will enable you to present a rationale for relocation and to mention that you will be in the area shortly for a possible interview. 

To Explain a Gap

Gaps in employment  with reasonable explanations can also be addressed in your letter. A cover letter is also an ideal place to provide specific examples that prove you have the skills and experience listed on your resume.

The Employer May Expect One

Additionally, some employers expect to receive cover letters even though they did not stipulate that a cover letter was required in their job advertisements.

Candidates who don't take the time to compose a letter are often viewed as less motivated for the job.

In many cases, employers won't even look at a job application that doesn't contain a cover letter or letter of interest.

For some jobs, you won't need a cover letter to apply. Some employers don't accept cover letters as part of the application process. For other positions, there may be no way to submit one. If a cover letter is optional, it's better to skip it if you don't have the time to compose a well-written one.

When the Employer Doesn't Want One

If the job application instructs that you should not include a cover letter, then it's definitely best to follow directions so as not to annoy your potential employer.

When You Don't Have Time

No letter is much better than a poorly written one. A well-composed cover letter serves as a sample of your writing ability, but the opposite is also true. If you don't have time to write a well-crafted cover letter that pitches your skills and positions you for the job, forego the effort.

When There's No Way to Submit One

Also, if the company asks you to submit your application through an online platform, and there is no place for you to submit a cover letter, don't worry about it. 

Tips for Writing a Cover Letter That Will Impress

When you do include a cover letter with your resume, it's important to make it a good one. Here are tips for writing a cover letter that will make the best impression and add value to your application.

Kelly Miller. / The Balance

• Make it targeted.  Be sure to compose a  targeted letter  that is written with the job listing in mind. Focus on the skills and abilities you possess that make you a strong fit for the specific job.
• Keep it short.  Make sure that your  letters are concise  (no more than one page topping out at five paragraphs) and that every statement you make conveys something significant about your qualifications for the candidacy.
• Go beyond your resume.  Avoid simply repeating your resume. Provide examples not listed in your resume, and expand upon things mentioned only briefly in your resume. Your cover letter should have a distinct purpose regarding your application.
• Edit, edit, edit.  Errors in your cover letter  can hurt your chances of getting an interview. Errors make you look sloppy, or worse, not educated. Be sure to thoroughly read your letter before submitting it. Consider asking a friend or colleague to read it as well to check for typos, grammatical errors, and confusing language.

Key Takeaways

• Writing a cover letter makes the hiring manager's job easier, by highlighting exactly why you're the right match for the role. That gives your application an edge. 
• Even if the company doesn't specifically request a cover letter, it's a good idea to write one if you're interested in the role at hand. 
• Skip a cover letter if the employer says not to write one, or if there isn't a place to include one in an online application form. 

Should You Send a Cover Letter If Not Requested (With 3 Examples)?

Introduction.

Applying for a job can be a daunting task, and one question that often comes up is whether to include a cover letter when it's not explicitly requested. A cover letter serves as an introduction and a chance to showcase your writing and communication skills, as well as provide additional context for your resume. Including a cover letter when it's not specifically requested can give job seekers an advantage by demonstrating their interest, professionalism, and qualifications for the position, with some exceptions. In this article, we will explore the reasons to include a cover letter, the exceptions to the rule, the importance of tailoring the cover letter, and tips for writing an impressive cover letter.

Reasons to Include a Cover Letter

There are several reasons why including a cover letter can be beneficial when applying for a job, even if it's not explicitly requested.

Showcases your writing and communication skills: A well-written cover letter demonstrates your ability to communicate effectively, which is an essential skill in many industries. According to a BBC Worklife article , companies may ask for cover letters to influence the quality of applicants and assess their communication skills.

Allows you to expand on your resume and provide additional context: A cover letter gives you the opportunity to elaborate on your accomplishments and experiences, showing how they are relevant to the position you're applying for. As explained in a My Job Search article , cover letters and resumes complement each other, with the cover letter providing context and a deeper understanding of your qualifications.

Helps you stand out from the competition: In a job market where the average position receives over 100 applications, a cover letter can help you stand out from the crowd. A Coursera article states that including a cover letter can be an excellent way to differentiate yourself from other applicants.

Demonstrates your enthusiasm for the position and company: A personalized cover letter shows that you've done your research and are genuinely interested in the company and the role. This enthusiasm can make a strong impression on hiring managers.

Tailoring the cover letter to the specific job can show your attention to detail: Addressing the specific requirements of the job posting and using keywords from the job description can demonstrate your attention to detail and commitment to the position.

Importance of Tailoring the Cover Letter

A well-tailored cover letter can significantly enhance your job application. Here are some tips to ensure your cover letter is tailored to the specific position and company:

Address the specific requirements of the job posting: Carefully read the job description and address how your skills and experiences align with the requirements of the position.

Use keywords from the job description: Including relevant keywords from the job description can help your application pass through applicant tracking systems and catch the attention of hiring managers.

Show how your experience and skills match the position: Provide specific examples of how your past experiences and skills make you a strong candidate for the role.

Research the company and mention its values or recent news: Demonstrating your knowledge of the company's values, culture, or recent news shows your genuine interest in the organization.

Describe how you can contribute to the company's goals: Explain how your unique skills and experiences can help the company achieve its objectives and contribute to its success.

In conclusion, including a cover letter when it's not requested can be advantageous in many cases, as it demonstrates your interest, professionalism, and qualifications for the position. However, there are exceptions to this rule, and it's essential to tailor your cover letter to the specific job and company to increase your chances of success.

Examples of Successful Cover Letters

Studying successful cover letters can provide invaluable insight into what makes them effective. They can inspire and guide you when crafting your own. Below are examples of cover letters across various industries that have led to job offers.

Tech Industry Example

Marketing industry example, healthcare industry example.

Each of these examples demonstrates important components of an effective cover letter:

• Addressing the hiring manager by name, showcasing attention to detail and personalization.
• Exhibiting genuine enthusiasm for the company and its mission.
• Providing specific instances of relevant experience and skills.
• Mentioning recent company news or initiatives, signaling thorough research.
• Concluding with an invitation for further discussion, indicating eagerness for an interview.

Using these examples as a template, you can craft a tailored and persuasive cover letter that highlights your unique qualifications and enthusiasm for the position.

Tips for Writing an Impressive Cover Letter

To craft a cover letter that stands out, follow these best practices:

Start with a strong opening that grabs the reader's attention: A compelling opening sets the tone for the rest of the letter and encourages the hiring manager to continue reading. For example, mention a specific accomplishment or experience that directly relates to the job you're applying for.

Keep the content concise and focused: A cover letter should be no more than one page in length, so focus on the most relevant and compelling information. Avoid repeating information from your resume; instead, provide additional context or expand on specific accomplishments.

Use action words and quantify your accomplishments: Use strong verbs and provide specific numbers or percentages whenever possible to demonstrate the impact of your work.

Proofread carefully and avoid errors: Typos, grammatical errors, and other mistakes can undermine your credibility and give the impression that you lack attention to detail. Use tools like Grammarly or ask someone to review your cover letter to ensure it is error-free.

Close with a call to action and express your eagerness for an interview: Politely request an opportunity to discuss your qualifications further and convey your enthusiasm for the position.

In most cases, including a cover letter when it's not requested can be advantageous, as it demonstrates your interest, professionalism, and qualifications for the position. However, there are exceptions to this rule, and it's essential to tailor your cover letter to the specific job and company to increase your chances of success. By studying examples of successful cover letters and following best practices, you can craft a compelling cover letter that helps you stand out from the competition and land your dream job. Best of luck in your job search!

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Should I include Cover Letter if not asked

I am applying for a job, but they don't ask for Cover Letter. Should I include a cover letter anyway. If I was on the hiring end, I would look straight at the applicant's resume, and if I am interested, invite them for interview.

• cover-letter

5 Answers 5

I use the resume as a general purpose document. I customize the cover letter to specifically state in what ways my work experience and skills set fit the prospective employer's requirements.

The alternative to writing a good cover letter would be for me to create a different resume for each position I am applying for, and I am not about to drive myself crazy doing that.

You can send your resume as-is without a cover letter but if I were the recipient, I'd throw your resume in the trash. I'd figure that if you won't take the time to make the argument as to why you are a good candidate, I don't have to make the time to read your resume either. I am not about to squint through your resume and make for you your argument as to why we should see you for an interview.

• OUCH!!!! I appreciate your candid reply, cover letter it is!!! –  Glowie Commented Jul 18, 2014 at 23:59
• 3 @Glowie Make it a good one :) I've seen a few too many carelessly written cover letters. Remember, the prospective employer doesn't know you from Adam, and you are really introducing yourself to the prospective employer in the cover letter. –  Vietnhi Phuvan Commented Jul 19, 2014 at 0:22
• I certainly shall. As it is I tailor each resume to reflect what they are looking for. I make sure I highlight the technologies, and I use same adjectives they mentioned on job announcement –  Glowie Commented Jul 19, 2014 at 0:33
• 2 @Glowie You don't need to be super tight on the tecnologies - more than one prospective employer has the unfortunate habit of listing a laundry list without mentioning which technologies are critical to them. In the cover letter, you don't just say you know javascript, you tell them that you are a full stack javascript demon. You are not just a systems engineer, you are a crack systems engineer. –  Vietnhi Phuvan Commented Jul 19, 2014 at 1:25
• Well, I look at the list of technologies and if I ever used it, I explain how I used it to complete a task I am responsible for, i.e. I create PowerShell scripts to update our databases. But I do like "full stack javascript demon" :-) –  Glowie Commented Jul 19, 2014 at 1:29

I am applying for a job, but they don't ask for Cover Letter. Should I include a cover letter anyway.

Unless you are applying through a forms-based website that prevents attaching a cover letter, or unless the job posting specifically mentions "no cover letters", then Yes - include a cover letter anyway .

A cover letter lets you expand on your fit for the position. It's less structured than a resume, and allows you to highlight specific areas that make you a great candidate for that specific job, in that specific company.

It makes sense to put some extra effort into your attempt to land a good job. Write a cover letter specifically for each individual application. Include it whenever you can.

A good resume is like seeing that a smartphone has a 4GHz processor and 8GB of RAM. A good cover is letter is like seeing the first cell phone or smartphone...seeing those pieces in action to spark a narrative in your head that can excite you about concrete possibilities. It's good to have the second ready to follow up if not to lead in.

More formally...Transition Cases:

Converting "Resume and Cover Letter" to "Resume" = when closing thumb and forefinger to grip paper, do not catch front page between fingers.

Converting "Resume" to "Resume and Cover Letter" = look up contact info, contact person, express what you want, wait some time, return to communication medium, download item, open item.

Option #1 puts them in an easy position to correct to the state they want.

No, don't provide a boilerplate cover letter unless there is something you truly need to share. Not all positions are special snowflakes, a good part of openings can be sufficiently covered by a well-written generic resume.

As of 2018, more and more recruiters are making the cover letter optional and in my opinion they recognize that in some cases it's just a noise, making life just a bit harder for both the candidate and for the recruiter.

Nowadays these positions that explicitly require cover letters have an obligatory field in their online application form; these where it's optional have an optional field. No field? Assume they probably don't need a (boilerplate) cover letter.

If you need to share thoughts that are specific to your fit for that job/company, I am sure every recruiter will be happy to read your letter.

I do not read resumes submitted without cover letters. I can't take the time to go through your resume without some kind of introduction and sense of who you are outside of your laundry list of employment.

• 1 My manager just throws cover letters in the bin and then skims CVs for interesting stuff. I guess one's mileage varies quite bit on this issue. –  rath Commented May 30, 2016 at 9:31

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When to Include a Cover Letter: Tips & Examples

A cover letter is a crucial part of job applications that often plays a role in separating successful candidates from the rest. A cover letter serves as an introduction to a prospective employer and highlights why you are the perfect fit for the job. It is a complementary document that should accompany your resume.

In this article, we will discuss when to include a cover letter in your job applications, where it is necessary, and some tips and examples to help you make your cover letter stand out. Whether you are a recent graduate, changing careers, or just looking to enhance your job search chances, this guide will equip you with the knowledge and tools needed to write an effective cover letter.

So, let’s explore different scenarios and give you insights into how a well-written cover letter can boost your chances of getting your dream job.

Circumstances When You Should Always Include a Cover Letter

If you want to increase your chances of getting the job, make sure to include a cover letter in these specific scenarios:

• Applying for a job that explicitly requires a cover letter

Many job listings include instructions to submit a cover letter along with your resume. If a company explicitly asks for a cover letter, it’s essential to follow their instructions, or you risk being disqualified for not providing all the required application materials.

• Applying for a job in a creative or communications industry

In industries such as advertising, marketing, or public relations, a cover letter is often used as a way to showcase your creativity, writing skills, and personality. For these jobs, the cover letter is an opportunity to demonstrate your strengths and sell yourself as a perfect candidate beyond your skillset.

• Applying for a job in a competitive field

If you’re applying for a job in an industry that is known to be highly competitive, you must send a cover letter. In this context, a cover letter helps you stand out from the crowd, differentiate yourself from other job seekers, and demonstrate your interest and commitment to the job.

Remember, always tailor your cover letter to the job you’re applying for, make it personalized, and show the employer that you understand the company’s values, mission, and culture. A well-written cover letter can be what sets you apart from other job applicants and lands you the interview you’re hoping for.

Factors to Consider Before Deciding Whether to Include a Cover Letter

When applying for a job, it’s important to consider whether or not to include a cover letter. While some job postings may specifically request a cover letter, others may not mention it at all. Here are three key factors to consider before making your decision:

1. The Company Culture and Expectations

Before deciding whether to include a cover letter, consider the company culture and expectations. If you’re applying for a job at a startup, for example, the hiring manager may be looking for candidates who are passionate and driven, and a well-crafted cover letter may be the key to standing out. On the other hand, if you’re applying for a more formal, traditional company, a cover letter may be seen as unnecessary or even outdated.

2. The Job Posting and Job Description

Another important factor to consider is the job posting and job description. If the job listing specifically requests a cover letter, you should definitely include one. On the other hand, if the job description doesn’t mention a cover letter, you should still carefully consider whether one is appropriate. If the job is highly competitive, a cover letter may be an opportunity to set yourself apart from other applicants.

3. Your Previous Interaction With the Employer

Finally, consider your previous interaction with the employer. If you’ve already had contact with the hiring manager or others at the company, a cover letter may be a great way to build on that relationship and demonstrate your enthusiasm for the position. On the other hand, if you don’t have any prior interaction with the company, a cover letter may come across as presumptuous or even annoying.

The decision to include a cover letter should be carefully considered on a case-by-case basis. By taking the time to think through these three key factors, you’ll be better equipped to make an informed decision and set yourself up for success in the job application process.

Benefits of Including a Cover Letter

There are many benefits to including a cover letter in your job application. Here are a few of the most important:

1. A chance to expand on your qualifications

Your resume is an important tool for showcasing your qualifications and experience to potential employers, but sometimes it can be difficult to convey everything you want to say in just a few bullet points. A cover letter provides an opportunity to expand on your qualifications and explain how your skills and experiences make you a good fit for the job.

2. An opportunity to demonstrate your communication skills

In many jobs, strong communication skills are essential. By including a well-written cover letter with your application, you can demonstrate your ability to write clearly and persuasively. This can be especially important if the job you’re applying for requires you to communicate with clients, colleagues, or stakeholders.

3. A way to show your enthusiasm and interest in the job

Employers want to hire people who are genuinely excited about the job they’re applying for. A cover letter is a great way to show your enthusiasm and interest in the position. You can talk about why you’re drawn to the company and what you find exciting about the job, which can help you stand out from other candidates.

Including a cover letter in your job application can be a great way to showcase your qualifications, communication skills, and enthusiasm for the job. By taking the time to craft a thoughtful, well-written cover letter, you can increase your chances of landing an interview and ultimately getting the job.

Parts of a Strong Cover Letter

Writing a strong cover letter is crucial in making an outstanding first impression on potential employers. It is your chance to showcase your qualifications, enthusiasm, and personality. In this section, we will discuss the essential parts of an effective cover letter to help increase your chances of being called in for an interview.

The Opening Paragraph

The opening paragraph is where you should grab the reader’s attention and give a brief introduction of yourself. Start by mentioning the job position you are applying for and how you came to know about it. You can also make a strong statement telling the reader why you are the best candidate for the job. However, avoid being too generic or using cliché statements such as “I am a hard-working, dedicated team player.” Instead, show examples of how you have excelled in previous positions or coursework and relate them to the job you are applying for.

The body of your cover letter is where you should provide more information about your qualifications and experience. Use this section to highlight specific examples of your skills that make you an excellent candidate for the job. You can also mention any relevant achievements or accomplishments that you have attained in your career. Be sure to use keywords from the job posting to showcase how your experience aligns with the position you are applying for.

It’s essential to structure your letter coherently and highlight the key points. Break your writing into paragraphs with each one detailing a particular point. Use bullet points to provide examples of your accomplishments and how you can benefit the company. However, don’t make the letter too long or too short, aim for around three paragraphs, and ensure it’s easy to skim through quickly.

The Closing Paragraph

The closing paragraph of your cover letter is where you should reiterate your interest in the role and why you would be an asset to the company. Thank the reader for taking the time to read your application and provide information on how they can contact you. Be sure to include your email and phone number. End with a call-to-action asking for an opportunity to discuss your qualifications further or schedule an interview.

Writing a strong cover letter takes effort, but it is worth it if you want to stand out from the competition. By following the essential parts of an effective cover letter, you can increase your chances of obtaining an interview and landing your dream job. Remember to tailor each cover letter to the job you are applying for and showcase your skills and experience in the best possible light.

Tips for Writing a Standout Cover Letter

When it comes to creating an outstanding cover letter, following these tips will help you stand out from the competition:

Highlighting accomplishments instead of duties

Don’t just list your job duties. Instead, focus on highlighting specific accomplishments and successes you’ve achieved in your previous roles. By showcasing your achievements, you demonstrate your value to potential employers and provide concrete examples of your skills and expertise.

Addressing the employer’s pain points

Take the time to research the company and understand their pain points. Then, show how your skills and experience can help them solve these problems. By addressing their concerns directly, you show that you’re invested in helping the company succeed.

Using keywords from the job posting

Carefully review the job description and use relevant keywords and phrases in your cover letter. This helps you to align your application with the employer’s needs and highlights your qualifications. However, make sure to use them naturally and not overdo it.

Avoiding generic language

Avoid using generic language and buzzwords in your cover letter. Instead, use specific, impactful language that shows your expertise and experience. Show, rather than tell, how you can bring value to the company.

Tailoring the cover letter to the specific job opening

Each cover letter should be specifically tailored to the job opening you’re applying for. This shows the employer that you’re serious about the position and are invested in the role. By demonstrating your knowledge of the company and the job, you increase your chances of getting noticed.

By applying these tips, you’ll be well on your way to crafting a standout cover letter that showcases your skills, experience, and value to potential employers.

Sample Cover Letter for a Traditional Job Application

If you’re applying for a traditional job opening, it’s important to submit a well-written cover letter that showcases your qualifications and experience. Here’s an example of a cover letter that follows a traditional format and style:

[Your Name]   [Street Address]   [City, State ZIP Code]   [Email Address]   [Phone Number]   [Date]

[Hiring Manager’s Name]   [Company Name]   [Street Address]   [City, State ZIP Code]

Dear Hiring Manager,

I am excited to apply for the [Job Title] position at [Company Name], as advertised on [Source of Job Ad]. With [Number of Years] years of experience in [Field/Industry], I am confident that my skills and expertise make me a strong candidate for this role.

As a [Previous Position] at [Current/Previous Company], I honed my skillset in [Key Qualifications/Experience Mentioned in Job Ad]. Specifically, I have experience in [Skill/Experience 1], [Skill/Experience 2], [Skill/Experience 3], and [Skill/Experience 4]. I am confident that my strong attention to detail and problem-solving skills, combined with my experience in [Field/Industry], make me a valuable asset to the [Company Name] team.

In my previous positions, I have consistently demonstrated my ability to [Expand on Previous Achievements or Highlights]. These skills make me an ideal candidate for the [Job Title] position. I believe that my experience combined with my passion for [Relevant Industry/Field] make me a strong fit for [Company Name] and its mission.

I am eager to learn more about this opportunity and explore how my skills and experience can help [Company Name] drive success in [Specific Area/Department Mentioned in Job Ad]. Thank you for considering my application for the [Job Title] position at [Company Name]. I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Sample Cover Letter for a Creative Job Application

As a creative professional with a passion for design and storytelling, I am excited to apply for the [Job Title] position at [Company Name]. With [Number of Years] years of experience in [Related Field], I am confident that my skills, achievements, and creative vision align perfectly with the job requirements.

In my current role as [Current Position] at [Current Company], I have honed my skills in [Related Skills], delivering exceptional results to [Achievements]. I am particularly proud of [One of Your Best Achievements], where I [Description/Result of Achievement]. These experiences have helped me build a strong foundation in [Related Skills and Themes], which I believe will be valuable in the [Job Title] role.

What excites me most about [Company Name] is your dedication to [Related Vision/Values], as well as your focus on [Main Responsibilities of the Job Title Position]. These align closely with my own values and goals, and I am eager to bring my talents to [Company Name] to help achieve those goals. I am particularly drawn to [Related Projects or Initiatives], and I look forward to contributing my experience and creativity to these efforts.

My passion for design and storytelling extends beyond the workplace, as well. In my free time, I enjoy [Related Hobbies or Projects], which have further developed my eye for design and my ability to communicate compelling stories. I believe these experiences have given me a unique perspective and skillset that will benefit [Company Name] greatly.

Thank you for considering my application for the [Job Title] position at [Company Name]. I appreciate the opportunity to share my passion, experience, and vision, and I look forward to the chance to contribute my talents to [Company Name].

Sample Cover Letter for a Job with Limited Experience

If you’re applying for a job with limited work experience, writing a cover letter can be daunting. However, a well-crafted cover letter can make all the difference in catching a hiring manager’s attention and landing an interview. Here is an example cover letter you can customize for your own job search:

This cover letter follows a standard format while highlighting the applicant’s relevant skills and enthusiasm for the position. Use specific examples and quantify your accomplishments whenever possible to show what value you can bring to the company.

Remember, even if you don’t have a lot of work experience, you can still demonstrate your potential and enthusiasm for the job through your cover letter. Good luck with your job search!

When Not to Include a Cover Letter

While cover letters are commonly included with job applications, there are some instances where they may not be necessary or useful. Here are some examples of when you may want to skip the cover letter:

You Are Applying Through an Online Application System

Many companies utilize online job application systems that require applicants to fill out a standard form, upload their resume, and answer basic questions about their qualifications. In these cases, there may not be an option to submit a separate cover letter. Additionally, the hiring manager may not even see the cover letter if it is not specifically requested.

The Job Posting Does Not Request a Cover Letter

Some job postings may specifically request a cover letter, while others do not mention it at all. If the posting does not mention a cover letter, it is possible that including one may not be necessary or may even be viewed as irrelevant. However, it is still a good idea to research the company and tailor your application materials to fit their culture and values.

You Are Applying for a Position That Does Not Require Writing Skills

Cover letters are important because they provide an opportunity for the applicant to showcase their writing skills and convey their enthusiasm for the position. However, if the position does not require strong writing skills, such as a manual labor job, including a cover letter may not add much value to your application.

Your Resume Speaks for Itself

In some cases, your resume may be strong enough to stand alone and effectively communicate your qualifications and experience. If your resume already contains all the information relevant to the job posting and showcasing your skills, a cover letter may not be necessary.

You Have a Previous Relationship with the Hiring Manager

If you already have an established relationship with the hiring manager, such as through a professional network or previous job, a cover letter may not be necessary. The hiring manager may already know your experience and qualifications, making a cover letter redundant.

It is important to carefully consider the circumstances of each job application to determine whether or not to include a cover letter. By assessing the requirements and expectations of the employer, you can make an informed decision that will showcase your qualifications and increase your chances of landing the job.

Mistakes to Avoid When Writing a Cover Letter

When it comes to writing a cover letter, avoiding mistakes is just as important as including the right information. Here are some common mistakes to avoid:

1. Failing to Customize the Letter

One of the biggest cover letter mistakes is failing to personalize the letter to the job you’re applying for. Don’t just recycle the same generic letter for every job you apply to. Instead, take the time to tailor your letter to the specific position and company. This may involve doing some research to learn more about the company’s culture, values, and goals, and incorporating that information into your letter.

2. Repeating Your Resume

Your cover letter should complement your resume, not simply repeat it. Don’t just rehash the information from your resume. Instead, use your letter to expand on your experiences and skills, and to explain why you’re a good fit for the position. This is your chance to showcase your personality and communication skills, so make the most of it.

3. Using a Generic Greeting

Addressing your letter to “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear Sir/Madam” is a red flag to hiring managers that you haven’t done your research. Take the time to find out who the hiring manager is, and address your letter to them instead. If you can’t find the name of the hiring manager, consider using a more generic yet professional greeting, such as “Dear Hiring Manager.”

4. Being Too Informal

While you want to showcase your personality in your letter, it’s important to maintain a professional tone. Avoid using slang or overly casual language, and make sure to use proper grammar and spelling. It’s also a good idea to avoid sharing personal information or details that aren’t relevant to the position.

5. Making it Too Long

Your cover letter should be short and to the point, typically no more than one page. Hiring managers are busy people, and they don’t want to read a lengthy document. Instead, focus on highlighting your most relevant experiences and skills, and explain why you’re a good fit for the position.

6. Not Proofreading

Finally, one of the biggest cover letter mistakes is failing to proofread before submitting. Even a small typo or error can make a bad impression on the hiring manager. Before sending your letter, take the time to read it through carefully and make any necessary edits.

By avoiding these common mistakes, you can create a strong and effective cover letter that will help you stand out from the competition. Remember, your letter is your chance to make a good first impression, so make it count.

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Do you still need to include a cover letter with your resume?

Not all job postings ask for a cover letter, and it can be challenging to figure out if you should submit one. Should you include a cover letter even if it's not mentioned in the ad? There are many conflicting opinions about whether a cover letter is still relevant in the current job market and whether it is necessary to get ahead in an interview process. Others believe that a cover letter is the only opportunity to show what you bring to the job in a way that you cannot convey in your resume or online profile. But surprisingly, despite being criticized for years, cover letters may be more important than ever.

Workable's content team brings its HR & employment expertise to Resources.

Are cover letters still relevant in 2022?

Traditionally, cover letters serve as a supplement to your resume. They allow you to show your personality and outline why you are interested in the job. However, because it takes a lot of time to write a cover letter, job seekers are often reluctant to include it.

Writing a cover letter can be daunting if you are not good at writing. It’s easy to see why creative industries need a good cover letter, but for other sectors where you need to sell your technical skills, it seems a little too much to ask to get the job.

Cover letter writing can feel like a chore compared to other application processes like LinkedIn’s Easy Apply, which only requires one click. And when some recruiters openly admit that they do not read cover letters, at least not immediately after seeing an application, it’s hard to know how much effort you should put into a cover letter in the first place.

But there’s never been a better time to write a cover letter as part of your application. Here’s why:

A cover letter shows that you are a serious applicant

The cover letter you write reflects the work you are willing to put into the job. It indicates that you are serious about applying for the position. Companies may ask for a cover letter or resume – instead of an online application form like Easy Apply – because it influences the quality of applicants. Without a cover letter, recruiters receive many incomplete applications or applications from people who are “fishing” for a new job and thereby screen them out . A cover letter adds value to your application and shows that you are interested in the company or the job.

Cover letters are important when you have a career gap

Many applicants have an employment gap due to long-term unemployment or the inability to find work during the pandemic. Others are looking for work that is more meaningful to them or offers them more flexibility. Your cover letter is important because it allows you to explain gaps in your work history and your reasons for changing careers. A good cover letter often answers in advance the questions a hiring manager might ask after reading your resume.

When will your cover letter be read?

A cover letter is not valued equally by all companies, industries, or positions. Some companies put a lot of emphasis on it because they want to identify a specific skill or passion. Others may see a cover letter as a sign that the applicant cares enough to put more thought into the process.

Large companies and small companies approach cover letter reviews differently. At large companies, they may not read cover letters right away but likely will be read as the process continues. At smaller companies, especially startups, they may read them much earlier. Some larger companies have AI-monitored application portals that scan their applications and then decide whether or not to read a cover letter. But many do not have this sophisticated system, so the cover letter may be the first time the employer hears from the applicant.

You can never be sure what the hiring manager is looking for or when they will read your cover letter. That’s why, as an applicant, you should write a cover letter – even though it often feels like you are wasting your time.

How to save time when writing a cover letter

Creating a custom cover letter can be time-consuming, but sometimes it’s necessary. To save you time and anxiety, use a pre-formatted template and fill in the blanks to talk about the job or company you are applying for. You do not want to sound too generic, but efficiency is key when job hunting. Do your research and weigh the time it takes to write it against the chance you’ll be invited for an interview.

When not to write a cover letter

Is a cover letter required? It depends. You should submit a cover letter when requested, but there are also a few instances when you do not need a cover letter.

1. If the application does not ask for a cover letter

If the application does not ask for a cover letter, it’s best to follow the instructions. You don’t want to annoy your potential employer with something they didn’t ask for.

2. If you do not have time to personalize it

A well-written cover letter is a testament to your writing skills, but the opposite is true. If you don’t want to spend the time crafting a pitch-perfect cover letter that highlights your skills, do not bother.

3. If you have nothing new to say

Recruiters expect you to have a well-written cover letter. It should be compelling and impressive but not a carbon copy of your resume. If you are applying for a specific company, you should highlight why you admire that company. Don’t talk about your work history and skills when writing your cover letter. Your resume should do that.

If you have decided that your resume still needs a cover letter to get you an interview, try using a cover letter sample or an email cover letter to get you started.

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Do I Need to Include a Cover Letter, Even if It’s Not Required?

• August 11, 2021
• Job Seekers

One of the standard parts of most job application processes is the cover letter. Composing cover letters during your job search is time-consuming, but it’s extremely important. But should you include a cover letter with your application, even if it’s not a requirement? Let’s take a closer look at some of the rules and recommendations around cover letters.

What’s the point of a cover letter?

Your resume is important for showing the employer your experience, education, and skills. But the cover letter is your opportunity to sell yourself. It lets you explain why you’re an ideal candidate for the role, and why you’re interested in the job. It serves as the first introduction between you and the employer — and first impressions make all the difference. A well-written expertly crafted cover letter is simply the best way to increase your chances of landing a job.

When should I write a cover letter?

Simply put, it’s always best to err on the side of caution and include a cover letter in your job application (with a few exceptions, described below). Most job applications will have a clear place to add a cover letter. It serves as the perfect opportunity to introduce yourself and make a good first impression. Additionally, cover letters are great places to include details that aren’t found on your resume. Volunteer experience that relates to the job, your willingness to relocate for the position, or an explanation of an employment gap, for example.

When shouldn’t I write a cover letter?

One of the few times that you’ll want to avoid submitting a cover letter is when the employer or job application expressly instructs that you shouldn’t give one. Also, if there’s no way to attach or paste in a cover letter, you can forego it. Otherwise, it’s always best to assume that the employer wants a cover letter and to go ahead and write one.

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What Should You Include in Your Cover Letter? [w/ Tips for 2024]

You’ve spent weeks job hunting, and you’ve found the perfect job.

Your resume is all set, and you’re almost ready to send your application.

There’s just one thing left—you’re writing a cover letter to create a flawless job application.

The only issue? You're not sure what exactly to include in your cover letter.

There’s no need to worry! We’re here to help

In this article, we’re going to cover:

• What Is a Cover Letter
• What Elements Should Your Cover Letter Include
• What You Shouldn’t Include in Your Cover Letter

Let’s get started.

What is a Cover Letter?

A cover letter is a document that you send as part of your job application, along with your resume or CV .

The cover letter’s purpose is to introduce you and briefly summarize why your professional background makes you the right person for the job.

On average, a cover letter should be between 250 and 400 words long and fit neatly on one page.

A cover letter is one of your first forms of communication with a hiring manager. It’s your opportunity to present yourself in your own words, stand out from other candidates, and get the hiring manager interested in learning more about you.

Let’s take a look at an example of what a cover letter looks like:

Why Do Cover Letters Matter?

After you’ve spent so long making the perfect resume , you might be wondering why you should even write a cover letter.

The truth is that while not all employers request a cover letter, you should always include one with your job application.

Adding a cover letter to your job application shows the hiring manager you’re willing to go the extra mile for the job, and you’re not just randomly applying and hoping your application sticks.

A cover letter is your opportunity to give the hiring manager more information about you as a candidate. This is your chance to personalize your application and provide additional information on your skills and experiences that align with what the employer is looking for and that you didn’t have space on your resume for.

But your cover letter is also your chance to go beyond your most important skills and experience. You can use it to talk about your passion for the industry or your enthusiasm to join this specific company’s team and show the hiring manager that you’re serious about the role.

If your cover letter is good, it can complement your resume and get you that much closer to an interview.

A badly written cover letter, on the other hand, could undermine even the best resume and lead to your application getting tossed in the ‘no’ pile, so it’s crucial to get this document right.

Need help preparing for an interview? Check out our guide to the most common interview questions and how to answer them!

What Elements Should You Include in a Cover Letter?

There are a few key elements you need to include to write a successful cover letter .

Let’s take a look at them one by one:

#1. A Professional Template

Your cover letter should be easy on the eyes and even easier to navigate.

This means you have to set the right page margins, adjust the line spacing, choose an appropriate font , and set it to the correct size, all while making sure your text never spills onto page two.

But what if there’s an easier way? 

Just use one of our cover letter templates instead.

Our free resume builder comes with built-in resume templates that you can match with a cover letter template for a stylish application.

You can automatically set your font style, size, and even the dimensions of the paper you intend to print it on - standard A4 or US letter format.

#2. Neatly-Split Paragraphs

A cover letter should be easy to navigate at a glance.

If your cover letter is a huge chunk of text that fully covers the entire page, without paragraphs or ample white space, it’s going to look cramped and leave a bad impression on the hiring manager.

This is where your cover letter’s formatting comes in. You should divide the contents of your cover letter into a header with contact information, and then split the actual text into an opening paragraph, a main body, a conclusion, and a formal closing line.

Be sure to also use line breaks and bullet points to break up your paragraphs to increase your cover letter’s readability.

This can make it seem less of an overwhelming read to the hiring manager and easier for them to skim through it all to find what they’re looking for.

#3. The Date of Writing

The exact date you write your cover letter may seem like a small detail, but it can actually add an extra touch of professionalism to your job application.

This can help the hiring manager keep track of when you’ve applied for the role, and it reflects your attention to detail .

Just keep in mind that the format of the date should align with the standard in the country where you're applying. For example, in the US , the mm-dd-yyyy format (e.g., May 22, 2024 ) is the go-to, whereas most other countries prefer the dd-mm-yyyy format (e.g., 22 January 2024 ).

#4. Your Interest in the Company

It’s important to tailor your cover letter for the specific job you’re applying for to show the hiring manager that you’re a serious candidate who’s done their homework about the position.

This is why the body of your letter should always include a paragraph where you clearly explain why you’re interested in the specific company.

Start by doing some research on the employer . You have to show the hiring manager that you understand what makes the company unique and how you align with their values and needs.

Think about what you genuinely like about the company you’re applying for. Whether it’s their remote working conditions, their focus on diversity or sustainability, or something else entirely, be sure to mention it in your cover letter.

If you’ve used a product or service that the company provides, say so in your cover letter. On top of that, highlight what specific aspects of the company resonate with your career goals , such as their innovative methods or cutting-edge market strategy, that you want to be a part of.

You can also take the time to explain why you’re excited about the job itself. Talk about how your unique experience and skills make you a suitable candidate and how you’re confident you can contribute to the company’s goals.

Looking to write a cover letter for an internship ? Check out our detailed guide!

#5. A Call to Action

Every cover letter should end with a strategic call to action.

Your call to action can be a polite statement prompting the hiring manager to get in touch with you to go over your application or to discuss how you could contribute to their team.

Adding a call to action at the end of your cover letter shows that you’re proactive and eager to move forward with the hiring process. This highlights your enthusiasm for the role and makes it more likely for the hiring manager to get in touch with you after putting down your cover letter.

Here’s an example of a call to action at the end of a cover letter :

I am very enthusiastic about the opportunity to discuss how my artwork can contribute to Happy Hippo Book Publisher’s track record as the best children’s storybook provider on the market. Please feel free to contact me at the provided phone number so that we can discuss my application further.

Want to give your cover letter an extra kick? Use these tried and tested cover letter tips !

What Sections Should You Include in a Cover Letter?

When writing your cover letter, you can easily split the process into several key sections.

Let’s break them down:

• Header with contact details. The top of your cover letter should include a designated header where you can input your contact information, such as your full name, email address, phone number, address, and links to any relevant social media. Make sure these details match your resume and double-check for any typos.
• Company details. Do your research so you know exactly who to address your cover letter to. Add the hiring manager’s name, department, the company’s name, and the company’s address.
• Personalized greeting. Skip the cliche and impersonal “To Whom It May Concern” and use a more memorable greeting instead. We recommend using “Ms.” or “Mr.” followed by the hiring manager’s last name.
• Opening paragraph. Your cover letter should start with a brief and attention-grabbing paragraph . This should include a couple of your top skills, an impressive achievement, or a relevant qualification.
• Main body. Take the time to explain some of your top achievements or skills in more detail, and cover anything you didn’t have the space to address in your resume.
• Conclusion. Recap the main points in your cover letter so far, then wrap it up with a polite call to action.
• Closing line. Choose an appropriate closing line to finish your cover letter with and sign your name underneath.

What Should You Never Include in a Cover Letter?

A cover letter allows you to personalize your application and provide more details about you to the hiring manager.

But that doesn’t mean everything should make the cut.

Let’s look at what you should never include in your cover letter:

#1. Irrelevant information

Your cover letter should be concise and focus on the most relevant details that make you the right candidate for the job.

Hiring managers don’t have all day to spend on your application, and when they’re reading your cover letter, they want to get to the point quickly. If your cover letter includes too many personal anecdotes or irrelevant experiences, like how you worked as a dog walker at 15, they might get bored and stop reading it altogether.

A cover letter is, first and foremost, a professional document, not a personal essay. This means that focusing too much on yourself, as well as your wants, needs, and opinions, is not a good idea.

Your cover letter should focus on what you can do for the employer, not what they can do for you. If you miss the mark here, you’ll come off as an inattentive candidate and won’t be getting an interview.

#2. Overly Long Paragraphs

A dense, difficult-to-read text can discourage a hiring manager from going through your cover letter.

For example, if the body of your cover letter is contained in a single, thick paragraph, the hiring manager might skim over it and miss your main points.

Long paragraphs can also make your cover letter look poorly organized and make you come across as someone with bad written communication skills . Your essential qualifications and skills can get lost in that sea of words and hide the most important information you want to convey.

Overly long paragraphs also imply a lack of consideration for the hiring manager’s time. Keeping your text concise and easy to follow is just as important as the content itself. Otherwise, your cover letter might not catch the hiring manager’s attention at all.

#3. Salary Expectations

Unless the employer specifically asks you to, it’s considered taboo to include salary expectations in your cover letter, and it can even leave a bad impression on the hiring manager.

Talking about money in your cover letter can make it seem like your primary interest in the job is the paycheck. And, while there’s nothing wrong with wanting a specific salary, this can seriously undermine what you want to convey to the hiring manager about your enthusiasm for joining the company and your professionalism.

You should also keep in mind that talking about salary expectations so early on can even put you at a disadvantage in potential salary negotiations . If you mention a high number too early on, the hiring manager might reject your application before you even make it past the initial screening. But if you go too low, you could undervalue yourself.

This is why it’s recommended that you discuss salary expectations during an interview once you already understand the full scope of the role and have more context.

Are you just getting started on the job market? Check out our guide to writing an entry-level cover letter !

#4. Excessive Flattery

Writing a cover letter doesn’t mean writing a love letter to the company you’re applying for.

You don’t need to shower the employer with compliments to get the hiring manager to like you. In fact, if you use too many compliments or describe the company in the exact words they use on its website, you’re going to be severely disappointed.

For example, most companies you apply to may describe themselves as “innovative” or “ team-focused .” If that’s all you can say about them in your cover letter, it tells the hiring manager that you never researched the employer or paid much attention to what they do.

If you genuinely hold the company’s values, mission, or culture close to your heart, there’s no harm in mentioning how they inspire you. Just remember to keep it professional and related to how you can enthusiastically contribute to their work.

#5. False Information

This should go without saying but lying on your cover letter is just as bad as lying on your resume – very bad.

We get it; you want to impress the hiring manager. But exaggerating or falsifying information to make yourself look like the coolest candidate ever can easily backfire.

On one hand, the hiring manager is probably going to catch onto you while reading your cover letter. They’re going to notice the inconsistencies you didn’t pay attention to, and they simply won’t call you.

But it could be even worse. You could land an interview, only to have the hiring manager discover the truth face to face. Your professional reputation could suffer some serious damage, beyond just an awkward interaction during the interview.

Trust us – lying isn’t worth it. You’re capable of writing a standout cover letter without exaggerating anything you can’t back up.

#6. Grammatical Mistakes

You should always proofread your cover letter before submitting it with your job application.

Even when you’re absolutely sure there are no mistakes, sometimes you might miss something that the hiring manager will notice immediately.

This is why we always recommend you do several rounds of proofreading and editing before finalizing your job application.

Start by carefully reading your cover letter out loud. It might sound a little weird, but it helps you notice any awkward phrases or words that are out of place.

Then, run it through a spell-checking tool like QuillBot or Grammarly . They can help you spot any errors you might have missed.

Finally, ask a friend or family member for help. A fresh pair of eyes can read your cover letter and notice mistakes that both you and your robot sidekick might have skipped over.

#7. Complaints About Employers

As a general rule, you should never badmouth your previous place of employment.

If you were unjustly fired or passed over for a promotion for personal reasons, these are best explained during an interview.

It’s important to always maintain professionalism when your past employer or coworkers are brought up, especially in your cover letter.

For example, instead of saying you had enough of a chaotic work environment, you could say you’re “looking forward to joining a team that values structure and accountability.”

Check out these more common cover letter mistakes and keep an eye out while writing your cover letter!

29 Cover Letter Examples

Looking for inspiration? Check out these perfect cover letter examples for different professions.

#1. Customer Service Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a customer service cover letter here.

#2. Marketing Executive Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a marketing executive cover letter here.

#3. Medical Assistant Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a medical assistant cover letter here.

#4. Consultant Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a consultant cover letter here.

#5. College Student Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a college student cover letter here.

#6. Retail Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a retail cover letter here.

#7. Team Leader Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a team leader cover letter here.

#8. Actor Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an actor cover letter here.

#9. Digital Marketing Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a digital marketing cover letter here.

#10. Executive Assistant Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an executive assistant cover letter here.

#11. Finance Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a finance cover letter here.

#12. Graphic Designer Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a graphic designer cover letter here.

#13. IT Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an IT cover letter here.

#14. Project Manager Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a project manager cover letter here.

#15. Sales Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a sales cover letter here.

#16. Accounting Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an accounting cover letter here.

#17. Business Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a business cover letter here.

#18. Dental Assistant Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a dental assistant cover letter here.

#19. Human Resources Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a human resources cover letter here.

#20. Nurse Practitioner Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a nurse practitioner cover letter here.

#21. Receptionist Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a receptionist cover letter here.

#22. Architect Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an architect cover letter here.

#23. Management Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a management cover letter here.

#24. Physician Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a physician cover letter here.

#25. Substitute Teacher Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a substitute teacher cover letter here.

#26. Software Engineer Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a software engineer cover letter here.

#27. Administrative Assistant Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an administrative assistant cover letter here.

#28. Mechanical Engineering Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a mechanical engineering cover letter here.

#29. Attorney Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an attorney cover letter here.

FAQs About What to Include in a Cover Letter

Do you still have some questions about what to include in a cover letter? Check out the answers to some of the most frequently asked questions on the topic!

#1. What is a good example of a cover letter?

There are plenty of great cover letter examples for different professions that you can look at.

Overall, a cover letter that’s well done starts with your contact information in a designated header at the top. Next, you have to add the hiring manager’s contact details and include a personalized greeting.

Write a strong opening paragraph that references the job you're applying for and includes a standout achievement or relevant experience that makes you a strong candidate.

Use the body of your cover letter to expand on your key skills and experiences that match what the employer is looking for. Give specific examples to illustrate your greatest accomplishments and how you gained your most impressive skills.

Wrap up your cover letter by recapping your key selling points and including a call to action that invites the hiring manager to reach out to you. Lastly, add a professional closing line and sign your name underneath.

#2. How do you start a cover letter?

The opening to your cover letter should be brief and attention-grabbing.

Your first few sentences should be something that makes the hiring manager want to learn more about you. You don’t want to give them too many details—just enough to pique their interest.

Explain why you’re writing and why you’re interested in the specific role. We recommend including keywords from the job ad , especially ones that match your most relevant skills, experiences, or impressive achievements.

#3. How do you write a unique cover letter?

Your cover letter is your chance to give the hiring manager a unique insight into you as a candidate. It’s your opportunity to stand out from the crowd using your own words.

The best way to write a unique cover letter is to start by researching the company and referencing anything you find attention-grabbing about it. You should be able to easily identify what you like about the specific employer, such as their contributions to the industry, their values, and reputation, and mention it in your cover letter.

Use a polite but conversational tone to convey both your professionalism and personality. Instead of using passive language to explain that you “managed” this or were “responsible for” that, take advantage of action verbs and power words to make your experiences stand out.

Avoid using generic phrases like how you’re a “team player” or have “ leadership skills ” alone, and instead provide concrete examples that back up the skills and experience that make you the right candidate for the job.

#4. Should a cover letter be fancy?

Since a cover letter is a formal document, you might be tempted to make it fancy.

There’s no need to go over the top with your cover letter. Adding too much decoration or creative flair can detract from the information you want to convey to the hiring manager.

Your focus should always be on writing a clear, concise, and well-organized text that gets your point across.

More traditional industries, like law or finance, should stick to minimalistic cover letter templates with a clean and simple layout.

For professionals aiming for creative industries like illustration or graphic design, a bit of color can make your application pop. Even then, it’s important to strike a balance between creativity and professionalism, so your cover letter’s text remains the hiring manager’s primary focus.

Key Takeaways

And that’s all there is to what you should include in your cover letter!

Hopefully, after reaching the end of our article, you feel confident that your cover letter covers all the necessary bases. Good luck on your job hunt!

But before we say goodbye, let’s briefly recap what we've covered so far:

• Your cover letter should be concise and avoid any irrelevant information. The hiring manager is interested in what you can do for the company, not in any personal information that doesn’t relate to the job.
• Overly long paragraphs and a messy layout can leave a bad impression. Instead of trying to format everything yourself, use an online cover letter builder.
• Our online resume builder offers resume templates and matching cover letter templates that you can use to create a stylish and professional job application in minutes.
• Dedicate a portion of your cover letter’s main body to express your genuine interest in the company and the specific role. Do some research beforehand so you can identify several things you genuinely like about the company and position you’re applying for.
• End your cover letter with a strategic call to action. This shows the hiring manager you’re eager to make it to the next step of the hiring process, and it makes it more likely for them to reach out to you.

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Should You Send a Cover Letter With a Resume If it Is Not Requested?

• Cover Letters
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How to Carry Yourself in an Interview

How to write references on a cv, how to tell an employer about yourself in a job interview.

• Good Salutations for Cover Letters
• How to Politely Turn Down a Job Offer I Already Accepted

A cover letter is your first opportunity to make an impression on a potential employer. Even if a cover letter is not requested, you should always include one with your resume. The cover letter allows you to highlight the parts of your resume that are most relevant to the position for which you’re applying. It lets you get personal and give the recruiter a glimpse at your passion and personality.

Keep it Brief

Recruiters must sift through dozens, sometimes hundreds, of resumes. They look for writing that’s expressive and short. Stick to two or three paragraphs in the cover letter. Include references to the job for which you’re applying or the ad to which you’re responding. Briefly explain your credentials and offer reasons why you’re the best candidate. Show off a little about how much you know about the company and how excited you are about the opportunity. End with a request for an interview.

Entice Recruiter

The purpose of a cover letter and resume is to land an interview. The cover letter should serve as an enticement for the hiring manager to take a deeper look at your resume and your qualifications. As explained by the employment experts at Indeed , a cover letter is a way to stand out among the field of candidates. It's an opportunity to show a personal side not revealed in your resume. It also gives you an opportunity to demonstrate to a prospective employer why you're the right fit for the job.

Use language in the cover letter that’s written in an active voice and entices the reader to want to know more about you. The cover letter is the marketing tool for your resume and serves as a way to individualize your submission.

Show Initiative

When posting jobs, recruiters don’t always request a cover letter, but that doesn’t mean they aren’t accepted. By including a well-crafted cover letter, you show the recruiter that you can take initiative. Sending a resume without a cover letter is unprofessional and can make you appear unenthusiastic or lazy.

Your Professional Ice Breaker

A cover letter is more than a mere formality and should be crafted individually for each job. Direct the letter to a specific person whenever possible. Call the company and verify the correct spelling of the name of the hiring manager. Use the cover letter to direct the recruiter to your resume as well as to include additional details that aren’t obvious on your resume. Consider the cover letter a necessary professional ice breaker.

Simple Cover Letter Guidelines

In an article on employment website LinkedIn, career advisors include these tips for writing a cover letter that can get you noticed:

• Be brief. Say what you need to say in 250 words or less.
• Begin with a statement about why you are seeking the position.
• Include two or three examples of how your past experience aligns with the new position.
• Proofread! If you're using the same cover letter for multiple submissions, be sure to change the heading and greeting to the correct addressee.

For sample cover letters, look at reputable online sources such as The University of Virginia Career Center .

• Indeed: Should You Include a Cover Letter?
• LinkedIn: Do You Really Need a Cover Letter?
• UVA Career Center: Sample Cover Letters

Linda Ray is an award-winning journalist with more than 20 years reporting experience. She's covered business for newspapers and magazines, including the "Greenville News," "Success Magazine" and "American City Business Journals." Ray holds a journalism degree and teaches writing, career development and an FDIC course called "Money Smart."

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More From Forbes

Do we really need to write cover letters in 2023.

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Composing a cover letter on the laptop

The earliest record of the cover letter for employment dates back to the 1950s according to The Atlantic, and has been used ever since as an addition to resumes, for candidates to prove to potential employers their desire and eligibility for posted roles. In recent years, however, especially since the post-pandemic unemployment upheaval, the choice of whether or not to include cover letters as part of the job application process has been a topic of contentious debate, and has left most candidates confused as to whether or not to include them, especially if the employer has not specifically requested them.

In a recent LinkedIn poll I conducted, more than 70% of respondents (a mix of recruiters, hiring managers, and candidates) voted that cover letters are no longer necessary as part of the shortlisting process. However, across the Internet, there were others who advocated its use, provided the right conditions were met.

The question remains, Should we write cover letters for jobs, even if they're not mandated in the application process?

When cover letters are needed

Emily Meekins , CEO and Founder of talent consultancy Workstrat, points out that she rarely reviews cover letters. "85% of the time, I can learn enough from your resume and LinkedIn profile. The application/interview process is time-consuming enough without a cover letter. I'd prefer candidates save their time and reapply it to other areas of their search." However, Meekins adds that she would look at a cover letter if she is on the fence and needs more information to help make an informed decision, or to check for quality of writing and communication skills.

I spoke with Yulia Saf , Founder and CEO of MissTourist.com, who has hired and led a team of up to 12 employees remotely, and asked her to share her experiences and insights on this topic. Saf revealed that cover letters have significantly impacted her decision to hire candidates on several occasions, noting that "candidates who include a persuasive cover letter often stand out during the shortlisting phase, as it provides insight into their passion and determination for the role."

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Writing with laptop

Maurizio Petrone , founder of the remote-first digital media start-up MustReadQuotes.com, has been hiring talent for over 15 years, and highlights that from his experience, "cover letters have played an essential element in hiring decisions, even when we didn't specifically request them. Out of the hundreds of candidates we shortlisted over the past five years, about 70% included cover letters in their applications. These letters helped shed light on their motivations and gave a better insight into their soft skills - things often not immediately evident in resumes."

Cover letters are a fantastic way to explore beyond the confines of one's resume and tell a compelling narrative about your career journey, motivations and aspirations for the job, and even transferable skills, especially for those facing perceived barriers in the workplace. This makes it an excellent choice for those making a career pivot or transition.

As Thomas Codevilla , business attorney, Co-Founder and hiring manager at SK&S Law Group points out, "A well-written cover letter allows candidates to tell a compelling narrative about their experiences and how they can uniquely contribute to our organization. On the hiring side, I know that ATS often play a role in screening applications. What many candidates might not realize is that incorporating relevant keywords from the job posting into their cover letters can significantly improve their chances of getting past this initial screening stage.

"As a recruiter, I appreciate it when candidates address their cover letters to a specific individual or mention a mutual connection within the company. It not only shows that they've done their research but also increases the likelihood that their application will catch my attention.

"A cover letter gives candidates the opportunity to address any potential red flags in their resume, such as employment gaps or career changes. When a candidate proactively explains these issues, it shows their transparency and willingness to provide context, which can positively influence my perception of their application."

Best practice when crafting your cover letter

While cover letters are a great way to demonstrate your value to a potential employer, you should always ensure that it actually delivers real value and is not a mere repetition of your resume, HR generalist Mary Pizana of personal injury law firm Herrman and Herrman cautions.

Man applying for a job on the internet

Kirsty Barden , Head of Business Development at MDS, a talent acquisition company with 37 years in the business, highlights some best practices to remember when writing up a cover letter:

Customise each cover letter

"Tailor your cover letter for each specific application and company. Address the hiring manager or recruiter by name if possible and demonstrate your knowledge of the company and the role you're applying for."

Highlight relevant experiences and skills

"Emphasise the experiences and skills from your CV that directly relate to the job description and requirements. Use specific examples to demonstrate your capabilities."

Showcase your passion

"Express genuine enthusiasm for the company and the opportunity. Explain why you are interested in the role and how it aligns with your career goals."

Keep it concise and focused

"A cover letter should be concise, typically one page. Avoid unnecessary details and maintain a clear focus on the key points you want to convey."

Be professional and error-free

"Pay close attention to grammar, spelling, and formatting. A well-written and error-free cover letter demonstrates attention to detail and professionalism."

Demonstrate cultural fit

"Highlight your alignment with the company's values and culture. Show that you are a team player and can thrive within the organization's environment."

End with a call to action

"Conclude the cover letter by expressing your interest in further discussing your qualifications and expressing gratitude for the opportunity to apply."

SKILL CONCEPT

Executive Cleaning Services Vice President Thomas Giarraputo recommends candidates use Venn diagrams when beginning to craft their cover letter. "Telling stories from your career is an excellent way to demonstrate your skills and give hiring managers a glimpse of your demeanor and work style.

"Always refer to the position's requirements in the job description when searching for appropriate anecdotes to share. It is also beneficial to conduct additional online investigation on the company to gain a sense of its culture. Before writing your cover letter, compare your talents to the position's requirements.

"Utilizing Venn diagrams can be useful for generating ideas and determining which competencies and experiences to highlight. After creating this diagram and identifying what belongs in both circles, overlapping topics will guide and inspire the content of your cover letter."

When cover letters should not be used

On the flip side, Sam Greinetz , Recruiting Partner at Signed Talent, points out that the recruitment industry has witnessed a significant shift over the past decade, with hundreds of candidates applying for one position where there were only 10-15 a few years ago, and certain industries which rely more on hard skills, such as the tech industry, do not have the capacity for hiring managers and recruiters to read every cover letter sent through.

Recruiter screening interview

Greinetz recommends trying a different approach to sending in your cover letter. "Rather than a cover letter, if someone is especially interested in a role, they are better off reaching out to the recruiter or hiring manager directly either via email or on Linkedin to reiterate their excitement. That message can be similar to what a cover letter would include and will allow them to stick out in a crowded applicant pool. Show that you've done some homework, personalize it, talk about the team, product, etc. and don't be afraid to follow-up after a few days if you haven't heard anything."

Anthony Allen , VP of Recruiting at Supply Chain Talent Advisors, states that while he agrees that most recruiters don't have the time to read cover letters, if one is to be written, "the candidate must personalize and tailor the cover letter. A generic, one-size-fits-all cover letter is easy to spot and often disregarded. To stand out, research the company and the role, and tailor your cover letter accordingly. Mention how your skills and experiences align with the job requirements and the company's goals. By doing this, you show the hiring manager that you understand their needs and can bring specific value to the position. This level of personalization is what can make a cover letter impactful, even in situations where its importance might be diminishing."

So what does all of this mean for job seekers?

In a nutshell:

• When applying for a job directly to an employer, use a cover letter that is well-personalized, tells impactful career stories, conveys your motivations for the role, and speaks to why you want to work for that particular employer. Demonstrate that you understand their pain-points, clients, and values, and that their mission and values align with yours.
• Think creatively of other ways to include a cover letter approach, such as sending an email or LinkedIn InMail to the hiring manager directly.
• Ensure your cover letter is not a repetition of your resume.
• Cover letters are best used when facing barriers such as career gaps, career transitions, lack of experience, or to increase competitive edge, especially for senior level roles.
• If applying for technical roles or applying directly through recruitment agencies, consider leaving the cover letter out altogether so as not to waste your time. Also take time to research if the industry you are entering or applying for roles in, typically reviews cover letters. After all, you don't want to waste your time or that of the recruiter/hiring manager.

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