special education teacher responsibilities

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Special Education Teacher job description

A Special Education Teacher is an educator who specializes in teaching children with physical, mental, emotional, and learning disabilities. They develop tailored teaching plans, collaborate with parents and support staff, and assess students’ progress to help them achieve important learning milestones.

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Use this Special Education Teacher job description sample to advertise relevant job openings at your school or child care service center. Feel free to tailor responsibilities and requirements to your needs.

What is a Special Education Teacher?

A Special Education Teacher educates children who face physical, mental, emotional, and learning disabilities. These teachers work in various settings, such as schools and child care centers.

What does a Special Education Teacher do?

Special Education Teachers develop teaching plans according to students’ learning needs. They search for activities and resources that can be easily adapted to each child’s educational requirements. They also collaborate with school counselors , occupational therapists , psychologists , and parents to help children develop and socialize.

Special Education Teacher job duties include:

• Assessing children’s skills and learning requirements
• Designing Individualized Educational Plans (IEPs)
• Collaborating with parents and school staff to track students’ progress

Hiring a special education teacher? Check the best Special Education Teacher interview questions .

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We are seeking a dedicated Special Education Teacher to join our team of educators.

In this role, you will be responsible for instructing groups of students with mild to moderate disabilities.

Your primary tasks will involve adapting the existing curriculum in core subjects such as math and writing to accommodate the individual learning needs of each student.

You will create personalized lesson plans tailored to their specific requirements. Additionally, you will collaborate with parents and support staff to address any significant factors that may hinder students’ progress.

Your ultimate goal will be to provide guidance and inspiration to help children achieve important learning milestones.

Responsibilities

• Assess students’ abilities and craft teaching plans
• Adapt learning materials to students’ needs
• Keep track of and reflect on students’ progress  
• Monitor children’s behavioral patterns and arrange appropriate interventions if needed
• Find engaging activities to teach skills (e.g. drawing and theater drama)
• Manage classroom crises and resolve conflict
• Prepare students for transition to the next grade
• Inform parents about their children’s performance and potential problems
• Coach/mentor other professionals who work with children with disabilities
• Collaborate with the support staff (e.g. school counselors and speech therapists) to create holistic intervention plans

Requirements and skills

• Proven experience as a Special Education Teacher or relevant role
• Good knowledge of current special education topics and methodologies
• Experience working with children with a wide range of disabilities
• Ability to create IEPs
• A patient, resourceful, and resilient personality
• Excellent interpersonal and communication skills
• Valid state special education certificate
• BSc in Special Education; MSc is a plus

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What does a special education teacher do?

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What is a Special Education Teacher?

A special education teacher works with students who have a wide range of disabilities and special needs. Their primary role is to provide specialized instruction and support to help students with disabilities overcome learning barriers and achieve academic, social, and emotional success. Special education teachers assess students' individual needs, develop tailored education plans, and implement effective teaching strategies and accommodations to meet each student's unique learning goals.

In addition to academic instruction, special education teachers also foster a supportive and inclusive learning environment for their students. They collaborate closely with other educators, administrators, parents, and support staff to create Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) and ensure that students with disabilities receive the necessary accommodations, services, and resources to thrive in school.

What does a Special Education Teacher do?

Duties and Responsibilities Special education teachers have a range of duties and responsibilities that are vital in ensuring that students with disabilities receive the support they need to succeed. Some of these responsibilities include:

• Assessment and Individualized Education Planning: Special education teachers assess students' individual needs, strengths, and challenges to determine eligibility for special education services. They collaborate with other professionals, such as psychologists, speech therapists, and occupational therapists, to conduct evaluations and develop Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) tailored to each student's unique learning goals and needs.
• Instruction and Differentiated Teaching: Special education teachers design and implement specialized instruction and teaching strategies to accommodate diverse learning styles and abilities. They adapt curriculum materials, modify instructional approaches, and provide individualized support to help students with disabilities access the general education curriculum and make academic progress. Special education teachers may also provide small-group instruction, one-on-one tutoring, or co-teaching support in inclusive classroom settings.
• Behavior Management and Support: Special education teachers help students develop social skills, self-regulation, and positive behavior management strategies to succeed in school and community settings. They establish clear expectations, reinforce positive behaviors, and provide targeted interventions and supports to address challenging behaviors and promote a positive learning environment. Special education teachers collaborate with behavior specialists, counselors, and support staff to implement behavior intervention plans and support students' social-emotional development.
• Collaboration and Communication: Special education teachers collaborate closely with general education teachers, administrators, parents, and other professionals to support students' academic and developmental needs. They attend team meetings, participate in IEP meetings, and communicate regularly with parents to discuss students' progress, set goals, and coordinate services. Special education teachers advocate for students with disabilities, ensuring that they receive appropriate accommodations, services, and resources to succeed in school and beyond.
• Professional Development and Continued Learning: Special education teachers engage in ongoing professional development and training to stay updated on best practices, research-based interventions, and legal requirements related to special education. They participate in workshops, conferences, and seminars, pursue advanced degrees or certifications, and collaborate with colleagues to share expertise and resources. Special education teachers continuously strive to improve their teaching practices and support the diverse needs of students with disabilities.

Types of Special Education Teachers There are various types of special education teachers, each specializing in a specific area of need or disability. Some of the most common types of special education teachers include:

• Autism Teacher: These teachers work with students who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD). They may use specialized techniques such as applied behavior analysis (ABA) to help students develop social skills, communication skills, and independence.
• Emotional and Behavioral Disorders Teacher: These teachers work with students who have emotional or behavioral disorders that may impact their ability to learn and interact with others. They may help students develop coping skills, build positive relationships, and manage their behavior in the classroom.
• Learning Disabilities Teacher: These teachers specialize in working with students who have difficulties with reading, writing, or math. They may use specialized techniques to help students overcome these challenges and develop their skills in these areas.
• Occupational Therapist : Occupational therapists work with students who have physical disabilities or challenges with fine motor skills. They may help students develop skills such as handwriting, dressing, or eating independently.
• Physical Therapist : Physical therapists work with students who have physical disabilities or challenges with gross motor skills. They may help students develop skills such as walking, climbing stairs, or participating in physical education activities.
• Speech and Language Pathologist : These professionals work with students who have communication disorders such as stuttering, language delays, or articulation disorders. They may work with students one-on-one or in small groups to help them develop their communication skills.

Are you suited to be a special education teacher?

Special education teachers have distinct personalities . They tend to be social individuals, which means they’re kind, generous, cooperative, patient, caring, helpful, empathetic, tactful, and friendly. They excel at socializing, helping others, and teaching. Some of them are also investigative, meaning they’re intellectual, introspective, and inquisitive.

Does this sound like you? Take our free career test to find out if special education teacher is one of your top career matches.

What is the workplace of a Special Education Teacher like?

Special education teachers may work in a variety of environments, including public and private schools, specialized special education schools, inclusive classrooms, resource rooms, or self-contained classrooms dedicated to students with disabilities. These settings may range from elementary, middle, or high schools to specialized programs or alternative education centers.

Inclusive classrooms, where students with disabilities are integrated into general education classrooms alongside their peers without disabilities, are becoming increasingly common. In these settings, special education teachers collaborate closely with general education teachers to provide differentiated instruction, accommodations, and support to meet the diverse learning needs of all students. They may co-teach with general education teachers, provide push-in or pull-out support, or work in small groups to provide targeted interventions and assistance to students with disabilities.

Additionally, special education teachers may also spend time outside of the classroom attending meetings, collaborating with other professionals, and conducting assessments and evaluations. They work closely with parents, administrators, counselors, therapists, and support staff to develop and implement Individualized Education Programs (IEPs), monitor student progress, and ensure that students with disabilities receive the necessary services and supports to succeed academically, socially, and emotionally.

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Special Education Teachers are also known as: Special Education Resource Teacher Inclusion Teacher

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Special Education Teachers: Roles and Responsibilities

Introduction

Importance of special education teachers in the education system.

Special education teachers play a vital role in the education system by ensuring that students with disabilities, learning differences, and special needs receive the support and accommodations they require to succeed academically and socially. These dedicated educators are equipped with specialized training and expertise to address the unique learning challenges of students with diverse abilities. By fostering inclusive learning environments, they enable every student to access quality education and reach their full potential. The impact of special education teachers goes beyond the classroom, as they collaborate with parents, administrators, and other professionals to create personalized education plans and provide ongoing support for students' growth.

In this comprehensive blog, we will examine the roles and responsibilities of special education teachers, shedding light on their crucial contributions to the education system. From defining the role of special education teachers in educational settings to exploring their qualifications and training requirements, this blog offers valuable insights into the essential aspects of their profession. We will also discuss the various responsibilities they undertake, including conducting assessments, developing individualized education plans (IEPs) , collaborating with stakeholders, and managing behavioral challenges. Additionally, we will explore the concept of inclusive education and classroom adaptations, highlighting strategies for supporting students with diverse learning needs in mainstream classrooms. We aim to provide a deeper understanding of the challenges and rewards of special education teaching while emphasizing the significance of supporting these educators to create an inclusive and empowering learning environment for all students.

What is a Special Education Teacher?

Role in educational settings.

Special education teachers are highly trained professionals who play a crucial role in providing individualized support and instruction to students with disabilities, learning differences, and special needs. These dedicated educators work in various educational settings, including public and private schools, specialized learning centers, and inclusion classrooms. Their primary objective is to ensure that every student, regardless of their unique learning differences and challenges, has equal access to quality education and opportunities for academic and social growth.

Special education teachers employ a student-centered approach, tailoring instruction and accommodations to meet each individual's specific needs. They collaborate closely with students, parents, general education teachers, and other specialists to develop and implement Individualized Education Programs (IEPs). These personalized plans outline specific learning goals , services, and accommodations required to support the student's educational journey effectively. Additionally, special education teachers may work with students in small groups or on a one-to-one basis, providing specialized instruction and interventions to address academic, behavioral, and social-emotional needs.

Qualifications and Training Requirements

Becoming a special education teacher requires a specific set of qualifications and training. To pursue a career in this field, individuals typically need a bachelor's degree in special education or a related field. Some educators may choose to specialize further by earning a master's degree or additional certifications in areas such as autism spectrum disorders or learning disabilities.

In addition to academic qualifications, special education teachers must obtain state-level teaching credentials or licensure to work in public schools. Requirements for licensure vary from state to state, but most entail completing a teacher preparation program, passing standardized tests, and completing a designated period of supervised teaching experience.

Continuous professional development is also a vital aspect of a special education teacher's career. To stay abreast of the latest research, instructional methodologies, and best practices in the field, educators participate in workshops, conferences, and training sessions. By continually expanding their knowledge and skills, special education teachers ensure they are equipped to provide the highest level of support and advocacy for their students with disabilities.

Roles and Responsibilities of Special Education Teachers

Individualized instruction and curriculum adaptation.

One of the primary responsibilities of special education teachers is to provide individualized instruction to meet the diverse learning needs of their students. They carefully assess each student's strengths, weaknesses, and learning styles to tailor their teaching approaches accordingly. Special education teachers adapt the general curriculum to accommodate various learning challenges and ensure that all students can access and engage with the material effectively. By using differentiated instructional strategies and providing necessary accommodations, they create inclusive and supportive learning environments for their students.

Conducting Assessments and Identifying Learning Needs

Special education teachers are skilled in conducting various assessments to gauge their students' academic and developmental progress. They use formal and informal evaluations to identify specific learning needs and gather valuable data to inform their instructional planning. Through ongoing assessment, special education teachers can help determine a student's current level of functioning, track their growth, and identify areas where additional support is required. These assessments play a crucial role in the development of personalized learning goals and help ensure that every student receives the appropriate level of support to succeed academically and socially.

Developing and Implementing Individualized Education Plans (IEPs)

Creating and implementing Individualized Education Plans (IEPs) is a central aspect of a special education teacher's role. Working collaboratively with the student, their parents, general education teachers, and other specialists, they develop comprehensive IEPs that outline specific academic and behavioral goals, as well as the necessary accommodations and services to support the student's progress. Special education teachers regularly monitor and adjust the IEPs based on ongoing assessment data, ensuring that the plans remain relevant and effective in addressing the student's changing needs.

Collaborating with Students, Parents, Teachers, and Support Staff

Effective collaboration is vital for the success of students with disabilities, and special education teachers are at the forefront of this effort. They maintain open lines of communication with parents, providing regular updates on their child's progress and discussing strategies for continued growth. Special education teachers also collaborate with general education teachers and support staff to promote inclusion and ensure that students receive the appropriate support in the general classroom setting. Special education teachers also collaborate closely with their students to develop personalized learning strategies and create an inclusive and supportive educational experience tailored to each student's unique needs and strengths. Through these collaborative efforts, special education teachers foster a supportive and cohesive educational community that prioritizes the well-being and success of all students.

Supporting General Education Teachers and Fostering Inclusive Classrooms

In addition to their direct work with students, special education teachers play a vital role in supporting general education teachers within the school community. They provide valuable insights and expertise to help general education teachers effectively accommodate and differentiate instruction for students with diverse learning needs in inclusive classrooms. Special education teachers collaborate with their peers to share best practices, instructional strategies, and resources, fostering an environment of mutual learning and professional growth. By working hand in hand with general education teachers, special education teachers contribute to a cohesive and inclusive educational approach that benefits all students in the school.

Monitoring Student Progress and Providing Supportive Feedback

Special education teachers closely monitor their students' progress throughout the school year. They collect data on academic achievements, social skills development, and behavioral improvements to assess the effectiveness of instructional strategies and interventions. This data-driven approach allows them to make informed decisions about instructional adjustments and identify areas where additional support may be needed. Moreover, special education teachers offer constructive feedback and encouragement to their students, cultivating a positive and growth-oriented learning environment that boosts students' confidence and motivation to succeed.

Managing Behavioral Challenges and Promoting Positive Behavior

In addition to academic support, special education teachers play a vital role in addressing behavioral challenges and promoting positive behavior in their students. They employ evidence-based strategies to manage behavior, create behavior intervention plans, and teach self-regulation and coping skills. By fostering a positive and nurturing classroom environment, special education teachers help students develop appropriate social behaviors, emotional regulation, and conflict resolution skills. Through their guidance and support, students learn to navigate social interactions effectively and develop crucial life skills that contribute to their overall success and well-being.

Inclusive Education and Classroom Adaptations

Strategies for inclusion of students with disabilities.

Inclusive education is a fundamental aspect of a special education teacher's role. They work closely with general education teachers to ensure that students with disabilities are integrated into regular classrooms and receive the necessary support to thrive. Special education teachers collaborate with their colleagues to develop differentiated teaching strategies that accommodate diverse learning needs. These strategies may involve providing additional resources, adjusting instructional methods, or offering flexible assessments to accommodate individual learning styles and abilities.

Differentiation and Modification Techniques

Special education teachers excel in using differentiation and modification techniques to meet the unique needs of each student in the inclusive classroom. They tailor lesson plans and materials to address various learning profiles, making content accessible and comprehensible to all students. Through differentiation, they provide varied approaches to learning, allowing students to engage with the curriculum in ways that align with their strengths and interests. Moreover, modification techniques are employed to adapt the complexity and depth of content, enabling students with disabilities to actively participate in the learning process and achieve academic success.

Creating Accessible Learning Environments

An essential aspect of fostering inclusive classrooms is creating accessible learning environments. Special education teachers collaborate with school staff and administrators to implement physical and instructional adaptations that support students with disabilities. They ensure classrooms are equipped with appropriate assistive technologies and provide accessible materials for students with sensory impairments or other specific needs. Additionally, they guide general education teachers in fostering a positive and supportive atmosphere where all students feel valued and respected, fostering an inclusive educational experience for everyone.

Special Education Teachers and Multi-Tiered Systems of Support (MTSS)

Implementing response to intervention (rti) frameworks.

Special education teachers play a pivotal role in implementing Multi-Tiered Systems of Support (MTSS) within the Response to Intervention (RTI) framework. They collaborate with general education teachers, school psychologists , and other support staff to design and implement tiered interventions that address students' varying academic and behavioral needs. Through early identification and ongoing progress monitoring, special education teachers use data-driven decision-making to identify students who may benefit from additional support and implement targeted interventions to address their specific challenges.

Supporting Students in Tiered Interventions

Within the MTSS, special education teachers provide direct support to students across all tiers of intervention. In Tier 1, they support the general education classroom by providing differentiation and accommodations to meet the diverse needs of students. In Tier 2, they deliver targeted interventions to small groups of students who require more specialized support to close learning gaps and improve academic and behavioral outcomes. In Tier 3, they work intensively with individual students who need more individualized and intensive interventions to overcome significant challenges. Special education teachers collaborate with other professionals to ensure a cohesive and integrated support system that empowers all students to succeed academically and socially.

As key team members within the MTSS, special education teachers facilitate the effective implementation of interventions and provide valuable insights to optimize the overall support structure for students. Their expertise in evidence-based practices and individualized instruction plays a vital role in fostering a positive and inclusive learning environment that ensures each student reaches their full potential.

Assisting Students with Transition Planning

Preparing students for post-school life.

Special education teachers play a crucial role in assisting students with disabilities in preparing for life after high school. Transition planning is a critical aspect of their responsibilities, focusing on helping students smoothly transition from the school environment to post-school life, whether it be college , vocational training, employment, or other community-based opportunities. Special education teachers work closely with students, their families, and other stakeholders to identify students' strengths, interests, and preferences. Through person-centered planning, they develop individualized transition plans that align with students' aspirations and abilities, empowering them to pursue their goals confidently.

Collaboration with Transition Teams and Agencies

Collaboration is key in effective transition planning, and special education teachers collaborate extensively with transition teams and community agencies to ensure comprehensive support for students with disabilities. They work alongside school counselors, social workers , vocational rehabilitation counselors, and community service providers to connect students with appropriate resources and services. Special education teachers facilitate smooth transitions by actively involving students in the decision-making process, empowering them to take ownership of their goals and navigate the post-school landscape successfully.

By fostering a strong partnership between schools, families, and community agencies, special education teachers ensure that students with disabilities have a well-rounded and individualized transition plan. This comprehensive approach not only supports students' academic growth but also equips them with the skills and resources necessary for a successful transition to adulthood and a fulfilling post-school life.

Working with Parents and Families of Students with Special Needs

Building effective communication and partnerships.

Special education teachers recognize the vital role of parents and families in their students' education journey and prioritize building effective communication and partnerships with them. They foster an open and collaborative environment where parents feel valued, heard, and actively involved in their child's education. Regular parent-teacher conferences , progress updates, and feedback sessions are integral to keeping parents informed about their child's academic and social progress. Special education teachers actively seek input from parents to gain a deeper understanding of their child's strengths, challenges, and aspirations, ensuring that the educational approach is tailored to meet the unique needs of each student.

Providing Parent Education and Resources

Supporting parents and families is an essential aspect of a special education teacher's role. They provide parent education and resources to equip families with valuable knowledge and skills to advocate for their child effectively. Special education teachers help parents understand the special education process, including Individualized Education Plan (IEP) development and their rights under the law. They offer guidance on accessing community resources and support services that can enhance their child's learning and well-being. By collaborating with parents as true partners, special education teachers empower families to actively participate in their child's education and create a strong support system both in and outside of the school setting.

By fostering strong and collaborative relationships with parents and families, special education teachers ensure a holistic and supportive approach to their students' education. These partnerships not only enhance students' learning experiences but also create a unified and compassionate support network that promotes the overall well-being and success of students with special needs.

Challenges and Rewards in Special Education Teaching

Addressing burnout and self-care strategies.

Special education teaching can be both rewarding and demanding, with unique challenges that teachers face daily. One significant challenge is the potential for burnout due to the emotional and physical demands of working with students with diverse learning needs. Special education teachers often navigate complex situations, individualized plans, and behavior management, which can lead to stress and fatigue.

To address burnout, special education teachers prioritize self-care strategies to maintain their well-being and effectiveness in the classroom. They make time for personal pursuits, engage in hobbies, and seek emotional support from colleagues and mentors. Regular exercise, mindfulness practices, and setting healthy boundaries between work and personal life play a crucial role in maintaining resilience and preventing burnout. Schools and educational institutions that value their special education teachers also provide professional development opportunities, peer support groups, and access to counseling services, further promoting well-being and job satisfaction.

Celebrating Success Stories and Impact on Students

Despite the challenges, special education teachers find immense reward and fulfillment in witnessing their students' progress and growth. Celebrating success stories and recognizing the positive impact on students' lives serve as a powerful source of motivation and inspiration. Special education teachers take pride in the progress of their students, whether it's academic achievement, improved social skills, or increased self-confidence.

The sense of accomplishment in helping students overcome obstacles and achieve their potential reinforces the dedication and passion of special education teachers. Each milestone, no matter how small, becomes a reason to celebrate and reaffirms their commitment to making a difference in the lives of their students. The bond formed with students and their families creates a profound sense of purpose and fuels the passion for special education teaching. Knowing that they play a pivotal role in shaping the future of their students and witnessing the transformative impact they have on young lives makes the challenges worthwhile and the rewards immeasurable.

Special education teachers are instrumental in fostering inclusive education by providing personalized support to students with diverse learning needs. They adapt curriculum, conduct assessments, and collaborate with various stakeholders to create an empowering learning environment. Their dedication helps break down barriers and ensures every student can thrive academically and emotionally.

To ensure academic success and holistic development, it is crucial to prioritize special education and provide ongoing support to these exceptional educators. Celebrating their contributions and investing in their professional growth will further strengthen the foundation of inclusive education. Let us unite in recognizing and empowering special education teachers, as they play a pivotal role in shaping the future of education and transforming the lives of their students.

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Special Education Teacher

Special education teachers work with students who have learning, mental, emotional, or physical disabilities. They adapt general education lessons and teach various subjects to students with mild to moderate disabilities. They also teach basic skills to students with severe disabilities.

Special education teachers typically do the following:

• Assess students’ skills and determine their educational needs
• Adapt general lessons to meet students’ needs
• Develop Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) for each student
• Plan activities that are specific to each student’s abilities
• Teach and mentor students as a class, in small groups, and one-on-one
• Implement IEPs, assess students’ performance, and track their progress
• Update IEPs throughout the school year to reflect students’ progress and goals
• Discuss students’ progress with parents, other teachers, counselors, and administrators
• Supervise and mentor teacher assistants who work with students with disabilities
• Prepare and help students transition from grade to grade and from school to life outside of school

Special education teachers work with students from preschool to high school. They instruct students who have mental, emotional, physical, or learning disabilities. For example, some help students develop study skills, such as highlighting text and using flashcards. Others work with students who have physical disabilities and may use a wheelchair or other adaptive devices. Still others work with students who have sensory disabilities, such as visual or hearing impairments. They also may work with those who have autism spectrum disorders or emotional disorders, such as anxiety and depression.

Special education teachers work with general education teachers, specialists, administrators, and parents to develop IEPs. Students’ IEPs outline their goals, including academic or behavioral milestones, and services they are to receive, such as speech therapy. Educators and parents also meet to discuss updates and changes to IEPs.

Special education teachers must be comfortable using and learning new technology. Most use computers to keep records of their students’ performance, prepare lesson plans, and update IEPs. Some teachers also use assistive technology aids, such as Braille writers and computer software, that help them communicate with their students.

Special education teachers’ duties vary by their work setting, students’ disabilities, and specialties.

Some special education teachers work in classrooms or resource centers that include only students with disabilities. In these settings, teachers plan, adapt, and present lessons to meet each student’s needs. They teach students individually or in small groups.

In inclusive classrooms, special education teachers instruct students with disabilities who are in general education classrooms. They work with general education teachers to adapt lessons so that students with disabilities can more easily understand them.

Some special education teachers work with students who have moderate to severe disabilities. These teachers help students, who may be eligible for services until age 21, develop basic life skills. Some teach the skills necessary for students with moderate disabilities to live independently, find a job, and manage money and their time. For more information about other workers who help individuals with disabilities develop skills necessary to live independently, see the profiles on occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants and aides.

Special education teachers held about 476,300 jobs in 2021. Employment in the detailed occupations that make up special education teachers was distributed as follows:

The largest employers of special education teachers were as follows:

A small number of special education teachers work with students in residential facilities, hospitals, and the students’ homes. They may travel to these locations. Some teachers work with infants and toddlers at the child’s home. They teach the child’s parents ways to help the child develop skills.

Helping students with disabilities may be rewarding. It also can be stressful, emotionally demanding, and physically draining.

Work Schedules

Special education teachers typically work during school hours. In addition to providing instruction during this time, they grade papers, update students’ records, and prepare lessons. They may meet with parents, students, and other teachers or specialists before and after classes.

Many work the traditional 10-month school year and have a 2-month break during the summer. They also have a short midwinter break. Some teachers work in summer programs.

Teachers in districts with a year-round schedule typically work 9 weeks in a row and then are on break for 3 weeks.

Special education teachers in public schools are required to have at least a bachelor’s degree and a state-issued certification or license. Private schools typically require teachers to have a bachelor’s degree, but the teachers are not required to be licensed or certified.

All states require special education teachers in public schools to have at least a bachelor's degree. Some require teachers to earn a degree specifically in special education. Others allow them to major in education or a content area, such as mathematics or science, and pursue a minor in special education.

In a program leading to a bachelor’s degree in special education, prospective teachers learn about the different types of disabilities and how to present information so that students will understand. Programs typically include a student-teaching program, in which prospective teachers work with a mentor and get experience instructing students in a classroom setting. To become fully certified, states may require special education teachers to complete a master’s degree in special education after obtaining a job.

Private schools typically require teachers to have at least a bachelor’s degree in special education.

Licenses, Certifications, and Registrations

All states require teachers in public schools to be licensed in the specific grade level that they teach. A license frequently is referred to as a certification. Those who teach in private schools typically do not need to be licensed.

Requirements for certification or licensure can vary by state but generally involve the following:

• A bachelor’s degree with a minimum grade point average
• Completion of a student-teaching program
• Passing a background check
• Passing a general teaching certification test, as well as a test that demonstrates knowledge of the subject the candidate will teach

For information about teacher preparation programs and certification requirements, visit  Teach.org  or contact your state’s board of education.

All states offer an alternative route to certification or licensure for people who already have a bachelor’s degree. These alternative programs cover teaching methods and child development. Candidates are awarded full certification after they complete the program. Other alternative programs require prospective teachers to take classes in education before they can start to teach. Teachers may be awarded a master’s degree after completing either type of program.

Advancement

Experienced teachers may advance to become mentors who help less experienced teachers improve their instructional skills. They also may become lead teachers.

Teachers may become school counselors, instructional coordinators, and elementary, middle, and high school principals. These positions generally require additional education, an advanced degree, or certification. An advanced degree in education administration or leadership may be helpful.

Special education teachers typically have an interest in the Creating and Helping interest areas, according to the Holland Code framework. The Creating interest area indicates a focus on being original and imaginative, and working with artistic media. The Helping interest area indicates a focus on assisting, serving, counseling, or teaching other people.

If you are not sure whether you have a Creating or Helping interest which might fit with a career as a special education teacher, you can take a career test to measure your interests.

Special education teachers should also possess the following specific qualities:

Communication skills. Special education teachers discuss student’s needs and performances with general education teachers, parents, and administrators. They also explain difficult concepts in terms that students with learning disabilities can understand.

Critical-thinking skills. Special education teachers assess students’ progress and use that information to adapt lessons to help them learn.

Interpersonal skills. Special education teachers regularly work with general education teachers, school counselors, administrators, and parents to develop Individualized Education Programs. As a result, they need to be able to build positive working relationships.

Patience. Working with students with special needs and different abilities can be difficult. Special education teachers should be patient with each student, as some may need the instruction given aloud, at a slower pace, or in writing.                                  

Resourcefulness. Special education teachers must develop different ways to present information in a manner that meets the needs of their students. They also help general education teachers adapt their lessons to the needs of students with disabilities.

The median annual wage for special education teachers was $61,820 in May 2021. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $46,180, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $100,040.

Median annual wages for special education teachers in May 2021 were as follows:

In May 2021, the median annual wages for special education teachers in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:

Overall employment of special education teachers is projected to grow 4 percent from 2021 to 2031, about as fast as the average for all occupations.

About 37,600 openings for special education teachers are projected each year, on average, over the decade. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire. 

Demand for special education teachers will be driven by school enrollments and the need for special education services.

Demand for these teachers and services should rise as disabilities are being identified earlier and as children with disabilities are enrolled into special education programs.

Federal laws require that every state must maintain the same level of financial support for special education every year. However, employment growth of special education teachers may depend on funding availability.

For more information about special education teachers, visit

Council for Exceptional Children

Personnel Improvement Center

National Association of Special Education Teachers

For more information about teaching and becoming a teacher, visit

American Federation of Teachers

National Education Association

Where does this information come from?

The career information above is taken from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook . This excellent resource for occupational data is published by the U.S. Department of Labor every two years. Truity periodically updates our site with information from the BLS database.

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Special Education Guide

What Special Education Teachers Do

Job description.

The special education teacher wears many hats. Unlike other teachers who focus primarily on academics, the special education teacher serves both as an educator and as an advocate for students with special needs. His or her schedule is divided among planning, instruction, assessing students and managing their individualized education programs (IEPs).

The job is demanding, and it requires the teacher to juggle many responsibilities. These can include scheduling, attending and following up after IEP meetings, writing IEPs with attainable and measurable goals, tracking and reporting student progress on IEP goals, providing guidance to general education teachers who wish to accommodate students, administering assessments, day-to-day classroom management, planning and instructing, managing and evaluating instructional assistants and other paraprofessionals, developing behavior management plans and more.

A Day in the Life

Although most teaching unions negotiate eight-hour work schedules for teachers, it is not uncommon for special education teachers to work well beyond this standard. The following is an example of a typical day in the life of a special education teacher.

• Hour 1: Arrive at school one hour before students arrive. Manage administrative tasks, respond to parent emails, check in with the front office, write the daily schedule on the board and prepare the classroom for students’ arrival.
• Hour 2: Manage start-of-day tasks and delegate to instructional assistants as needed. Prepare students for learning, read or listen to announcements, collect homework, review the daily schedule, assign learning groups, etc.
• Preparing lessons for instructional assistants.
• Delivering whole-group instruction.
• Facilitating small-group learning.
• Meeting with students to assess progress on goals.
• Offering intensive, one-on-one academic or behavioral support.
• Assessing students for progress on IEP goals.
• Collecting data and adding it to IEP files.
• Offering support and guidance to general education teachers.
• Hour 6: Manage end-of-day tasks and delegate to instructional assistants as needed. Tidy the classroom and plan and preparr for the following day.
• Hour 7: Attend an IEP meeting for a current student on caseload. Review progress on goals, write new goals and address parental or administrative concerns. Ensure that the new IEP is signed by all necessary parties and duplicate paperwork and distribute to parents, administrators, school district, general education teachers and the special education department.
• Hour 8: Manage administrative tasks: contact parents, teachers and administrators to schedule IEP meetings, respond to parent emails and phone calls.
• Hour 9: Additional tasks that may include lesson planning, grading, filing, staff meetings, extracurricular or adjunct duties and other requirements.

General Licensing Requirements

Though specific teaching license requirements vary from state to state, federal legislation via the No Child Left Behind Act requires special education teachers to have a bachelor’s degree and to complete a teaching preparation program that includes supervised student teaching. Upon successful completion of an accredited program, prospective teachers can apply for a preliminary credential, which generally expires after five years. To obtain a “clear” or permanent credential, teachers must complete continuing education courses and serve as a classroom teacher for two or more years.

Some states or districts also offer “emergency credentials” for teachers who are willing to take hard-to-fill positions. In this case, the teacher forgoes the unpaid student teaching requirement and assumes all the responsibilities of a teaching position while completing credential classes after school hours. Though this option may appeal to individuals who need a steady income, it can be especially grueling because it places the newest and most inexperienced teachers in some of the most challenging classrooms.

For more information about specific licensing by state, visit the teacher certification section of the Special Education Guide website.

Areas of Specialization

Special education is a fluid and evolving discipline. As the educational community learns more about individual students, it attempts to categorize and define their needs; teachers can complete preparation programs and internships specifically designed to prepare them for meeting those needs.

Special education credential specializations include:

Early Childhood Credential

This credential authorizes teachers to work with students from birth to pre-kindergarten. Students may have a range of cognitive or physical disabilities.

Mild/Moderate Disabilities

Teachers who hold mild/moderate special education credentials often work in resource specialist programs (RSPs) or special day classes (SDCs). Their students usually have mild academic or behavioral difficulties, and can often be very successful with limited or moderate special education intervention. Generally, this credential authorizes a teacher to work with students from kindergarten through age 22.

Moderate/Severe Disabilities

With a moderate/severe credential, teachers can work in fully contained classrooms. These rooms generally offer basic and functional skills instruction for students with severe cognitive or physical disabilities. Generally, this credential authorizes a teacher to work with students from kindergarten through age 22.

Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DoHH)

This credential authorizes teachers to support students who qualify as DoHH. Students may range from those without cognitive impairments to those with severe and multiple disabilities. Many DoHH teachers work at multiple sites, advising classroom teachers on accommodations and assistive technology.

Visual Impairment (VI)

With the VI credential, teachers can work with students who are partially or fully blind, from those without cognitive impairments to those with severe and multiple disabilities. Many VI teachers work at multiple sites, advising classroom teachers on accommodations and assistive technology. Other sub-specializations include Braille teachers and orientation and mobility experts.

Many states offer additional specializations, including credentials in autism, physical and health impairments, behavior and more.

Previous and Next Steps: Special Education Teachers on the Career Path

Special education teachers come from a variety of backgrounds. Some complete general education teacher preparation programs and find more employment opportunities in special education. Others have children or relatives with special needs, and choose the career as a way to make positive educational changes for those with disabilities. Regardless, all special education teachers hold bachelor’s degrees, and those who teach at the high school level generally have bachelor’s degrees in one of the four core subjects: English, history, mathematics or science.

Many special education teachers remain very happy in their roles and complete 30 years of educational service inside the classroom. Others go on to be special education coordinators, school district administrators, directors of educational departments, consultants and even educational advocates and lobbyists.

If you’re a teacher looking to advance your career with a special education degree, check out our comprehensive list of master’s degree programs by state focused on special education.

National Organizations of Interest

The following organizations serve the interests and needs of special education teachers:

•   The National Association of Special Education Teachers
•   Council for Exceptional Children
•   National Center for Special Education Research