what does the term paperhanger meaning

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pa·per·hang·er

Pa•per•hang•er.

• counterfeiter
• Paper stainer
• Paper stock
• paper tiger
• paper towel
• paper toweling
• paper trail
• Paper weight
• paper white
• paperback book
• paper-back book
• paperback edition
• paperbacked
• paperbark birch
• paper-cutter
• paperhanging
• paper-mache
• papermaking
• paper-pusher
• paper-shredder
• paper-train
• paperweight
• Paphiopedilum
• Paphlagonia
• papered it over
• papered over
• papered over the cracks
• Paperhangers
• Paperi-Insinöörit
• papering it over
• papering over
• papering over the cracks
• paperknives
• paperlaying
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Paper Hanger Definition and Legal Meaning

On this page, you'll find the legal definition and meaning of Paper Hanger , written in plain English, along with examples of how it is used.

What is Paper Hanger?

It is a slang term for a person who commits fraud by issuing checks on accounts that does not exist or have no funds or forges currency or bank notes.

History and Meaning of Paper Hanger

The term "paper hanger" dates back to the late 19th century when the primary form of currency was paper money. The term was primarily used to describe someone who would counterfeit currency or checks by printing them themselves. Nowadays, it is commonly used to refer to anyone who is issuing fraudulent checks on accounts with nonexistent or insufficient funds.

Examples of Paper Hanger

The suspect was caught by the police for being a notorious paper hanger in the area.

The bank suffered a loss of millions of dollars because of multiple paper hangers.

The court sentenced the paper hanger to a jail term of two years.

Legal Terms Similar to Paper Hanger

Forger: A person who makes a false document, check, or signature with the intent to defraud.

Embezzler: A person who fraudulently takes money or property entrusted to them by an employer or client.

Counterfeiter: A person who makes false money or copies of official documents with the intention to deceive.

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Paperhanger.

Other forms: paperhangers

• noun one whose occupation is decorating walls with wallpaper synonyms: paperer see more see less type of: artificer , artisan , craftsman , journeyman a skilled worker who practices some trade or handicraft
• noun someone who passes bad checks or counterfeit paper money see more see less type of: counterfeiter , forger someone who makes copies illegally

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paperhanger noun

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What does the noun paperhanger mean?

There are two meanings listed in OED's entry for the noun paperhanger . See ‘Meaning & use’ for definitions, usage, and quotation evidence.

How common is the noun paperhanger ?

How is the noun paperhanger pronounced?

British english, u.s. english, where does the noun paperhanger come from.

Earliest known use

The earliest known use of the noun paperhanger is in the mid 1700s.

OED's earliest evidence for paperhanger is from 1768, in the writing of Abraham Tucker, philosopher.

paperhanger is formed within English, by compounding.

Etymons: paper n. , hanger n. 2

Nearby entries

• paper-folder, n. 1781–
• paper-folding, n. 1893–
• paperful, n. 1722–
• paper game, n. 1879–
• paper gauge, n. 1875–
• papergirl, n. 1937–
• paper-glosser, n. 1882
• paper gold, n. 1966–
• paper guide, n. 1952–
• paper handkerchief, n. 1907–
• paperhanger, n. 1768–
• paperhanging, n. 1693–
• paper hankie, n. 1959–
• paper hornet, n. 1870–
• paper hunt, n. 1871–
• papering, n. 1569–
• paper keeper, n. 1927–
• paper kiosk, n. 1935–
• paper knife, n. 1789–
• paper-knife, v. 1898–
• paperless, adj. 1854–

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Meaning & use

Pronunciation, entry history for paperhanger, n..

paperhanger, n. was revised in March 2005.

paperhanger, n. was last modified in July 2023.

oed.com is a living text, updated every three months. Modifications may include:

• further revisions to definitions, pronunciation, etymology, headwords, variant spellings, quotations, and dates;
• new senses, phrases, and quotations.

Revisions and additions of this kind were last incorporated into paperhanger, n. in July 2023.

Earlier versions of this entry were published in:

OED First Edition (1904)

• Find out more

OED Second Edition (1989)

• View paper-hanger in OED Second Edition

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Factsheet for paperhanger, n., browse entry.

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paper hanger - Meaning in Law and Legal Documents, Examples and FAQs

A 'paper hanger' or 'process server' is someone who legally delivers official court documents, such as summons or subpoenas, to the parties involved in a legal case.

In normal language you would also say " process server " instead of " paper hanger "

Need help understanding your legal documents?

What does "paper hanger" mean in legal documents?

Imagine you're at the bank, trying to cash a check, but the teller tells you there's not enough money in the account to cover it. That's what a "paper hanger" is - someone who writes a check knowing there's not enough money in their account to cover it.

In legal terms, a "paper hanger" is a person who commits a type of check fraud called "paper hanging." They take advantage of the time it takes for a check to clear, called the "float," to try and get away with the fraud.

It's different from another type of check fraud called "check kiting," where the person deposits a bad check into their account, then withdraws the money before the check bounces. With paper hanging, the person just writes a bad check, hoping to use the float to their advantage.

Paper hanging is usually prosecuted under state laws, but it can also be a federal offense in some cases. The penalties can be serious, including fines and even jail time. It's considered a form of theft, and the law takes it very seriously.

So, in simple terms, a "paper hanger" is someone who writes bad checks, knowing they don't have the money to cover them. It's a type of fraud that can get them in a lot of legal trouble.

What are some examples of "paper hanger" in legal contracts?

Here are some examples of how the term "paper hanger" might be used in different legal contracts:

Loan Agreement: "The lender reserves the right to refuse any checks from the borrower if they suspect the borrower is acting as a 'paper hanger' and writing bad checks."

Rental Agreement: "The landlord may terminate the lease immediately if the tenant is found to be a 'paper hanger' and writing bad checks to pay rent."

Employment Contract: "Any employee found to be a 'paper hanger' and writing bad checks will be subject to immediate termination and potential legal action."

Business Partnership Agreement: "The partners agree to monitor each other's financial activities closely to ensure none of them are acting as 'paper hangers' and writing bad checks on behalf of the business."

Real Estate Purchase Contract: "The buyer's offer is contingent on the seller providing proof they are not a 'paper hanger' and have sufficient funds to complete the transaction."

Vendor Contract: "The vendor reserves the right to suspend services if the client is discovered to be a 'paper hanger' and paying with bad checks."

FAQs about "Paper Hanger"

What is a "paper hanger".

A "paper hanger" is a legal term used to describe someone who writes or issues bad checks or other fraudulent financial documents. They create these fake documents, often with the intent to deceive and defraud others.

How does a "paper hanger" operate?

A "paper hanger" will typically write checks or create other financial documents, like promissory notes or money orders, without having the funds to back them up. They may use these fake documents to make purchases, pay bills, or even try to cash them at a bank or other financial institution.

What are the consequences of being a "paper hanger"?

Being a "paper hanger" is considered a form of fraud and can have serious legal consequences. Depending on the amount of money involved and the specific circumstances, a "paper hanger" may face charges such as check fraud, forgery, or even theft. The penalties can include fines, probation, or even jail time.

How can you spot a "paper hanger"?

Some signs that someone may be a "paper hanger" include:

• Checks or financial documents that bounce or are returned for insufficient funds
• Attempts to use multiple checks or financial documents in a short period of time
• Reluctance to provide proof of identity or financial stability
• Pressure to complete a transaction quickly or under suspicious circumstances

What should you do if you suspect someone is a "paper hanger"?

If you suspect someone is a "paper hanger," it's important to take action. You should:

• Refuse to accept any checks or financial documents from the individual
• Contact the appropriate authorities, such as the police or your bank, to report the suspected fraud
• Keep any evidence, such as the bounced checks or financial documents, that could help with the investigation

Who can be a "paper hanger"?

Anyone can potentially become a "paper hanger," regardless of their background or financial status. However, individuals who are experiencing financial difficulties or who have a history of fraud-related offenses may be more likely to engage in this type of illegal activity.

How can you protect yourself from "paper hangers"?

To protect yourself from "paper hangers," it's important to be cautious when accepting checks or other financial documents. You should always verify the validity of the documents and the individual's identity before completing any transactions. Additionally, it's a good idea to keep detailed records of any interactions with suspected "paper hangers" in case you need to provide evidence to the authorities.

What is the legal definition of a "paper hanger"?

The legal definition of a "paper hanger" is someone who creates or uses fraudulent financial documents, such as bad checks or counterfeit money orders, with the intent to deceive and defraud others. This type of activity is considered a form of fraud and can result in criminal charges.

How can law enforcement identify and stop "paper hangers"?

Law enforcement agencies use a variety of techniques to identify and stop "paper hangers," including:

• Monitoring financial transactions and reports of suspicious activity
• Investigating reports of bounced checks or other fraudulent financial documents
• Collaborating with banks and other financial institutions to share information and identify patterns of fraud
• Conducting undercover operations to catch "paper hangers" in the act

What are the common tactics used by "paper hangers"?

Some common tactics used by "paper hangers" include:

• Writing checks or creating financial documents with insufficient funds
• Forging signatures or using stolen identities to create fake documents
• Targeting vulnerable individuals or businesses who may be more likely to accept the fraudulent documents
• Quickly moving from one location to another to avoid detection

These legal terms could also be helpful

par-value stock

Par-value stock, also known as face-value shares, refers to stocks that have a predetermined price printed on the stock certificate, representing the minimum amount investors must pay to purchase each share.

Par value, also known as face value, is the initial dollar amount assigned to a company's stock or bond at the time of issuance, representing its minimum worth.

In legal terms, 'par' refers to something being equal or at the same level, often used when discussing the value or status of securities or investments.

parade permits

Parade permits, also known as parade permissions, are official documents required by local authorities to legally organize and hold public marches, parades, or processions on streets or public spaces.

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  Vocabulary      

What does paperhanger mean?

Definitions for paperhanger ˈpeɪ pərˌhæŋ ər pa·per·han·ger, this dictionary definitions page includes all the possible meanings, example usage and translations of the word paperhanger ., princeton's wordnet rate this definition: 0.0 / 0 votes.

• paperhanger noun

someone who passes bad checks or counterfeit paper money

paperhanger, paperer noun

one whose occupation is decorating walls with wallpaper

Wiktionary Rate this definition: 0.0 / 0 votes

Someone who puts wallpaper on walls.

A con man who passes bad cheques or counterfeit paper money; a forger, a con artist.

Etymology: From paper + hanger.

ChatGPT Rate this definition: 0.0 / 0 votes

paperhanger

A paperhanger is one of the two common meanings: 1) A person whose job is to apply wallpaper to walls. They are skilled in measuring, cutting, and hanging wallpaper in homes, offices, or any other buildings. 2) In a more informal and less common usage, 'paperhanger' can also refer to someone who issues fraudulent checks or banknotes, a term primarily used in the U.S. during the Great Depression.

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Usage in printed sources from:  .

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How to pronounce paperhanger?

Alex US English David US English Mark US English Daniel British Libby British Mia British Karen Australian Hayley Australian Natasha Australian Veena Indian Priya Indian Neerja Indian Zira US English Oliver British Wendy British Fred US English Tessa South African

How to say paperhanger in sign language?

Chaldean Numerology

The numerical value of paperhanger in Chaldean Numerology is: 9

Pythagorean Numerology

The numerical value of paperhanger in Pythagorean Numerology is: 1

Popularity rank by frequency of use

• ^  Princeton's WordNet http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=paperhanger
• ^  Wiktionary https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Paperhanger
• ^  ChatGPT https://chat.openai.com
• ^  Usage in printed sources https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=paperhanger

Translations for paperhanger

From our multilingual translation dictionary.

• Tapeziererin, Tapezierer German
• paperhanger French

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paperhanging

Definition of paperhanging

Word history.

1799, in the meaning defined above

Dictionary Entries Near paperhanging

paperhanger

paper hornet

Cite this Entry

“Paperhanging.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/paperhanging. Accessed 24 Sep. 2024.

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paper hanger

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Slang term for someone who writes bad checks.

Paper hanging is a kind of check fraud whereby someone tenders a check knowing that there are insufficient funds in the account. In paper hanging, the paper hanger takes advantage of the “float” (that is, the amount of time between when the check is written and the funds actually move from the check writer’s account).

Paper hanging is distinct from another form of check fraud known as “ check kiting ,” whereby the check writer tenders a check knowing that there are insufficient funds in the account but deposits money into the account before the end of the float to cover the fraud.

In the United States, paper hanging is usually prosecuted under state law, but it is sometimes prosecuted as a federal offense (See 18 U.S. Code § 1344 ).

[Last updated in August of 2020 by the Wex Definitions Team ]

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paperhanging

[ pey -per-hang-ing ]

• the activity or business of a paperhanger .
• paperhangings, Archaic. wallpaper .

Word History and Origins

Origin of paperhanging 1

Example Sentences

Slyme was doing the paperhanging piecework--so much for each roll hung.

word histories

“ad fontes!”

‘as busy as a one-armed paperhanger’: meaning and early occurrences

The colloquial American-English phrase as busy as , or busier than , a one-armed paperhanger , and variants, mean exceedingly busy . —Cf. also ‘as busy as a one-armed taxi-driver with crabs’ and other colourful phrases .

Remark : An earlier British-English phrase, as busy as the devil in a high wind , was recorded by the English antiquary and lexicographer Francis Grose (1731-1791) in A Classical Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue (London: Printed for S. Hooper, 1788):

Busy. As busy as the devil in a high wind; as busy as a hen with one chick.

The English author and political reformer William Cobbett (1763-1835) used this phrase in To the People of Dover. On the triumph of the Queen and the People over persecution, carried on by the means of conspiracy, subornation and perjury , published in Cobbett’s Weekly Political Register (London, England) of Saturday 18 th November 1820:

In the mean while the Queen’s law advisers are, I dare say, as busy as the Devil in a high wind.

These are, in chronological order, the earliest occurrences that I have found of the phrase as busy as , or busier than , a one-armed paperhanger , and variants:

1 -: From the following advertisement, published in The Pacific Commercial Advertiser (Honolulu, Hawaii) of Tuesday 19 th June 1906:

THE FAVORITE GROTTO. Our chef is kept as busy as a one-armed man engaged in the exercise of bean-bag. The reason is easily found. Today’s lunch menu, which follows, explains it: SOUP—SCOTCH BROTH, BARLEY CURRIED LAMB A LA BOMBAY , BOILED RICE GERMAN POT ROAST, POTATO PANCAKE MASHED POTATO      SPINACH METROPOLE SALAD 25c. With Beer , Wine, Tea or Coffee. Open all night. F. J. KILEY, Prop., Cor. Hotel and Bethel Streets.

2 -: The phrase as busy as a one-armed man engaged in the exercise of bean-bag occurs again in an advertisement for the same restaurant, published the following day in The Pacific Commercial Advertiser .

3 -: From The Ethics of Pig , by the U.S. short-story writer O. Henry (William Sydney Porter – 1862-1910), published in Munsey’s Magazine (New York—London: The Frank A. Munsey Company, Publishers) of October 1906:

I got as busy as a one-armed man with the nettle-rash pasting on wall-paper .

4 -: From Sunday Prizefight in Little Old New York. The Kind of “Sport” Indulged in Because Country Legislators Will Not Allow Legitimate Boxing in the Big Cities , by ‘Tad’, published in The Buffalo Enquirer (Buffalo, New York) of Monday 15 th October 1906:

New York, Oct. 15.—Jeff O’Connell, an English featherweight, fought Charley Lucas, a New York lad, yesterday afternoon on a west side pier and battered him up in a fifteen round fight. It was at 3 o’clock when the meeting was to take place. We all met in a bum saloon over on 8 th Avanue [sic], somewhere near 37 th Street, and waited for the mitt artists. There was a restaurant upstairs. A man with red grogans was the chef and he was as busy as a one-armed paper hanger with the hives.

5 -: From Novices at Kicking. Americans Are Not the Champion Grumblers. Europeans Are Experts , by Clarence L. Cullen, published in The Evening Star (Washington, D.C.) of Saturday 20 th October 1906—the author described:

a Russian grand duke, a young man said to be worth some few hundreds of millions of dollars , a spender from away back, a man who on his tour of this country was as busy as a one-armed paper-hanger with the hives just tossing away money.

6 -: From Letters From An Old Sport To His Son In College , by Jim Nasium, published in the Chattanooga Daily Times (Chattanooga, Tennessee) of Sunday 28 th October 1906:

Dear Son—The bats in your garret must be flapping their wings again. If you hoop up with that gang of pikers to play professional football it’s bye-bye to the knowledge factory and back to the wheat belt for you. There’s something better ahead of you, and you just stay right where you are and keep busier than a one-armed philosopher with the itch working in a high wind.

7 -: From Split Finney Wonders Why They Do It. Will Some One Please Explain Why Men With Money Try to Break Their Necks? , published in The Sun ( New York City , N.Y.) of Sunday 4 th November 1906:

“Bo, as long as I’ve got a two piastre shinplaster in the kick or in sight I’m going to be as busy ducking trouble as a one-armed paperhanger with the hives.”

8 -: From Letters From an Old Sport To His Son in College , by Jim Nasium, published in the  Chattanooga Daily Times  (Chattanooga, Tennessee) of Sunday 28 th  April 1907:

If you would succeed in baseball when you get on the field you want to keep busier than a one-armed paper-hanger with the hives.

9 -: From Letters From An Old Sport To His Son In College , by Jim Nasium, published in the  Chattanooga Daily Times  (Chattanooga, Tennessee) of Sunday 16 th  June 1907:

There are no sleeping cars on the limited express to fame; it’s a work train from one end of the line to the other. The sooner you get wise to this the sooner you’ll get out of your slump and into the sporting page. So you stick right on the job, son, and keep busier than a one-armed bill-poster with the itch, working in a high wind. When you’re in baseball as a business you’ve got to treat it like a business and not go at it like yyou [sic] would a game of drop the hankerchief [sic] at a Sunday school picnic.

10 -: From a letter to the Editor, published in The Chattanooga News  (Chattanooga, Tennessee) of Saturday 14 th  September 1907:

Mr. Hale and Sanders have been as busy as a one-armed bill poster on a wintry day with the seven-year itch.

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What Do Paperhangers Do (including Their Typical Day At Work)

Stan T. January 12, 2021 Career , Job Description Leave a Comment

Job Description, Daily Responsibilities, and Work Life

Paperhangers

Paperhangers cover interior walls or ceilings of rooms with decorative wallpaper or fabric, or attach advertising posters on surfaces such as walls and billboards. May remove old materials or prepare surfaces to be papered.

Table of Contents

Job description.

Paperhangers cover interior walls or ceilings of rooms with decorative wallpaper or fabric, or attach advertising posters on surfaces such as walls and billboards. May remove old materials or prepare surfaces to be papered. They also smooth strips or sections of paper with brushes or rollers to remove wrinkles and bubbles and to smooth joints.

Other tasks include:

• Trim rough edges from strips, using straightedges and trimming knives.
• Trim excess material at ceilings or baseboards, using knives.
• Check finished wallcoverings for proper alignment, pattern matching, and neatness of seams.
• Mark vertical guidelines on walls to align strips, using plumb bobs and chalk lines.
• Cover interior walls and ceilings of rooms with decorative wallpaper or fabric, using hand tools.
• Apply adhesives to the backs of paper strips, using brushes, or dunk strips of prepasted wallcovering in water, wiping off any excess adhesive.

We asked Paperhangers how satisfied they are with their job. Here is what they said.

63% of them said they were satisfied with their job and 56% said they find that their job makes the world a better place or helps to make someone else’s life better.

Typical Day At Work

On a daily basis, Paperhangers fill holes, cracks, and other surface imperfections preparatory to covering surfaces. They smooth rough spots on walls and ceilings, using sandpaper.

A typical day for a Paperhanger will also include:

• Smooth strips or sections of paper with brushes or rollers to remove wrinkles and bubbles and to smooth joints.
• Place strips or sections of paper on surfaces, aligning section edges and patterns.
• Set up equipment, such as pasteboards and scaffolds.
• Mix paste, using paste powder and water, and brush paste onto surfaces.

We asked some Paperhangers a few questions to find out what else does their work day look like. Here is what we found.

Other responsibilities

Besides their typical day, Paperhangers also remove old paper, using water, steam machines, or solvents and scrapers. They may also measure surfaces or review work orders to estimate the quantities of materials needed.

On a weekly to monthly basis, Paperhangers Remove paint, varnish, dirt, and grease from surfaces, using paint remover and water soda solutions. They might also Apply sizing to seal surfaces and maximize adhesion of coverings to surfaces.

In addition, they Cover interior walls and ceilings of rooms with decorative wallpaper or fabric, using hand tools.

Although specific duties may vary, many of them Smooth rough spots on walls and ceilings, using sandpaper.

To some Paperhangers, it is also their responsibility to Set up equipment, such as pasteboards and scaffolds.

Working life

Standard 40 hour work week

Regular schedule like a 9 to 5

In a typical work week as a Paperhanger, you can expect to work 40 hour work week.

Do Paperhangers work in an office-style work environment?

Do Paperhangers work outdoors?

Is this right for me

The Builders and The Organizers

People who are suitable for this job tends to like work activities that include practical, hands-on problems and solutions. They like working with plants, animals, and real-world materials like wood, tools, and machinery..

They also like following set procedures and routines. They like working with data and details more than with ideas.

You can read more about these career personality types here.

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What is a deed of reconveyance and how does it work.

Quick insights

• A deed of reconveyance signifies the complete repayment of your mortgage loan and the removal of any liens against the property.
• The process usually involves the borrower paying off the loan, requesting a reconveyance from the lender or trustee, signing the deed, getting it notarized and receiving a copy of the deed.
• The most common fees associated with obtaining a deed of reconveyance include a recording fee, notary fee, document preparation fee and service fee.

Think of the deed of reconveyance, commonly known as “the deed”, as the next step of your financial journey and the mortgage process . This crucial document wipes away any outstanding debts to ensure your title is clear. In this article, we will cover the nuances of this essential document, its intricacies and shed light on the journey from mortgage borrower to proud homeowner.

What is a deed of reconveyance?

A deed of reconveyance is a document that indicates you have fully paid off the mortgage on your home. This document represents the transfer of ownership from your loan provider to you. The process typically involves the mortgage provider releasing the lien placed on your property, indicating that you have successfully repaid your mortgage loan in full.

What is satisfaction of mortgage?

A satisfaction of mortgage is a document issued by the mortgage provider to the borrower once the loan has been paid off in full. It often serves as proof that the loan has been satisfied, and the borrower no longer owes money on the mortgage.

Both documents represent that a mortgage loan has been fully paid off, but the satisfaction of mortgage is used more universally in the world of loan servicing. A deed of reconveyance is usually specific to certain states, particularly in deed of trust states. A deed of trust is a type of real estate transaction that some states use instead of a mortgage. This document is used to transfer the legal title of a property from the trustee back to the borrower once the loan has been paid off entirely.

What is full reconveyance?

A full reconveyance, also known as a reconveyance of mortgage, is the complete release of a property from the mortgage or deed of trust. This process generally occurs once the borrower has fulfilled all financial obligations associated with the mortgage, resulting in the lender relinquishing any liens on the property. This document is proof that the borrower now fully owns their property free and clear.

How does the deed of reconveyance process work?

The typical process for the deed of reconveyance is as follows:

• Loan repayment: The borrower makes all of the required payments on the loan, paying off the debt entirely.
• Request for reconveyance: Once the mortgage loan is fully paid off, the borrower requests a reconveyance from the loan provider or the trustee.
• Verification of payment: The mortgage provider will verify that the loan has been paid off in full by conducting a title search or reviewing the loan documents.
• Preparation of deed: If everything checks out, the lender or trustee will prepare the deed of reconveyance to release the lien on the property.
• Signing and recording: Both the lender or trustee and the borrower will sign the deed of reconveyance. This is recorded with the appropriate county or municipal office where property records are securely kept.
• Review for errors:  It's important for both parties to review the deed of reconveyance for any errors or discrepancies. If necessary, corrections will be made to ensure accuracy.
• Notarization: Once the document has been fully reviewed and checked for accuracy, the deed is notarized to validate the signatures of the parties involved.
• Notification :  Once everything has been recorded, the borrower will typically receive a copy of the recorded deed of reconveyance to confirm that the mortgage loan has been fully satisfied.

Are there any fees associated with obtaining a deed of reconveyance?

The fees associated with obtaining a deed of reconveyance can vary. It depends on the jurisdiction and the practices of the lender. Some of the more common fees may include:

• Recording fee
• Document preparation fee
• Service fee

At this stage, it can be favorable for the borrower to inquire about any potential fees with their loan provider or trustee before initiating the reconveyance process.

What information is included with a deed of reconveyance?

A deed of reconveyance generally includes the following information:

• Property details: The legal description of the property being reconveyed. It includes the home address and any relevant lot numbers or parcels.
• Lender information: The name and contact information of the lender or trustee who held the mortgage loan.
• Borrower information: The name(s) or the borrower(s) who originally obtained the loan or deed of trust.
• Release language: The release language will state that the mortgage or deed of trust has been fully paid off, releasing any liens against the property.
• Notary section: The mortgage lender or trustee, the borrower(s) and a notary public will sign the document, along with the date of signing.
• Recording information: Any pertinent information will be recorded and stored at the appropriate county or municipal office.

If any information is missing or inaccurate, contact the lender or trustee and request a corrected deed of reconveyance with the correct information. The entire reconveyance process can take as little as a few weeks to a couple of months.

The deed of reconveyance represents more than just paperwork – it symbolizes the fulfillment of your mortgage term and marks a major milestone in your homeownership journey. As you review the documents and go through the process, make sure everything is correct. Reach out to your mortgage lender or trustee if you have any questions and need clarification. With the deed of reconveyance, you can confidently move forward knowing that your hard work and dedication have paid off. It’s time to enjoy this new chapter of financial stability.

Take the first step and get preapproved.

Have questions connect with a home lending expert today.

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What does ‘SB' mean in the Olympics? Track and field abbreviation explained

Grant fisher set an "sb" during the 10,000-meter run on friday, by nbc sports chicago staff • published august 2, 2024 • updated on august 7, 2024 at 3:28 pm.

Want to be knowledgeable of the Olympic track and field abbreviations as you watch the action this week? Look no further.

As track and field events continue, people are curious about the flurry of abbreviations the broadcast uses to inform viewers.

📺 24/7 Chicago news stream: Watch NBC 5 free wherever you are

Here are some of the most common abbreviations used in track & field, including "SB."

• "SB": Season's Best
• "PB": Personal Best
• "OR": Olympic Record
• "WR": World Record
• "DQ": Disqualified
• "DNF": Did Not Finish
• "DNS": Did Not Start

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Grant Fisher, one of the United States' most elite distance runners, set a season-best on Friday in the 10,000-meter run, finishing with a 26:43.46 "SB."

His previous "SB" came from the U.S. Olympic trials in June, when he ran 27:49.47.

Fisher claimed his first Olympic medal, finishing third in the event behind Uganda's Joshua Cheptegei (26:43.14) and Ethiopia's Beriju Aregawi (26:43.44).

He is the first American to claim an Olympic medal in the 10,000-meter run since Galen Rupp in the 2012 games. Fisher and Rupp are the only two Americans since 1964 to win a medal in the event.

Feeling out of the loop? We'll catch you up on the Chicago news you need to know. Sign up for the weekly Chicago Catch-Up newsletter .

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Redirect Notice

Nih's definition of a clinical trial.

This page provides information, tools, and resources about the definition of a clinical trial. Correctly identifying whether a study is considered by NIH to be a clinical trial is crucial to how you will:

• Select the right NIH funding opportunity for your research study
• Write the research strategy and human subjects sections of your grant application and contract proposal
• Comply with appropriate policies and regulations, including registration and reporting in ClinicalTrials.gov

In 2016, NIH launched a multi-faceted effort to enhance its stewardship over clinical trials. The goal of this effort is to encourage advances in the design, conduct, and oversight of clinical trials while elevating the entire biomedical research enterprise to a new level of transparency and accountability. The NIH definition of a clinical trial was revised in 2014 in anticipation of these stewardship reforms to ensure a clear and responsive definition of a clinical trial. Learn more about why NIH has made changes to improve Clinical Trial Stewardship .

NIH Definition of a Clinical Trial

The term " study " refers to a research protocol or set of experiments designed to investigate a scientific question. in which one or more human subjects are prospectively assigned prospectively assigned The term "prospectively assigned" refers to a pre-defined process (e.g., randomization) specified in an approved protocol that stipulates the assignment of research subjects (individually or in clusters) to one or more arms (e.g., intervention, placebo, or other control) of a clinical trial. to one or more interventions interventions An "intervention" is defined as a manipulation of the subject or subject's environment for the purpose of modifying one or more health-related biomedical or behavioral processes and/or endpoints. Examples include: drugs/small molecules/compounds; biologics; devices; procedures (e.g., surgical techniques); delivery systems (e.g., telemedicine, face-to-face interviews); strategies to change health-related behavior (e.g., diet, cognitive therapy, exercise, development of new habits); treatment strategies; prevention strategies; and, diagnostic strategies. (which may include placebo or other control) to evaluate the effects of those interventions on health-related biomedical or behavioral outcomes. health-related biomedical or behavioral outcomes. A "health-related biomedical or behavioral outcome" is defined as the pre-specified goal(s) or condition(s) that reflect the effect of one or more interventions on human subjects' biomedical or behavioral status or quality of life. Examples include: positive or negative changes to physiological or biological parameters (e.g., improvement of lung capacity, gene expression); positive or negative changes to psychological or neurodevelopmental parameters (e.g., mood management intervention for smokers; reading comprehension and /or information retention); positive or negative changes to disease processes; positive or negative changes to health-related behaviors; and, positive or negative changes to quality of life.

DECISION TOOL

Your human subjects study may meet  the NIH definition of a clinical trial.

FIND OUT HERE

Use the following four questions to determine the difference between a clinical study and a clinical trial:

• Does the study involve human participants?
• Are the participants prospectively assigned to an intervention?
• Is the study designed to evaluate the effect of the intervention on the participants?
• Is the effect being evaluated a health-related biomedical or behavioral outcome?
• You are studying healthy participants
• Your study does not have a comparison group (e.g., placebo or control), or has a single arm
• Your study is only designed to assess the pharmacokinetics, safety, and/or maximum tolerated dose of an investigational drug
• Your study is utilizing a behavioral intervention, or measuring intent to change behavior
• Only one aim or sub-aim of your study meets the clinical trial definition
• Your study is no more than minimal risk

Studies intended solely to refine measures are not considered clinical trials. Studies that solely involve secondary research with biological specimens or health information are not clinical trials.

Upcoming Events

• Decision Tree for NIH Clinical Trial Definition (PDF) – Print this decision tree for an easy reference for the four questions that identify a clinical trial.
• Case Studies – These simplified case studies illustrate the differences between clinical trials and clinical studies.
• NOT-OD-15-015 – Notice of Revised NIH Definition of “Clinical Trial”
• Key Dates & Policy Notices
• Training & Resources
• Human Subjects Research
• ClinicalTrials.gov
• Research Methods Resources
• ClinRegs: International Clinical Trials Regulations
• For NIH Staff

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What does Project 2025 mean for military veterans?

By Patty Nieberg

Posted on Jul 19, 2024 1:00 PM EDT

For Task & Purpose coverage of Project 2025’s proposals for the U.S. military and Department of Defense , click here.

Project 2025, a policy guide that could be the blueprint for a second Donald Trump term, would revamp the Department of Veterans of Affairs with proposals to increase privatization, narrow the eligibility criteria for health benefits and replace civil service-style employees with political appointees in its ranks.

The document begins with an historical summary of the Department of Veterans Affairs, VA, and its current challenges meeting an aging, migrating population of veterans while modernizing and keeping costs within its budget. Chapter 20, which is dedicated to VA reforms , was written by Brooks D. Tucker , former VA Chief of Staff during the Trump Administration.

“Our goal is to assemble an army of aligned, vetted, trained, and prepared conservatives to go to work on Day One to deconstruct the Administrative State,” the manual states . “The VA must continually strive to be recognized as a ‘best in class,’ ‘Veteran-centric’ system with an organizational ethos inspired by and accountable to the needs and problems of veterans, not subservient to the parochial preferences of a bureaucracy.”

Task & Purpose reached out to six national veterans advocacy organizations for comment for this story. Three said they had no comment on Project 2025’s policy recommendations, the others did not respond, nor did two experts on veteran affairs at a major defense policy research organization.

Some veterans argue that Project 2025’s goals would impact veterans directly before any changes to the VA. In a July 9 op-ed, Michael Embrich, a veteran and former member of the secretary of Veterans Affairs’ Advisory Committee on the Readjustment of Veterans, wrote that the proposed cuts to federal agencies like the FBI and Justice Department could “disproportionately affect” the 300,000 veterans who make up roughly 30% of the federal workforce.

But the project devotes an entire section to overhauling major pieces of the VA.

In a similar fashion with its goals for other federal agencies, Project 2025 envisions a VA that is run by more political appointees . The policy calls for rescinding all “delegations of authority” granted by the Biden Administration and transferring Senior Executive Service employees out of positions designated for presidential appointees to “ensure political control of the VA.”

The project would rescind all Department of Defense policies “contrary to principles of conservative governance” including abortion services and gender reassignment surgery , arguing that “neither aligns with service-connected conditions,” which would warrant VA care.

Project 2025 also wants to revisit in-person work policies which transformed after the coronavirus pandemic to more hybrid and remote-work centric allowances for VA employees. The policy manual alleges that the work policies have turned into the VA’s current Secretary, Deputy Secretary, and their staff routinely working from home, having limited in-person meetings and relying more frequently on video conference calls.

If policies associated with Project 2025 are enacted, veterans that were previously found eligible for service-connected disabilities may see those revised or taken away.

The Project 2025 manual acknowledges two of the largest VA policy changes that expanded the number of veterans who qualified for service-connected disability claims: The 1991 Agent Orange Act and 2022 PACT Act (Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act). The manual says that the two “ambitious authorities” have overwhelmed the VA’s ability to process new claims and adjudicate appeals, requiring more employees to stay up to date. The manual also says that the inclusion of injuries related to Agent Orange and Burn Pits/Airborne Toxins has caused “historic increases” in spending.

In May, the VA announced that it granted its one millionth benefit claim related to the PACT Act which changed the VA’s assumption of vet claims if they were present in a war zone where toxic chemicals were likely present – like at most U.S. bases during the Afghanistan and Iraq wars. When it was signed into law, the Wounded Warrior Project described the PACT Act as a policy that “opens up the door to pre- and post-9/11 combat veterans who served in areas of exposure.”

With the VA’s growing number of service-related health conditions, Project 2025 states that “some are tenuously related or wholly unrelated to military service” – the core issue for granting or denying service-connected disability claims.

Project 2025 provisions may mean that fewer health conditions qualify a veteran for disability benefits. More specifically, Project 2025 calls for a revision of the disability rating awards for future claims while “fully or partially” changing them for existing veteran claims.

More private healthcare

Project 2025 envisions bringing in more private companies for providing VA health care delivery, disability medical examinations, claims processing, and overall bureaucratic operations like acquisition and technology integration.

Subscribe to Task & Purpose today. Get the latest military news and culture in your inbox daily.

It also calls for a larger budget for veterans to access private medical providers with the VA’s Community Care network which uses third-party providers – TriWest Healthcare Alliance and Optum Serve . In July 2022, a VA official told the House Veterans’ Affairs Committee that Community Care accounted for 44% of the VA’s health care services. The VA has also steadily increased the amount it spends on Community Care from $7.9 billion in 2014 to $18.5 billion in 2021.

With the expansion of Community Care, Project 2025 also wants to codify VA MISSION Act access standards in legislation to “prevent the VA from avoiding or watering down the requirements in the future.” Passed in 2018, the act gives veterans more flexibility to access care outside of Veterans Health Administration.

A September 2022 study by the RAND Corporation found that increased Community Care could complicate coordination of veteran care between the VHA and community providers leading to confusion for patients, duplicative tests, increased costs, and lower-quality care. Researchers did note that Community Care has improved access for rural veterans living far away from VHA facilities but also said that “research on this topic has been limited.”

The policy also calls for a “veterans bill of rights” so veterans and VA staff are better educated about the process for dispute resolution and their benefit entitlements which includes their eligibility for Community Care. Currently, veterans are not routinely informed about their eligibility unless they request information or are given a referral, the manual states.

Changes to VA structure

Project 2025 calls for an assessment of VA health facilities’ misalignment and rising infrastructure costs. The policy notes that the VHA’s 172 inpatient medical facilities across the U.S. are 60 years old on average, underutilized, and inadequately staffed. 

The envisioned restructuring of VA health facilities would look at expanding community outpatient clinics in areas where it costs the VA too much to maintain an entire healthcare campus for a dwindling or already small population of veterans.

The Project 2025 manual also calls for the VA’s healthcare system to publicly report on its ability to reach quality, safety, patient experience, timeliness, and cost-effectiveness standards similar to those set by the Medicare program.

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