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Software Testing Client Project Case Study

Apr 21 • Case Studies

We are often asked what software testing is . The video below shares a solid definition of the term.

But we thought a software testing project case study might be helpful to better understand what software testers do on a typical day. This includes testing software, writing requirement documents for our clients, and creating user guides to ensure compliance for our clients to use for quality assurance and auditing purposes.

Iterators LLC was hired to complete accessibility testing for a few projects for the Library of Congress (LOC). Accessibility testing is required on all government websites, with Section 508 and WCAG 2.2 requirements used. To become a Trusted Tester an employee must complete the DHS Trusted Tester online training course requirements and pass the DHS Section 508 Trusted Tester Certification Exam of Homeland Security in Accessibility, and we are in a unique position to help on this project. We cross-train all our employees so that we can work on several projects at one time or several different aspects of a project to complete the work and reduce the cost to our clients.

Our first project assigned by LOC was testing their new braille feature on BARD Mobile for Android. We were tasked with testing the braille feature with several refreshable braille displays.

During our testing, we used the Orbit Reader 20 , and two different braille displays from Freedom Focus 14 and Freedom Focus 40 . There are plans to use other refreshable displays such as Humanware, but this testing has not occurred yet. We needed to test refreshable braille displays and their use in tandem with Google BrailleBack and Google TalkBack .

This work was to ensure that all hardware worked as expected with the apps we were testing. For this testing, we had to complete functional testing, smoke testing, exploratory testing and had a user panel to ensure we caught all issues that a visually impaired individual might experience while using the app.

Initially, our client was unsure if we would find any bugs and hesitant to have us enter bugs into Bugzilla as they stated the software was “complicated”. Bugzilla is a web-based general-purpose bug tracking system and not unlike other bug tracking systems we use every day such as Jira, TestRails, PractiTest, and Click-Up.

Testing was completed over several agile sprints with many significant software testing bugs found. Our testing had us test against the National Library Service requirements document. Next, we had to create an up-to-date user manual. While the manual had been updated several times, the testing had not been.

For example, when downloading a book or magazine from the Now Reading section of the mobile app, the download would end up at the bottom of the page. For years, the user guide had listed the download being at the top of the page once the document was downloaded.

Our testing team, on several occasions, said this was an error in the documentation and that the download ends up at the bottom of the page. This was corrected in the user document and sent to the development team to fix per the requirement document.

Over the next several months, we reported 30 high-priority bugs with about half fixed at this point. We have encouraged our client to test in an agile fashion because once the development team is finished, it’s harder to get these bugs fixed.

Our bugs were reported and based on the requirement document used to create the software. Lastly, the user guide had to be rewritten to reflect the app's behavior and general updates.

Once the app was tested and created, the user guide was sent to Communication Services to ensure the style used per other requirement documentation. This document had to be approved before being disseminated to the public. For example, how does the library determine what the Most Popular Books are, and over what period.

Once the document was returned from COS, this PDF document had to be remediated . The process of remediation is to make a PDF, create the heading for the document, alt text added to meaningful images, and decorative images either ignored or taken out of the digital document altogether.

Once the remediation process is complete and validated, the document becomes ADA-compliant. We then provide an accessible PDF that can be read with the use of a screen reader and create the HTML output so that the document can be added to the Library of Congress website.

You can find the current user guide we completed here: https://www.loc.gov/nls/braille-audio-reading-materials/bard-access/bard-mobile-android/#creatingfolders3.3

Case studies can be a great learning tool in software testing and project management. By looking at project case study examples, you can see how the project was planned and executed, as well as how certain tasks were managed. This can give a better understanding of what software testing involves on a daily basis. With the right software testing case studies example, software testers can hone their skills, improve project performance, and ultimately deliver better software testing results.

Related Resources:

• Crafting an Effective Test Plan: A Step-by-Step Guide
• Top Test Management Tools
• Mobile Application Functional and Performance Testing

About the Author

Jill Willcox has worked on accessibility issues for most of her professional career. Iterators is an inclusive women-owned small business (WOSB) certified by the Small Business Administration and WBENC. We provide software testing services for websites, mobile apps, enterprise software, and PDF remediation services, rendering PDFs ADA compliant.

Jill Willcox

Clutch names iterators llc as a top certified women-owned business for 2022.

Iterators LLC named Top Certified Women0owned Business Again 2022

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Tx Helped a Renowned Insurance Company in the US Establish QA Center of Excellence to Achieve High-quality Software & A Greater CX with Test Advisory Services 

Tx professionals focused on critical system aspects, including planning, process control, performance metrics, test automation, execution, defect tracking, and reporting.

Tx Helped a Leading Mobile App Development Agency in UK Achieve Fully Functional Apps and Faster Time-to-Market 

Tx delivered end-to-end functional testing services to ensure that mobile apps are functioning seamlessly to deliver user experience (UX) and performed risk-driven functional testing to ensure optimal test coverage.

Tx Helped a Leading Insurance Company in the U.S. Achieve a Fully Functional Website and Reduced Time-to-Market by 30%  

Tx worked with the client to understand various insurance processes and suggested a flexible and cost-effective framework. Reduced time to market by 30% and saved significant costs. 

Tx helped an Intelligent Transport Systems Provider Save QA Costs by 40% with DevOps Services 

Tx performed DevOps consulting and enabled DevOps CI/CD deployment services with an offshore model to deploy their applications and microservices over the cloud (Azure). Tx Delivered a 40% QA cost savings due to the offshore model adopted. 

Tx helped a Leading Farm Credit Services Provider Achieve 90% Reduced QA Cycle Time and 50% Reduced Time to Market with Automated Functional Testing 

To help client achieve the required goal, we enabled end-to-end functional automation testing of their farm credit application suite comprising of more than ten applications using the recent DevOps CI/CD methodology.

Tx Helps an IoT Solutions Provider in Belgium Achieve 100% Automation and Improved Customer Experience 

Tx Helped a Leading Workflow Solutions Provider Achieve 99.8% Improvement in Application Reliability

Tx helped the client with a test strategy & framework to offer automation and detailed performance testing results. We assisted the client by introducing independent testing and test automation . 

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Tx Helped a Leading Investment Services Company Save 40% QA Cost & Achieve Successful Implementation of CRIMS System with Minimal Defects

Tx Assisted a US-Based Financial Services Company Achieve 100% Automation and Reduce QA Costs By 40%

Tx partnered with the client to understand the application flow and assisted automating test cases and batch execution. Our client has successfully saved costs, streamlined the processes, and scaled the business.

Tx’s Automated Testing Solution Assisted a US-based Tourism Company to Achieve 40% Faster Time-to-Market 

Tx teams understood the client’s business processes and rules and suggested a flexible, customizable, and cost-effective framework. Teams performed test automation to verify the complete functionalities and populated test regression results in a summary report.

UK-based Workplace Management Software Provider Achieved 90% Mobile Regression Suite Automation

Tx created a shared testing center for the client in a hybrid model, with scheduled onsite and offshore execution. Teams conducted a gap analysis of the client’s current QA processes and practices and recognized how well the QA stream could be integrated into their mainstream Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Further, the team recommended an implementation plan to bridge the identified gaps. 

Tx Assisted an Insurance Company Achieve 40% QA Cost Savings & 50% Faster Time-to-Market  

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How to Write a Test Case (Example & Template Included)

Creating software is a complex, layered endeavor. It involves many steps and usually has plenty of features. All that means there are many points in the project’s life cycle in which something can go wrong. A test case is an essential part of software development to make sure a product or a feature is working properly.

Let’s explain what a test case is and then we’ll show you how to write one, step by step. We’ll even add a link to a free test case template you can download to help you get started. But there’s not just one test case in software development so we’ll also define the different types to give you a full understanding of this value software development process.

What Is a Test Case In Software Development?

A test case is the actions taken to make sure a specific feature or functionality when testing software. It’s a document that outlines the steps, data, prerequisites and post-conditions needed to verify the software feature or functionality.

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Test Case Template

Use this free Test Case Template for Excel to manage your projects better.

Part of what a test case does is list the variables that quality assurance (QA) will need to compare the expected and actual results to determine if the feature or functionality works as it was supposed to. The test case document will mention the test case scenario, pre-conditions, test steps, test data, expected results and post-conditions.

The point of a test case isn’t only to validate the feature or functionality of the software but to help testers do their work correctly by identifying the steps they need to follow. This is especially helpful if a bug shows up later in the software development process. It also helps with future projects so they don’t have to start from scratch.

The test case in software development is a process that can be enhanced with project management software. ProjectManager is award-winning project management software that has kanban boards to capture every step in the process of testing the functionality of your software. Our customizable kanban board lets you turn each column into a stage in the case with kanban cards that capture the details. We have unlimited file storage so you can attach all pertinent documentation to the card for reference. Add a tag to each card to make it easy to find and set the priority for the developers and testers. Get started with ProjectManager today for free.

How to Write a Test Case

The test case is usually written by the software development team, the testing team or the QA team. It’s best that the person who didn’t write the code create the test case, as they’ll view it with fresh eyes and not gloss over something.

When creating a test case, there are a number of steps and formatting to follow. You’ll first want to give each case test a unique name. There will be many test case scenarios over the life cycle of the software development project. Having a unique ID makes it easier to find each one. Then you’ll want to follow these steps.

1. Describe Your Test Case Scenario

The first step is to define what it is you want to cover. There will be many test case scenarios created by developers, but only one should be tested at once. Describe that test scenario in detail.

2. Identify the Preconditions of the Test Case

The preconditions are the steps that have to be followed before the testers can test the scenario. In other words, these are actions that must happen in order for the functionality to be provided. These are not test case steps but happen prior to that.

3. Plan the Test Case Steps

Now, you’re ready to list the steps. They must be very detailed, but clear and easy for the tester to follow. This will put into motion input, execution and expected output to see if the feature or functionality is working as planned.

4. Define the Expected Results

You’ll want to detail what’s expected to happen with the test case scenario. It’s important to know the correct result in order to compare the test results. Naturally, if they match, then everything is working as expected, but if they don’t, then you’ll have to get the developers to fix whatever bugs are causing the issue.

5. Document the Actual Results of the Test Case

The whole reason for the test case is to see if the expected results are the same as the actual results. Here’s where you’ll document those actual results. Again, if the actual results and the expected results show no difference, then the functionality or feature is working. If not, then there’s a bug that must be fixed.

Test Case Example

Now that we’ve gone over the steps in writing a test case, it might be helpful to show that process with a test case example. Let’s imagine a new software product that’s password-protected. The case study scenario is to see whether the user ID and password work to give the user access to the product.

Therefore, the precondition for this test case scenario is having a valid user ID and password. That way you can test the functionality for the login process. Once you have your preconditions, you’ll want to outline the steps as they would be executed by the end users. To test the login, you’d have to 1) enter the user ID, 2) enter the password and 3) click enter.

The expected results would be access to the software. If that happens, the login is working correctly. In our hypothetical test case example, the actual results are that the user ID and password work and the tester is given access to the software. Therefore, the status for this test case scenario is that it passed.

Our example is but one of many test case scenarios that’ll have to be done. Using a test case template with help by having a consistent and repeatable document for testers to use. They can then be archived for historical data used in future projects. ProjectManager’s website has dozens of free project management templates for Excel and Word that can be downloaded to help with every phase of a project. Download our free test case template for Excel to help with your next project.

Types of Test Cases

You’ve probably realized that we’ve only been talking about one test case, but there are many more. Each test case is used to differentiate the use of test cases at each stage of the testing life cycle. Here are eight test case types, which all serve a different purpose in achieving the highest quality product.

1. Functionality Test Case

As the name suggests, this is used to verify if an application’s interface works with the rest of the system and its users.

2. User Interface Test Case

This test case is used to verify specific parts of the graphical user interface to make sure they look and work as intended. It also tests cosmetic inconsistencies, grammar and spelling errors, links and other elements the user interacts with or sees.

3. Performance Test Case

The performance test case is used to validate response times as well as the overall effectiveness of the application. When executing an action, it tests how long it takes for the system to respond.

4. Integration Test Case

Here all the combined functionality of a product is tested after integration. It’s done to ensure interfaces between the different modules are working properly.

5. Usability Test Case

This test checks how easy it is for new users to understand the software. A user who’s confused at any point is documented by the testing team and shown to the design team, which helps prepare the test case.

6. Database Test Case

Use this test case to verify what’s happening in the background of an application. The writers of this test case must have a deep understanding of the entire application, the database tables and stored procedures.

7. User Acceptance Test Case

This test case is a bit different from the others in that it doesn’t look for bugs as much as to verify that the application is acceptable to the user. These tests are broad, covering all areas of the application.

8. Security Test Case

The security test case is to make sure that data is protected where and when it’s required to be protected. This is done to make sure the application restricts actions and permissions where necessary. The focus is mostly on authentication and encryption.

How ProjectManager Helps With Software Development

The test case is but a small part of the larger IT project management practice, which is facilitated by the use of project management software. ProjectManager is award-winning project management software that offers secure collaboration, robust integrations and detailed reporting to give IT project managers and their teams the tools they need to work more efficiently. We’ve already shown how our kanban boards give testers the tools they need to thoroughly test out software products while giving managers visibility into their processes. But that’s only one of the many project views our software has to offer.

Collaborate Across IT Departments

When working with cross-functional teams on a project not everyone is going to use the same tools. Our multiple project views give you the choice between Gantt charts, kanban boards , task lists, sheet and calendar views. All those views are updated together and teams can share files, get notifications and comment on tasks. Our integrations with Jire, Slack and Teams also foster better collaboration. Since we’re SOC 2 certified, you can always be sure that your data is secure.

Get a High-Level Overview in Real Time

Managers need to monitor the progress and performance of their teams. On our software, all they have to do is toggle over to the real-time dashboard to see easy-to-read graphs and charts. There’s even a portfolio dashboard if you’re tasked with managing multiple projects. You can filter the dashboard and make it as simple or detailed as you’d like with interchangeable widgets. Plus, there’s no time-consuming setup as with lightweight dashboards. Ours is ready when you are.

Of course, that’s only the tip of the iceberg when it comes to our features. We also have resource management tools to set the availability of your team and balance their workload. Secure timesheets, roadmaps and much more. Our software has the flexibility to work in an agile environment, waterfall or hybrid methodology to ensure that your IT projects are planned, managed and tracked properly.

ProjectManager is online project management software that connects teams in the office or across the globe. Our software helps internal IT teams or if you’re an IT company execute how you want with the transparency to monitor and report in real time, schedule with dependencies and much more. Get started with ProjectManager today for free.

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6 A/B testing examples to inspire your team’s experiments

A/B testing seems simple: put two different product versions head-to-head to see which one works better for your users.

But in reality, A/B testing can get complicated quickly. Your website has so many different elements—buttons, inputs, copy, and navigational tools—and any one of them could be the culprit of poor conversion rates. You want to ensure you have the right tools and processes to solve the case.

That's why you need to analyze A/B testing examples—to see what kind of strategies and tools other companies used to successfully carry out their experiments.

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This article looks at six A/B testing examples and case studies so you can see what works well for other businesses—and learn how to replicate those techniques on your own . You’ll walk away with new ways to test website improvements that boost the user experience (UX) and your conversion rates.

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6 brilliant A/B testing case studies to learn from

Product and website design is not just an art; it’s also a science. To get the best results, you need to conduct A/B testing: a controlled process of testing two versions of your product or website to see which one produces better results.

A/B testing, also known as split testing , follows a predictable structure:

Find a problem

Create a hypothesis of how you could solve it

Create a new design or different copy based on your hypothesis

Test the new version against the old one

Analyze the results

But within this structure, you have many choices about the A/B testing tools you use, the types of data you collect, and how you collect that data. One of the best ways to learn and improve is to look at successful A/B testing examples: 

1. Bannersnack: landing page

Bannersnack , a company offering online ad design tools, knew they wanted to improve the user experience and increase conversions —in this case, sign-ups—on their landing page.

Unsure where to start, Bannersnack turned to Hotjar Heatmaps to investigate how users interacted with the page. With heatmaps, the company could visualize the areas with the most clicks and see spots website visitors ignored .

With A/B testing, Bannersnack discovered that a larger, higher-contrast call-to-action button made a huge difference. Check out the heat difference on these before-and-after click maps!

With this data, Bannersnack could hypothesize how to improve the experience and then create an alternate design, or variant, to test side-by-side with the original. 

Bannersnack completed multiple rounds of testing, checking heatmaps each time and getting incrementally closer to their desired results. Ultimately, they realized they needed a larger call-to-action (CTA) button with a higher contrast ratio—and sign-ups increased by 25%.

💡Pro tip: optimize your landing page by breaking down drivers, barriers, and hooks. 

Drivers are the reasons a lead came to the page

Barriers are the reasons they’re leaving

Hooks are the reasons they convert

Once you fully understand customer behavior on your landing page, you can develop—and test—ideas for improving it. 

2. Turum-burum: checkout flow

Digital UX design agency Turum-burum aimed to optimize conversions for their customer Intertop, an ecommerce shoe store based in Ukraine. 

In the UX analysis phase, Turum-burum used Hotjar Surveys —specifically, an exit-intent pop-up —to gather user insights on Intertop’s checkout page. When a user clicked to leave the page, the survey asked, “Why would you like to stop placing the order?” Out of the 444 respondents, 48.6% said they couldn’t complete the checkout form.

The next step was to develop hypotheses and A/B test them. Turum-burum tested changes like reducing the number of form fields, splitting the webpage into blocks, and adding a time-saving autofill feature.

Each time they tweaked a page, the company used Hotjar Recordings and Heatmaps to see how users experienced the change. Heatmaps revealed trends in users’ click and scroll behavior, while Recordings helped the team spot points of friction, like rage clicks, users encountered during the checkout flow.

The final result? Intertop’s conversion rate increased by 54.68% in the test variant. When they officially rolled out the changes, the average revenue per user (ARPU) grew by 11.46%, and the checkout bounce rate decreased by 13.35%.

Hotjar has flexible settings for heatmaps and session recordings, which is especially useful when you’re A/B testing and want to see how users experience each version of your design.

3. Spotahome: new features

A/B testing doesn’t have to be stuffy or stressful. Online booking platform Spotahome keeps it casual and fun with Hotjar Watch Parties .

Right now, people in product and engineering at Spotahome use Hotjar on a daily basis. We’re always running A/B tests and using Hotjar to see how the new feature performs.

Developers gather virtually, over a video call, and watch recordings of users interacting with new features.

For example, when watching recordings of users experiencing their new sign-up flow, developers noticed a broken button. 

While they might have grimaced and groaned when they spotted it, the moment allowed them to catch a problem that would’ve cost them conversions.

💡Pro tip: don’t be afraid of negative results when running A/B tests. 

Johann Van Tonder , CEO at ecommerce CRO agency AWA digital , says, “A test with a strong negative result means you’ve identified a conversion lever. You’ve pulled it in the wrong direction, now just figure out how to pull it in the opposite direction.”

Johann says he often gets even more excited about negative results because they showcase how valuable A/B testing actually is. 

“We tested a redesigned checkout flow for a famous car rental company,” he says. “It would’ve cost them £7m in annual revenue if they’d just made it live as is.”

Even though negative results are sometimes inevitable, there are some common A/B testing mistakes you need to be aware of, so you can get maximum results from your experiments. Check out the top A/B testing mistakes chapter of this guide (coming soon!) to learn more.

4. The Good: mobile homepage

Ecommerce CRO experts The Good took on the task of achieving higher conversion rates on mobile for client Swiss Gear, a retailer of outdoor, travel, and camping supplies.

To uncover any existing issues or bottlenecks, The Good turned first to Google Analytics to determine where, when, and why visitors left the website . 

With this quantitative data as a starting point, the company cued up Hotjar Heatmaps, which are free forever , to highlight users’ click and scroll patterns. Then, they used Hotjar Recordings to determine the why behind user behavior — the qualitative data —and form their hypotheses about how to make improvements. 

The Good tested their hypotheses, using heatmaps and recordings again after each test to see how changes impacted user behavior.

The Good used Hotjar Heatmaps to understand how users interacted with content filters, and used this data to redesign client Swiss Gear’s mobile menu to be more user-friendly.

The Good discovered that users were getting confused by the iconography and language on Swiss Gear's mobile site. The process led the team to design a simple, visually appealing menu-driven user interface (UI) for the mobile homepage.

This interface streamlined the browsing experience by promoting top filters—a move that led to big results: Swiss Gear’s mobile bounce rate dropped by 8% and time on site increased by 84% .

💡Pro tip: use Hotjar Engage for even more insights when optimizing your mobile site. 

Engage lets you source and interview real users about how they experience your site on their phones. Then, you can filter these interviews by type of phone, like Android or iPhone, to look for usability trends.

Recruit from Hotjar’s pool of 175,000+ verified participants and automatically screen to make sure you’re speaking to the right people

5. Re:member: application form

Re:member , a Scandinavian credit card company, knew something was wrong with their funnel. Google Analytics showed that many qualified leads arrived from affiliate sites—and quickly left before they signed up for a credit card.

Using Hotjar filters , re:member’s Senior Marketing Specialist, Steffen Quistgaard, pulled up recordings and click maps of sessions from affiliate sites only. 

While studying these sessions, Quistgaard noticed users scrolling up and down, clicking to the homepage, and hovering over—and attempting to click on—the benefits section.

Putting together these behavioral trends, Quistgaard hypothesized that leads were hesitant and needed more persuasive information on the form.

Re:member redesigned their credit card application form with more visual organization on the right side for users: three distinct content sections, checkmarks instead of bullet points, and icons in the rewards program section.

Re:member’s team redesigned the form, using visual and web design hierarchy cues to call attention to the credit card’s features and benefits. Then, they conducted split testing.

The result? Form conversions went up 43% among users from affiliate sites and 17% overall.

💡Pro tip: use filters to spend less time searching and more time analyzing. 

If your site experiences high traffic volume, you could rack up many recordings in a short time. (No worries! You get 1,050 session recordings for free every month on the Hotjar Basic ‘free forever’ plan. 💪) 

To make the most of your time, you need to sort through your recordings in the most efficient way.

Hotjar offers several filters that you can use, depending on your goals: 

Finding broken elements or bugs: sort recordings by rage clicks , errors , or u-turns (when a user returns to the previous page in under seven seconds).

Test a new feature: verify your assumptions about how a new button or link is performing with the clicked element filter. This lets you refine your sessions to only see those sessions where users actually clicked on the featured element.

Compare two versions of your page: filter by events to better understand your A/B test results. By setting up each page variant as a separate event, you can easily separate the recordings before watching them.

6. Every.org: donation flow

Dave Sharp, Senior Product Designer at charity donation site Every.org , was watching session recordings when he noticed something interesting: a surge of rage clicks, or a series of repeated clicks in a short time, on their donation form.

After watching many sessions, Dave hypothesized that the form’s two CTAs were confusing and frustrating visitors.

Every.org created a new version of the donation flow, splitting it into two pages, each with only one CTA button. Then they tested it against the original version.

By the end of the A/B testing process, conversions had increased by a whopping 26.5%.

💡Pro tip: when running tests, save time with Hotjar features and integrations. 

While fine-tuning Every.org’s donation flow, Dave used three time-saving tricks to narrow down the number of recordings he was watching: 

Filter by URL: this filter meant Dave could focus on user activity on certain pages—he could skip sessions of users on the blog, for example, and focus on activity closer to the point of conversion

Sort by relevance: instead of watching users’ sessions chronologically, Dave chose to sort them by relevance . That meant Hotjar’s algorithm did the heavy lifting, finding the most insightful recordings for him.

Set up alerts: to save even more time, Dave used Hotjar’s Slack integration to get an alert each time new recordings surfaced of users trying the updated donation flow.

Every.org gets thousands of visitors each month, but with these strategies, Dave made quick work of a task that could otherwise seem daunting.

Get closer and closer to what users need

You can’t just rely on gut instinct when making changes to your website. To create a site visitors enjoy (and one that gets results), you need to collect real evidence and user insights. 

By looking at A/B testing examples, you’ll have a clear roadmap of how to identify a problem, create a hypothesis, and test variants of your site. In time, you’ll have a site that delivers exactly what your target audience wants—and keeps them coming back for more.

FAQs about A/B testing examples

What is a/b testing.

A/B testing is a controlled experiment in which you run two different product or website versions simultaneously and see which one performs better. For example, you might run your current sales page against a new version with a section that addresses objections. Then, you’d gather and analyze data to see which one resulted in more conversions.

Why is A/B testing important?

With A/B testing, you become data-driven instead of relying on your instincts when making improvements to your website design. It helps you identify and address issues like bugs, confusing layouts, and unclear CTAs to create a more satisfying user experience that decreases bounce rates, increases conversion rates, and gets you return customers. 

What can I learn from A/B testing examples?

A website is packed with content, images, organizational features, and navigational tools, so it’s sometimes hard to know where to start to make improvements. Looking at other companies that have had success with A/B testing can spark ideas as you develop your own approach. Here are a few A/B testing case studies we recommend checking out:

Bannersnack boosted its landing page conversions

Turum-burum improved shoe retailer Intertop’s checkout flow

The Good redesigned Swiss Gear’s mobile menu

Spotahome looked for bugs in new features

Re:member increased application form conversions

Every.org made its donation flow better for would-be donors

A/B testing framework

Previous chapter

A/B testing tools

Next chapter

Top 20 Automation Testing Case Studies in 2024

Transitioning to automated testing is the top priority in the software testing environment because of its benefits , such as: 

• Reduced testing time
• Expanded test coverage
• Faster feedback loops
• Enhanced overall quality

We analyze 20 case studies from various vendors and companies, highlighting their challenges and objectives before implementing test automation. Lastly, we will cover the effect of test automation on their business to guide QA executives regarding their investments in testing automation.

Examples of test automation case studies 

The following table has 20 case studies gathered from different companies and vendors. The first company listed is an AIMultiple sponsor. 

Automation testing can substantially improve a company’s QA process and is used by companies in different industries. 

A common characteristic we noticed in 50% of the case studies mentioned is that the companies initially used or experimented with Selenium, an open-source tool for test automation. However, companies opted for a different test automation provider because they found Selenium to be either too complicated to use or inefficient for their needs. 

What are the common problems in these case studies?

According to our observation, developers skip or reduce testing if a company has a hard-to-use or ineffective testing system because it increases the effort required without a clear benefit. An ineffective testing system can harm a company substantially by allowing bugs to reach later development stages, which can result in the following:

• Higher cost of bug fixing
• Lower product quality  
• Loss of customers

Automation testing effect : Test automation can reduce the effort required by manual testing. It is reported that in 46% of the cases where test automation was implemented, 50% or more of the manual testing was replaced. Additionally, 55% of companies seeking test automation mention quality improvement as their main strategic driver. 

Slow testing

Slow testing is a significant hurdle in the age of agile development and CI/CD. It is estimated that 35% of the testing cycle is spent on manual testing. Slow testing increases the development time and reduces the feedback available for each build of a design. 

Automation testing effect : Test automation can significantly increase the number of tests that can be run in a time period. 30% of companies that are pursuing test automation indicate time to market as their main driver. 

Workforce with different skill levels 

Each company’s testing workforce is different. Within a team, skill levels can drastically differ among members; some can be professional testers with advanced programming knowledge, while others might not know how to program.

Automation testing effect : Test automation tools can provide no/low-code solutions that can benefit non-technical users. 

To learn more about software testing best practices, you can read our Top 10 Best Practices for Software Testing .

Further readings

• API Testing: 3 Benefits & 8 Different Types
• Top 9 Metrics That Measure Your Software Testing Efficiency
• Continuous Testing: Definition, Top 7 Benefits, & Challenges

If you need more information regarding automation testing or the details of case studies, you can reach us:

Next to Read

Top 5 static code analysis tools in 2024: a detailed comparison , top 8 chatgpt test automation use cases in 2024, in-depth guide to accessibility testing automation in 2024.

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Related research

Top 5 Low-Code Test Automation Tools in 2024

7 End-to-End Testing Best Practices in 2024

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Write & Manage Test Cases Effortlessly with BrowserStack

Create & Manage Test Cases seamlessly using BrowserStack's Test Management tool

How to write Test Cases in Software Testing? (with Format & Example)

By Shreya Bose, Community Contributor - May 9, 2024

• What is a Test Case in Software Testing?

A test case refers to the actions required to verify a specific feature or functionality in software testing. The test case details the steps, data, prerequisites, and postconditions necessary to verify a feature.

It will lay out particular variables that QAs need to compare expected and actual results to conclude if the feature works. Test case components mention input, execution, and expected output/response. It tells engineers what to do, how to do it, and what results are acceptable.

Read More: How to create Test Scenarios with Examples

The Objective of Writing Test Cases in Software Testing

Standard test case format, how to write test cases (test case example), how to write and manage test cases using browserstack test management, creating test cases using test management tool, managing test cases using test management tool, why use browserstack test management tool for writing test cases, common features of test cases, best practices for writing test cases.

• To validate specific features and functions of the software.
• To guide testers through their day-to-day hands-on activity.
• To record a catalog of steps undertaken, which can be revisited in the event of a bug popping up.
• To provide a blueprint for future projects and testers so they don’t have to start work from scratch.
• To help detect usability issues and design gaps early on.
• To help new testers and devs quickly pick up testing, even if they join in the middle of an ongoing project.
• Test Case ID
• Test Scenario
• Prerequisites
• Expected/Intended Results
• Actual Results
• Test Status – Pass/Fail

While writing test cases, remember to include:

• A reasonable description of the requirement
• A description of the test process
• Details related to testing setup: version of the software under test, data points, OS, hardware, security clearance, date, time, prerequisites, etc.
• Any related documents or attachments testers will require
• Alternative to prerequisites, if they exist

Test Case Prioritization is vital while writing test cases in software testing. Running all the test cases in a test suite requires much time and effort. As the number of features increases, testing the entire suite for every build is practically impossible. Test case prioritization helps overcome these challenges.

Let’s build a test case example based on a specific scenario. Here is a sample case.

• Test Case ID : #BST001
• Test Scenario : To authenticate a successful user login on Gmail.com
• The user navigates to Gmail.com.
• The user enters a registered email address in the ’email’ field.
• The user clicks the ‘Next’ button.
• The user enters the registered password.
• The user clicks ‘Sign In.’
• Prerequisites : A registered Gmail ID with a unique username and password.
• Browser : Chrome v 86. Device: Samsung Galaxy Tab S7.
• Test Data: Legitimate username and password.
• Expected/Intended Results: Once username and password are entered, the web page redirects to the user’s inbox, displaying and highlighting new emails at the top.
• Actual Results: As Expected
• Test Status – Pass/Fail : Pass

Once test cases have been shaped, corresponding tests must be run on real browsers, devices, and operating systems. Remember that device fragmentation is a significant concern for every developer and tester. Every website has to work seamlessly on multiple device-browser-OS combinations. With 9000+ distinct devices being used to access the internet globally, all software must be optimized for different configurations, viewports, and screen resolutions.

Test on Real Device Cloud

Creating and managing test cases using BrowserStack Test Management are simple and efficient methods. Here is a step-by-step guide to follow:

• Access BrowserStack Test Management: Register or log in to your BrowserStack Test Management account and go to your project.
• Navigate to Test Cases Section: Find and access the “Test Cases” section within your project.
• Create a New Test Case: Start by clicking on “New Test Case” to create one.
• Define Test Case Details: Enter the test case title, description, and tags.
• Add Test Steps: Outline your test case with clear, actionable steps for thorough testing.
• Set Test Case Priority Level: Assign a priority level to manage the test execution effectively.
• Save and Review the Test Case: Ensure the test case is accurate and complete before finalizing.

Talk to an Expert

• Access Test Cases Section: Log into your BrowserStack Test Management account, navigate to your project, and enter the “Test Cases” section to start managing your test cases.
• View and Organize Test Cases: Look over the list of test cases in your project and arrange them by priority or other relevant criteria to enhance management.
• Edit Test Cases: Select a test case to see its details and edit information such as the title, description, test steps, and priority as necessary.
• Add or Remove Test Cases: Integrate new test cases by clicking on “New Test Case,” or delete outdated or unnecessary ones to keep your repository organized.
• Execute Test Cases: Run the test cases, monitor the progress of test executions, and track the results within the Test Management platform.
• Review Test Results: Post-test execution, analyze the outcomes, identify any issues or bugs, and classify them for fixing.
• Update Test Cases: Modify test cases based on the results or any changes in the application functionality.

BrowserStack Test Management Tool offers several features that make it effective for creating and managing test cases for web and mobile applications:

• Efficient Test Case Creation: Use ready-made templates in text-based or steps-based formats for fast, consistent, and streamlined test case creation. 
• Effortlessly Import from Zephyr Scale , Xray , TestRail , or CSV .
• Enhanced Test Case Authoring: Utilize features like quick additions, detailed forms, and a rich text editor for clear and comprehensive test cases, improving software quality.
• Customizable Test Cases: Adjust test details like priority, type, and status to meet project specifications, enhancing test accuracy.
• Efficient Test Case Management : Manage test cases effectively with bulk actions—edit, copy, move, and delete—boosting productivity.
• Advanced Search and Filtering: Find and organize test cases quickly with filters like status, Test Case Priority , ID, Title, and more.
• Integrated Workflows and Insights: Monitor test cases and runs with real-time insights into software releases, performance metrics, and trends.
• Robust Reporting: Utilize advanced reporting tools to track progress, pinpoint issues, and evaluate test outcomes, ensuring detailed quality assessments.

• Likely to be revised and updated regularly: Software requirements can change depending on business priorities or customer preferences. If requirements change, test cases will have to be altered accordingly. The detection of bugs and debugging steps may also require test cases to be changed.
• Likely to involve clustering:  Test cases in a single test scenario usually have to be run in a specific sequence or in a group. In this case, particular prerequisites of one test case will apply to other cases in the same sequence.
• Likely to be interdependent:  Often, test cases can depend on each other. This is especially true for layered applications with multi-tier business logic.
• Likely to be used by testers and developers: Test cases are helpful for developers and testers. For example, when devs fix bugs, test cases can be pretty valuable to replicate the said bug. In Test-Driven Development (TDD) , devs create test cases to craft business logic, cover multiple test scenarios, and start writing code.

Also Read : How to write Test Cases for Mobile Applications

• Prioritize clarity and transparency. Be clear, concise, and assertive in describing what the tester needs to do and what results they should ideally get.
• Focus on End-User requirements when writing sample test cases. Map test cases to reflect every aspect of the user journey. Use the Specifications Document and the Requirements Document to do so.
• Avoid repetition. If multiple tests can be executed with the same test case, use the Test Case ID to refer to the required test case.
• Keep Test Steps as minimal as possible. Ideally, keep it to 10-15 steps, if possible.
• Focus on achieving maximum test coverage . While 100% test coverage is rarely achievable, a high percentage can be attained with the right strategies.
• Create self-cleaning test cases. Test cases must revert the Test Environment to a pristine, pre-test state. Tests should not leave remnants of themselves in the environment when completed. This is an integral element of Configuration Management .
• Shape test cases for tests that return the same results no matter who runs them. Ensure that tests are self-standing.

Access BrowserStack Test Case Management

To sum up, the foundation of successful testing lies in creating well-structured and result-oriented test cases. The BrowserStack Test Management Tool provides an intuitive platform and a robust framework that ensure comprehensive test coverage and offers a clear, detailed roadmap for QA teams to follow. By utilizing this tool, teams can enhance their testing efficiency and accuracy, leading to more reliable software and better end-user experiences. 

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How to create a test Plan for your software? (Case Study)

By Abhay Talreja

My latest article - What is Exploratory Testing? Learn with a real world example

Test plans are essential in the software development cycle, serving as a blueprint for the testing processes and ensuring comprehensive coverage of the software's functionality.

A well-constructed test plan outlines the strategy, resources, scope, and schedule necessary for effective testing activities.

It ensures that the application functions according to the specified requirements and identifies any potential issues that could impact its performance or user experience.

By establishing a clear test plan during the test planning phase , teams can streamline their efforts, minimize risks, and increase the likelihood of a successful project outcome.

Table Of Contents -

Defining the scope and objectives, developing a comprehensive testing strategy, resource allocation and management, risk management strategies, establishing clear test deliverables, criteria for entry and exit, effective implementation of the test plan, continuous monitoring and adjustment.

• Testing Strategy
• Environment
• Mitigation Strategies

Step 6: Test Deliverables

• Entry Criteria
• Exit Criteria
• Implementation
• Frequently asked questions on the Role of Test Plan

Continue Reading

Crafting an effective test plan.

There are 3 important tasks that we need to perform while crafting a test plan.

The initial phase in crafting an effective test plan involves outlining the scope and primary objectives of the testing activities.

This section should detail the aspects of the software that will be tested and clarify the goals that the testing aims to achieve, such as ensuring data integrity, validating functional behavior, or assessing user experience.

Defining these elements upfront allows testers to focus their efforts more effectively and avoid any unnecessary work.

The strategy section of a test plan is crucial as it defines the methodologies and types of testing that will be employed—be it manual or automated testing.

This part should also discuss the rationale behind the chosen approaches, such as why certain testing techniques were selected over others based on the project's specific needs.

A detailed test strategy helps maintain alignment with the project's overall objectives and ensures consistent testing procedures.

Efficient management of resources is key to executing a test plan effectively.

This involves allocating the right mix of human resources, tools, and testing environments.

Detailing who will perform each task, the tools that will be used, and the environments in which the testing will take place helps prevent bottlenecks and ensures that the testing process runs smoothly.

Key Elements of a Test Plan

Incorporating risk management into the test plan involves identifying potential risks that could impact the testing phase and outlining strategies to mitigate these risks.

This proactive approach helps reduce the likelihood of significant issues arising and ensures that the team is prepared to handle any problems efficiently.

The test plan should specify the deliverables that are expected to result from the testing process.

These might include detailed reports, logs, and documented outcomes such as test cases, bug reports, and performance metrics.

Clear definitions of these deliverables help in measuring the testing's effectiveness and ensure accountability throughout the testing process.

Setting clear entry and exit criteria is essential for defining when testing should begin and when it concludes.

These criteria ensure that testing is only carried out when the application is ready and that it continues until all critical functionalities have been thoroughly veted and meet the project's requirements.

Executing and Monitoring the Test Plan

Putting the test plan into action requires coordination and effective communication among team members.

It's crucial for ensuring that the plan is followed diligently and that the testing objectives are met.

This section should discuss how to execute the plan effectively and adjust strategies as necessary based on ongoing findings and team feedback.

Continuous monitoring of the testing process is vital to ensure it remains on track and aligns with the project goals.

This involves regular reviews of the testing outcomes and adjusting the plan as needed to address any issues or changes in the project scope.

Case Study: XYZ Software Company

Background:

XYZ Software Company is preparing to launch a new application aimed at helping freelancers manage their projects and finances.

The software includes features such as project tracking, invoicing, time management, and financial reporting.

The primary objective of the test plan is to ensure that the application is robust, user-friendly, and free from critical bugs before its public release.

Step 1: Define the Scope and Objectives

The testing scope will cover all core functionalities of the application, including:

• Account creation and login processes.
• Project setup and management features.
• Time tracking capabilities.
• Invoice generation and management.
• Financial reporting accuracy.

Objectives:

• To validate all critical pathways function as intended.
• To ensure data integrity and security across the system.
• To confirm the application's usability across various devices and browsers.

Step 2: Develop a Testing Strategy

Testing strategy:.

• Manual Testing: For exploratory testing of new features.
• Automated Testing: To handle regression and load testing.
• Performance Testing: To ensure the application performs well under stress and high data volume.
• Security Testing: To uncover any potential vulnerabilities and ensure data protection.

Step 3: Resource Allocation

Team roles:.

• Test Manager: Oversees the testing efforts and ensures adherence to the test plan.
• QA Engineers: Execute testing based on the plan and report issues.
• Automation Specialists: Develop and maintain automated test scripts.
• Selenium for automated testing.
• JIRA for bug tracking.
• LoadRunner for performance testing.

Environment:

Development, staging, and production environments with identical hardware specs.

Step 4: Schedule and Milestones

• Test Planning: Week 1
• Test Case Development: Weeks 2-3
• Test Execution: Weeks 4-6
• Bug Fixes and Re-testing: Weeks 7-8
• Final Review and Sign-off: Week 9

Milestones:

• Completion of test case development.
• Mid-testing phase review.
• Completion of initial testing phase.
• Final approval of test results.

Step 5: Risk Management

• Delays in test case development could push back the testing phase.
• High severity bugs might require significant time to fix.

Mitigation Strategies:

• Allocate extra buffer time for unforeseen delays.
• Prioritize bugs by severity to manage fixes efficiently.
• Detailed test cases and scripts.
• Test execution reports.
• Bug reports and resolution summaries.
• Final test summary report.

Step 7: Entry and Exit Criteria

Entry criteria:.

• All test cases are reviewed and approved.
• Test environment is fully set up and operational.

Exit Criteria:

• All critical severity bugs are resolved.
• Test coverage meets the agreed-upon threshold.
• Product meets the performance benchmarks.

Step 8: Implementing and Monitoring the Test Plan

Implementation:.

• Execute tests according to the schedule.
• Regularly update the project team and stakeholders on the testing progress.

Monitoring:

• Track the testing progress against the plan.
• Adjust the testing strategy based on the results and team feedback.

Discuss potential future trends and innovations in test planning that could further refine the testing process.

This might include advancements in automated testing tools, AI-driven testing strategies, or new methodologies for performance and security testing.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) / People Also Ask (PAA)

What is the main purpose of creating a test plan in software testing?

What are the key components of a test plan in software development?

How does a test plan improve the quality of a software product?

What types of testing are typically included in a test plan?

What are the steps involved in implementing a test plan?

Software Testing Help

How to Plan and Manage Testing Projects Effectively (Tips)

In this article, you will learn how to plan and manage testing projects effectively with some effective tips. Let’s get started.

Project planning is one of the pivotal elements in the project management process.

How each individual team interprets the goals to be achieved represents the level of clarity in the project plan. Especially for a test project, inaccurate project planning can have a serious implication on the test execution of the system under test and also on the overall quality of the product.

=>  Click Here For Complete Test Plan Tutorial Series

Table of Contents:

Efficient Planning and Management of Testing Projects

Test planning process, allocation and distribution of tasks , resource management tips, test tracking/tools used for reporting , was this helpful, recommended reading.

In this test project planning tutorial, we will learn

• The overall project planning process in testing projects
• Discussion on certain specific planning elements, such as resource management , coordination, and reporting techniques

Given below is a walk-through of the various stages of the test planning process.

Stage #1: Review and Analyze the Requirements  

This is the first step for any project and plays a very important role in any testing project.

While trying to analyze the requirements , the test team has to identify and determine what items have to be tested. These items are heavily based on how the end user will consume the system and hence, have to be measurable, detailed, and meaningful.

Items or features that are identified describe what a particular software or product intends to do. These are characterized as functional requirements. There can also be a few non-functional requirements identified, such as performance or end-to-end software components’ interaction.

Individuals who understand the business objectives and can accurately outline the needs are involved in this task. They document and circulate the requirements for review. We must incorporate all review comments and feedback to drive the document to the final sign-off.

Stage #2: Scope of Testing

Testing extends the requirement analysis phase and is often viewed as a unified activity. Once the requirements are out, the test team can determine what items are to be tested. This activity should also target to determine what areas of testing are covered by what teams.

For example , one team is dedicated to FVT (Function Verification Test) and SVT (System Verification Test) will have a completely different scope for testing, and globalization may or may not be performed by FVT and so on.

Also, if the test project requires automation, the feasibility of that is also evaluated here. A clear scope defined will prove invaluable to the management in figuring out what has been tested and which team has covered the testing effort.  

Stage #3: Design the Test Strategy according to the Scope 

The test team, after gathering the requirements and identifying the scope of testing, will then put out a high-level document called the test strategy document, defining the testing approach to achieve the test objectives.

It is not advisable to update a test strategy document too often.

On a high level, the content of the test strategy document will have the scope and objective of the testing, the approach, roles, and responsibilities of individual test teams, tools identified for testing, the metrics identified, risks and mitigation plans, as well as reporting and tracking mechanisms, etc.

Stage #4: Identify the required tools needed for Testing and Management 

Based on whether automation is possible and whether CLI (Command Line Interface) or GUI automation is targeted, the corresponding tools need to be identified.  

There also have to be tools identified for test management which will help in creating and assigning tasks, tracking the test progress, identifying roadblocks, and generating reports showing progress. We will discuss this in the second part of the tutorial.  

Stage #5: Estimate the Test Effort and Team 

Correct effort estimation can prevent any time delays and dynamically enable the re-balancing of resources as required.

The primary factors that would influence this activity are the size of the team, the skills within the team, the attitude of the team, and the schedule. It is mandatory to have the effort estimations reviewed by the team to ensure they are in line with these factors which are directly proportional to their interest levels.  

Stage #6: Define Test Schedule 

Once you have the testable items that have been broken down into logical line items, the sizing estimate complete for the specified piece of work. A measurable test schedule has to be defined based on all these and the assigned testers.

Stage #7: Enablement Plan

Whether it’s a new project that has to be tested or an enhancement of a previously existing system, the test team must be trained not only technically, but also regarding the overall test process being followed.

Stage #8: Determine and procure the Test Environment

Identify the infrastructure required for testing the system and initiate all the requests to gain the needed hardware, software, and networking pieces to support the testing.

This is a crucial element in the planning phase, as this will govern the stability of the test environment, which will have a direct impact on the defects produced.

Stage #9: Identify test metrics  

Test metrics are the quantified method to derive the quality of the product or system.

At the beginning of any project, these measurable units need to be level-set which aid in determining whether there are any opportunities for improvement. For quality audit purposes, the metrics are direct indicators of the product and process quality.

Stage #10: Create the Software Test Plan , reviews and approved  

A test plan document is more test-centric and explains “what to test”, “when to test”, “how to test” and “who will test” which is determined from technical documentation such as use case documents, High-level designs, etc.

Till now, we have discussed the different stages in project planning.

While each stage can be a tutorial in itself, this portion of the article aims to bring out the less common aspects of planning tasks. Without proper planning, these tasks can harm both the test team and the product.

Now, let’s delve into these tasks, their significance, and techniques for continuously refining them to efficiently handle the QA project.

Effective Management of a Test Project 

When effective planning techniques are applied, any risks or errors can be easily identified even before testing commences. Although each of the tasks below is interrelated with each other, it is worth giving them a separate mention.

This stems from Effort Estimation and sizing in the planning stage. Keeping in mind the skills, attitude, schedule, and size of the team, here are a few important pointers for the allocation of tasks:

#1) It’s a very good practice to get the team together and communicate the objective and rationale behind the specified task clearly. Understanding the context of a particular piece of work allows individuals to approach it with a clear plan, ensuring they give their best effort.

#2) Prepare a skill chart for all the team members and assign the tasks accordingly. It is crucial to remember that even junior members deserve a fair chance to prove themselves.

For example : If a task is large, it can be split within a senior and junior member. This will enable leadership qualities in the senior member and will also build on the junior member’s knowledge. To tackle complex tasks effectively, it is best to enlist the collaboration of two or more senior members.

#3) Once an initial skeleton of the task assignment with the schedule is decided, float it around within the team and have them review it. Also, explain the motive and logic behind the assignment.

Before finalizing the assignment, it is important to have a conversation with the person involved to ensure their agreement or gather any additional suggestions. If nobody has any objections, proceed with the discussion on the schedule and the specific requirements for status reporting.

A feedback can also mean the individual does not agree with the allocation. Discuss with individuals and find out why they disagree with it and respect their point of view. If the concerns expressed are valid, look out for options to re-balance the assignment, so that there is no risk to the task being completed on schedule.

#4) Agree on the mode of reporting that is expected. Allow the individuals to decide if they want to give an email update or using any other informal modes. Make sure you’re easy to talk to and make them feel like they can come to you whenever they’re stuck or if anything’s stopping them from reaching the goal.

#5) Identification of the required tools to track the required tasks is essential. This will help timely review of the tasks that are still not yet worked upon, the ones in progress, and the ones that are completed.

Recommended Read => Test leadership and how to manage test team effectively

Here, I will touch upon some of the resource management aspects in brief.

#1) More often than not, testers are always under high pressure due to stringent project deadlines, being short staffed or excessive content suddenly being added with no change in project schedules.

In such cases, if you foresee that the timelines may get hampered, discuss with the management and have the scope accordingly modified.

#2) It’s very important to keep the communication lines always open with the testers in such cases. Discuss with the testers the current situation and indicate how these changes happen and get translated top-down.

#3) There will always be defects, technical issues, and queries that need to be resolved that would have a direct impact on the project status. Always try to diminish the gap between the development and test teams so that issues related to defects or other technical queries are sorted quickly.

Instill within each tester a sense of ownership, so that they are in a confident position to drive and lead discussions to resolve technical queries or issues with the management or developers at any given point.

#4) Schedules always have a good chance of going haywire, so don’t set expectations for the management from the test team of always being able to stretch themselves.

“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy” probably is a proverb most ideally suited to a test team as they are at a high risk of eventual burnout. Always have backups identified, so people can take some time off when they feel like they want a break.

#5) Regular interlocks with the test team and management is essential to have the tasks and status of them in control. We’ll cover them more in detail in the next bullet.

Management often reacts with raised eyebrows when the actual status is communicated to them. Here are some tips on how to get those eyebrows down to a reasonable degree.

#1) Testers deal with a lot of instability while testing and many times it happens that multiple people ask them for progress at different levels . They find it exhaustive and overhead to perform these administrative tasks. While it is important to have them notify about their progress, you have to figure out a less cumbersome way to their progress.

#2) Have regular checkpoint/ scrum meetings with the test team and analyze if things are going smoothly. Interlock with them to see how far they have come, what is in progress, what needs to be done, and what is holding them back. If someone is feeling overburdened, take action to do some re-balancing to ensure smooth execution.

#3) Have regular meetings with the management and make them realize that the lead is the point of contact for any questions related to the status and individual testers can be asked to pitch in only when required.

Try and showcase the test team as much as possible, apart from communicating the status. When a tester reports a critical issue, make sure to recognize and highlight their efforts in front of a bigger crowd. This will motivate everyone to raise their bar.

#4) Needless to even mention that the most accurate and transparent manner of reporting status is to have tools identified for test management/reporting.

There are comprehensive tools available that help in the entire test planning – like MS Project

This tool helps in defining a project in phases, the gist of tasks required, with a breakdown of the major and minor tasks allocated to each of those phases, effort estimations, identification of dependencies between tasks, and assignment of resources. In this way, this helps with efficient tracking and management of a project.

Further Reading => Best Test Management/Reporting tools

While we can discuss each stage of the planning process at length, this document will help testers understand how their role aligns with the overall process. This was our attempt to bring out very specific test planning elements; which influence the test teams daily to perform their jobs effectively.

I hope this article can help you understand project planning better. Spending time planning can really help us reach project goals.

About the author:  This is a guest article by Sneha Nadig. She is a Test Lead with over 8 years of experience in manual and automation testing projects.

Want to share more specific tips for managing test projects effectively? Let us know in the comments section below. We would love to hear from you.

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17 thoughts on “How to Plan and Manage Testing Projects Effectively (Tips)”

Hi Sneha, Thanks for sharing such an informative post. However, I would like to know how we can make the right estimate for test effort and team required for testing. Sometimes the estimate can go wrong, so if there is any advice you can give me by which I can accurately manage my resources well.

Testing team has automated testing process at start of project. During course of project many requirements have changed. what would testing team do in such cases?

Amazing write-up! Really useful thank you so much. Keep Sharing!

One thing more, project planning and test plan is one thing?

John. Your test plan in agile should be the result of a group discussion, it could be an email or a few pages in word or PowerPoint.

Either way it just needs to be enough to confirm the overall approach, ie will it be one small scrum team or will there be 2-3 small scrum teams working in parallel?

In scrum you will have planning and retrospective meetings every sprint hence why you don’t need too much detail up front as it will change.

Keep it simple. Think back to the front page of the agile manifesto and the key values and then think about the 12 principles.

Nice info, I’m impressed by your blog. Absolutely amazing work. Keep Sharing!

do you know any good free tool for resource management?

I would like to know how to develop a test plan for a project in agile methodologies (Scrum).

A complete test plan has the same sort of information as any other good plan. It defines what will be done and what will not. It estimates resources that will be required and lists a schedule of activities. It establishes a basis for managing the testing activities, reporting status,and mitigating testing risks

Great post, and lot of good information. I’m focusing currently on test objectives, not only test objectives for testing as whole, but test objectives for smaller very specific elements. Would appreciate your view

Would also be interested to read your blog post about test objectives alone.

Can you tell me how do IT company do project planning? What is the role of tester in it? Do they used any tool for that or it is just an MS excel file?

Can u please share any excel sheet with these details

Thanks for sharing this information. Really helpful for testers. Keep up the good work. Cheers Mayur

In order to track it you can create a separate task\sub-task for testing, or assign dev task to tester when it ready for test

How to identify which tester is worked on which task of sprint board in jira tool?

@Shilpa There are many good tools like ProjectLibre projectlibre.org, openproject.org, redmine.org and below tools if you have 10 or less resources to manage ganttic.com, ganttproject.biz and producteev.com

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6 Usability Testing Examples & Case Studies

Interested in analyzing real-world examples of successful usability tests?

In this article, we’ll be examining six examples of usability testing being conducted with substantial results.

Conducting usability testing takes only seven simple steps and does not have to require a massive budget. Yet it can achieve remarkable results for companies across all industries.

If you’re someone who cannot be convinced by theory alone, this is the guide for you. These are tried-and-tested case studies from well-known companies that showcase the true power of a successful usability test.

Here are the usability testing examples and case studies we’ll be covering in this article:

• McDonald’s
• AutoTrader.com
• Halo: Combat Evolved

Example #1: Ryanair

Ryanair is one of the world’s largest airline groups, carrying 152 million passengers each year. In 2014, the company launched Ryanair Labs, a digital innovation hub seeking to “reinvent online traveling”. To make this dream a reality, they went on a recruiting spree that resulted in a team of 200+ members. This team included user experience specialists, data analysts, software developers, and digital marketers – all working towards a common goal of improving the user experience of the Ryanair website.

What made matters more complicated, however, is that Ryanair’s website and app together received 1 billion visits per year. Working with a website this large, combined with the paper-thin profit margins of around 5% for the airline industry, Ryanair had no room for errors. To make matters even more stressful, one of the first missions for the new team included launching an entirely new website with a superior user experience.

To give you a visual idea of what they were up against, take a look at their old website design:

Not great, not terrible. But the website undoubtedly needed a redesign for the 21st century.

This is what the Ryanair team set out to accomplish:

• Reducing the number of steps needed to book a flight on the website;
• Allowing customers to store their travel documents and payment cards on the website;
• Delivering a better mobile device user experience for both the website and app.

With these goals in mind, they chose remote and unmoderated usability testing types for their user tests. This by itself was a change for the team, as the Ryanair team had relied on in-lab, face-to-face testing until that point. 

By collaborating with the UX agency UserZoom , however, new opportunities opened up for Ryanair. With UzerZoom’s massive roster of user testers, Ryanair could access large amounts of qualitative and quantitative usability data. Data that they badly needed during the design process of the new website.

By going with remote unmoderated usability testing, the Ryanair team managed to:

• Reduce the time spent on usability testing;
• Conduct simultaneous usability tests with hundreds of users and without geographical barriers;
• Increase the overall reach and scale of the tests;
• Carry out tests across many devices, operating systems, and multiple focus groups.

With continuous user testing, the new website was taken through alpha and beta testing in 2015. The end result of all work this was the vastly improved look, functionality, and user experience of the new website:

Even before launch, Ryanair knew that the new website was superior. Usability tests had shown that to be the case and they had no need to rely on “educated guesses”. This usability testing example demonstrates that a well-executed testing plan can give remarkable results.

Source:   Ryanair case study  by UserZoom

Example #2: McDonald’s

McDonald’s is one of the world’s largest fast-food restaurant chains, with a staggering 62 million daily customers . Yet, McDonald’s was late to embrace the mobile revolution as their smartphone app launched rather recently – in August 2015. In comparison, Starbucks’ smartphone app was already a booming success and accounted for 20% of its’ overall revenue in 2015.

Considering the competition, McDonald’s had some catching up to do. Before the launch of their app in the UK, they decided to hire UK-based  SimpleUsability  to identify any usability problems before release. The test plan involved conducting 20 usability tests, where the task scenarios covered the entire customer journey from end-to-end. In addition to that, the test plan included 225 end-user interviews.

Not exactly a large-scale usability study considering the massive size of McDonald’s, but it turned out to be valuable nonetheless. A number of usability issues were detected during the study:

• Poor visibility and interactivity of the call-to-action buttons;
• Communication problems between restaurants and the smartphone app;
• Lack of order customization and favoriting impaired the overall user experience.

Here’s what the McDonald’s mobile app looks like today:

This case study demonstrates that investing even a tiny percentage of a company’s resources into usability testing can result in meaningful insights.

Source:   McDonald’s case study  by SimpleUsability

Example #3: SoundCloud

SoundCloud is the world’s largest music and audio distribution platform, with over 175 million unique monthly listeners . In 2019, SoundCloud hired test IO , a Berlin-based usability testing agency, to conduct continuous usability testing for the SoundCloud mobile app. With SoundCloud’s rigorous development schedule, the company needed regular human user testers to make sure that all new updates work across all devices and OS versions.

The key research objectives for SoundCloud’s regular usability studies were to:

• Provide a user-friendly listening experience for mobile app users;
• Identify and fix software bugs before wide release;
• Improve the mobile app development cycle.

In the very first usability tests, more than 150 usability issues (including 11 critical issues) were discovered. These issues likely wouldn’t have been discovered through internal bug testing. That is because the user testers experimented on the app from a plethora of devices and geographical locations (144 devices and 22 countries). Without remote usability testing, a testing scale as large as this would have been very difficult and expensive to achieve.

Today, SoundCloud’s mobile app looks like this:

This case study demonstrates the power of regular usability testing in products with frequent updates. 

Source:   SoundCloud case study (.pdf)  by test IO

Example #4: AutoTrader.com

AutoTrader.com is one of the world’s largest online marketplaces for buying and selling used cars, with over 28 million monthly visitors . The mission of AutoTrader’s website is to empower car shoppers in the researching process by giving them all the tools necessary to make informed decisions about vehicle purchases.

Sounds fantastic.

However, with competitors such as CarGurus gaining increasing amounts of market share in the online car shopping industry, AutoTrader had to do reinvent itself to stay competitive. 

In e-commerce, competitors with a superior website can gain massive followings in an instant. Fifty years ago this was not the case – well-established car marketplaces had massive car parks all over the country, and a newcomer would have little in ways to compete.

Nowadays, however, it’s all about user experience. Digital shoppers will flock to whichever site offers a better user experience. Websites unwilling or unable to improve their user experience over time will get left in the dust. No matter how big or small they are.

Going back to AutoTrader, the majority of its website traffic comes from organic Google search, meaning that in addition to website usability, search engine optimization (SEO) is a major priority for the company. According to John Muller from Google, changing the layout of a website can affect rankings , and that is why AutoTrader had to be careful with making any large-scale changes to their website.

AutoTrader did not have a large team of user researchers nor a massive budget dedicated to usability testing. But they did have Bradley Miller – Senior User Experience Researcher at the company. To test the usability of AutoTrader, Miller decided to partner with UserTesting.com to conduct live user interviews with AutoTrader users.

Through these live user interviews, Miller was able to:

• Find and connect with target personas;
• Communicate with car buyers from across the country;
• Reduce the costs of conducting usability tests while increasing the insights gained.

From these remote usability live interviews, Miller learned that the customer journey almost always begins from a single source: search engines. Here, it’s important to note that search engines rarely direct users to the homepage. Instead, they drive traffic to the inner pages of websites. In the case of AutoTrader, for example, only around 20% of search engine traffic goes to the homepage (data from SEMrush ).

These insights helped AutoTrader redesign their inner pages to better match the customer journey. They no longer assumed that any inner page visitor already has a greater contextual knowledge of the website. Instead, they started to treat each page as if it’s the initial point of entry by providing more contextual information right then and there inside the inner page.

This usability testing example demonstrates not only the power of user interviews but also the importance of understanding your customer journey and SEO.

Source: AutoTrader case study  by UserTesting.com

Example #5: Udemy

Udemy is one of the world’s largest online learning platforms with over  40 million students across the world. The e-learning giant also has a massively popular smartphone app, and the usability testing example in question was aimed at the smartphone users of Udemy.

To find out when, where, and why Udemy users chose to opt for the mobile app rather than the desktop version, Udemy conducted user tests. As Udemy is a 100% digital company, they chose fully remote unmoderated user testing as their testing method. 

Test participants were asked to take small videos showing where they were located and what tasks they were focused on at the time of learning and recording. 

What the user researchers found was that their initial theory of “users prefer using the mobile app while on the go” was false. Instead, what they found was that the majority of mobile app users were stationary. Udemy users, for various reasons, used the mobile app at home on the couch, or in a cafeteria. The key findings of this user test were utilized for the next year’s product and feature development.

This is what Udemy’s mobile app looks like today:

This usability testing case study demonstrates that a company’s perception of target audience behavior does not always match the behavior of the real end-users. And, that is why user testing is crucial.

Source:   Udemy case study  by UserTesting.com

Example #6: Halo: Combat Evolved

“Halo: Combat Evolved” was the first video game in the massively popular Halo franchise. It was developed by Bungie and published by Microsoft Game Studios in 2001. Within 10 years after its’ release, the Halo games sold more than 46 million copies worldwide and generated Microsoft more than $5 billion in video game and hardware sales. Owing it all to the usability test we’re about to discuss may be a bit of stretch, but usability testing the game during development was undeniably one of the factors that helped the franchise take off like a rocket.

In this usability study, the Halo team gathered a focus group of console gamers to try out their game’s prototype to see if they had fun playing the game. And, if they did not have fun – they wanted to find out what prevented them from doing so. 

In the usability sessions, the researchers placed test subjects (players) in a large outdoor environment with enemies waiting for them across the open space.

The designers of the game expected the players to sprint closer towards the enemies, sparking a massive battle full of action and excitement. But, the test participants had a different plan in mind. Instead of putting themselves in danger by springing closer, they would stay at a maximum distance from the enemies and shoot from far across the outdoor space. While this was a safe and effective strategy, it proved to be rather uneventful and boring for the players.

To entice players to enjoy combat up close, the user researchers decided that changes would have to be made. Their solution – changing the size and color of the aiming indicator in the center of the screen to notify players when they were too far away from enemies. 

Here, you can see the finalized aiming indicator in action:

Subsequent usability tests proved these changes to be effective, as the majority of user testers now engaged in combat from a closer distance.

User testing is not restricted to any particular industry, OS, or platform. Testing user experience is an invaluable tool for any product – not just for websites or mobile apps. 

This example of usability testing from the video game industry shows that players (users) will optimize the fun out of a game if given the chance. It’s up to the designers to bring the fun back through well-designed game mechanics and notifications.

Source:  “ Designing for Fun – User-Testing Case Studies ” by Randy J. Pagulayan

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Case study in testing strategy

• 2 contributors

Testing is a vital part of any Dynamics 365 project. You need to test your solution to make sure it meets your requirements, works as expected, and doesn't cause any problems. Testing also helps you prepare your users, processes, and data for the new solution. But testing can be challenging and time-consuming—and easy to overlook or postpone.

To show you why testing is so important, we've chosen a true story that could have been titled The right environment for the right test: A missed opportunity .

A manufacturing company that makes recreational vehicles was implementing Dynamics 365 Supply Chain Management. It had created a testing strategy that included four testing cycles, including user acceptance testing.

The team had included most of the common test types except performance testing . They thought that performance testing wasn't necessary for the first rollout, since they were only implementing the manufacturing business unit with few extensions. They planned to add the servicing business, the warranty management, and other operations in the next rollouts. For now, they were using a partner solution for servicing, and their dealership network used it to order parts and honor warranties.

The first testing cycle went smoothly. The team tested the first wave of the solution without any integrations, and they were satisfied with the performance.

Second round of tests

For the second wave of testing, the team introduced some of the integrations as part of the scope for the test cycle. However, they used made-up data and a small amount of migrated data to emulate the integrations. The integrations worked well for testing purposes, and the data volume was low.

Third round of tests

For the third testing cycle, things looked great. The team was ready to do a more comprehensive end-to-end test with real integrations and real data migration.

But then they ran into major problems. They were testing with a larger number of users and integrations and with the data volume they expected for production. The solution couldn't handle the load. It slowed down significantly. The team blamed the cloud infrastructure for the test environment not performing well. This outcome raised concerns among the business stakeholders.

The team decided to proceed with user acceptance testing. They thought that since the production environment would have higher specifications, the performance issues would disappear. The organization signed off and prepared to go live.

The first day of the go-live was normal, and everything worked fine. The implementation team decided to switch on the integrations for the servicing solution on the second day.

Performance dropped dramatically. Users couldn't transact in Dynamics 365, service departments from the dealerships couldn't connect effectively, shipments started to slow down, and the shop floor had trouble moving inventory to production.

The implementation team provided urgent support. They quickly found out that the integration was creating a bottleneck by making frequent OData calls to check inventory, create sales orders, and invoice while connected to the dealership partners using the servicing solution. They stopped the integration and things went back to normal. It was clear that the integration was the culprit.

Finding the right solution

The team found a solution after troubleshooting, but it required a change to the integration design pattern and fast action to fix it and keep operating. The team worked hard for days to keep things working during this painful first week, which affected the organization's perception of the solution.

In hindsight, they realized that they should have validated the designs for integrations with real data volumes earlier. They also realized that testing in production for the first time with real volumes was a bad idea. They had less time and more risk to make any fixes while running live operations. They had assumed that their solution was almost standard and would perform well, but they had overlooked the unique challenge of their integrations.

For the next phases, the organization included performance testing in a dedicated environment to stress test the solution. They executed these tests earlier, with more scenarios and UAT that included parallel processing of people testing and integrations running. They were able to have a second go-live to include the company's accessories manufacturing business, and it was much easier.

The organization learned the hard way that it's never too early to start testing according to the project needs. The later the testing, the bigger the risk.

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How to prepare test case report for a Project?

Test Planning: Like any project, the testing also should be driven by a plan. The test plan generates the report for the execution and tracking of the entire testing project.

Preparing the test plan

• What needs to be the tested-the scope of testing, including clear identification of what will be the tested & what will not be tested.
• How the testing is going to be performed – breaking down the testing into small and manageable tasks and identifying the strategies to be used for carrying out the tasks.
• Resource needed for testing
• The timelines by which the testing activities will be performed.
• Risks that may be faced in all of the above, with appropriate mitigation and contingency plans.

Test Case Specification:

• Using the test plan as the basis, the testing team design test case specification which then becomes the basis for preparing for individual test cases.
• A test case is nothing but a series of step executed on a product, using a predefined set of input data, expected to produce a pre-defined set of outputs, in a given environment.
• It describes “how” to implement those test cases
• Test case specifications are useful as it enlists the specification details of the items.

Details of each Specification:

Note: As it can be seen that, Status for Viginere cipher is FAIL because Expected Result is not equal to Actual Result

This test report can give the clear picture to the Manager/Stakeholders/Customer about the product and can check the quality of the project.

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Case study template

[Customer Project] Case Study

Describe the customer and business requirements with the explicit problem statement.

System Under Test (SUT)

Include the system's conceptual architecture and highlight the architecture components that were included in the E2E testing.

Problems and Limitations

Describe about the problems of the overall SUT solution that prevented from testing specific (or any) part of the solution. Describe limitation of the testing tools and framework(s) used in this implementation

E2E Testing Framework and Tools

Describe what testing framework and/or tools were used to implement E2E testing in the SUT.

Describe the E2E test cases were created to E2E test the SUT

Test Metrics

Describe any architecture solution were used to monitor, observe and track the various service states that were used as the E2E testing metrics. Also, include the list of test cases were build to measure the progress of E2E testing.

E2E Testing Architecture

Describe any testing architecture were built to run E2E testing.

E2E Testing Implementation (Code Samples)

Include sample test cases and their implementation in the programming language of choice. Include any common reusable code implementation blocks that could be leveraged in the future project's E2E testing implementation.

E2E Testing Reporting and Results

Include sample of E2E testing reports and results obtained from the E2E testing runs in this project.

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Top 10 Software Testing Case Study PowerPoint Presentation Templates in 2024

Introducing our comprehensive Software Testing Case Study PowerPoint presentation, designed to elevate your understanding of software quality assurance through real-world examples and in-depth analysis. This fully editable and customizable template allows you to tailor the content to your specific audience, ensuring that your message resonates effectively. The case study covers various testing methodologies, including manual testing, automated testing, and performance testing, showcasing practical applications and outcomes in diverse scenarios.Use cases for this presentation are abundant. It serves as an invaluable resource for software development teams looking to enhance their testing processes, project managers aiming to communicate testing strategies to stakeholders, and educators teaching software engineering principles. The presentation can be utilized in workshops, training sessions, or client meetings to illustrate the importance of rigorous testing and its impact on software reliability. By incorporating real-life case studies, you can demonstrate the challenges faced during testing phases and the solutions implemented to overcome them. With this PowerPoint, you not only present information but also foster discussions that can lead to innovative testing practices, making it an essential tool for anyone involved in software development and quality assurance. Transform your approach to software testing with our engaging and informative case study presentation!

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Airbus sees no RISE surprises after early testing, as study highlights installation challenges

Airbus has hailed the success of an initial round of windtunnel testing using a scaled version of CFM International’s RISE open-rotor engine mounted to a section of wing as part of early aircraft integration studies.

Taking place earlier this year at a facility in Modane in eastern France operated by the country’s ONERA aerospace research centre, the evaluations with the airframer were part of a broader 200h windtunnel programme designed to assess the aerodynamic and acoustic performance of an open-rotor engine.

Source: Safran

Tests were carried out at ONERA windtunnel facilty in eastern France

Airbus says the trials allowed it to “gather high-speed aerodynamic data” – representative of cruise conditions – to “calibrate numerical tools and assess the installation effects on fan performance”.

“The results are very promising, either spot on or exceeding our predictions,” says Frank Haselbach, Airbus head of propulsion engineering.

Airbus has previously announced plans to flight test the RISE engine aboard its A380 flying testbed in the second half of the decade.

Both the open-rotor engine – a Safran design it calls the Ecoengine – and the wing section were at one-fifth scale for the tests.

Haselbach says the windtunnel programme will “evolve” over the next two years, culminating with the engine installed on a full aircraft model.

Tests will be carried out at both the ONERA facility and windtunnels run by DNW – a joint venture between the DLR and NLR, respectively the German and Dutch aerospace research councils.

Although an open-rotor engine promises what Haselbach calls a “massive step in propulsive efficiency”, it also presents significant integration hurdles.

Haselbach, speaking in a CFM-produced video this summer, points to “challenges” including internal and external noise and vibration, and protecting against fan-blade release.

“It is a step-change for the aviation industry to integrate such a motor into a potential new product,” he says, noting that “the aerodynamics of the wing will be challenged a bit by this”.

A recent study by the DLR bears out those concerns. Using a “generic” open-rotor design provided by CFM partner company Safran and a notional Airbus airframe – with a low-wing, high-aspect-ratio configuration – researchers conducted numerical analysis of the simulated installation impact of an open-rotor engine in take-off conditions, assuming an angle-of-attack of around 7°.

The study, conducted as part of the EU’s Clean Sky 2 programme and presented at the AAIA Aviation Forum in July, says “notable angle-of-attack and installation effects were found to effect the aerodynamic performance of both the propulsion system and the airframe”.

These include degraded performance of the swirl recovery vanes (SRVs) – the stator stage aft of the fan – and the generation of “substantial in-plane forces”, also known as 1P-loads, by the rotor and stator, which induce a tendency to make the aircraft roll.

Additionally, the direction of rotor rotation was found to have another impact: affecting the magnitude of the rolling moment caused by the interaction between the propulsor slipstream and the wing and flap.

A rotor spinning with its blades on a downward path when closest to the fuselage was found to create a larger rotational moment, the study found.

“In the interest of ensuring good overall aircraft handling qualities, as well as to avoid the need to trim out the rolling moment these in-plane loads cause, an aerodynamically symmetric aircraft would clearly be preferable, which would mean engines with an opposing sense of rotor rotation on the left and right wing,” the study says.

However, the requirement for the engines to be ‘handed’ – rotating in opposite directions – would have to be weighed against the “likely increased costs this would incur” through the need for direction-specific components such as gearboxes and blades “and the associated spare part and propulsion system maintenance impact”.

Additionally, the study notes certain “unique aerodynamic phenomena” from the interaction of the propulsor slipstream on the wing and flap. In particular, the tip vortices from the swirl recovery vanes offer the potential to “improve low-speed, high-lift performance of the wing and the flap”.

Safran is also leading a research and technology project into an open-fan engine through the EU-backed Clean Aviation programme, a successor to Clean Sky 2.

Called OFELIA – open-fan for environmental low impact of aviation – the objective of the €140 million ($154 million) project is to bring the open-fan architecture to a high technology readiness level by 2025.

This includes a full-scale demonstration of the engine by the end of the project in December 2025 and to “deliver a flightworthy propulsive system definition and prepare an in-flight demonstration” for the second phase of Clean Aviation from 2026 onwards, according to project documents.

“The project will also optimise the engine installation with the airframer and address certification, in close collaboration with airworthiness authorities, taking advantage of the permit-to-fly activity,” it says.

While led by Safran, the OFELIA consortium also includes several European subsidiaries of its CFM partner GE Aerospace, plus Airbus, among others.

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