what can you do with a phd in theoretical physics

• Science and Math Textbooks
• STEM Educators and Teaching
• STEM Academic Advising
• STEM Career Guidance

Follow along with the video below to see how to install our site as a web app on your home screen.

Note: This feature may not be available in some browsers.

• Science Education and Careers

What Can You Do After a PhD in Theoretical Physics?

• Thread starter Silviu
• Start date Aug 28, 2017
• Aug 28, 2017

A PF Molecule

• Using machine learning to speed up simulations of irregularly shaped particles
• Sound drives 'quantum jumps' between electron orbits
• Study proposes generalized approach to light-matter interactions

In most cases, the objective would be to either get a job or make a job. In either case, where ever the income is coming from, that's where the guidance comes as well. Is your situation different?  

.Scott said: In most cases, the objective would be to either get a job or make a job. In either case, where ever the income is coming from, that's where the guidance comes as well. Is your situation different?

Aren't you still going get your funding through DARPA or NIST or something like that? Or are you entirely self-funded?  

.Scott said: Aren't you still going get your funding through DARPA or NIST or something like that? Or are you entirely self-funded?

Ahhh, still 6 years to go. Then you have 6 years to find your answer. Don't worry, there will still be plenty of things to discover then. Perhaps the most important part of your next 6 years of education will be an answer to this question of yours.  

• Aug 29, 2017

.Scott said: Ahhh, still 6 years to go. Then you have 6 years to find your answer. Don't worry, there will still be plenty of things to discover then. Perhaps the most important part of your next 6 years of education will be an answer to this question of yours.

A PF Electron

I understand your question as asking what you study during a PhD. For a PhD you normally are learning about a field while at the same time developing new pieces of it. For example, I am in theoretical condensed matter and am working generally on topology, but my specific research is on areas of the field which are new and not understood. So to your question, you would (normally) take a field in which something is known, learn that field thoroughly, and then contribute something original to it to push it a little further.  

Related to What Can You Do After a PhD in Theoretical Physics?

1. what kind of jobs can i get after completing a phd in theoretical physics.

After completing a PhD in theoretical physics, there are various career options available. Some common job roles include research scientist, data scientist, engineer, professor, and consultant. You can also work in industries such as aerospace, defense, technology, and energy.

2. Can I work in a different field with a PhD in theoretical physics?

Yes, a PhD in theoretical physics equips you with strong analytical and problem-solving skills that are highly valued in many industries. You can work in fields such as finance, healthcare, and computer science, among others.

3. Do I need to have a strong background in mathematics to pursue a PhD in theoretical physics?

Yes, a strong foundation in mathematics is essential for pursuing a PhD in theoretical physics. You will need to have a deep understanding of calculus, linear algebra, and differential equations, among other mathematical concepts.

4. How long does it take to complete a PhD in theoretical physics?

On average, it takes about 5-6 years to complete a PhD in theoretical physics. This may vary depending on your research topic, program requirements, and your own progress. Some students may take longer, while others may finish in less time.

5. What skills will I develop during a PhD in theoretical physics?

During a PhD in theoretical physics, you will develop strong analytical, problem-solving, and critical thinking skills. You will also learn how to design and conduct experiments, analyze data, and communicate complex ideas effectively. Additionally, you will gain expertise in mathematical modeling and programming languages such as Python or MATLAB.

Similar threads

• Jan 16, 2022
• Apr 1, 2021
• May 28, 2024
• Apr 7, 2024
• Dec 20, 2023
• Dec 3, 2023
• Jul 25, 2024
• Jan 18, 2024
• Aug 30, 2018
• Mar 29, 2024

Hot Threads

• Schools   Which University should I go to for my undergrad in physics?
• Other   What's the point of a thesis?
• Programs   Help me decide: physics or chemistry?
• Courses   Should I withdraw from a class?
• 2nd BSc or MSc in physics for physics-PhD in top program in USA

Recent Insights

• Insights   Brownian Motions and Quantifying Randomness in Physical Systems
• Insights   PBS Video Comment: “What If Physics IS NOT Describing Reality”
• Insights   Aspects Behind the Concept of Dimension in Various Fields
• Insights   Views On Complex Numbers
• Insights   Addition of Velocities (Velocity Composition) in Special Relativity
• Insights   Schrödinger’s Cat and the Qbit

Stack Exchange Network

Stack Exchange network consists of 183 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow , the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers.

Q&A for work

Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search.

PhD in theoretical physics: good or bad for engineering jobs?

I'm a student who is currently undertaking a Master of Physics (coursework & research) at the University of Western Australia. I have also previously completed two Bachelor's degrees: one in physics and one in electrical engineering (with honours). Next year, I am hoping to start a PhD in high-energy physics (HEP) somewhere in Australia, doing a highly theoretical topic (such as supersymmetry, string theory, etc.) with the long term goal of following an academic path in this area of research.

From my understanding though, it is VERY hard finding academic jobs relevant to this particular field. I've heard through the grapevine that you have more chance of becoming a professional athlete than becoming a professor in theoretical HEP which is honestly quite dejecting.

However, understanding physics beyond the standard model is undoubtedly my passion so I would really like to pursue a PhD in it to determine whether or not it can become more than just a hobby. I've heard of theoretical HEP PhD's going into finance, etc. when finding an academic position proved fruitless, but if I'm being honest, that doesn't sound all that appealing to me. If the academic path didn't work out, I have always had a super keen interest in areas such as signal processing, control theory and data analysis.  Which leads me to my main question:

In case I can't find an academic position in theoretical HEP, do you think my EE degree and MPhys (both of which involved experimental research projects highly focused on signal processing and data analysis) would be sufficient credentials to land a job in engineering/signal processing/data analysis? Or perhaps if I'm lucky, even some area of industry research (if so, what areas)?

Further, do you think having a PhD in theoretical HEP, in addition to my other credentials, would be a benefit or a hindrance in securing these types of jobs?

Some potentially relevant information:

I have 3 months of work experience at an electrical engineering company

My EE research project involved analyzing audio signals using a DSP to achieve desired acoustic properties

My MPhys research project is about detecting gravitational waves which involves heavy signal processing and manipulating large sets of data (100GB+) using python

By the end of this year my MPhys research should produce at least 1 or 2 papers in the Physical Review Letters journal

• electrical-engineering

• Note: I originally posted this in the electrical engineering stackexchange but was instructed to post it here instead since it was apparently off topic. –  Scott Commented Apr 30, 2018 at 21:10
• If you have 2 PRL papers befor you even start your PhD I'd say you have a better chance of making it in academia than most. –  astronat supports the strike Commented Apr 30, 2018 at 21:40
• 1 If you have a PhD in physics, it will be very easy for you to find a job in industry. It may be quite hard for you to find a job you like, or specifically one that you find engaging and challenging, but I don't think you'll have any problems getting an engineering job in some sort of signal processing or data analysis area. I don't think you'll find anything comparable in scope or ambition to theoretical HEP research in industry, but you could easily get a job as some sort of industry research scientist, data scientist, etc. if you want. –  anomaly Commented Aug 3, 2018 at 21:30
• You might do well to check with folks in industry for their opinions in addition to academics. I'm guessing from your description a government lab might be a better fit for you. –  A rural reader Commented Oct 5, 2021 at 4:36

2 Answers 2

I would say that strongly depends on what you do in the HEP PhD.

If it is more like pen and paper theory I would say this is not very interesting for industry. Perhaps even in the contrary as you might seem too "academic". Pen and paper theory jobs do not really exist in industry.

It is more the big data processing and computer simulation related skills what is relevant. The tools (python and methods) you use in your MPhys research sounds exactly what some companies are also using internally.

Industry considers hiring people from adjacent fields, when demand is much higher than the supply for certain jobs. Currently I see that this is the case for "data scientists". So I would say now your chances are good to find a job there as many companies are now exploring big data applications. They are scared by the success of Google, Facebook, etc.. and do not want them to take over an important part of their business. So many are investing here. Industry also has these jobs so it is not just finance. It is very diverse. One gains some feeling for it when one looks at current job offers (which is what I did, so I have no deeper experience than that). However, you have to keep in mind that the situation may be different is in a few years when you might have to give up your academic career (hopefully not).

A PhD is liked for certain types of jobs even in industry. As the PhD is teaching more a generic mindset (-> how to work scientifically,/thoroughly, know how to tackle big, unsolved problems) this is considered useful in some industrial jobs. Appropriate job descriptions would perhaps have names with "scientist" in it, like "data scientist", "research scientist" and so, not so much the "engineer" type of jobs. Sometimes PhDs are also found in sales/marketing, when a product needs deep explanation, training (and the customers are themselves PhDs) or must be customized to the users needs (and this is not straightforward).

Note: Even though I have worked in the US, I a most familiar with the German system. Nevertheless I hope the answer helps somehow.

You can probably do OK, but it is likely a diversion from just going into the specific engineering field.

You must log in to answer this question.

Not the answer you're looking for browse other questions tagged phd job-search industry physics electrical-engineering ..

• Featured on Meta
• Bringing clarity to status tag usage on meta sites
• We've made changes to our Terms of Service & Privacy Policy - July 2024
• Announcing a change to the data-dump process

Hot Network Questions

• Resonance structure of aromatic [S4N4]2+
• How could Bangladesh protect itself from Indian dams and barrages?
• How does one go about writing papers as a nobody?
• Where did Geordi's eyes go?
• Why does a 240V dryer heating element have 3+1 terminals?
• Does a MySQL replication slave need to be as powerful as the master?
• How is the grammar of this sentence explained?
• Stealth Mosquitoes?
• Is it possible to do physics without mathematics?
• How do you hide an investigation of alien ruins on the moon during Apollo 11?
• My enemy sent me this puzzle!
• What's the proper way to shut down after a kernel panic?
• Please help me to identify specific house plant
• Why did General Leslie Groves evade Robert Oppenheimer's question here?
• Meaning of て form here: 「あなたどう思って？」と聞いた。
• Immutability across programming languages
• High CPU usage by process with obfuscated name on Linux server – Potential attack?
• Seth and Cain take turns picking numbers from 1 to 50. Who wins?
• Electric skateboard: helmet replacement
• Lucas number multiples of Fibonacci pairs
• If physics can be reduced to mathematics (and thus to logic), does this mean that (physical) causation is ultimately reducible to implication?
• Why do National Geographic and Discovery Channel broadcast fake or pseudoscientific programs?
• Did US troops insist on segregation in British pubs?
• How can I draw water level in a cylinder like this?

Get the Reddit app

For physicists and physics students. See the rules before posting, and the subreddit wiki for common questions. Basic homework questions are not allowed.

Redditors with a Theoretical Physics PhD, what do you do for a living?

By continuing, you agree to our User Agreement and acknowledge that you understand the Privacy Policy .

Enter the 6-digit code from your authenticator app

You’ve set up two-factor authentication for this account.

Enter a 6-digit backup code

Create your username and password.

Reddit is anonymous, so your username is what you’ll go by here. Choose wisely—because once you get a name, you can’t change it.

Reset your password

Enter your email address or username and we’ll send you a link to reset your password

Check your inbox

An email with a link to reset your password was sent to the email address associated with your account

Choose a Reddit account to continue

Theoretical Physicist Career Guide

• Career guide intro
• How to become
• Career path

Similar job titles

• Trends and outlook
• Career tips
• Where the jobs are

What is a theoretical physicist?

A theoretical physicist is a scientist who utilizes mathematical models and abstraction to explain or predict natural phenomena. This profession involves creating theories or models that help us understand the complex structures of the universe, from the grand scale of cosmology to the minute world of quantum mechanics.

The value of a theoretical physicist is twofold. First, their work helps us unravel the mysteries of the universe, contributing to the vast body of academic knowledge. Second, their theories often lay the foundation for practical applications, driving advancements in technology, industry, and healthcare, thus serving both the scientific community and society as a whole.

Duties and responsibilities

The prime focus of a theoretical physicist is to conduct research, formulate hypotheses, and establish theories to explain observable phenomena. They use mathematical analyses and principles to predict physical interactions and outcomes. Their duties involve devising new mathematical tools when required, and refining or disproving old theories.

Another vital part of their role is to share their findings. This means writing research papers for submission to scientific journals, conducting peer reviews, presenting at conferences, and sometimes teaching. Despite the often solitary nature of their research, they often collaborate with other scientists, contributing to more extensive research projects or experiments.

Work environment

The work environment of a theoretical physicist is often an office or a classroom setting where they have access to various research materials and sophisticated computer systems required for advanced calculations and data modeling. They work in comfortable conditions, mostly free from physical risks or exposure to hazardous substances.

Sometimes they may work in research labs or be involved in practical experimental work. They typically work within educational institutions, research institutions, government agencies, or private firms that conduct scientific research and development. A theoretical physicist’s work requires a high concentration, accuracy, and intellectuality.

Typical work hours

Theoretical physicists typically work full-time, but their hours can vary, mainly because research does not always conform to a standard 9 to 5 schedule. There may be periods of intense work, such as when they are trying to solve a complex problem, nearing a breakthrough, or facing imminent publication deadlines.

Academic theoretical physicists who also teach may have schedules dictated partly by their teaching assignments. They might also have administrative duties. Those who are self-employed or part of non-academic research institutions may have more flexible schedules. Regardless, a career in theoretical physics usually involves dedication and long hours.

How to become a theoretical physicist

This career guide section outlines the process of becoming a theoretical physicist. We’ll guide you through the educational journey, professional experience, and necessary steps to be successful in this field.

Step 1: Obtain a high school diploma

Completing a high school education is the fundamental step toward becoming a theoretical physicist. You should focus on physics, math, chemistry, and computer science. They form the foundation for further study in the field. You may also need to take advanced courses or International Baccalaureate (IB) syllabus if available at your school.

Step 2: Obtain a bachelor’s degree in physics

Pursue a Bachelor’s degree in Physics from an accredited institution. During your undergraduate studies, you’ll dive deep into classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, and electromagnetism. Also, ensure that the university course includes a laboratory section where you will gain applicable hands-on experience.

Step 3: Gain research experience

Obtain research experience as an undergraduate through internships or working in laboratories. These opportunities will expose you to real-world scientific challenges and provide you with practical skills valued in theoretical physics. It is also beneficial in solidifying your understanding of theoretical concepts.

Step 4: Pursue a master’s degree (optional)

Although this step is optional, a Master’s degree in Physics or a related field can help you specialize in a specific subfield of theoretical physics. This degree could also increase your job prospects and earning potential.

Step 5: Obtain a Ph.D. in physics

Acquiring a Ph.D. in Physics is an essential step for anyone looking to become a theoretical physicist. Your Ph.D. studies will primarily involve conducting original research in your chosen area of specialization. This step could take anywhere between four to six years. Upon completion, you will be equipped to embark on a career in theoretical physics.

Step 6: Complete a post-doctoral fellowship

Upon completion of your Ph.D., consider undertaking a post-doctoral fellowship. This is typically a two to three-year period of additional specialized research to gain more depth in your area of interest. It helps you build a solid research profile which is advantageous when seeking permanent employment in the field.

Step 7: Apply for positions and start your career

Once your education and internship experiences are complete, you’re ready to apply for positions as a theoretical physicist. This could be in academia, government or private sector research institutions, laboratories, and even some industries such as technology and pharmaceuticals. Be prepared to demonstrate your research experiences and area of expertise.

How much do theoretical physicists make?

Theoretical physicist salaries vary by experience, industry, education, location, and organization size. The complexity of research projects, publication records, and the educational institution’s or professional organization’s prestige can significantly impact compensation.

Highest paying industries

• Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing – $131,430
• Software Publishers – $127,560
• Navigational, Measuring, Electromedical, and Control Instruments Manufacturing – $129,780
• Scientific Research and Development Services – $124,850
• Spectator Sports – $126,620

Highest paying states

• New Mexico – $138,920
• California – $137,260
• Maryland – $132,540
• Hawaii – $129,480
• Minnesota – $127,790

The average national salary for a Theoretical Physicist is:

Browse theoretical physicist salary data by market

Types of theoretical physicists

Below, we explore common career types and areas of specialization for theoretical physicists and the broad spectrum of opportunities in this field.

Astrophysicist

Specializing in the principles of physics and chemistry to explain the birth, life, and death of stars, planets, galaxies, and other objects in the universe, astrophysicists have the unique opportunity to unravel the mysteries hidden in the cosmos. They use advanced theories, methodologies, and computational models to explore how different celestial bodies interact.

Quantum physicist

Known for their studies on the behavior of matter and energy at the most fundamental levels, quantum physicists explore the world of atoms and subatomic particles. Their work often involves advanced equations and experimental ambiguity, which makes this specialization a challenging yet rewarding aspect of theoretical physics.

Particle physicist

Specializing in studying the smallest known particles, particle physicists aim to understand what the universe is made of and how these minute particles interact. They commonly use large particle accelerators to help study these interactions and contribute to our understanding of the universe’s fundamental structure.

Relativity physicist

Focusing on Einstein’s theory of relativity, physicists examine the properties of space and time. By exploring topics such as gravitational waves, black holes, and the expanding universe, these scientists make significant contributions to our comprehension of the universe’s fundamental structure.

String theorist

With work focused on one of the most promising theories in contemporary physics, string theorists propose that all particles in the universe are composed of tiny, vibrating strings of energy. This specialization requires abstract thinking and advanced mathematical skills due to the complexity of its formulations and models.

Cosmologist

These professionals study the universe as a whole, investigating its origin, growth, shape, size, and eventual fate. They work to understand the universe’s structure and history, as well as phenomena such as the Big Bang, dark matter, and dark energy. Their work builds upon and integrates multiple scientific disciplines, making this specialization both broad and interconnected.

Top skills for theoretical physicists

This section highlights the skills and traits that will lead to career success as a theoretical physicist.

Analytical thinking

Theoretical physicists need robust analytical thinking abilities to solve complex problems. This involves breaking down challenging scenarios into constituent parts and analyzing them independently to understand the complete picture.

Advanced mathematical abilities

Mathematics plays a central role in physics, often used to explain phenomena and make accurate predictions. Both calculus and algebra are routinely applied, necessitating fluency in these and other advanced areas of math.

Problem-solving skills

Problem-solving is a key aspect of this profession. From addressing theoretical complications to explaining real-world phenomena, the ability to devise solutions is a must.

Curiosity and creativity

Physics is all about discovering new aspects of the universe. As such, a natural curiosity and ability to think creatively are significant assets. These traits stimulate innovative thinking and the generation of original ideas.

Communication skills

Expressing complex theories and findings in an understandable manner is another crucial competency. This is an invaluable skill for collaboration with peers, teaching, or writing scientific papers.

Attention to detail

Detail-oriented individuals tend to excel in this field. Whether it’s dissecting complicated mathematics or formulating theories, meticulous attention to detail can make a difference in achieving accurate results.

Computer skills

A command of computer programming and the aptitude to learn new software systems is integral. These tools aid in analyzing data, running simulations, and visualizing concepts in a digestible format.

Looking for a new job?

Browse our national database of job openings and apply today

Theoretical physicist career path

As a theoretical physicist, you can expect a long and dynamic career path, branching into many exciting opportunities. With its foundations set in enhancing knowledge and the practical development of established physical laws and theories, it’s a vocation that is highly sought after and offers diverse in opportunities for progression.

Educational path

Usually, after a role within academia and substantial research experience as a theoretical physicist, you may want to advance further in this field. One of the paths involves progressing in academia, moving from earlier roles such as a postdoctoral researcher or associate professor to prominent positions like full professorship. With these positions come additional responsibilities such as mentoring younger academics, greater involvement in departmental strategy, and increased publishing expectations. The overall goal here would be to become eminent in your field and contribute significantly to the body of knowledge in theoretical physics.

Transition into industry

Another potential path for a theoretical physicist involves transitioning into an industry role. Your comprehensive understanding of complex physics principles and data handling and analysis skills could see you thrive in sectors such as finance, engineering, nuclear energy, or data science. Some physicists also use their problem-solving abilities to transition into consulting roles where they help businesses overcome complex issues. This path would be suited for those wanting to apply their knowledge in a more practical and hands-on approach, providing immediate solutions to real-world problems.

Government and research institutions

Government and research institutions also present career advancement opportunities. From roles in space and astronomy departments to national laboratories and defense departments, the options are varied. The choice to move into these sectors often allows for significant positive societal impact by utilizing your theoretical knowledge to guide decision-making at higher policy-making levels.

Entrepreneurship

Lastly, you might leverage your unique skills and insights as a theoretical physicist to forge an entrepreneurial path. It could involve developing new technology or systems based on cutting-edge physics research or starting a consulting firm that leverages your expertise to offer services to businesses and other organizations. This path is particularly suited to those with a deep understanding of physics and a willingness to take risks.

• Research Scientist
• Computer Scientist
• Data Scientist
• Mechanical Engineer

Position trends and outlook for theoretical physicists

In theoretical physics, changes and advancements happen quickly. As we move deeper into the twenty-first century, steady progress has been made in expanding knowledge of the universe’s fundamental laws. With the latest discoveries, such as dark matter and gravitational waves, it’s a vibrant time to be a part of this domain.

One of the major trends for physicists working with theories is the increasing importance of computational skills. Understanding relevant programming languages is becoming increasingly important for professionals in this field. This is due to the expansion of large-scale numerical simulations, which are a powerful tool for probing theoretical predictions.

Another trend is the growing emphasis on interdisciplinarity. Given the complexity of modern physics, it is clear that collaboration across different scientific disciplines is the key to future breakthroughs. It will likely open new avenues for research and reshape the traditional role of a physicist.

Employment projections

According to the latest U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics report, the employment of physicists, in general, is projected to grow at a rate of 8 percent through 2031, faster than the average for all occupations. While it does not provide a specific projection for theoretical physicists, the advancements in scientific research and development services are expected to drive employment growth across the profession.

Theoretical physicist career tips

Stay updated with the latest trends.

Being a theoretical physicist requires a constant understanding of the latest trends and breakthroughs in the field. Whether it’s string theory or quantum mechanics, you should regularly read relevant scientific magazines, journals, and books. Participate in scientific communities online and engage in forums, discussions, and debates to broaden your understanding and stay at the forefront of new developments.

Enhance mathematical skills

Improving your mathematical skills is key to advancing in this career. Mathematical physics is the basis of all theoretical work, so having a strong grasp of calculus, linear algebra, differential equations, and more complex mathematical areas is crucial. Consider enrolling in advanced mathematics courses or using online resources to help hone these skills.

Publish your research

Publication is a significant component of a theoretical physicist’s career. It is through sharing your findings and hypotheses that you enrich the scientific community and advances the field. Aim to contribute to reputable physics journals regularly and consider presenting your work at conferences.

Build a professional network

Building a strong professional network can open doors to research collaborations, career opportunities, and mentorship. Attend academic conferences, join professional associations, and connect with peers and experienced physicists.

• American Physical Society
• International Association of Mathematical Physics
• European Physical Society

Pursue continuous learning

Beyond formal education, a dedication to continuous learning is required, including self-study, online courses, webinars, or workshops. Theoretical physics continually evolves, so updating your knowledge and skill sets is necessary for career growth.

• Online courses on specialized topics like Quantum Mechanics or String Theory
• Workshops or seminars on newly-emerging theoretical concepts
• Reading recent papers or subscribing to academic journals in the field

Obtain relevant certifications

While primary education lays the groundwork for theoretical physics, additional professional certifications can help you specialize in specific areas and enhance your credentials. Professional physics associations or reputable educational institutions often offer these certifications.

Where the theoretical physicist jobs are

Top employers.

• California Institute of Technology
• Harvard University
• Los Alamos National Laboratory
• Quantum Xchange
• E8 Security
• Massachusetts

Top job sites

• Physics today
• Science Careers

What educational qualifications are needed to be a theoretical physicist?

Positions in this field require a Ph.D. in physics. Before starting a Ph.D., you must complete a bachelor’s degree in a related field, such as physics or mathematics. Throughout these studies, students should focus on gaining a strong foundation in the core principles of physics and mathematics and developing their analytical and problem-solving skills.

What specific skills are necessary for a theoretical physicist?

This profession necessitates strong analytical skills for comprehending and applying complex theories. It also requires excellent mathematical skills to work on calculations related to those theories. Because much of their work is theoretical, these professionals need a creative mind to develop and explore new theories.

What role does computer programming play in the work of a theoretical physicist?

In the contemporary field of theoretical physics, computer programming is important. It allows physicists to write simulations and models, test theories, and analyze data. Hence, knowing programming languages such as Python or C++ can be hugely beneficial.

What are typical work environments for this profession?

This profession mostly lends itself to research-based roles within academic institutions, government research facilities, and private companies. The distinctive work environment often involves working in a team to tackle large-scale projects. As such, the ability to effectively communicate complex ideas and collaborate with others is pivotal. Attending conferences, networking events, and meetings may also be required despite being largely an office-based role.

What type of personality traits are desirable for a theoretical physicist?

Individuals in this profession should possess intellectual curiosity, patience, and persistence. The field often involves perseverance in the face of challenging theories and problems; hence, resilience is valuable. Intellectual curiosity fuels the exploration of new theories and ideas. An ability to handle criticism constructively and keep an open mind toward alternative viewpoints is also helpful.

How important is continuing education for a theoretical physicist?

Continuing education is essential for this profession as it’s a rapidly evolving field. Postgraduate research often requires keeping up-to-date with the latest theories and concepts, which can be achieved through regular reading of industry publications, attending conferences, and participating in professional development programs.

What distinguishes theoretical physics from applied physics?

The main distinction between these two branches lies in their objectives. While theoretical physics is concerned with developing and exploring theories and mathematical models to predict or explain behaviors in the physical world, applied physics utilizes these theories to resolve practical issues and create new technologies.

What kind of research do theoretical physicists conduct?

Generally, the research of these professionals seeks to resolve problems and inconsistencies within existing theories or to develop entirely new ones. Their research can cover a wide range of subjects, including quantum mechanics, particle physics, astrophysics, string theory, and more. They typically use mathematical models to predict physical phenomena, which can then be tested experimentally.

How do theoretcial physicists communicate their research findings?

The results are typically published in scientific journals, which requires writing up a detailed account of the research process and its findings, which must be clear and concise so that other scientists can understand it. These professionals also present their findings at conferences and seminars, where they can engage in discussions and receive feedback from their peers.

Ready for a change?

Browse millions of job openings today and find your career zen!

Study at Cambridge

About the university, research at cambridge.

• Undergraduate courses
• Events and open days
• Fees and finance
• Postgraduate courses
• How to apply
• Postgraduate events
• Fees and funding
• International students
• Continuing education
• Executive and professional education
• Courses in education
• How the University and Colleges work
• Term dates and calendars
• Visiting the University
• Annual reports
• Equality and diversity
• A global university
• Public engagement
• Give to Cambridge
• For Cambridge students
• For our researchers
• Business and enterprise
• Colleges & departments
• Email & phone search
• Museums & collections
• Course Directory

PhD in Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics

Postgraduate Study

• Why Cambridge overview
• Chat with our students
• Cambridge explained overview
• The supervision system
• Student life overview
• In and around Cambridge
• Leisure activities
• Student unions
• Music awards
• Student support overview
• Mental health and wellbeing
• Disabled students
• Accommodation
• Language tuition
• Skills training
• Support for refugees
• Courses overview
• Department directory
• Qualification types
• Funded studentships
• Part-time study
• Research degrees
• Visiting students
• Finance overview
• Fees overview
• What is my fee status?
• Part-time fees
• Application fee
• Living costs
• Funding overview
• Funding search
• How to apply for funding
• University funding overview
• Research Councils (UKRI)
• External funding and loans overview
• Funding searches
• External scholarships
• Charities and the voluntary sector
• Funding for disabled students
• Widening participation in funding
• Colleges overview
• What is a College?
• Choosing a College
• Applying overview
• Before you apply
• Entry requirements
• Application deadlines
• How do I apply? overview
• Application fee overview
• Application fee waiver
• Life Science courses
• Terms and conditions
• Continuing students
• Disabled applicants
• Supporting documents overview
• Academic documents
• Finance documents
• Evidence of competence in English
• AI and postgraduate applications
• Terms and Conditions
• Applicant portal and self-service
• After you apply overview
• Confirmation of admission
• Student registry
• Previous criminal convictions
• Deferring an application
• Updating your personal details
• Appeals and Complaints
• Widening participation
• Postgraduate admissions fraud
• International overview
• Immigration overview
• ATAS overview
• Applying for an ATAS certificate
• Current Cambridge students
• International qualifications
• Competence in English overview
• What tests are accepted?
• International events
• International student views overview
• Akhila’s story
• Alex’s story
• Huijie’s story
• Kelsey’s story
• Nilesh’s story
• Get in touch!
• Events overview
• Upcoming events
• Postgraduate Open Days overview
• Discover Cambridge: Master’s and PhD Study webinars
• Virtual tour
• Research Internships
• How we use participant data
• Postgraduate Newsletter

Primary tabs

• Overview (active tab)
• Requirements
• How To Apply

This is a three to four-year research programme culminating in submission and examination of a thesis containing substantial original work. PhD students carry out their research under the guidance of a supervisor, and research projects are available from a wide range of subjects studied within the Department. Students admitted for a PhD will normally have completed preparatory study at a level comparable to the Cambridge Part III (MMath/MASt) course. A significant number of our PhD students secure post-doctoral positions at institutions around the world and become leading researchers in their fields.

Prerequisites

Many students in DAMTP are admitted after taking the Cambridge Part III (MMath/MASt) course and others will have completed a comparable Master-level course. Some may already have carried out a small-scale research project. All of our students, therefore, begin their PhD work with a good grasp of advanced material, on which they can build as their research progresses.

Research Areas

Research in DAMTP can be divided into the following broad areas: Applied and Computational Analysis, Astrophysics, Geophysics, Fluid and Solid Mechanics, Mathematical Biology, Quantum Information, Soft and Quantum Matter, High Energy Physics, and General Relativity and Cosmology. The boundaries between such areas are not rigid, however, and many members of staff will contribute to more than one area (this is regarded as a key factor in the continuing success of DAMTP). There are active seminar programmes across all subject areas, attendance at which is an important part of PhD student training.

PhD Supervision

Each PhD student in DAMTP has a supervisor who is responsible for guiding their research and monitoring their progress. Each student is admitted to work within a particular subject area, and often with a specific supervisor. Some students will work in close collaboration with their supervisor, or as part of a larger research group, while others may work more independently (with their supervisor's approval). Collaborative projects may involve other researchers or groups outside Cambridge, in the UK or worldwide.

Progress during the course

Students in DAMTP are admitted on a probationary basis in the first instance and are assessed for registration after roughly one year of work. A review of progress starts before the end of the third term of research when students are asked to submit a short report.  A more detailed appraisal and interview are conducted during the fourth term of their research.  For the fourth term assessment, two assessors are assigned to consider the academic progress of each student, including a record of their attendance at seminars and other related activities. Progress continues to be monitored throughout their PhD through regular online supervision reports.

Students are encouraged to give talks and seminars within the department, and to present their findings at conferences or meetings, once the time is right. Many students submit a prize essay at the beginning of their fifth term and the best essays each year meet the standards expected of publishable work. We regard it as particularly important that our students submit their work for publication in leading journals, as well as to web-based archives, and many will already have several papers in circulation when they come to write their thesis. Additional support and advice for students is available at any stage of their PhD through a system of designated departmental advisors, as well as from members of the DAMTP Postgraduate Education Committee.

Working Environment

DAMTP is part of the Centre for Mathematical Sciences or CMS. The site is shared with the Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics and also with the Isaac Newton Institute and the Betty and Gordon Moore Library (the main university mathematical science library). CMS provides a modern, comfortable and well-equipped working environment for PhD students, facilitating day-to-day contact with academic staff and other students.

Additional training and opportunities

All students in DAMTP can benefit from a wide variety of additional courses and training opportunities.  In addition to the wide range of lectures and seminars on offer in DAMTP and CMS, the Department actively promotes and encourages researcher development and transferable skills training (e.g. sessions on improving communication skills, organisational and leadership skills, presenting work at seminars or conferences, and applying for postdoctoral positions). Some of these workshops are coordinated with the centrally-run Researcher Development Programme which is open to all students of the University; others are run by the Faculty of Mathematics.

There is no requirement for PhD students to teach but there are plenty of opportunities to do so, such as offering problem-solving classes (college supervisions) for small groups of undergraduate students or offering help with running examples classes for Part III students.

Please note: part-time study may not always be viable and will be considered on a case-by-case basis, so please discuss this option with your proposed supervisor before making an application for this mode of study.

The Postgraduate Virtual Open Day usually takes place at the end of October. It’s a great opportunity to ask questions to admissions staff and academics, explore the Colleges virtually, and to find out more about courses, the application process and funding opportunities. Visit the  Postgraduate Open Day  page for more details.

See further the  Postgraduate Admissions Events  pages for other events relating to Postgraduate study, including study fairs, visits and international events.

Departments

This course is advertised in the following departments:

• Faculty of Mathematics
• Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics

Key Information

3-4 years full-time, 4-7 years part-time, study mode : research, doctor of philosophy, department of applied mathematics and theoretical physics this course is advertised in multiple departments. please see the overview tab for more details., course - related enquiries, application - related enquiries, course on department website, dates and deadlines:, lent 2024 (closed).

Some courses can close early. See the Deadlines page for guidance on when to apply.

Easter 2024 (Closed)

Michaelmas 2024 (closed), easter 2025, funding deadlines.

These deadlines apply to applications for courses starting in Michaelmas 2024, Lent 2025 and Easter 2025.

Similar Courses

• Mathematics MPhil
• Mathematics (Mathematical Statistics) MASt
• Mathematics (Pure Mathematics) MASt
• Mathematics (Applied Mathematics) MASt
• Mathematics (Theoretical Physics) MASt

Postgraduate Admissions Office

• Admissions Statistics
• Start an Application
• Applicant Self-Service

At a glance

• Bringing a family
• Current Postgraduates
• Cambridge Students' Union (SU)

University Policy and Guidelines

Privacy Policy

Information compliance

Equality and Diversity

Terms of Study

About this site

About our website

Privacy policy

© 2024 University of Cambridge

• Contact the University
• Accessibility
• Freedom of information
• Privacy policy and cookies
• Statement on Modern Slavery
• University A-Z
• Undergraduate
• Postgraduate
• Research news
• About research at Cambridge
• Spotlight on...

• Skip to main content
• Prospective Students
• Current Students
• Apply Apply
•   Follow Us

5 Careers to Pursue With Your PhD in Physics

Often the first and sometimes only career that comes to mind when students consider pursuing their Ph.D. in Physics is a job in academia. Teaching at a college or university can be a noble and rewarding career – but your professional options are not limited exclusively to the realm of a classroom or lab.

Keep reading for data about the fields in which physicists end up working and for a detailed look at the potential career paths that are open to people with an advanced degree in physics.

The Data Shows Career Diversity

One study performed by the American Institute of Physics (AIP), surveyed 503 physicists about their careers working in the private sector, 10-15 years after earning their Ph.D. The data collected revealed a several commonalities. First, the vast majority of mid-career Ph.D. physicists were working in the STEM fields. The most common fields were physics and engineering , followed by education, computer software, and business. Other fields included education (non-physics), non-STEM, other STEM, computer hardware, and medicine.

Additionally, the study found that physicists' careers in the private sector relied heavily on skills such as solving complex problems, managing projects, and writing for a technical audience. Across the board, the study found that the physicists felt their work was rewarding, as they found the work intellectually stimulating and challenging, and enjoyed collaborating with smart professional colleagues.

While the possibilities are vast and varied for those graduating from physics Ph.D. programs , the following are examples meant to demonstrate the range of fields and careers that are available to you.

Research and Development Engineer (Physics)

Job Description: According to AIP, about half of Research and Development Engineers work in the private sector (51 percent) , with 31 percent working in government, 16 percent the academic sector, and 2 percent in other areas. These engineers are responsible for overseeing, conducting, and applying research activities and experiments for organizations . They also will take the results, summarize them and disseminate their findings. They might also be responsible for developing technical documentation for projects.

• Skills Highlighted : Ability to work on a team, project management, technical problem solving, programming, basic physics principles
• Average Salary: $103,140 (as of July 2018)

Data Scientist (Non-STEM)

Job Description : AIP found that the vast majority of Data Scientists work in private industry (82 percent), a smaller portion working for the government (15 percent), and only 2 percent in the academic and 1 percent in other sectors. Data Scientists are responsible for taking large amounts of data and mining for patterns and information hidden within the data sets. They use statistical analysis to review the data, learn about how a business performs, and to build AI tools that automate certain processes within the company. They might also be responsible for creating various machine learning-based tools or processes , including recommendation engines and automated lead scoring systems.

• Skills Highlighted : Ability to work on a team, technical writing, technical problem solving, programming, design and development, specialized equipment.
• Average Salary : $131,847 (as of August 2018)

Quantitative Developer (Business)

Job Description : Virtually all Quantitative Developers (often referred to as quants) are working in private industry (95 percent) . AIP found that 5 percent found employment in other sectors. A job as a Quantitative Developer will require an interest in working in finance, math, and technology. You will also need experience with computer programming languages such as Matlab, C++, Java, C#, Q, Perl, Python and others. The majority of the work is creating, implementing, and analyzing mathematical models that are used to drive trading decisions. Developers also analyze risk models, create and develop new software for automated trading, and work alongside traders and other financial analysts in the company.

• Skills Highlighted : Ability to work on a team, technical problem solving, project management, programming, advanced math, simulation and modeling, perform quality control.
• Average Salary : $124,552 (as of August 2018)

Systems Engineer (Computer Software)

Job Description: According to AIP, almost all Systems Engineers work in the private sector (94 percent) , with small portions working in hospital or medical facilities (3 percent), academic settings (3 percent), or government (1 percent). Systems Engineers work alongside a team of highly technical engineers to ensure the quality, performance, and security of software infrustructures. The are responsible for installing, configuring, testing, and maintaining operating systems , application software, and system management tools. They monitor and test the systems, working to identify potential problems and creating and implementing solutions.

• Skills Highlighted : Ability to work on a team, technical writing and problem solving, programing, advanced math, simulation and modeling, perform technical support.
• Average Salary: ( $92,586 as of August 2018)

Medical Physicist (Medicine)

Job Description: AIP found that 74 percent of Medical Physicists worked in the private sector, and the remaining 26 percent worked in a hospital or medical facility. Medical physicists use a variety of analytical, computer-aided and bioengineering techniques, as well as analytical skills and applied science to aid doctors and medical staff in diagnosing and treating patients. They are responsible for helping to plan and ensure the safe and accurate treatment of patients. Often they will provide training and advice on advanced medical technologies such as radiotherapy, tomography, and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and lasers.

About 85% of medical physicists are involved with "some form of therapy," according to Physics Today , a publication of the AIP.

• Skills Highlighted : Ability to work on a team, technical writing and problem solving, programming, advanced math, work with clients, design and development, simulation and modeling, applied research.
• Median Salary: ( $185,000 as of 2012)

A Ph.D. in Physics Can Take You Far

Your career options post-doctorate are far from restricted to a classroom, a lab, or academia. Upon completion of your Ph.D. program, you will be equipped with the expertise to complement any number of professional teams in a variety of sectors. You could have the option of working in private industry, for government agencies, in hospitals and medical facilities, or if you desire, in a research lab or as a tenured professor.  

The only question that remains is – what will you choose to do next? Start pursuing your advanced degree in physics in order to make one of these careers a reality!

Learn more about

the Physics Department at SMU through our program guide.

Request more

Information.

Complete the form to reach out to us for more information

Published On

More articles, recommended articles for you, unlocking possibilities: what can you do with a phd in english.

The world of academia has long been associated with the pursuit of knowledge, scholarly research...

How to Become an Assistant Professor: My Experience Finding a Job in Academia

One of the great benefits of earning a doctoral degree is the range of academic positions a PhD can...

Beyond the Tenure-Track But Still In the Heart of Academia

As a student who is entering or completing a Ph.D. program, you're probably thinking about the...

Browse articles by topic

Subscribe to.

Requirements for a Doctorate in Physics

An advanced degree in physics at Caltech is contingent upon an extensive research achievement. Students in the program are expected to join a research group, carry out independent research, and write publications for peer-reviewed journals as well as a thesis. The thesis work proposed to a Caltech candidacy committee then presented and evaluated by a Caltech thesis committee in a public defense. Initially, students are required to consolidate their knowledge by taking advanced courses in at least three subfields of physics. Students must also pass a written candidacy exam in both classical physics and quantum mechanics in order to progress into the research phase of the degree.

Graduates of our program are expected to have extensive experience with modern research methods, a broad knowledge of contemporary physics, and the ability to perform as independent researchers at the highest intellectual and technical levels.

The PhD requirements are below and are also available in the Caltech Catalog, Section 4: Information for Graduate Students .

Plan of Study

The plan of study is the set of courses that a student will take to complete the Advance Physics Requirement and any courses needed as preparation to pass the Written Candidacy Exams (see below). Any additional courses the student plans to take as part of their graduate curriculum may be included in the plan of study but are not required. Students should consult with their Academic Advisor on their Plan of Study and discuss any exception or special considerations with the Option Representative. 

Log in to REGIS and navigate to the Ph. D. Candidacy Tab of your Graduate Degree Progress page. Add you courses into the Plan of Study section. When complete, click the "Submit Plan of Study to Option Rep" button. This will generate a notice to the Option Rep to approve your plan of study. Once you complete the courses in the Plan of Study, the Advanced Physics Requirement is completed.

Written Candidacy Exams

Physics students must demonstrate proficiency in all areas of basic physics, including classical mechanics (including continuum mechanics), electricity and magnetism, quantum mechanics, statistical physics, optics, basic mathematical methods of physics, and the physical origin of everyday phenomena. A solid understanding of these fundamental areas of physics is considered essential, so proficiency will be tested by written candidacy examinations.

No specific course work is required for the basic physics requirement, but some students may benefit from taking several of the basic graduate courses, such as Ph 106 and Ph 125. In addition, the class Ph 201 will provide additional problem solving training that matches the basic physics requirement.

Exam I: Classical Mechanics and Electromagnetism       Topics include: TBA

Exam 2: Quantum Mechanics, Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics      Topics include: TBA

Both exams are offered twice each year (July and October) Email  [email protected]  to sign up

Nothing additional. Sign up for the exam by emailing Mika Walton. The Student Programs Office will update your REGIS record once you pass the exams.

Advanced Physics Requirement

Students must establish a broad understanding of modern physics through study in six graduate courses. The courses must be spread over at least three of the following four areas of advanced physics. Many courses in physics and related areas may be allowed to count toward the Advanced Physics requirements.  Below are some popular examples.  Contact the Physics Option Representative to find out if any particular course not listed here can be used for this requirement. 

Physics of elementary particles and fields (Nuclear Physics, High Energy Physics, String Theory)

                 Ph 139 Intro to Particle Physics                 Ph 205abc Relativistic Quantum Field Theory                 Ph 217 Intro to the Standard Model                 Ph 230 Elementary Particle Theory (offered every two years)                 Ph 250 Intro to String Theory (offered every two years)

Quantum Information and Matter (Atomic/Molecular/Optical Physics, Condensed-Matter Physics, Quantum Information)   

                Ph 127ab Statistical Physics                 Ph 135a Intro to Condensed Matter Physics                 Ph 136a Applications of Classical Physics (Stat Mech, Optics) (offered every two years)                 Ph 137abc Atoms and Photons                 Ph 219abc Quantum Computation                 Ph 223ab Advanced Condensed Matter Physics

Physics of the Universe (Gravitational Physics, Astrophysics, Cosmology)             

                Ph 136b Applications of Classical Physics (Elasticity, Fluid Dynamics) (offered every two years)                 Ph 136c Applications of Classical Physics (Plasma, GR) (offered every two years)                 Ph 236ab Relativity                 Ph 237 Gravitational Waves (offered every two years)                 Ay 121 Radiative Processes

Interdisciplinary Physics (e.g. Biophysics, Applied Physics, Chemical Physics, Mathematical Physics, Experimental Physics)

                Ph 77 Advanced Physics Lab                   Ph 101 Order of magnitude (offered every two years)                 Ph 118 Physics of measurement                 Ph 129 Mathematical Methods of Physics                 Ph 136a Applications of Classical Physics (Stat Mech, Optics) (offered every two years)                 Ph 136b Applications of Classical Physics (Elasticity, Fluid Dynamics) (offered every two years)                 Ph 229 Advanced Mathematical Methods of Physics

Nothing additional. Once you complete the courses in your approved Plan of Study, the Advanced Physics Requirement is complete.

Oral Candidacy Exam

The Oral Candidacy Exam is primarily a test of the candidate's suitability for research in his or her chosen field. Students should consult with the executive officer to assemble their oral candidacy committee. The chair of the committee should be someone other than the research adviser.

The candidacy committee will examine the student's knowledge of his or her chosen field and will consider the appropriateness and scope of the proposed thesis research during the oral candidacy exam. This exam represents the formal commitment of both student and adviser to a research program.

See also the Physics Candidacy FAQs

After the exam, your committee members will enter their result and any comments they may have. Non-Caltech committee members are instructed to send their results and comments to the physics graduate office who will enter the information on their behalf. Once all "pass" results have been entered, the Option Rep will be prompted to recommend you for admission to candidacy. The recommendation goes to the Dean of Graduate Studies who has the final approval to formally admit you to candidacy.

Teaching Requirement

Thesis advisory committee (tac).

After the oral candidacy exam, students will hold annual meetings with their Thesis Advisory Committee (TAC). The TAC will review the research progress and provide feedback and guidance towards completion of the degree. Students should consult with the executive officer to assemble their oral candidacy committee and TAC by the end of their third year. The TAC is normally constituted from the candidacy examiners, but students may propose variations or changes at any time to the option representative. The TAC chair should be someone other than the research Adviser. The TAC chair will typically also serve as the thesis defense chair, but changes may be made in consultation with the Executive Officer and the Option Rep.

What to do in REGIS?

Login to Regis, navigate to the Ph. D. Examination Tab of your Graduate Degree Progress page, and scroll down to the Examination Committee section. Enter the names of your Thesis Advisory Committee members. Click the "Submit Examination Committee for Approval" button and this will automatically generate notifications for the Option Rep and the Dean of Graduate Studies to approve your committee. Enter the date, time and location of your TAC meeting and click "Submit Details." Your committee members will automatically be sent email reminders with the meeting details.

PhD Defense

The final thesis examination will cover the thesis topic and its relation to the general body of knowledge of physics. The candidate should send the thesis document to the defense committee and graduate office at least two weeks prior to the defense date. The defense must take place at least three weeks before the degree is to be conferred. Please refer to the  Graduate Office  and  Library  webpages for thesis guidelines, procedures, and deadlines.

• Date, time, and location of your exam and click the "Submit Examination Details" button. You committee members will automatically be sent email reminders with the exam details. 
• Commencement Information and click the "Submit Commencement Information" button (at least 2 weeks prior to defense)
• Marching Information and click the "Submit your Marching Information" button (at least 2 weeks prior to commencement)

What jobs can a theoretical physicist do?

Theoretical physicists typically work in laboratories with complex equipment or in offices planning experiments, analyzing data, and writing research reports. Theoretical physicists may also find jobs in colleges and universities.

Table of Contents

Is Theoretical Physics in demand?

Theoretical Physics graduates are sought after, but there are a lot of competing degrees such as Computer Science and Pure Math. For better career opportunities, it is better to advance to a Masters or a Doctorate.

Does NASA hire theoretical physicists?

Yes, you can work for NASA while being an astrophysicist/theoretical physicist. They employ people from a variety of professions, not just aerospace engineers and astronauts.

How much do a theoretical physicist make?

Salary Ranges for Theoretical Physicists The middle 50% of Theoretical Physicists makes between $84,902 and $98,390, with the top 83% making $185,230.

What field of physics pays the most?

• Chemical engineer.
• Meteorologist.
• Lab manager.
• Test engineer.
• Nuclear engineer.
• Geophysicist.
• Aeronautical engineer.

How hard is it to be a theoretical physicist?

Becoming a theoretical physicist usually requires a doctorate in physics or mathematics, post-doctoral experience, and several years of job experience applying physics. Working to become a theoretical physicist can take many years of learning and experience.

How do I get a job in theoretical physics?

Requirements for becoming a theoretical physicist Many teaching and research positions often require a doctorate’s degree in theoretical physics. Often, recent graduates receive 2-3 years of post-doctorate experience assisting leading professionals in the field before seeking more advanced employment.

What do theoretical physicists do all day?

Theoretical physicists use mathematical concepts to analyze and predict the behavior of the physical world. Experimental physicists use laboratory experiments to verify these theoretical predictions or develop devices and instruments.

Who is the most famous theoretical physicist?

Albert Einstein (arguably the greatest theoretical physicist of all time), who has revised at the most fundamental level Newton’s concepts of space and time, his dynamics and theory of gravity.

How much does a theoretical physicist make at NASA?

In June 2018, NASA announced job openings for a research astrophysicist with a salary range of $96,970 to $148,967 and a physical scientist with a salary ranging from $134,789 to $164,200.

How much money do NASA astrophysicists make?

NASA Salary FAQs The average salary for an Astrophysicist is $95,710 per year in United States, which is 30% lower than the average NASA salary of $136,758 per year for this job.

What kind of math do theoretical physicists use?

A strong mastery of basic high-school level algebra, trigonometry, analytic and synthetic geometry, and single-variable calculus is required at the very least if one wishes to do serious research in the physical sciences.

How much does Sheldon Cooper make as a physicist?

Cooper is described in the series as ‘Senior Theoretical Physicist’ at Caltech this position pulls in about $100,000 a year or more.

How much do PhD physicists make?

The average pay for a Physicist PhD is $135,364 a year and $65 an hour in the United States. The average salary range for a Physicist PhD is between $92,183 and $165,685. On average, a Doctorate Degree is the highest level of education for a Physicist PhD.

Do physicists make more money than engineers?

On average, graduates with engineering degrees were one of the few groups whose mean starting offers were higher than physicists. Chemical, electrical, and mechanical engineers’ mean starting salary falls between $59,000 and $65,000 per year, while civil engineers are about even with physicists.

Are physicists in high demand?

Overall employment of physicists and astronomers is projected to grow 8 percent from 2021 to 2031, faster than the average for all occupations. About 2,100 openings for physicists and astronomers are projected each year, on average, over the decade.

Do theoretical physicists need computer science?

Short answer: yes, generally in one of three categories: Theory of “practical systems” (loosely speaking) Material science/solid state/condensed matter.

How long does it take to get a PhD in theoretical physics?

PhD in Physics Graduation and Admission Requirements Those wishing to complete their PhD in Physics can expect it to take between four to five years and require two years of classroom study along with two to three more years of research and laboratory work for their dissertation.

Does it take a genius to become a physicist?

You do not need to be a math genius, or a living encyclopedia filled with formulas and natural constants to be a physicist worthy of that name. But there is one quality which really is essential, and you should know about it if you are interested in studying physics or hiring a physicist.

What do theoretical physicists do at NASA?

What do physicists do at NASA? At NASA physicists are mainly there to work out trajectory of rockets, satellites and various other space equipment. They do this by taking in account speed, mass, gravity, pressure, and various other forces.

Is theoretical physics competitive?

Theoretical physics can be a very competitive field to enter after graduating.

What is better theoretical or experimental physics?

Theoretical physicists devise mathematical models to explain the complex interactions between matter and energy, while experimental physicists conduct tests on specific physical phenomena, using advanced tools from lasers to particle accelerators and telescopes, to arrive at answers.

What subjects do you need to become a theoretical physicist?

• Step 1: Earn a Bachelor’s Degree in Physics. Bachelor’s degree programs in physics provide students with a strong foundation in general physics and related mathematics.
• Step 2: Get Research Experience.
• Step 3: Pass Additional Tests.

How many theoretical physicists are there in the world?

According to an article from Physics Today[1], there is a range between 372,000 and 964,000 based on national physics society membership from the 34 most populous counties and adjusting for the estimated total world population.

Who is No 1 scientist in the world?

Albert Einstein is one of the most famous scientists in the world. He used to be an eccentric person who was perhaps the only scientist in the world who has become such a household name. His theories of relativity, gravitation and his understanding of molecules have defined new approaches in science.

Craving More Content?

Read our latest blog posts

How does a wrecking ball work physics.

As gravity pulls the weight towards the earth, the kinetic energy, and velocity increase until they reach the bottom point. That is why a wrecking ball…

What are 5 examples of gravity?

A piece of paper falling on the ground. Gases in stars. A child sliding in the park. A ball thrown up always comes down. Stability of…

How does a loop the loop work?

In a loop-the-loop, the intensity of the acceleration force is determined by two factors: the speed of the train and the angle of the turn. As…