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Essay on Chandra Shekhar Azad

Chandra Shekhar Azad was one of the formidable freedom fighters of the British Empire. This Chandra Shekhar Azad essay will tell you about his early life and achievements as a freedom fighter. You will come to know what he has done and how he sacrificed his life for our country in this essay on Chandra Shekhar Azad. This essay has been written in a simple language for the understanding of all students.

Long Essay on Chandra Shekhar Azad

We got our freedom due to the sacrifice of our freedom fighters and nationalists. They have fought relentlessly against the colonial rule of the British Empire. One of the greatest martyrs of Indian Independence is Chandra Shekhar Azad. He was an ardent nationalist and the real son of Mother India who had no fear of any superpower. His bravery will always be remembered and printed in India’s history of freedom fights. In this essay on Chandra Shekhar Azad, we will discuss his early life and revolutionary activities.

His name was Chandra Shekhar Tiwari. He was born on 23 rd July 1906 in Bhavra, Jhabua District, Madhya Pradesh. He belonged to a poor family. Chandra grew up with the Bhil tribal kids and indulged in sports. He was extremely fit and possessed an athletic figure. His mother dreamed of making him a Sanskrit scholar and sent him to Kashi Vidyapeeth in Banaras. It was then he was introduced to nationalism. He grew extreme love for her country and became a freedom fighter.

He was extremely troubled by the Jallianwala Bagh incident in 1919. He was just 13 years old when he joined the Non-Cooperation Movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920. He actively participated in such movements and was arrested by the British Government when he was 16 years old. It was then he introduced himself to the police as Azad and his father as ‘Swatantra’. The magistrate, witnessing such courage, became furious and ordered him to be whiplashed. We can understand from this Chandra Shekhar Azad essay paragraph how fearless he was.

The Noncooperation Movement was withdrawn by Mahatma Gandhi in 1922. His nationalist sentiment and the dream of seeing his country to be free received a huge blow. He became more aggressive and understood that non-violent movements like this will not shake the British Empire’s pillars.

He joined the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) after meeting Ram Prasad Bismil and started gathering funds. It was not enough for the freedom fighters to fight such a huge empire with so many limited funds. He then planned the famous Kakori Conspiracy in 1925. He planned how to loot a government train and gather weapons for further freedom activities. He identified the security loopholes and intercepted a train at Kakori. A passenger died as a casualty of the conspiracy and the British coined it as a murder. Bismil was arrested along with Ashfaqulla Khan but Azad escaped.

He then moved to Kanpur, the headquarter of HRA. He met Sukhdev, Rajguru, and Bhagat Singh, the most-feared freedom fighters back then. He renamed HRA to the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HRSA) in 1928. Lala Lajpat Rai died from lathi-charge in the same year. He planned to take revenge by killing James Scott but accidentally killed J. P. Saunders. Eventually, all his acquaintances were arrested but he managed to escape using his excellent disguising capabilities. This is why he was named ‘Quick Silver’.

One day, an informer leaked his location. Policemen are already present in Alfred Park, Allahabad. He was surrounded and was severely injured. He used his last bullet to kill himself but did not surrender to the British police. The legacy of Chandra Shekhar Azad will be remembered every time India celebrates its independence. He showed us how to love our country passionately and told us to be prepared to do anything. His unconditional love and selfless sacrifice are considered to be the epitome of patriotism in Indian history.

Short Essay on Chandrashekhar Azad

Paragraph on Chandrashekhar Azad

Chandra Shekhar Azad was born in a small village in Jhabua district in Madhya Pradesh. He is remembered as one of the mightiest freedom fighters who shook the British Empire. He grew up with the Bhil tribal children and was extremely fit. He learned swimming, archery, wrestling, etc from them. He was sent to Banaras to study Sanskrit in Kashi Vidyapeeth.

He was then introduced to nationalism and participated in nonviolent movements under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. He was arrested and whipped when he gallantly faced the wrath of the magistrate and told his name ‘Azad’. He was shattered by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and turned into a freedom fighter by leaving the peaceful revolution. He met with the leading freedom fighters back then in the group named the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA).

He planned the Kakori Conspiracy to gather more funds and weapons for the freedom fighters. The entire team was declared terrorists and his partners were arrested. When Lala Lajpat Rai died, he planned the assassination of James Scott but mistakenly killed Saunders. He was then backstabbed by an informer and trapped in Alfred Park, Allahabad. He killed himself with his last bullet and created the epitome of patriotism and sacrifice we still remember to this date.

From Tiwari to Azad – Transformation of Chandra Shekhar

The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre demonstrated how British officials openly violated basic human rights. They committed violence on a crowd of unarmed and innocent individuals. Chandra Shekhar, deeply shocked by this tragedy, joined Mahatma Gandhi's revolutionary cause. During the years 1920-21, Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement. This was the catalyst for the first wave of nationalism. Chandra Shekhar was one of the teenagers who had actively participated in these protests and movements. 

When Chandra Shekhar, 16, was caught in one of these incidents, the magistrate asked him his name. Azad, the son of a liberated India, introduced himself. He claimed that his father's name was Swatantra (independence) and that he lived in a jail cell. As a penalty for his outrageous behavior, the enraged magistrate sentenced him to fifteen whiplashes. Chandra Shekhar was treated with complete disregard when it came to his punishment. When signing statements as the commander in chief of the HSRA (Hindustan Socialist Republic Army), he would also use the name 'Balraj’.

Azad’s Courageous Death

Azad was a nightmare for the British Raj. British officials were determined to catch him, dead or alive. They even announced a large monetary reward for his head. An informant discovered Azad's whereabouts as a result of this announcement. Azad was heading to meet his companions at Allahabad's Alfred Park on February 27, 1931. Azad was already in the park when police arrived and ordered him to surrender willingly. 

Azad fought valiantly against the officials to secure safe passage for his comrades. He was able to kill three police officers, although he was severely hurt in the process. He used the last round to kill himself in the head because he had no other way out. When he was about to be arrested, he shot himself to death because he was determined not to be caught alive. It is claimed that Azad kept a bullet in his pocket in case he was arrested by the British.

Azad’s Legacy

The gun of Chandra Shekhar Azad is on display in Allahabad's museum. Many of India's schools, roads, and institutions have been named after him as a result of his contributions to the country's independence. Many institutions are named after him as well. Chandrashekhar Azad was a great liberation fighter, and he will always be remembered as Shaheed Chandrashekhar Azad in the hearts of Indians.

This Chandra Shekhar Azad essay in English tells us about the courage, strength, and valour of one of the mightiest freedom fighters the British Empire feared.

FAQs on Chandra Shekhar Azad Essay

1. What did Chandra Shekhar Azad do for the Indian Independence Movement?

Chandrashekhar Azad was extremely saddened by the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919). Then, he actively participated in the Non-Cooperation movement in 1921 launched by Mahatma Gandhi. However, due to the Chauri-Chaura event, Gandhi Ji called a halt to the Non-Cooperation campaign and he was deeply saddened by this. He later joined the Hindustan Republican Association, which was involved in many violent operations, including the Kakori railway robbery (1925) and the assassination of a British police officer (1928). He killed British Assistant Superintendent of Police John Poyantz Saunders to avenge Lala Lajpat Rai's death. On February 27, 1931, he organized a meeting with revolutionaries at Allahabad's Alfred Park, but it was besieged by police. He fought bravely, but when he saw no other way out, he shot himself and kept his promise of not being caught alive. He was well-known for his management skills, and he played a key role in reorganizing the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.

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3. Where did Chandra Shekhar Tell His Name ‘Azad’?

Chandra Shekhar gallantly told his name ‘Azad’ in front of a magistrate when he was arrested for participating in the movements led By Gandhiji.

4. Why were the British Unable to Arrest Him?

In this Chandra Shekhar Azad essay, we learned that he was skilled to flee in disguise. The British police were unable to catch him.

5. How did He Die?

In this Chandra Shekhar Azad essay, we learned that an informer betrayed him and told his location to the British police. He was extremely injured and committed suicide.

100, 200, 250, & 400 Words Essay on Chandrashekhar Azad In English

Table of Contents

Introduction

Among the greatest freedom fighters of the British Empire was Chandrashekhar Azad. It will provide you with an overview of both the early life and achievements of Chandrashekhar Azad during his time as a freedom fighter. Throughout this essay on Chandrashekhar Azad, you will learn what he has accomplished and what he sacrificed for our country.

100 Words Essay on Chandrashekhar Azad

The Indian Independence movement was led by Chandrashekhar Azad, a popular freedom fighter. The 23rd of July 1986 was Chandrashekhar Azad’s birthday. In the present-day Indian state of Madhya Pradesh, Shekhar Azad was born in a small village named Barbara.

His studies in Sanskrit took him to Banaras. Known for his violent extremism, Azad was an aggressive nationalist. His favorite organization was the Hindu Republican Association.

As a robber and looter of British government property, he paved the way for his freedom moment. Chandrashekhar Azad and Bhagat Singh ran the Hindu Republican Association together. It was their belief that India should be run according to socialist principles. The 27th of February 1931 was the date of Chandrashekhar Azad’s death.

200 Words Essay on Chandrashekhar Azad

In contrast to Mahatma Gandhi and Pandit Nehru, Chandrashekhar Azad was a freedom fighter. It was only through extremism and violent protests that he believed the British could be thrown out of India. To achieve his goal, Azad began gathering arms and ammunition after the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 1991.

Chandrashekhar Azad’s life is depicted in several patriotic Bollywood films. Anarchism was his political ideology and he considered himself a revolutionist. In the absence of Chandrashekhar Azad, the British could not have taken seriously India’s Independence moment.

Even though Azad lived only 25 years, he contributed greatly to the Indian Independence movement. India’s freedom struggle was inspired by him, and thousands of Indians took part in it. The great scholar Chandrashekhar Azad studied Sanskrit at Kashi Vidyapeeth in Varanasi.

In Chandrashekhar Azad’s words: “If there is no blood in your veins, then it is only water. For what is the flesh of youth if it is not serving the motherland?”

The non-cooperation movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi as a student in the year 1921 when he joined the Indian Independence movement as a student. In the face of police encirclement, Chandrashekhar Azad shot himself and pledged that he would never be captured alive.

250 Words Essay on Chandrashekhar Azad

As a revolutionary, Chandrashekhar Azad fought fervently for freedom and believed that India must be freed from British rule. Madhya Pradesh was the place of his birth in February 1931. As a self-proclaimed name, Azad, which means liberated, was derived from his surname Tiwari.

His mother dreamed that Azad would become a Sanskrit scholar by attending the Sanskrit Vidyalaya in Varanasi. He was influenced by Gandhi’s non-cooperation movement even before he was a teenager. In the course of his arrest, he is known to have identified himself as ‘Azad’. His name was changed to Chandrashekhar ‘Azad’ from this point on.

In his pledge, he promised to remain free and not to be caught.

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The Hindustan Republican Association was founded by Ram Prasad Bismil, who met Azad early on. Azad’s unflinching determination to liberate India was captured by Bismil as he held his hand over a flame. In later years, Azad was renamed the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. Rajguru and Bhagat Singh were among the revolutionaries he associated with.

A police informant tipped off the police about his presence while he was helping a friend in Alfred Park in Allahabad. Due to his efforts in helping his colleague flee, he was unable to follow him. Since he shot himself rather than surrender, he remained ‘free’ as he had promised. India still holds a great deal of respect for Chandrashekhar Azad.

400 Words Essay on Chandrashekhar Azad

The Indian freedom fighter Chandrashekhar Azad is a well-known figure in his country. His sacrifice continues to be remembered throughout India. He has faced many challenges since he was a child. Since he was born when our country of India was enslaved by the British.

During his childhood, Chandrashekhar Azad lived in Bhavra, a town in Madhya Pradesh. Our country was ruled by the British at that time. Chandrashekhar’s mother is Jagran Devi Tiwari; his father is Sitaram Tiwari.

Chandrashekhar’s parents wished for him to become a Sanskrit language scholar as a child. As a result of his father’s recommendation, he attended a prestigious and high-level school.

Yet Chandrashekhar was a socialist, so he had to contribute to the country. As a result, he joined the Indian freedom movement in the middle of his schooling. At the age of 15, he joined Mahatma Gandhi’s non-cooperation movement. In the years that followed, he participated in numerous movements for India’s independence.

Together with the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, he founded famous freedom fighters like Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev. His main objective was to free India from British slavery and make it an independent nation.

The day before Chandrashekhar Azad met Rajguru and Sukhdev at Alfred Park, they discussed their future battle. Chandrashekhar Azad was chatting with his friends in the park when an unidentified informant informed the British police.

Alfred Park was surrounded by many British police officers as a result. In the aftermath, he fought with British police officers for a long time.

After that, Chandrashekhar Azad fought alone with the British police officers after asking Rajguru and Sukhdev to leave. British officers’ bullets completely injured Chandrashekhar Azad in this battle.

While fighting, Chandrashekhar Azad also wounded many British officers, as well as shot some British officers to death. As it turned out, Chandrashekhar Azad had only one shot left in his gun after some time in this fight.

It was in this battle, however, that he decided to kill himself with that last bullet so he wouldn’t die at the hands of the British.

Conclusion,

Chandrashekhar Azad surrendered himself to sacrifice his life for his country, India. He was a patriot and a fearless individual. The name Shahid Chandrashekhar Azad is also used today to refer to him.

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Essay on Chandra Shekhar Azad for Students in English [Easy Words]

January 13, 2021 by Sandeep

Essay on Chandra Shekhar Azad: He is considered one of India’s greatest martyr freedom fighters. India remembers him for bravery and sacrifice. He was born on 23rd July 1906 in Madhya Pradesh. His love for the Sanskrit language introduced him to the nationalist fight for India’s independence. He joined hands with Mahatma Gandhi for the Non Co-operation movement in the year 1920 at a very tender age. He added the name ‘Azad’ to his birth name.

Essay on Chandra Shekhar Azad 500 Words in English

Below we have provided Chandra Shekhar Azad Essay in English, suitable for class 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10.

“If yet your blood does not rage, then it is water that flows in your vein” ~ Chandra Shekhar Azad.

Chandra Shekhar Azad’s original name is Chandra Shekhar Tiwari. He was born to Pandit Sita Ram Tiwari and Jagrani Devi on July 23, 1906. His childhood days were spent in Bhavra village (of Jhabua district) in Madhya Pradesh. While his father was working in Alirajpur, his mother looked over all the home requirements. Chandra Shekhar grew up with the children of the Bhil tribe (who resided in that area). He indulged in sports activities like wrestling, archery, swimming, etc. Being an extraordinary javelin thrower, he naturally became athletic and physically fit. Azad’s mother wanted him to become a great Sanskrit scholar. For this very reason, he was sent to the Kashi Vidyapeeth (a Sanskrit Pathshala) in Varanasi.

Transformation of Chandra Shekhar: From Tiwari to Azad

The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre took place in Amritsar in 1919. This event showcased how the British officials blatantly ignored basic human rights. They used violence over a group of innocent and unarmed civilians. Deeply troubled by this incident, Chandra Shekhar joined the revolutionary movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi . Gandhi declared the Non-cooperation movement during 1920-21. This triggered the first wave of nationalism.

Chandra Shekhar was one of the teens who had actively contributed his role in these protests. When 16 years old Chandra Shekhar was arrested in one of these events, the magistrate asked him his name. He introduced himself as Azad, the son of a free India. He added his father’s name was Swatantra (independence) and his home was the prison cell. The furious magistrate sentenced him to receive fifteen whiplashes as a punishment for his outrageous behaviour. Chandra Shekhar faced punishment with absolute indifference.

Azad’s Valiant Death

Azad proved to be a terror for the British Raj. British officials wanted to capture him by all means: dead or alive. They even announced a reward of a huge amount of money on his head. Owing to this announcement, Azad’s whereabouts were leaked by an informer. On February 27, 1931, Azad was going to meet his friends at Allahabad’s Alfred Park. Police were already present in the park and ordered Azad to surrender voluntarily.

Essay on Chandrashekhar Azad 500+ Words

Chandrashekhar Azad, a name that rings with valor and patriotism, is a legendary figure in India’s history of the struggle for independence. In this essay, we will explore the life and contributions of Chandrashekhar Azad, highlighting his unwavering dedication to the cause of freedom.

Early Life and Inspiration

Chandrashekhar Azad was born on July 23, 1906, in Bhavra, a small village in present-day Madhya Pradesh, India. His birth name was Chandrashekhar Tiwari. Growing up, he witnessed the oppressive rule of the British Empire, which ignited the flames of patriotism in his heart. He drew inspiration from the stories of brave freedom fighters like Bhagat Singh and Rajguru.

Transformation into Azad

In his quest for freedom, Chandrashekhar Tiwari adopted the name “Azad,” which means “free” in Hindi. He joined Mahatma Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement initially but later realized that a more aggressive approach was necessary to achieve India’s independence. Thus, he transformed into Chandrashekhar Azad, a fearless revolutionary who believed in taking direct action against the British.

Kakori Conspiracy

Azad’s first major act of rebellion was his participation in the Kakori Conspiracy of 1925. Alongside other revolutionaries, he attempted to rob a train carrying British funds near Kakori, Uttar Pradesh. Though the mission did not go as planned, it demonstrated Azad’s unwavering commitment to striking at the heart of British authority. He managed to escape capture, earning a reputation as a daring fugitive.

Founding the HSRA

Chandrashekhar Azad was a founding member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), a revolutionary organization committed to overthrowing British rule. The HSRA aimed to unite Indians of all backgrounds in the fight for freedom. Azad’s leadership and organizational skills played a crucial role in the HSRA’s activities.

Hideouts and Escapes

Azad’s life was one of constant danger and evasion. He moved from one hideout to another, employing his knowledge of jungles and countryside to stay hidden. His ability to escape capture numerous times earned him the nickname “The Houdini of India.” Azad’s elusive nature frustrated the British authorities and inspired hope among Indians.

Mentorship of Bhagat Singh

Chandrashekhar Azad played a pivotal role in the life of another iconic freedom fighter, Bhagat Singh. He mentored and guided Bhagat Singh in his revolutionary journey. Their bond was built on a shared commitment to India’s independence, and together they believed in the power of sacrifice for the greater good.

Azad’s Legacy Chandrashekhar

Azad’s legacy endures as a symbol of courage and selflessness. He never hesitated to lay down his life for the cause of his country’s freedom. His unwavering dedication to the struggle inspired countless others to join the fight for independence. Even today, Azad’s name evokes a sense of patriotism and dedication.

Conclusion of Essay on Chandrashekhar Azad

In conclusion, Chandrashekhar Azad’s life and actions stand as a testament to the indomitable spirit of the Indian freedom struggle. His transformation from Chandrashekhar Tiwari to Chandrashekhar Azad represents the transformation of an ordinary young man into a fearless revolutionary. His leadership, sacrifices, and unwavering dedication to the cause of independence make him an enduring hero in the hearts of Indians. Chandrashekhar Azad will forever be remembered as a symbol of the struggle for a free and united India. His legacy continues to inspire generations to come.

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Chandrashekhar Azad : A Pioneer of Bharatiya Independence

Chandrashekhar azad : one of the greatest freedom fighters.

Chandrashekhar Azad was a great Indian freedom fighter. His fierce patriotism and courage inspired others of his generation to enter freedom struggle. He was the mentor of Bhagat Singh , another great freedom fighter, and along with Bhagat Singh he is considered as one of the greatest revolutionaries that India has produced.

Chandrashekhar Azad was a Bharatiya revolutionary from Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh. He believed that his Dharma was to fight for the Nation. He said a soldier never relinquishes his weapon. He was involved in the Kakori Train Robbery (1926), in the attempt to blow up the Viceroy’s train (1926), and in the shooting of Saunders at Lahore (1928) to avenge the killing of Lala Lajpat Rai. He formed the ‘Hindustan Socialist Republican Association’.  He was an ideal for revolutionaries such as Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, Batukeshwar Dutt and Rajguru.

Chandrashekhar Azad enters in freedom struggle

Chandrashekhar Azad was born on July 23,1906 in Badarka village of Unnao district in Uttar Pradesh. His parents were Pandit Sitaram Tiwari and Jagarani Devi. Pandit Sitaram Tiwari was serving in erstwhile estate of Alirajpur (situated in present day Madhya Pradesh) and Chandrashekhar Azad’s childhood was spent in the village Bhabra. On the insistence of his mother Jagrani Devi, Chandrashekhar Azad went to Kashi Vidyapeeth, Benaras for studying Sanskrit.

Chandrashekhar Azad was deeply troubled by the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in Amritsar in 1919. In 1921, when Mahatma Gandhi launched Non-Cooperation movement, he actively participated in revolutionary activities. He received his first punishment at the age of fifteen. He was caught while indulging in revolutionary activities. When the magistrate asked him his name, he said “Azad” (meaning free). He was sentenced to fifteen lashes. With each stroke of the whip the young Chandrasekhar shouted “Bharat Mata ki Jai !”. From then on Chandrashekhar assumed the title of Azad and came to known as Chandrashekhar Azad. He vowed that he would never be arrested by the British police and would die as free man.

Chandrashekhar Azad as a revolutionary

Chandrashekhar Azad was then attracted towards more aggressive and revolutionary ideals. He committed himself to complete independence by any means. Azad and his compatriots would target British officials known for their oppressive actions against ordinary people and freedom fighters.

Azad was a terror for British police. He was on their hit list and the British police badly wanted to capture him dead or alive. On February 27, 1931 Azad met two of his comrades at the Alfred Park Allahabad. He was betrayed by an informer who had informed the British police. The police surrounded the park and ordered Azad to surrender. Azad fought alone valiantly and killed three policemen. But finding himself surrounded and seeing no route for escape, he shot himself. Thus he kept his pledge of not being caught alive.

Azad lived only for 25 years, but inspired thousands of Indians to take part in freedom struggle.

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Essay on Chandra Shekhar Azad In English For Students & Teachers

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Chandra Shekhar Azad Essay: Chandra Shekhar Azad was one of the considerable freedom fighters of the British Empire. This Chandra Shekhar Azad essay will tell you about his early life and achievements as a freedom fighter. You will come to know what he has done and how he sacrificed his life for our country in this essay on Chandra Shekhar Azad . This essay has been written in a very simple language for the understanding of all students & teachers.

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Long Essay on Chandra Shekhar Azad:

We got our freedom because of the sacrifice of our freedom fighters and nationalists. They have battled steadily contrary to the pioneer rule of the British Empire. Probably the best saint of Indian Independence is Chandra Shekhar Azad. He was a vigorous patriot and the genuine child of Mother India who had no anxiety toward any superpower. His boldness will constantly be recollected and imprinted in India’s set of experiences of freedom battles. In this exposition on Chandra Shekhar Azad, we will talk about his initial life and progressive exercises.

His name was Chandra Shekhar Tiwari. He was brought into the world on 23rd July 1906 in Bhavra, Jhabua District, Madhya Pradesh. He had a place with an unfortunate family. Chandra grew up with the Bhil ancestral children and enjoyed sports. He was very fit and had an athletic figure. His mom longed for making him a Sanskrit researcher and sent him to Kashi Vidyapeeth in Banaras. It was then he was acquainted with patriotism. He developed intense love for her nation and turned into a political dissident.

He was incredibly disturbed by the Jallianwala Bagh episode in 1919. He was only 13 years of age when he joined the Non-Cooperation Movement sent off by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920. He effectively took part in such developments and was captured by the British Government when he was 16 years of age. It was then he acquainted himself with the police as Azad and his dad as ‘Swatantra’. The justice, seeing such fortitude, became angry and requested him to be whiplashed. We can comprehend from this Chandra Shekhar Azad exposition passage how valiant he was.

The Noncooperation Movement was removed by Mahatma Gandhi in 1922. His patriot opinion and the fantasy about seeing his country to be free gotten a gigantic blow. He turned out to be more forceful and perceived that peaceful developments like this won’t shake the British Empire’s support points.

He joined the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) in the wake of meeting Ram Prasad Bismil and began gathering reserves. It was insufficient for the freedom fighters to battle such a gigantic realm with such countless restricted reserves. He then, at that point, arranged the well known Kakori Conspiracy in 1925.

He arranged how to steal from an administration train and accumulate weapons for additional freedom exercises. He distinguished the security provisos and blocked a train at Kakori. A traveler passed on as a setback from the intrigue and the British begat it as a homicide. Bismil was captured alongside Ashfaqulla Khan yet Azad got away.

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He then moved to Kanpur, the settle of HRA. He met Sukhdev, Rajguru, and Bhagat Singh, the most-dreaded freedom fighters in those days. He renamed HRA to the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HRSA) in 1928. Lala Lajpat Rai passed on from lathi-charge around the same time. He wanted to get payback by killing James Scott however incidentally killed J. P. Saunders. In the long run, every one of his associates were captured yet he figured out how to avoid utilizing his phenomenal camouflaging abilities. For this reason he was named ‘Speedy Silver’.

At some point, a witness released his area. Police officers are as of now present in Alfred Park, Allahabad. He was encircled and was seriously harmed. He utilized his last shot to commit suicide however didn’t give up to the British police. The tradition of Chandra Shekhar Azad will be recalled each time India praises its freedom. He showed us the best way to cherish our nation energetically and advised us to be ready to do anything. His unequivocal love and magnanimous sacrifice are viewed as the encapsulation of nationalism in Indian history.

Short Essay on Chandrashekhar Azad:

Paragraph on chandrashekhar azad:.

Chandra Shekhar Azad was brought into the world in a little town in Jhabua locale in Madhya Pradesh. He is recognized as one of the mightiest freedom fighters who shook the British Empire. He grew up with the Bhil ancestral youngsters and was incredibly fit. He got the hang of swimming, bows and arrows, wrestling, and so on from them. He was shipped off Banaras to concentrate on Sanskrit in Kashi Vidyapeeth.

He was then acquainted with patriotism and took part in peaceful developments under the authority of Mahatma Gandhi. He was captured and whipped when he heroically confronted the fury of the officer and told his name ‘Azad’. He was broken by the Jallianwala Bagh slaughter and transformed into a political dissident by leaving the quiet upset. He met with the main freedom fighters in those days in the gathering named the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA).

He arranged the Kakori Conspiracy to accumulate more assets and weapons for the freedom fighters. The whole group was pronounced psychological militants and his accomplices were captured. At the point when Lala Lajpat Rai passed on, he arranged the death of James Scott yet erroneously killed Saunders. He was then manipulated by a source and caught in Alfred Park, Allahabad. He committed suicide with his last shot and made the exemplification of positive energy sacrifice we actually recall to this date.

From Tiwari to Azad – Transformation of Chandra Shekhar:

The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre showed how British authorities transparently abused fundamental basic freedoms. They submitted savagery on a horde of unarmed and honest people. Chandra Shekhar, profoundly stunned by this misfortune, joined Mahatma Gandhi’s progressive reason. During the years 1920-21, Gandhi sent off the Non-Cooperation Movement. This was the impetus for the primary flood of patriotism. Chandra Shekhar was one of the youngsters who had effectively taken part in these fights and developments.

Whenever Chandra Shekhar, 16, was trapped in one of these episodes, the officer asked him his name. Azad, the child of a freed India, presented himself. He asserted that his dad’s name was Swatantra (freedom) and that he lived in a prison cell. As a punishment for his over the top way of behaving, the maddened judge condemned him to fifteen whiplashes. Chandra Shekhar was treated with complete dismissal when it came to his discipline. While marking proclamations as the president of the HSRA (Hindustan Socialist Republic Army), he would likewise utilize the name ‘Balraj’.

Azad’s Courageous Death:

Azad was a bad dream for the British Raj. English not entirely set in stone to get him, in any condition. They even declared a huge financial prize for his head. A source found Azad’s whereabouts because of this declaration. Azad was making a beeline for meet his associates at Allahabad’s Alfred Park on February 27, 1931. Azad was at that point in the recreation area when police showed up and requested him to give up eagerly.

Azad battled boldly against the authorities to get protected entry for his friends. He had the option to kill three cops, in spite of the fact that he was seriously harmed all the while. He involved the last round to commit suicide in the head since he had no alternate way out. At the point when he was going to be captured, he shot himself to no end since he was resolved not to be gotten alive. It is guaranteed that Azad kept a shot in his pocket in the event that he was captured by the British.

Azad’s Legacy:

The gun of Chandra Shekhar Azad is in plain view in Allahabad’s exhibition hall. A significant number of India’s schools, streets, and foundations have been named after him because of his commitments to the nation’s freedom. Numerous establishments are named after him too. Chandrashekhar Azad was an extraordinary freedom warrior, and he will continuously be recognized as Shaheed Chandrashekhar Azad in the hearts of Indians.

This Chandra Shekhar Azad paper in English enlightens us regarding the mental fortitude, strength, and bravery of one of the mightiest freedom fighters the British Empire dreaded.

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English Essay on "Chandra Shekhar Azad" full length Essay, Paragraph, Speech for Class 7, 8, 9, 10, and 12 Kids, Students for Examination.

Chandra shekhar azad.

Chandra Shekhar Azad was born on July 23, 1906, at Bhavra in the Jhabua district of Madhya Pradesh. His father's name was Pandit Sitaram Tiwari and his mother's name was Jagarani Devi. He did his early schooling in Bhavra. Later, he went to Pathashala at Varanasi for further studies. He was a devotee of Lord Hanumana. Chandrashekhar Azad was a great Indian freedom fighter.

His feeling of patriotism and bravery encouraged others to enter the freedom struggle. Chandrasekhar Azad was considered as one of the greatest revolutionaries India ever had, Chandrashekhar Azad was intensely concerned by the incident of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in Amritsar in 1919.

In 1921, when Mahatma Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement, he actively participated in revolutionary activities. He received his first punishment at the age of fifteen when he was caught indulging in revolutionary activities. When the magistrate asked him his name, he said: "Azad" (meaning free). Chandrashekhar Azad was given fifteen lashes. With each stroke of the whip, the young Chandrasekhar shouted "Bharat Mata Ki Jai'. From then on, Chandrashekhar assumed the title of 'Azad' and came to be known as ‘Chandrashekhar Azad'.

Chandrashekhar Azad vowed that he would never be arrested by the British police and would die as a free man. After the suspension of the non-cooperation movement, he got attracted towards more aggressive and revolutionary ideals. He committed himself to complete independence by any means. Chandrashekhar Azad and his compatriots would target British officials known for their oppressive actions against ordinary people and freedom fighters. Chandrashekhar Azad was involved in Kakori train Robbery (1926), an attempt to blow up the Viceroy's train (1926), and the shooting of Saunders at Lahore (1928) to take revenge for the death of Lala Lajpat Rai. Along with Bhagat Singh and other compatriots like Sukhdev and Rajguru, he formed the 'Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA). HSRA was committed to complete Indian independence and socialist principles for India's future progress; Chandrashekhar Azad was a terror for British police. He was on their hit list and the British police badly wanted to capture him dead or alive.

On February 27, 1931, when Chandrashekhar Azad had gone to Alfred Park, Allahabad to meet two of his comrades, police surrounded the park and ordered Chandrashekhar Azad to surrender. Chandrashekhar Azad fought alone bravely and killed three policemen. But finding himself surrounded and seeing no route for escape, he shot himself. Thus, he kept his promise of not being caught alive.

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Chandra Shekhar Azad Essay in English

Chandra Shekhar Azad Essay in English , In India, every person is aware of the name Chander Shekhar Azad. In childhood, kids learn about this brave name and grow up wishing to become like him one day. Chander Shekhar is a great name because he was a freedom fighter and gave his life for the independence of India. He is remembered for his sacrifice and bravery. Azad was born in Madhya Pradesh on 23 rd July in the year 1906.

At the time of the British Empire Azad fought many fights against them to release India from their empire. He was the greatest martyr of India who never feared anything. He was the tiger of India with the superpower of bravery. His stories are printed in the history of India. Azad was born in a very poor family who had a great interest in sports and the Sanskrit language.

Essay on Chandrashekhar Azad in English

Azad was a fit young man and had a solid athletic physique. His parents had some dreams for their son. His mother wanted Azad to become a Sanskrit scholar. He was sent to study in the Kasha Vidyapeeth in Banaras. This was the place where he was encountered by nationalism.  Here he developed an intense love for his country and become one of the bravest freedom fighters of the nation.

Jallianwala Bagh’s unfortunate incident troubled this young man a lot who had an intense love for his fellow Indians. This incident happened in the year 1919. At that time he was just thirteen years old. At such an early age he joined the Non-cooperation movement which was launched by our father of nation Mahatma Gandhi in the year 1920.

He was sixteen years old when he first got arrested by the British. He actively participated in movements that were against the brutish rule. When Azad was first arrested he addressed himself as AZAD and said his father’s name is Swatantra (Independence). British were afraid of the rage he had in him.

He was brave and furious which threatened the British who ordered him to whiplash him. In the year 1922 mahatma Gandhi withdrew non-cooperation movement and this was the time when the dream of Azad got completely shattered. He had a dream of freeing his country but his nationalist sentiment got hurt.

His hurt turned into anger and he decided that non-violent acts will not move the British. He became more aggressive and decided to free his nation by hook or by crook. He met ram Prasad Bismil after joining the Hindustan republic association to gather funds.

Chandra Shekhar Azad Essay in English 500 Words

At that time people who were fighting for the freedom of India was not having enough funds and British Empire was more powerful and big. Kakori is one of the biggest conspiracies in the history of India which was planned by Chander Shekhar Azad in the year 1925.

Azad planned to loot the train to gather weapons and use them for the fight for freedom. He planned the Kakori Kand very carefully. He first observed the loopholes in the security of the train and he was also successful in looting the train.

At the time of looting one passenger died. His death was made a conspiracy against Azad and was coined as murder after which Ashfaqulla khan and Bismil were arrested. Azad escaped the police successfully. Azad escaped and traveled to Kanpur where there was the headquarters of the Hindustan republican association. 

In the year 1928 Lala Lajpat Rai lost his life in the lathi charge. Lala’s death boiled the blood of brave Azad and he decided to take revenge for his death.  He planned to kill James Scott, but JP Saunders died accidentally. The outcomes of his revenge were not good and his friends were arrested after this incident.

About Chandra Shekhar Azad in English Essay

Azad was very intelligent and brave and again escaped because of his unique capabilities and keen nature. He was also given the name of ‘Quick Silver’. It was difficult to catch Azad until one informer leaked the information about his location.  Policemen ambushed Azad in Alfred Park in Allahabad. In the incident of catching Azad, he was brutally injured.

Azad was a furious freedom fighter and British rulers used to fret about his bravery. There was terror in the British Empire and the officials wanted to catch Azad dead or alive. There was even a huge reward on his head by the British officials.

This encouraged the informer to leak his location. Azad fought bravely and also created a safe passage for his acquaintances. Azad bravely fought policemen but in the end, he shot himself in the head. This was the day that was marked in history because a young freedom fighter bravely took his life instead of getting captured by the British rulers.

There are chapters in the history book about the bravery of Chander Shekhar Azad and every Indian is aware of his sacrifices for the nation. He was brave as a soldier and furious as a tiger. There are many names given to Chander Shekhar Azad because of his freedom fights and bravery. Today we can see the legacy of Chander Shekhar Azad in the museums.

There is a gun of Azad in the Allahabad museum on display.  In India, we see roads, institutions, events, and schools which are named after Chander Shekhar Azad.  Azad has many contributions to India and many young children wish to become as furious and brave as he was once. His sacrifices are unmatchable.

He is an inspiration to all Indians. Azad was a great freedom fighter and because of his efforts, we live in a free India. Chander Shekhar Azad will be always remembered for his sacrifices ad bravery. It was not easy to move British Empire but his bravery and solid heart made the entire British Empire fret the bravery of Indians at that time.

He feared nothing and ended his life on his own terms saving many of his friends. He will always remain in our hearts and a huge inspiration for many upcoming generations in India. Chander Shekhar azad is a legend of india.

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Chandra Shekhar Azad Biography

Table of Contents

Chandra Shekhar Tiwari , famously known as Chandrashekhar Azad , played a pivotal role as an Indian revolutionary leader and freedom fighter. He stepped up to lead the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) after the demise of its founder, Ram Prasad Bismil, along with three other prominent party leaders – Roshan Singh, Rajendra Nath Lahiri, and Ashfaqulla Khan. Recognizing the need for change, he rebranded the organization as the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA).

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Chandra Shekhar Tiwari’s roots trace back to Bardarka village in the Unnao district of the United Provinces. Born to Sitaram Tiwari and Jagrani Devi on July 23, 1906, he was a passionate freedom fighter who went by the alias “Balraj” when signing pamphlets as the commander-in-chief of the HSRA . His dedication to the cause and his leadership were instrumental in the HSRA’s mission to secure India’s independence.

Chandra Shekhar Azad: Revolutionary Activities

The Hindustan Socialist Republic Association

Chandrashekhar Azad played a pivotal role within the Hindustan Socialist Republic Association (HSRA), an organization established by Ram Prasad Bismil in 1928. His primary task was to gather financial support for HSRA’s cause. Azad staunchly advocated for armed resistance as the means to liberate India from British colonial rule.

Role in Kakori Train Robbery

One significant episode in Azad’s revolutionary journey was his involvement in the Kakori Train Robbery on 9th August 1925, near Lucknow. The objective of this daring act was to secure funds for HSRA’s activities and mission. This audacious act catapulted both Azad and HSRA into the spotlight, prompting intensified British efforts to apprehend them.

Other Revolutionary Activities

Azad’s commitment to the revolutionary cause extended beyond this event. In 1928, he participated in the assassination of John P. Saunders in Lahore as retribution for the killing of Lala Lajpat Rai. In 1929, he even attempted to sabotage the Viceroy of India’s train.

Activities in Jhansi

During this time, Azad strategically utilized Jhansi as the central hub for his organization. Located approximately 15 kilometers from Jhansi, the Orchha forest served as a training ground for shooting practice and the preparation of his group members. Furthermore, Azad undertook the noble task of educating children from the nearby village of Dhimarpura, fostering positive relationships with the local community.

It was during this period that individuals like Sadashivrao Malkapurkar , Vishwanath Vaishampayan, and Bhagwan Daas Mathur became closely associated with Azad, becoming integral members of his revolutionary cadre.

Encounter at Alfred Park (Company Bagh)

Azad’s impact on the British Raj law enforcement faction was evident from how much effort they put into capturing him dead or alive. They even announced a reward of Rs.30,000 on his head, which led to vital information on the whereabouts of Azad. At Alfred Park in Allahabad on 27 February 1931 , Azad fought valiantly and single-handedly against a large number of police officers and chose to die as a free man rather than surrender.

Chandra Shekhar Azad and Bhagat Singh

The Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) was founded in 1923 by Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, Bismil, Sachindra Nath Bakshi, and Sachindra Nath Sanyal. In 1925, following the Kakori train robbery, the British authorities made efforts to suppress the activities of the revolutionaries. Ashfaqulla Khan, Prasad, Rajendra Nath Lahiri, and Thakur Roshan Singh were condemned to death for their involvement in revolutionary actions.

Meanwhile, Murari Lal Gupta , Chakravarthy, Azad, and Keshab managed to evade capture. They received assistance from fellow revolutionaries like Mahavir Singh and Shiv Verma, which enabled Chandrashekhar Azad to reorganize the association.

In 1928, Chandrashekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh , and other revolutionaries clandestinely revamped the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) and gave it a new name – the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) on 8-9 September. Their main objective was to work towards an independent India founded on socialist principles.

Manmath Nath Gupta, a member of HSRA, chronicled Azad’s revolutionary activities in multiple writings. Gupta dedicated a section in his book titled “History of the Indian Revolutionary Movement” to elucidate Azad’s contributions, aptly naming it “ Chandrashekhar Azad. ”

Chandra Shekhar Death

• After being cornered by the police and exhausting his ammunition, Chandra Shekhar Azad took his own life on February 27, 1931, in what is now known as Azad Park in Allahabad.
• Prior to this tragic event, their former comrade, Veerbhadra Tiwari , who had later become a traitor, informed the authorities about Azad’s presence in the park. Consequently, the police swiftly encircled him.
• In the midst of defending himself, Azad sustained injuries, while Sukhdev Raj managed to eliminate three police officers and wound others. Thanks to his actions, Sukhdev Raj was able to escape.
• With minimal public awareness, Azad’s body was quietly taken to Rasulabad Ghat for cremation. However, as word spread, people started to gather at the park where the incident occurred. They raised anti-British slogans and expressed their gratitude to Azad.

Chandra Shekhar Azad Legacy

Numerous schools, roads, colleges, and various public institutions in India bear his name. Starting with Jagdish Gautam’s 1963 film “Chandrashekhar Azad” and followed by Manoj Kumar’s 1965 production “ Shaheed ,” many movies have depicted the life of Azad on screen. Bollywood actor Manmohan took on the role of Azad in the 1965 film, while Sunny Deol portrayed him in “ 23 March 1931: Shaheed. ” Akhilendra Mishra also brought Azad to life in “ The Legend of Bhagat Singh, ” and Raj Zutshi assumed the character in “ Shaheed-E-Azam. ” In Rakesh Omprakash Mehra’s film “ Rang De Basanti, ” Aamir Khan stepped into Azad’s shoes.

In his autobiography, Jawaharlal Nehru recounts a meeting with Azad shortly before his demise, during which they discussed the impact of the Gandhi-Irwin pact. Nehru perceived the limitations of Azad’s approach and remained somewhat skeptical of his nonviolent methods.

The lives of Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, Azad, and Ashfaq found representation in the 2006 film “Rang De Basanti,” featuring Aamir Khan as Azad. This movie aimed to showcase the experiences of these young revolutionaries, offering inspiration to today’s youth.

In the 2018 television series “ Chandrashekhar, ” the journey of Chandrashekhar Azad’s transformation from a young boy to a revolutionary leader was portrayed. Ayaan Zubair depicted Azad’s early life, while Dev Joshi portrayed him during his teenage years, and Karan Sharma took on the role of an adult Azad.

Chandra Shekhar Azad Jayanti

Chandrashekhar Azad Jayanti is an important day in India that commemorates the birth anniversary of one of the nation’s most iconic freedom fighters, Chandrashekhar Azad. Chandra Shekar Azad birth date is July 23, 1906, and was born in Bhavra village, Madhya Pradesh, Chandrashekhar Azad, whose original name was Chandrasekhar Tiwari , played a significant role in India’s struggle for independence from British colonial rule.

Chandrashekhar Azad was a fearless and devoted revolutionary who dedicated his life to the cause of Indian independence. He is primarily remembered for his role in the Kakori Conspiracy of 1925, in which he and his associates attempted to loot a train carrying government funds. The incident was a symbol of resistance against British oppression and marked Azad as a prominent figure in the fight for freedom.

Key aspects of Chandrashekhar Azad Jayanti

• Tributes and Celebrations : On Chandrashekhar Azad Jayanti , the nation pays homage to this fearless patriot. Various events and programs are organized across the country to celebrate his life and contributions. Schools, colleges, and institutions often hold special assemblies or functions to educate students about his sacrifices and commitment to the nation.
• Remembering His Sacrifices : Chandrashekhar Azad’s unwavering commitment to India’s freedom struggle is remembered with great reverence. His sacrifices, including his refusal to surrender to the British, even in the face of capture, serve as a source of inspiration for generations.
• Inspiration for Youth : Chandrashekhar Azad’s life story continues to inspire the youth of India. His determination, courage, and dedication to the cause of freedom encourage young people to value their independence and work towards a better future for the nation.
• Tribute at Jallianwala Bagh : One notable location for Chandrashekhar Azad Jayanti celebrations is Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar. This historic site, where hundreds of innocent Indians were killed by British troops in 1919, holds special significance as Azad paid his respects here. People gather at this memorial to remember both the tragedy and the brave souls who fought for India’s freedom.
• Educational Initiatives : Chandrashekhar Azad Jayanti also serves as an opportunity to promote educational initiatives that highlight the contributions of freedom fighters like Azad. Documentaries, seminars, and discussions are organized to spread awareness about his life and the broader struggle for independence.

Chandrashekhar Azad Jayanti is not just a day to remember a courageous freedom fighter but also a reminder of the sacrifices made by countless individuals in the fight for India’s independence. It encourages citizens to cherish the hard-earned freedom and to work towards a brighter and more prosperous future for the nation, in line with the ideals upheld by Chandrashekhar Azad and other freedom fighters.

FAQs on Chandra Shekhar Azad Biography

What is the famous slogan of chandrashekhar azad.

The famous slogan associated with Chandrashekhar Azad is Dushman ki goliyon ka hum samna karenge, Azad hi rahein hain, Azad hi rahenge, which translates to We will face the enemy's bullets; we are free, and we will remain free.

What was the contribution of Chandrashekhar Azad in the freedom struggle?

Chandrashekhar Azad was a prominent freedom fighter in India's struggle for independence. He played a crucial role in various revolutionary activities and is best known for his participation in the Kakori Conspiracy of 1925, as well as for his unwavering commitment to the cause of freedom.

What are the lines of Chandrashekhar Azad?

Chandrashekhar Azad's famous lines include: Dushman ki goliyon ka hum samna karenge, Azad hi rahein hain, Azad hi rahenge, which translates to We will face the enemy's bullets; we are free, and we will remain free.

Where was Chandra Shekhar Azad born?

Chandrashekhar Azad was born in Bhavra village, in the present-day Alirajpur district of Madhya Pradesh, India.

How Did Chandrashekhar Azad Die?

Chandrashekhar Azad died on February 27, 1931, in Alfred Park, Allahabad (now Prayagraj), during a shootout with the British police. Rather than surrendering to the authorities, he chose to uphold his pledge of never being captured alive and took his own life.

What is Chandrashekhar Azad's Birth Date?

Chandrashekhar Azad was born on July 23, 1906.

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Chandrashekhar Azad Essay

Chandrashekhar Azad is a very famous name among Indian revolutionaries, who sacrificed everything for the freedom of his mother land. Here in the essay given below, we will discuss about the struggle of Chandrashekhar Azad’s life and many other interesting facts.

Table of Contents

Short and Long Essays on Chandrashekhar Azad

Essay 1 (250 words) – chandrashekhar azad: a revolutionary.

introduction

Chandrashekhar Azad was a brave and revolutionary person born in India, who is always remembered for his revolutionary activities. Due to his adventurous activities, he is known as a hero among Indian youth. True to his name, even after many revolutionary activities done against the British Empire, the British could never catch him.

A look at his revolutionary activities

Chandrashekhar Azad was associated with the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), which came to be known as the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in 1928. Both the organizations took part in revolutionary activities against the British rule and Chandrashekhar Azad should always be ahead in those activities. Some important activities related to Chandrashekhar Azad are displayed below –

Kakori Train Robbery

This incident of train robbery was carried out on 9 August 1925 in Kakori near Lucknow by Chandrashekhar Azad and other associates of Hindustan Republican Association (HRA). The main purpose of this event was to finance the revolutionary activities of the Sangh.

• Viceroy’s train blown up

Chandrashekhar Azad was also involved in the bombing of the train carrying Viceroy Lord Irwin on 23 December 1926. However, in this incident the train derailed and the Viceroy became unconscious.

• murder of saunders

Chandrashekhar Azad, along with Bhagat Singh and Rajguru, was also involved in the murder of probationary police officer John Saunders to avenge the murder of Lala Lajpat Rai on 17 December 1928.

When the police got information about Chandrashekhar Azad hiding in Azad Park in Allahabad, he clashed with him alone. In retaliatory action, he opened fire on the police but he killed himself with the last bullet, because he did not accept being caught by the police under any circumstances.

He died ‘Azad’ as per his name. He was strongly against the inhuman way of occupation by the British government and unfair treatment of the people.

Essay 2 (400 words) – Azad: A Young Revolutionary

The name of Chandrashekhar Azad does not need any introduction in the fight of Indian freedom struggle. It is a well known and respected name in the list of Indian revolutionaries. His courage and fearlessness at a young age made him very popular among the youth of India.

Azad – a young revolutionary

At a very young age, Azad was inspired to participate in the anti-British movements. He was only 15 years old when he was studying in Kashi Vidyapeeth Varanasi, then he actively participated in the non-cooperation movement run by Mahatma Gandhi. He was the youngest agitator to be jailed for participating in the non-cooperation movement.

Just 15 years old, too young for a young man to take part in the freedom movement, but Azad fought this battle to make India independent. After the Chauri-Chaura incident, when Mahatma Gandhi decided to end the non-cooperation movement in 1922, Azad was not happy with this decision.

HRA and HSRA. support to

After Gandhi ended the non-cooperation movement in 1922, Azad came in contact with Ram Prasad Bismil, who founded the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), an organization involved in revolutionary activities.

Chandrashekhar Azad was supported by many stalwart leaders like Motilal Nehru who regularly attended the H.R.A. money was given to support He was also supported by many Congress leaders in those days, especially when he was living in the United Provinces, which is near Jhansi in Uttar Pradesh these days, with a changed identity named Pandit Harishankar Brahmachari.

Within 6 years, Chandrashekhar Azad along with Bhagat Singh, Asfaqullah Khan, Sukhdev Thapar and Jagdish Chandra Chatterjee formed the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) Institute. 

The conspiracy of the Kakori train robbery incident on 9 August 1925 was executed between Kakori and Lucknow. In association with Ramprasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan, H.R.A. It was looted with the intention of funding the activities of the organization and buying arms for the organization.

This train carrying money for the government exchequer was run by Bismil, Ashfaqullah Khan, Rajendra Lahiri and H.R.A. The other members of the gang had robbed the train. They had robbed one lakh rupees present in the guard’s coach.

betrayal and death

On 27 February 1931, when Azad was hiding in Azad Park in Allahabad. An old friend named Virbhadra Tiwari became a police informer and informed the police about Azad being there. While fighting with the police, Azad opened fire with his Colt pistol, but when only one bullet was left in it, he shot himself.

Azad used to tell his companions that he would never be caught and would always remain free. In fact, he used to carry an extra bullet with him in case he was arrested, so that he could kill himself.

Essay 3 (600 words) – Chandrashekhar Azad: Family and Revolutionary Activity

Chandrashekhar Azad or simply known as ‘Azad’, he was an Indian revolutionary who was a contemporary of other revolutionaries such as Sardar Bhagat Singh, Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqullah Khan and all others. He took part in many revolutionary activities to bring out the British rule from India.

Azad – The Free

There is a small but very interesting incident, while his birth name was Chandrashekhar Tiwari and he added the name ‘Azad’ to his name and he became Chandrashekhar Azad. 

At the age of only 15, Azad was imprisoned for his participation in the non-cooperation movement. When a young boy was produced before the magistrate and asked about him, he said that my name is ‘Azad’, his father’s name is ‘Swatantrata’ (Freedom) and his place of residence is ‘Jail’.

After this incident “Azad” became the title of his name and his name became popularly known as ‘Chandrasekhar Azad’ from Chandrashekhar Tiwari.

family and influence

Azad’s ancestors were originally residents of Badarka village which is situated in Kanpur, and these days is situated on Rae Bareli Road in Unnao district. He was born on 23 July 1906 in Bahra village of Alirajpur district of Madhya Pradesh. His mother’s name was Jagrani Devi Tiwari, who was Sitaram Tiwari’s third wife.

His family earlier lived in Badarka village of Kanpur, but after the birth of his first child Sukhdev (Azad’s elder brother), his family moved to Alirajpur.

Chandrashekhar Azad’s mother wanted him to become a Sanskrit scholar. For this reason, he had sent him to Banaras, which is presently in Varanasi’s Kashi Vidyapeeth. In 1921, when he was studying in Varanasi, Gandhiji started the non-cooperation movement and appealed to the youth to participate in it in large numbers.

Azad was greatly influenced by this movement and he participated in it with full zeal and enthusiasm. He also had to go to jail for actively participating in this movement. When Gandhiji announced the end of the non-cooperation movement in the wake of the Chauri-Chaura incident in 1922, Chandrashekhar Azad was not happy and from there he decided to adopt a revolutionary approach.

revolutionary activities

After the end of the non-cooperation movement, Chandrashekhar Azad came in contact with Ram Prasad Bismil, the founder of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), which was involved in revolutionary activities. Later on H.R.A. Changed in the name of Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA).

Chandrashekhar Azad was involved in revolutionary activities against many rules of British rule. He was the main accused in the Kakori train robbery in which the treasury of the British government was being taken. Which is the HRA of the money being taken by the British. was looted to fund revolutionary activities.

He was also involved in an attempt to blow up a train carrying Lord Irwin, the Viceroy of India, but the train derailed and the Viceroy was injured and unconscious.

Chandrashekhar Azad, along with Bhagat Singh and Rajguru, was also involved in the murder of John Saunders, a probationary police officer in Lahore, which is in Pakistan these days. This conspiracy was hatched to avenge the murder of Lala Lajpat Rai by the police.

death and inheritance

Azad died on 27 February 1931 at Alfred Park in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh. After independence its name was changed to ‘Azad Park’. One day Azad and one of his companions Sukhdev Raj were hiding in the park. An old accomplished accomplice betrayed and he informed the police.

Azad, hiding behind a tree, started responding to the police with his Colt pistol. He drove Sukhdev Raj away from there. When he had only one bullet left, Azad shot himself and died.

To free his nation from the British rule, he led a life like a national servant. There were very few people who were as courageous and fearless as Chandrashekhar Azad.

চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ ভারতীয় বিপ্লবীদের মধ্যে একটি খুব বিখ্যাত নাম, যিনি তার মাতৃভূমির স্বাধীনতার জন্য সর্বস্ব উৎসর্গ করেছিলেন। এখানে নীচের প্রবন্ধে, আমরা চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদের জীবনের সংগ্রাম এবং আরও অনেক মজার তথ্য নিয়ে আলোচনা করব।

চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদের ছোট ও দীর্ঘ প্রবন্ধ

প্রবন্ধ 1 (250 শব্দ) – চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ: একজন বিপ্লবী.

চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ ভারতে জন্মগ্রহণকারী একজন সাহসী এবং বিপ্লবী ব্যক্তি ছিলেন, যিনি তাঁর বিপ্লবী কর্মকাণ্ডের জন্য সর্বদা স্মরণ করেন। তার দুঃসাহসিক কার্যকলাপের কারণে, তিনি ভারতীয় তরুণদের মধ্যে একজন নায়ক হিসাবে পরিচিত। তার নামের সাথে সত্য, ব্রিটিশ সাম্রাজ্যের বিরুদ্ধে বহু বিপ্লবী কর্মকাণ্ডের পরেও ব্রিটিশরা তাকে ধরতে পারেনি।

তার বিপ্লবী কর্মকান্ডের দিকে এক নজর

চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ হিন্দুস্তান রিপাবলিকান অ্যাসোসিয়েশন (HRA) এর সাথে যুক্ত ছিলেন, যেটি 1928 সালে হিন্দুস্তান সোশ্যালিস্ট রিপাবলিকান অ্যাসোসিয়েশন (HSRA) নামে পরিচিত হয়েছিল। উভয় সংগঠনই ব্রিটিশ শাসনের বিরুদ্ধে বিপ্লবী কর্মকাণ্ডে অংশ নিয়েছিল এবং চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদকে সবসময় সেই কর্মকাণ্ডে এগিয়ে থাকতে হবে। চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদের সাথে সম্পর্কিত কিছু গুরুত্বপূর্ণ কার্যকলাপ নীচে প্রদর্শিত হল-

কাকোরী ট্রেন ডাকাতি

চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ এবং হিন্দুস্তান রিপাবলিকান অ্যাসোসিয়েশনের (এইচআরএ) অন্যান্য সহযোগীদের দ্বারা লখনউয়ের কাছে কাকোরিতে 9 আগস্ট 1925 সালে ট্রেন ডাকাতির এই ঘটনাটি ঘটেছিল। এই অনুষ্ঠানের মূল উদ্দেশ্য ছিল সংঘের বিপ্লবী কর্মকাণ্ডে অর্থায়ন করা।

• ভাইসরয়ের ট্রেন উড়িয়ে দেওয়া হয়

চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ 23 ডিসেম্বর 1926 সালে ভাইসরয় লর্ড আরউইনকে বহনকারী ট্রেনে বোমা হামলায় জড়িত ছিলেন। তবে এই ঘটনায় ট্রেন লাইনচ্যুত হয় এবং ভাইসরয় অজ্ঞান হয়ে পড়েন।

• সন্ডার্স হত্যা

লালা লাজপত রায়ের হত্যার প্রতিশোধ নিতে 1928 সালের 17 ডিসেম্বর প্রবেশনারি পুলিশ অফিসার জন সন্ডার্সের হত্যার সাথে ভগত সিং এবং রাজগুরুর সাথে চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদও জড়িত ছিলেন।

এলাহাবাদের আজাদ পার্কে চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ লুকিয়ে থাকার খবর পেয়ে পুলিশ একাই তার সঙ্গে সংঘর্ষে জড়িয়ে পড়ে। প্রতিশোধমূলক পদক্ষেপে, সে পুলিশের উপর গুলি চালায় কিন্তু শেষ বুলেটে সে আত্মহত্যা করে, কারণ সে কোনো অবস্থাতেই পুলিশের হাতে ধরা পড়েনি।

তিনি তার নাম অনুসারে ‘আজাদ’ মারা যান। তিনি ব্রিটিশ সরকারের অমানবিকভাবে দখলদারিত্ব এবং জনগণের প্রতি অন্যায় আচরণের তীব্র বিরোধী ছিলেন।

রচনা 2 (400 শব্দ) – আজাদ: একজন তরুণ বিপ্লবী

ভারতের স্বাধীনতা সংগ্রামে চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদের নাম কোনো পরিচয়ের প্রয়োজন নেই। ভারতীয় বিপ্লবীদের তালিকায় এটি একটি সুপরিচিত এবং সম্মানিত নাম। অল্প বয়সে তার সাহস এবং নির্ভীকতা তাকে ভারতের যুবকদের মধ্যে খুব জনপ্রিয় করে তোলে।

আজাদ – একজন তরুণ বিপ্লবী

খুব অল্প বয়সেই আজাদ ব্রিটিশ বিরোধী আন্দোলনে অংশগ্রহণের জন্য অনুপ্রাণিত হন। তিনি যখন কাশী বিদ্যাপীঠ বারাণসীতে অধ্যয়ন করছিলেন তখন তাঁর বয়স ছিল মাত্র 15 বছর, তখন তিনি মহাত্মা গান্ধী কর্তৃক শুরু হওয়া অসহযোগ আন্দোলনে সক্রিয়ভাবে অংশগ্রহণ করেছিলেন। তিনিই ছিলেন সর্বকনিষ্ঠ আন্দোলনকারী যিনি অসহযোগ আন্দোলনে অংশগ্রহণের জন্য জেল খেটেছিলেন।

মাত্র 15 বছর বয়সী, একজন যুবকের পক্ষে স্বাধীনতা আন্দোলনে অংশ নেওয়ার পক্ষে খুব কম, কিন্তু আজাদ ভারতকে স্বাধীন করার জন্য এই যুদ্ধ করেছিলেন। চৌরি-চৌরা ঘটনার পর, যখন মহাত্মা গান্ধী 1922 সালে অসহযোগ আন্দোলন শেষ করার সিদ্ধান্ত নেন, তখন আজাদ এই সিদ্ধান্তে খুশি ছিলেন না।

এইচআরএ এবং HSRA। সমর্থন

1922 সালে গান্ধী অসহযোগ আন্দোলন শেষ করার পর, আজাদ রাম প্রসাদ বিসমিলের সংস্পর্শে আসেন, যিনি হিন্দুস্তান রিপাবলিকান অ্যাসোসিয়েশন (এইচআরএ) প্রতিষ্ঠা করেছিলেন, যা বিপ্লবী কার্যকলাপের সাথে জড়িত একটি সংগঠন।

চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদকে মতিলাল নেহরুর মতো অনেক অদম্য নেতার দ্বারা সমর্থিত ছিল যারা নিয়মিত H.R.A-তে যোগ দিতেন। অর্থ সহায়তার জন্য দেওয়া হয়েছিল তিনি সেই দিনগুলিতে অনেক কংগ্রেস নেতাদের দ্বারাও সমর্থন করেছিলেন, বিশেষত যখন তিনি পন্ডিত হরিশঙ্কর ব্রহ্মচারী নামে একটি পরিবর্তিত পরিচয় নিয়ে এই দিনগুলিতে উত্তর প্রদেশের ঝাঁসির কাছে অবস্থিত ইউনাইটেড প্রভিন্সে বসবাস করছিলেন।

6 বছরের মধ্যে, চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ ভগত সিং, আসফাকুল্লাহ খান, সুখদেব থাপার এবং জগদীশ চন্দ্র চ্যাটার্জির সাথে হিন্দুস্তান সোশ্যালিস্ট রিপাবলিকান অ্যাসোসিয়েশন (HSRA) ইনস্টিটিউট গঠন করেন। 

1925 সালের 9 আগস্ট কাকোরি ট্রেন ডাকাতির ঘটনার ষড়যন্ত্র কাকোরি এবং লখনউয়ের মধ্যে সম্পাদিত হয়েছিল। রামপ্রসাদ বিসমিল এবং আশফাকউল্লাহ খানের সহযোগিতায়, H.R.A. সংগঠনের কার্যক্রমে অর্থায়ন ও সংগঠনের জন্য অস্ত্র কেনার উদ্দেশ্যে লুটপাট করা হয়।

সরকারি কোষাগারের টাকা বহনকারী এই ট্রেনটিকে বিসমিল, আশফাকুল্লাহ খান, রাজেন্দ্র লাহিড়ী এবং এইচআরএ ডেকেছিলেন। ডাকাত দলের অন্য সদস্যরা ট্রেন ছিনতাই করেছিল। তারা গার্ডের কোচে উপস্থিত এক লাখ টাকা ছিনতাই করেছে।

বিশ্বাসঘাতকতা এবং মৃত্যু

27 ফেব্রুয়ারি 1931, যখন আজাদ এলাহাবাদের আজাদ পার্কে লুকিয়ে ছিলেন। বীরভদ্র তিওয়ারি নামে এক পুরানো বন্ধু পুলিশের ইনফরমার হয়ে পুলিশকে আজাদ সেখানে থাকার কথা জানায়। পুলিশের সাথে লড়াই করার সময়, আজাদ তার কোল্ট পিস্তল দিয়ে গুলি চালায়, কিন্তু যখন একটি মাত্র গুলি ছিল, তখন সে নিজেকে গুলি করে।

আজাদ তার সঙ্গীদের বলতেন যে সে কখনই ধরা পড়বে না এবং সর্বদা মুক্ত থাকবে। প্রকৃতপক্ষে, তাকে গ্রেপ্তার করা হলে সে তার সাথে একটি অতিরিক্ত বুলেট বহন করত, যাতে সে আত্মহত্যা করতে পারে।

প্রবন্ধ 3 (600 শব্দ) – চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ: পারিবারিক এবং বিপ্লবী কার্যকলাপ

চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ বা কেবল ‘আজাদ’ নামে পরিচিত, তিনি ছিলেন একজন ভারতীয় বিপ্লবী যিনি অন্যান্য বিপ্লবীদের যেমন সরদার ভগৎ সিং, রাম প্রসাদ বিসমিল, আশফাকুল্লাহ খান এবং অন্যান্য সকলের সমসাময়িক ছিলেন। ভারত থেকে ব্রিটিশ শাসন উচ্ছেদ করার জন্য তিনি বহু বিপ্লবী কর্মকাণ্ডে অংশ নেন।

আজাদ – দ্য ফ্রি

একটি ছোট কিন্তু খুব মজার ঘটনা আছে, যখন তার জন্মের নাম ছিল চন্দ্রশেখর তিওয়ারি এবং তিনি তার নামের সাথে ‘আজাদ’ নামটি যোগ করেন এবং তিনি চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ হন। 

মাত্র ১৫ বছর বয়সে অসহযোগ আন্দোলনে অংশগ্রহণের জন্য আজাদ কারাবরণ করেন। একটি যুবককে ম্যাজিস্ট্রেটের সামনে হাজির করে তার সম্পর্কে জিজ্ঞাসা করা হলে সে বলে, আমার নাম ‘আজাদ’, তার বাবার নাম ‘স্বতন্ত্রতা’ (স্বাধীনতা) এবং তার থাকার জায়গা ‘জেল’।

এই ঘটনার পর তার নামের উপাধি “আজাদ” হয়ে যায় এবং চন্দ্রশেখর তিওয়ারি থেকে তার নাম ‘চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ’ নামে পরিচিতি লাভ করে।

পরিবার এবং প্রভাব

আজাদের পূর্বপুরুষরা মূলত কানপুরে অবস্থিত বদরকা গ্রামের বাসিন্দা এবং এখন উন্নাও জেলার রায়বেরেলি রোডে অবস্থিত। তিনি 23 জুলাই 1906 সালে মধ্যপ্রদেশের আলীরাজপুর জেলার বাহরা গ্রামে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন। তাঁর মায়ের নাম জাগরণী দেবী তিওয়ারি, যিনি ছিলেন সীতারাম তিওয়ারীর তৃতীয় স্ত্রী।

তার পরিবার আগে কানপুরের বদরকা গ্রামে বাস করত, কিন্তু তার প্রথম সন্তান সুখদেবের (আজাদের বড় ভাই) জন্মের পর তার পরিবার আলিরাজপুরে চলে আসে।

চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদের মা চেয়েছিলেন তিনি সংস্কৃত পণ্ডিত হন। এই কারণে, তিনি তাকে বানারসে পাঠিয়েছিলেন, যা বর্তমানে বারাণসীর কাশী বিদ্যাপীঠে রয়েছে। 1921 সালে, যখন তিনি বারাণসীতে অধ্যয়ন করছিলেন, তখন গান্ধীজি অসহযোগ আন্দোলন শুরু করেছিলেন এবং যুবকদেরকে এতে প্রচুর পরিমাণে অংশগ্রহণের জন্য আবেদন করেছিলেন।

আজাদ এই আন্দোলন দ্বারা ব্যাপকভাবে প্রভাবিত হন এবং তিনি পূর্ণ উদ্যম ও উদ্দীপনার সাথে এতে অংশগ্রহণ করেন। এই আন্দোলনে সক্রিয়ভাবে অংশগ্রহণের জন্য তাকে জেলও যেতে হয়েছে। 1922 সালে চৌরি-চৌরা ঘটনার পরিপ্রেক্ষিতে গান্ধীজি যখন অসহযোগ আন্দোলনের সমাপ্তি ঘোষণা করেন, তখন চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ খুশি হননি এবং সেখান থেকে তিনি একটি বিপ্লবী পন্থা অবলম্বন করার সিদ্ধান্ত নেন।

বিপ্লবী কার্যক্রম

অসহযোগ আন্দোলনের সমাপ্তির পর, চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ বিপ্লবী কর্মকাণ্ডে জড়িত হিন্দুস্তান রিপাবলিকান অ্যাসোসিয়েশনের (এইচআরএ) প্রতিষ্ঠাতা রাম প্রসাদ বিসমিলের সংস্পর্শে আসেন। পরে H.R.A. হিন্দুস্তান সোশ্যালিস্ট রিপাবলিকান অ্যাসোসিয়েশন (HSRA) নামে পরিবর্তন করা হয়েছে।

চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ ব্রিটিশ শাসনের অনেক নিয়মের বিরুদ্ধে বিপ্লবী কর্মকাণ্ডে জড়িত ছিলেন। ব্রিটিশ সরকারের কোষাগার যে কাকোরি ট্রেন ডাকাতির ঘটনায় তিনি প্রধান আসামি ছিলেন। যা বৃটিশদের কাছ থেকে নেওয়া অর্থের এইচআরএ। বিপ্লবী কর্মকান্ডের অর্থায়নে লুটপাট করা হয়েছিল।

তিনি ভারতের ভাইসরয় লর্ড আরউইনকে বহনকারী একটি ট্রেনকে উড়িয়ে দেওয়ার চেষ্টায়ও জড়িত ছিলেন, কিন্তু ট্রেন লাইনচ্যুত হয় এবং ভাইসরয় আহত ও অজ্ঞান হয়ে পড়েন।

চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদ, ভগত সিং এবং রাজগুরুর সাথে, লাহোরে একজন প্রবেশনারি পুলিশ অফিসার জন সন্ডার্সকে হত্যার সাথে জড়িত ছিলেন, যা এই দিনগুলিতে পাকিস্তানে রয়েছে। পুলিশ কর্তৃক লালা লাজপত রায়ের হত্যার প্রতিশোধ নিতে এই ষড়যন্ত্র করা হয়েছিল।

মৃত্যু এবং উত্তরাধিকার

আজাদ ১৯৩১ সালের ২৭ ফেব্রুয়ারি উত্তর প্রদেশের এলাহাবাদের আলফ্রেড পার্কে মারা যান। স্বাধীনতার পর এর নাম পরিবর্তন করে রাখা হয় ‘আজাদ পার্ক’। একদিন পার্কে আজাদ ও তার এক সঙ্গী সুখদেব রাজ লুকিয়ে ছিল। একজন পুরানো দক্ষ সঙ্গী বিশ্বাসঘাতকতা করে এবং সে পুলিশকে জানায়।

আজাদ একটি গাছের আড়ালে লুকিয়ে তার কোল্ট পিস্তল নিয়ে পুলিশের জবাব দিতে থাকে। তিনি সুখদেব রাজকে সেখান থেকে তাড়িয়ে দেন। যখন তার একটি মাত্র গুলি বাকি ছিল, তখন আজাদ নিজেকে গুলি করে মারা যান।

ব্রিটিশ শাসন থেকে জাতিকে মুক্ত করতে তিনি একজন জাতীয় সেবকের মতো জীবনযাপন করেছিলেন। চন্দ্রশেখর আজাদের মতো সাহসী ও নির্ভীক মানুষ খুব কমই ছিল।

ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ ભારતીય ક્રાંતિકારીઓમાં એક ખૂબ જ પ્રખ્યાત નામ છે, જેમણે પોતાની માતૃભૂમિની આઝાદી માટે સર્વસ્વ બલિદાન આપ્યું હતું. અહીં નીચે આપેલા નિબંધમાં, આપણે ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદના જીવનના સંઘર્ષ અને અન્ય ઘણા રસપ્રદ તથ્યો વિશે ચર્ચા કરીશું.

ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ પર ટૂંકા અને લાંબા નિબંધો

નિબંધ 1 (250 શબ્દો) – ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ: એક ક્રાંતિકારી.

ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ ભારતમાં જન્મેલા એક બહાદુર અને ક્રાંતિકારી વ્યક્તિ હતા, જેમને તેમની ક્રાંતિકારી પ્રવૃત્તિઓ માટે હંમેશા યાદ કરવામાં આવે છે. તેમની સાહસિક પ્રવૃત્તિઓના કારણે તેઓ ભારતીય યુવાનોમાં હીરો તરીકે ઓળખાય છે. તેમના નામ પ્રમાણે, બ્રિટિશ સામ્રાજ્ય વિરુદ્ધ કરવામાં આવેલી ઘણી ક્રાંતિકારી પ્રવૃત્તિઓ પછી પણ, અંગ્રેજો તેમને ક્યારેય પકડી શક્યા નહીં.

તેમની ક્રાંતિકારી પ્રવૃત્તિઓ પર એક નજર

ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ હિન્દુસ્તાન રિપબ્લિકન એસોસિએશન (HRA) સાથે સંકળાયેલા હતા, જે 1928માં હિન્દુસ્તાન સોશ્યલિસ્ટ રિપબ્લિકન એસોસિએશન (HSRA) તરીકે ઓળખાય છે. બંને સંસ્થાઓએ અંગ્રેજ શાસન વિરુદ્ધ ક્રાંતિકારી પ્રવૃત્તિઓમાં ભાગ લીધો હતો અને ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદે તે પ્રવૃત્તિઓમાં હંમેશા આગળ રહેવું જોઈએ. ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદને લગતી કેટલીક મહત્વપૂર્ણ પ્રવૃત્તિઓ નીચે દર્શાવવામાં આવી છે –

કાકોરી ટ્રેન લૂંટ

ટ્રેન લૂંટની આ ઘટના 9 ઓગસ્ટ 1925ના રોજ લખનૌ નજીક કાકોરીમાં ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ અને હિન્દુસ્તાન રિપબ્લિકન એસોસિએશન (HRA)ના અન્ય સહયોગીઓ દ્વારા કરવામાં આવી હતી. આ કાર્યક્રમનો મુખ્ય ઉદ્દેશ્ય સંઘની ક્રાંતિકારી પ્રવૃત્તિઓ માટે નાણાં પૂરો પાડવાનો હતો.

• વાઈસરોયની ટ્રેન ઉડાવી

ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ 23 ડિસેમ્બર 1926ના રોજ વાઈસરોય લોર્ડ ઈર્વિનને લઈ જતી ટ્રેનમાં બોમ્બ વિસ્ફોટમાં પણ સામેલ હતા. જોકે, આ ઘટનામાં ટ્રેન પાટા પરથી ઉતરી ગઈ હતી અને વાઈસરોય બેભાન થઈ ગયા હતા.

• સોન્ડર્સની હત્યા

લાલા લજપત રાયની હત્યાનો બદલો લેવા માટે 17 ડિસેમ્બર 1928ના રોજ પ્રોબેશનરી પોલીસ ઓફિસર જોન સોન્ડર્સની હત્યામાં ભગત સિંહ અને રાજગુરુ સાથે ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ પણ સામેલ હતા.

જ્યારે પોલીસને ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ અલ્હાબાદના આઝાદ પાર્કમાં છુપાયો હોવાની માહિતી મળી તો તેણે તેની સાથે એકલા હાથે અથડામણ કરી. જવાબી કાર્યવાહીમાં, તેણે પોલીસ પર ગોળીબાર કર્યો, પરંતુ છેલ્લી ગોળીથી તેણે આત્મહત્યા કરી લીધી, કારણ કે તેણે કોઈ પણ સંજોગોમાં પોલીસ દ્વારા પકડવાનું સ્વીકાર્યું ન હતું.

તેઓ તેમના નામ પ્રમાણે ‘આઝાદ’ મૃત્યુ પામ્યા. તેઓ બ્રિટિશ સરકાર દ્વારા કબજાની અમાનવીય રીત અને લોકો સાથે અન્યાયી વર્તનનો સખત વિરોધ કરતા હતા.

નિબંધ 2 (400 શબ્દો) – આઝાદ: એક યુવા ક્રાંતિકારી

ભારતીય સ્વાતંત્ર્ય સંગ્રામની લડાઈમાં ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદનું નામ કોઈ પરિચયની જરૂર નથી. ભારતીય ક્રાંતિકારીઓની યાદીમાં તે જાણીતું અને આદરણીય નામ છે. નાની ઉંમરમાં તેમની હિંમત અને નિર્ભયતાએ તેમને ભારતના યુવાનોમાં ખૂબ લોકપ્રિય બનાવ્યા.

આઝાદ – એક યુવા ક્રાંતિકારી

ખૂબ જ નાની ઉંમરે, આઝાદને બ્રિટિશ વિરોધી ચળવળોમાં ભાગ લેવાની પ્રેરણા મળી. તેઓ માત્ર 15 વર્ષના હતા જ્યારે તેઓ કાશી વિદ્યાપીઠ વારાણસીમાં અભ્યાસ કરતા હતા, ત્યારબાદ તેમણે મહાત્મા ગાંધી દ્વારા ચલાવવામાં આવેલા અસહકાર આંદોલનમાં સક્રિયપણે ભાગ લીધો હતો. અસહકાર ચળવળમાં ભાગ લેવા બદલ જેલમાં જનારા તેઓ સૌથી યુવા આંદોલનકારી હતા.

માત્ર 15 વર્ષની ઉંમર, એક યુવાન માટે આઝાદીની ચળવળમાં ભાગ લેવા માટે ખૂબ નાનો હતો, પરંતુ આઝાદે ભારતને સ્વતંત્ર બનાવવા માટે આ લડાઈ લડી હતી. ચૌરી-ચૌરાની ઘટના પછી, જ્યારે મહાત્મા ગાંધીએ 1922માં અસહકાર ચળવળનો અંત લાવવાનો નિર્ણય કર્યો, ત્યારે આઝાદ આ નિર્ણયથી ખુશ ન હતા.

એચઆરએ અને HSRA. માટે આધાર

ગાંધીજીએ 1922 માં અસહકાર ચળવળનો અંત લાવ્યો તે પછી, આઝાદ રામ પ્રસાદ બિસ્મિલના સંપર્કમાં આવ્યા, જેમણે હિન્દુસ્તાન રિપબ્લિકન એસોસિએશન (HRA) ની સ્થાપના કરી, જે ક્રાંતિકારી પ્રવૃત્તિઓ સાથે સંકળાયેલી સંસ્થા છે.

ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદને મોતીલાલ નેહરુ જેવા ઘણા દિગ્ગજ નેતાઓએ ટેકો આપ્યો હતો જેઓ નિયમિતપણે H.R.A. સહાય માટે નાણાં આપવામાં આવ્યા હતા તેમને તે દિવસોમાં કોંગ્રેસના ઘણા નેતાઓએ પણ ટેકો આપ્યો હતો, ખાસ કરીને જ્યારે તેઓ પંડિત હરિશંકર બ્રહ્મચારી નામની બદલાયેલી ઓળખ સાથે આ દિવસોમાં ઉત્તર પ્રદેશમાં ઝાંસી નજીક આવેલા સંયુક્ત પ્રાંતમાં રહેતા હતા.

6 વર્ષની અંદર, ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદે ભગત સિંહ, અસ્ફાકુલ્લા ખાન, સુખદેવ થાપર અને જગદીશ ચંદ્ર ચેટરજી સાથે મળીને હિન્દુસ્તાન સોશ્યલિસ્ટ રિપબ્લિકન એસોસિએશન (HSRA) સંસ્થાની રચના કરી. 

9 ઓગસ્ટ 1925ના રોજ કાકોરી ટ્રેન લૂંટની ઘટનાનું ષડયંત્ર કાકોરી અને લખનૌ વચ્ચે અંજામ આપવામાં આવ્યું હતું. રામપ્રસાદ બિસ્મિલ અને અશફાકુલ્લા ખાનના સહયોગથી, H.R.A. સંસ્થાની પ્રવૃતિઓને ફંડ આપવા અને સંસ્થા માટે હથિયાર ખરીદવાના ઈરાદે લૂંટ કરવામાં આવી હતી.

સરકારી તિજોરી માટે નાણાં વહન કરતી આ ટ્રેનને બિસ્મિલ, અશફાકુલ્લા ખાન, રાજેન્દ્ર લહેરી અને એચ.આર.એ. ગેંગના અન્ય સભ્યોએ ટ્રેન લૂંટી હતી. તેઓએ ગાર્ડના કોચમાં હાજર એક લાખ રૂપિયાની લૂંટ ચલાવી હતી.

વિશ્વાસઘાત અને મૃત્યુ

27 ફેબ્રુઆરી 1931ના રોજ જ્યારે આઝાદ અલ્હાબાદના આઝાદ પાર્કમાં છુપાયો હતો. વીરભદ્ર તિવારી નામનો જૂનો મિત્ર પોલીસ ઈન્ફોર્મર બન્યો અને તેણે પોલીસને આઝાદ ત્યાં હોવા અંગે જાણ કરી. પોલીસ સાથે લડતી વખતે, આઝાદે તેની કોલ્ટ પિસ્તોલથી ગોળીબાર કર્યો, પરંતુ જ્યારે તેમાં માત્ર એક જ ગોળી બચી ત્યારે તેણે પોતાને ગોળી મારી દીધી.

આઝાદ તેના સાથીઓને કહેતો હતો કે તે ક્યારેય પકડાશે નહીં અને હંમેશા મુક્ત રહેશે. હકીકતમાં, જ્યારે તેની ધરપકડ કરવામાં આવે તો તે તેની સાથે વધારાની ગોળી રાખતો હતો, જેથી તે આત્મહત્યા કરી શકે.

નિબંધ 3 (600 શબ્દો) – ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ: કૌટુંબિક અને ક્રાંતિકારી પ્રવૃત્તિ

ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ અથવા ફક્ત ‘આઝાદ’ તરીકે ઓળખાતા, તે એક ભારતીય ક્રાંતિકારી હતા જેઓ સરદાર ભગત સિંહ, રામ પ્રસાદ બિસ્મિલ, અશફાકુલ્લા ખાન અને અન્ય તમામ ક્રાંતિકારીઓના સમકાલીન હતા. તેમણે ભારતમાંથી બ્રિટિશ શાસનને બહાર લાવવા માટે ઘણી ક્રાંતિકારી પ્રવૃત્તિઓમાં ભાગ લીધો હતો.

આઝાદ – ધ ફ્રી

એક નાની પણ ખૂબ જ રસપ્રદ ઘટના છે, જ્યારે તેમનું જન્મનું નામ ચંદ્રશેખર તિવારી હતું અને તેમણે તેમના નામમાં ‘આઝાદ’ નામ ઉમેર્યું અને તેઓ ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ બન્યા. 

માત્ર 15 વર્ષની ઉંમરે, આઝાદને અસહકાર ચળવળમાં ભાગ લેવા બદલ જેલવાસ કરવામાં આવ્યો હતો. જ્યારે એક યુવાન છોકરાને મેજિસ્ટ્રેટ સમક્ષ હાજર કરવામાં આવ્યો અને તેના વિશે પૂછવામાં આવ્યું ત્યારે તેણે કહ્યું કે મારું નામ ‘આઝાદ’ છે, તેના પિતાનું નામ ‘સ્વતંત્રતા’ (સ્વતંત્રતા) છે અને તેનું રહેઠાણ ‘જેલ’ છે.

આ ઘટના પછી તેમના નામનું બિરુદ “આઝાદ” બની ગયું અને તેમનું નામ ચંદ્રશેખર તિવારી પરથી ‘ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ’ તરીકે પ્રચલિત થયું.

કુટુંબ અને પ્રભાવ

આઝાદના પૂર્વજો મૂળ બદરકા ગામના રહેવાસી હતા, જે કાનપુરમાં સ્થિત છે અને હવે ઉન્નાવ જિલ્લામાં રાયબરેલી રોડ પર સ્થિત છે. તેમનો જન્મ 23 જુલાઈ 1906ના રોજ મધ્યપ્રદેશના અલીરાજપુર જિલ્લાના બાહરા ગામમાં થયો હતો. તેમની માતાનું નામ જાગરાણી દેવી તિવારી હતું, જે સીતારામ તિવારીની ત્રીજી પત્ની હતી.

તેમનો પરિવાર પહેલા કાનપુરના બદરકા ગામમાં રહેતો હતો, પરંતુ તેમના પ્રથમ બાળક સુખદેવ (આઝાદના મોટા ભાઈ) ના જન્મ પછી તેમનો પરિવાર અલીરાજપુર રહેવા ગયો.

ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદની માતા ઈચ્છતી હતી કે તેઓ સંસ્કૃત વિદ્વાન બને. આ કારણોસર, તેણે તેને બનારસ મોકલ્યો હતો, જે હાલમાં વારાણસીની કાશી વિદ્યાપીઠમાં છે. 1921 માં, જ્યારે તેઓ વારાણસીમાં અભ્યાસ કરતા હતા, ત્યારે ગાંધીજીએ અસહકાર ચળવળ શરૂ કરી અને યુવાનોને તેમાં મોટી સંખ્યામાં ભાગ લેવાની અપીલ કરી.

આઝાદ આ ચળવળથી ખૂબ પ્રભાવિત થયા હતા અને તેમણે પૂરા જોશ અને ઉત્સાહથી તેમાં ભાગ લીધો હતો. આ ચળવળમાં સક્રિય ભાગ લેવા બદલ તેમને જેલ પણ જવું પડ્યું હતું. 1922માં ચૌરી-ચૌરાની ઘટનાને પગલે ગાંધીજીએ અસહકાર ચળવળના અંતની જાહેરાત કરી ત્યારે ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ ખુશ ન હતા અને ત્યાંથી તેમણે ક્રાંતિકારી અભિગમ અપનાવવાનું નક્કી કર્યું.

ક્રાંતિકારી પ્રવૃત્તિઓ

અસહકાર ચળવળના અંત પછી, ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ હિન્દુસ્તાન રિપબ્લિકન એસોસિએશન (HRA) ના સ્થાપક રામ પ્રસાદ બિસ્મિલના સંપર્કમાં આવ્યા, જે ક્રાંતિકારી પ્રવૃત્તિઓમાં સામેલ હતા. પાછળથી H.R.A. હિન્દુસ્તાન સોશ્યલિસ્ટ રિપબ્લિકન એસોસિએશન (HSRA) ના નામમાં ફેરફાર.

ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ બ્રિટિશ શાસનના ઘણા નિયમો વિરુદ્ધ ક્રાંતિકારી પ્રવૃત્તિઓમાં સામેલ હતા. તે કાકોરી ટ્રેન લૂંટનો મુખ્ય આરોપી હતો જેમાં બ્રિટિશ સરકારની તિજોરી લેવામાં આવી રહી હતી. જે અંગ્રેજો દ્વારા લેવામાં આવતા પૈસા માટે HRA છે. ક્રાંતિકારી પ્રવૃત્તિઓને ભંડોળ આપવા માટે લૂંટવામાં આવી હતી.

ભારતના વાઈસરોય લોર્ડ ઈર્વિનને લઈ જતી ટ્રેનને ઉડાવી દેવાના પ્રયાસમાં પણ તે સામેલ હતો, પરંતુ ટ્રેન પાટા પરથી ઉતરી ગઈ અને વાઈસરોય ઘાયલ અને બેભાન થઈ ગયા.

ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ, ભગત સિંહ અને રાજગુરુ સાથે, લાહોરમાં પ્રોબેશનરી પોલીસ ઓફિસર જોન સોન્ડર્સની હત્યામાં પણ સામેલ હતા, જે આ દિવસોમાં પાકિસ્તાનમાં છે. પોલીસ દ્વારા લાલા લજપત રાયની હત્યાનો બદલો લેવા માટે આ કાવતરું ઘડવામાં આવ્યું હતું.

મૃત્યુ અને વારસો

આઝાદનું અવસાન 27 ફેબ્રુઆરી 1931ના રોજ ઉત્તર પ્રદેશના અલ્હાબાદમાં આલ્ફ્રેડ પાર્કમાં થયું હતું. આઝાદી બાદ તેનું નામ બદલીને ‘આઝાદ પાર્ક’ રાખવામાં આવ્યું. એક દિવસ પાર્કમાં આઝાદ અને તેનો એક સાથી સુખદેવ રાજ પાર્કમાં છુપાયેલા હતા. જૂના કુશળ સાથીદારે દગો કર્યો અને તેણે પોલીસને જાણ કરી.

આઝાદ એક ઝાડ પાછળ સંતાઈ ગયો અને તેની કોલ્ટ પિસ્તોલથી પોલીસને જવાબ આપવા લાગ્યો. તેણે સુખદેવ રાજને ત્યાંથી ભગાડી દીધો. જ્યારે તેની પાસે માત્ર એક જ ગોળી બચી હતી, ત્યારે આઝાદે પોતાને ગોળી મારી અને તેનું મૃત્યુ થયું.

પોતાના રાષ્ટ્રને અંગ્રેજોના શાસનમાંથી મુક્ત કરવા માટે, તેમણે રાષ્ટ્ર સેવક જેવું જીવન જીવ્યું. ચંદ્રશેખર આઝાદ જેવા હિંમતવાન અને નિર્ભય લોકો બહુ ઓછા હતા.

ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ ಆಜಾದ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಬಹಳ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧವಾದ ಹೆಸರು, ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಮಾತೃಭೂಮಿಯ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಎಲ್ಲವನ್ನೂ ತ್ಯಾಗ ಮಾಡಿದರು. ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಕೆಳಗೆ ನೀಡಲಾದ ಪ್ರಬಂಧದಲ್ಲಿ, ನಾವು ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರ ಜೀವನದ ಹೋರಾಟ ಮತ್ತು ಇತರ ಅನೇಕ ಆಸಕ್ತಿದಾಯಕ ಸಂಗತಿಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಚರ್ಚಿಸುತ್ತೇವೆ.

ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ಕುರಿತು ಸಣ್ಣ ಮತ್ತು ದೀರ್ಘ ಪ್ರಬಂಧಗಳು

ಪ್ರಬಂಧ 1 (250 ಪದಗಳು) – ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್: ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ.

ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರು ಭಾರತದಲ್ಲಿ ಜನಿಸಿದ ಕೆಚ್ಚೆದೆಯ ಮತ್ತು ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯಾಗಿದ್ದು, ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳಿಗಾಗಿ ಯಾವಾಗಲೂ ನೆನಪಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಅವರ ಸಾಹಸಮಯ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳಿಂದಾಗಿ, ಅವರು ಭಾರತೀಯ ಯುವಕರಲ್ಲಿ ಹೀರೋ ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಅವನ ಹೆಸರಿಗೆ ತಕ್ಕಂತೆ, ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯದ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಅನೇಕ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳನ್ನು ಮಾಡಿದ ನಂತರವೂ, ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರು ಅವನನ್ನು ಹಿಡಿಯಲು ಸಾಧ್ಯವಾಗಲಿಲ್ಲ.

ಅವರ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳ ನೋಟ

ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರು ಹಿಂದೂಸ್ತಾನ್ ರಿಪಬ್ಲಿಕನ್ ಅಸೋಸಿಯೇಷನ್ ​​(HRA) ನೊಂದಿಗೆ ಸಂಬಂಧ ಹೊಂದಿದ್ದರು, ಇದು 1928 ರಲ್ಲಿ ಹಿಂದೂಸ್ತಾನ್ ಸಮಾಜವಾದಿ ರಿಪಬ್ಲಿಕನ್ ಅಸೋಸಿಯೇಷನ್ ​​(HSRA) ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯಲ್ಪಟ್ಟಿತು. ಎರಡೂ ಸಂಘಟನೆಗಳು ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರ ಆಡಳಿತದ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾಲ್ಗೊಂಡಿದ್ದು, ಆ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ ಆಜಾದ್ ಸದಾ ಮುಂದಿರಬೇಕು. ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರಿಗೆ ಸಂಬಂಧಿಸಿದ ಕೆಲವು ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳನ್ನು ಕೆಳಗೆ ಪ್ರದರ್ಶಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ –

ಕಾಕೋರಿ ರೈಲು ದರೋಡೆ

ಈ ರೈಲು ದರೋಡೆಯ ಘಟನೆಯನ್ನು 9 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1925 ರಂದು ಲಕ್ನೋ ಬಳಿಯ ಕಾಕೋರಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ಮತ್ತು ಹಿಂದೂಸ್ತಾನ್ ರಿಪಬ್ಲಿಕನ್ ಅಸೋಸಿಯೇಷನ್ ​​(HRA) ನ ಇತರ ಸಹವರ್ತಿಗಳಿಂದ ನಡೆಸಲಾಯಿತು. ಸಂಘದ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳಿಗೆ ಹಣಕಾಸು ಒದಗಿಸುವುದು ಈ ಕಾರ್ಯಕ್ರಮದ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಉದ್ದೇಶವಾಗಿತ್ತು.

• ವೈಸರಾಯ್ ರೈಲು ಸ್ಫೋಟಿಸಿತು

23 ಡಿಸೆಂಬರ್ 1926 ರಂದು ವೈಸರಾಯ್ ಲಾರ್ಡ್ ಇರ್ವಿನ್ ಪ್ರಯಾಣಿಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದ ರೈಲಿನ ಬಾಂಬ್ ಸ್ಫೋಟದಲ್ಲಿ ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ಕೂಡ ಭಾಗಿಯಾಗಿದ್ದರು. ಆದಾಗ್ಯೂ, ಈ ಘಟನೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ರೈಲು ಹಳಿತಪ್ಪಿತು ಮತ್ತು ವೈಸರಾಯ್ ಪ್ರಜ್ಞಾಹೀನರಾದರು.

• ಸೌಂಡರ್ಸ್ ಹತ್ಯೆ

ಲಾಲಾ ಲಜಪತ್ ರಾಯ್ ಅವರ ಹತ್ಯೆಗೆ ಪ್ರತೀಕಾರ ತೀರಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು 1928 ರ ಡಿಸೆಂಬರ್ 17 ರಂದು ಪ್ರೊಬೇಷನರಿ ಪೋಲೀಸ್ ಅಧಿಕಾರಿ ಜಾನ್ ಸೌಂಡರ್ಸ್ ಅವರ ಹತ್ಯೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಭಗತ್ ಸಿಂಗ್ ಮತ್ತು ರಾಜಗುರು ಜೊತೆಗೆ ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ಕೂಡ ಭಾಗಿಯಾಗಿದ್ದರು.

ಅಲಹಾಬಾದ್‌ನ ಆಜಾದ್ ಪಾರ್ಕ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿ ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ತಲೆಮರೆಸಿಕೊಂಡಿರುವ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಪೊಲೀಸರಿಗೆ ಮಾಹಿತಿ ಸಿಕ್ಕಾಗ, ಆತನೊಂದಿಗೆ ಏಕಾಂಗಿಯಾಗಿ ಘರ್ಷಣೆ ನಡೆಸಿದ್ದಾನೆ. ಪ್ರತೀಕಾರದ ಕ್ರಮವಾಗಿ, ಅವನು ಪೊಲೀಸರ ಮೇಲೆ ಗುಂಡು ಹಾರಿಸಿದನು ಆದರೆ ಕೊನೆಯ ಬುಲೆಟ್‌ನಿಂದ ಅವನು ತನ್ನನ್ನು ತಾನೇ ಕೊಂದನು, ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಅವನು ಯಾವುದೇ ಸಂದರ್ಭದಲ್ಲೂ ಪೊಲೀಸರಿಗೆ ಸಿಕ್ಕಿಬೀಳುವುದನ್ನು ಒಪ್ಪಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲಿಲ್ಲ.

ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಹೆಸರಿಗೆ ತಕ್ಕಂತೆ ‘ಆಜಾದ್’ ನಿಧನರಾದರು. ಅವರು ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಅಮಾನವೀಯ ಆಕ್ರಮಣ ಮತ್ತು ಜನರ ಅನ್ಯಾಯದ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಬಲವಾಗಿ ವಿರೋಧಿಸಿದರು.

ಪ್ರಬಂಧ 2 (400 ಪದಗಳು) – ಆಜಾದ್: ಯುವ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ

ಭಾರತದ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯ ಹೋರಾಟದ ಹೋರಾಟದಲ್ಲಿ ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರ ಹೆಸರನ್ನು ಪರಿಚಯಿಸುವ ಅಗತ್ಯವಿಲ್ಲ. ಇದು ಭಾರತೀಯ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿಗಳ ಪಟ್ಟಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ ಮತ್ತು ಗೌರವಾನ್ವಿತ ಹೆಸರು. ಚಿಕ್ಕ ವಯಸ್ಸಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಅವರ ಧೈರ್ಯ ಮತ್ತು ನಿರ್ಭಯತೆಯು ಅವರನ್ನು ಭಾರತದ ಯುವಕರಲ್ಲಿ ಬಹಳ ಜನಪ್ರಿಯಗೊಳಿಸಿತು.

ಆಜಾದ್ – ಯುವ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ

ಚಿಕ್ಕ ವಯಸ್ಸಿನಲ್ಲಿ, ಆಜಾದ್ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ವಿರೋಧಿ ಚಳುವಳಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಲು ಪ್ರೇರೇಪಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟರು. ಅವರು ಕಾಶಿ ವಿದ್ಯಾಪೀಠ ವಾರಣಾಸಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಓದುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾಗ ಕೇವಲ 15 ವರ್ಷ ವಯಸ್ಸಿನವರಾಗಿದ್ದರು, ನಂತರ ಅವರು ಮಹಾತ್ಮ ಗಾಂಧಿಯವರು ನಡೆಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದ ಅಸಹಕಾರ ಚಳವಳಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಸಕ್ರಿಯವಾಗಿ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿದರು. ಅಸಹಕಾರ ಚಳವಳಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿ ಜೈಲಿಗೆ ಹೋದ ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಕಿರಿಯ ಚಳವಳಿಗಾರ.

ಕೇವಲ 15 ವರ್ಷ, ಯುವಕನಿಗೆ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯ ಚಳುವಳಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಲು ತುಂಬಾ ಚಿಕ್ಕದಾಗಿದೆ, ಆದರೆ ಆಜಾದ್ ಭಾರತವನ್ನು ಸ್ವತಂತ್ರಗೊಳಿಸಲು ಈ ಯುದ್ಧವನ್ನು ನಡೆಸಿದರು. ಚೌರಿ-ಚೌರಾ ಘಟನೆಯ ನಂತರ, 1922 ರಲ್ಲಿ ಮಹಾತ್ಮಾ ಗಾಂಧಿಯವರು ಅಸಹಕಾರ ಚಳವಳಿಯನ್ನು ಕೊನೆಗೊಳಿಸಲು ನಿರ್ಧರಿಸಿದಾಗ, ಆಜಾದ್ ಈ ನಿರ್ಧಾರದಿಂದ ಸಂತೋಷವಾಗಲಿಲ್ಲ.

HRA ಮತ್ತು HSRA. ಗೆ ಬೆಂಬಲ

1922 ರಲ್ಲಿ ಗಾಂಧಿಯವರು ಅಸಹಕಾರ ಚಳವಳಿಯನ್ನು ಕೊನೆಗೊಳಿಸಿದ ನಂತರ, ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರು ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ತೊಡಗಿರುವ ಹಿಂದೂಸ್ತಾನ್ ರಿಪಬ್ಲಿಕನ್ ಅಸೋಸಿಯೇಷನ್ ​​(HRA) ಅನ್ನು ಸ್ಥಾಪಿಸಿದ ರಾಮ್ ಪ್ರಸಾದ್ ಬಿಸ್ಮಿಲ್ ಅವರೊಂದಿಗೆ ಸಂಪರ್ಕಕ್ಕೆ ಬಂದರು.

ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರನ್ನು ಮೋತಿಲಾಲ್ ನೆಹರು ಅವರಂತಹ ಅನೇಕ ಧೀಮಂತ ನಾಯಕರು ಬೆಂಬಲಿಸಿದರು, ಅವರು ನಿಯಮಿತವಾಗಿ ಎಚ್‌ಆರ್‌ಎಗೆ ಹಾಜರಾಗಿದ್ದರು. ಬೆಂಬಲಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಹಣವನ್ನು ನೀಡಲಾಯಿತು ಆ ದಿನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಅನೇಕ ಕಾಂಗ್ರೆಸ್ ನಾಯಕರು ಅವರನ್ನು ಬೆಂಬಲಿಸಿದರು, ವಿಶೇಷವಾಗಿ ಅವರು ಈ ದಿನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಉತ್ತರ ಪ್ರದೇಶದ ಝಾನ್ಸಿ ಬಳಿ ಇರುವ ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಪ್ರಾವಿನ್ಸ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿ ವಾಸಿಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾಗ, ಪಂಡಿತ್ ಹರಿಶಂಕರ್ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಚಾರಿ ಎಂಬ ಬದಲಾದ ಗುರುತನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿದ್ದರು.

6 ವರ್ಷಗಳಲ್ಲಿ, ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರು ಭಗತ್ ಸಿಂಗ್, ಅಸ್ಫಾಕುಲ್ಲಾ ಖಾನ್, ಸುಖದೇವ್ ಥಾಪರ್ ಮತ್ತು ಜಗದೀಶ್ ಚಂದ್ರ ಚಟರ್ಜಿ ಅವರೊಂದಿಗೆ ಹಿಂದೂಸ್ತಾನ್ ಸೋಷಿಯಲಿಸ್ಟ್ ರಿಪಬ್ಲಿಕನ್ ಅಸೋಸಿಯೇಷನ್ ​​(HSRA) ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಯನ್ನು ಸ್ಥಾಪಿಸಿದರು. 

9 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1925 ರಂದು ಕಾಕೋರಿ ರೈಲು ದರೋಡೆ ಘಟನೆಯ ಪಿತೂರಿಯನ್ನು ಕಾಕೋರಿ ಮತ್ತು ಲಕ್ನೋ ನಡುವೆ ಕಾರ್ಯಗತಗೊಳಿಸಲಾಯಿತು. ರಾಮಪ್ರಸಾದ್ ಬಿಸ್ಮಿಲ್ ಮತ್ತು ಅಶ್ಫಾಕುಲ್ಲಾ ಖಾನ್ ಅವರ ಸಹಯೋಗದಲ್ಲಿ, ಎಚ್.ಆರ್.ಎ. ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಯ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳಿಗೆ ಧನಸಹಾಯ ಮತ್ತು ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಗೆ ಶಸ್ತ್ರಾಸ್ತ್ರಗಳನ್ನು ಖರೀದಿಸುವ ಉದ್ದೇಶದಿಂದ ಅದನ್ನು ಲೂಟಿ ಮಾಡಲಾಗಿದೆ.

ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಬೊಕ್ಕಸಕ್ಕೆ ಹಣ ಸಾಗಿಸುವ ಈ ರೈಲಿಗೆ ಬಿಸ್ಮಿಲ್, ಅಶ್ಫಾಕುಲ್ಲಾ ಖಾನ್, ರಾಜೇಂದ್ರ ಲಾಹಿರಿ ಮತ್ತು ಎಚ್.ಆರ್.ಎ. ತಂಡದ ಇತರ ಸದಸ್ಯರು ರೈಲನ್ನು ದರೋಡೆ ಮಾಡಿದ್ದರು. ಗಾರ್ಡ್ ಕೋಚ್ ನಲ್ಲಿದ್ದ ಒಂದು ಲಕ್ಷ ರೂಪಾಯಿ ದೋಚಿದ್ದರು.

ದ್ರೋಹ ಮತ್ತು ಸಾವು

27 ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ 1931 ರಂದು, ಆಜಾದ್ ಅಲಹಾಬಾದ್‌ನ ಆಜಾದ್ ಪಾರ್ಕ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿ ಅಡಗಿಕೊಂಡಿದ್ದಾಗ. ವೀರಭದ್ರ ತಿವಾರಿ ಎಂಬ ಹಳೆಯ ಸ್ನೇಹಿತ ಪೊಲೀಸ್ ಇನ್ಫಾರ್ಮರ್ ಆಗಿ ಆಜಾದ್ ಅಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಪೊಲೀಸರಿಗೆ ಮಾಹಿತಿ ನೀಡಿದರು. ಪೊಲೀಸರೊಂದಿಗೆ ಹೋರಾಡುತ್ತಿರುವಾಗ, ಆಜಾದ್ ತನ್ನ ಕೋಲ್ಟ್ ಪಿಸ್ತೂಲ್‌ನಿಂದ ಗುಂಡು ಹಾರಿಸಿದನು, ಆದರೆ ಅದರಲ್ಲಿ ಒಂದೇ ಒಂದು ಗುಂಡು ಉಳಿದಿದ್ದಾಗ, ಅವನು ಸ್ವತಃ ಗುಂಡು ಹಾರಿಸಿಕೊಂಡನು.

ಆಜಾದ್ ತನ್ನ ಸಹಚರರಿಗೆ ತಾನು ಎಂದಿಗೂ ಸಿಕ್ಕಿಬೀಳುವುದಿಲ್ಲ ಮತ್ತು ಯಾವಾಗಲೂ ಮುಕ್ತನಾಗಿರುತ್ತೇನೆ ಎಂದು ಹೇಳುತ್ತಿದ್ದರು. ವಾಸ್ತವವಾಗಿ, ಅವರು ಬಂಧಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟ ಸಂದರ್ಭದಲ್ಲಿ ತನ್ನೊಂದಿಗೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚುವರಿ ಬುಲೆಟ್ ಅನ್ನು ಕೊಂಡೊಯ್ಯುತ್ತಿದ್ದರು, ಇದರಿಂದ ಅವನು ತನ್ನನ್ನು ಕೊಲ್ಲುತ್ತಾನೆ.

ಪ್ರಬಂಧ 3 (600 ಪದಗಳು) – ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್: ಕುಟುಂಬ ಮತ್ತು ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆ

ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ಅಥವಾ ಸರಳವಾಗಿ ‘ಆಜಾದ್’ ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯಲ್ಪಡುವ ಅವರು ಭಾರತೀಯ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿಯಾಗಿದ್ದು, ಅವರು ಸರ್ದಾರ್ ಭಗತ್ ಸಿಂಗ್, ರಾಮ್ ಪ್ರಸಾದ್ ಬಿಸ್ಮಿಲ್, ಅಶ್ಫಾಕುಲ್ಲಾ ಖಾನ್ ಮತ್ತು ಇತರ ಎಲ್ಲ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿಗಳ ಸಮಕಾಲೀನರಾಗಿದ್ದರು. ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರ ಆಳ್ವಿಕೆಯನ್ನು ಭಾರತದಿಂದ ಹೊರತರಲು ಅವರು ಅನೇಕ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿದರು.

ಆಜಾದ್ – ದಿ ಫ್ರೀ

ಒಂದು ಸಣ್ಣ ಆದರೆ ಕುತೂಹಲಕಾರಿ ಘಟನೆ ಇದೆ, ಅವರ ಜನ್ಮ ಹೆಸರು ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ತಿವಾರಿ ಮತ್ತು ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಹೆಸರಿನೊಂದಿಗೆ ‘ಆಜಾದ್’ ಎಂಬ ಹೆಸರನ್ನು ಸೇರಿಸಿದರು ಮತ್ತು ಅವರು ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ಆದರು. 

ಕೇವಲ 15 ನೇ ವಯಸ್ಸಿನಲ್ಲಿ, ಅಸಹಕಾರ ಚಳವಳಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿದ್ದಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಆಜಾದ್ ಜೈಲುವಾಸ ಅನುಭವಿಸಿದರು. ಒಬ್ಬ ಚಿಕ್ಕ ಹುಡುಗನನ್ನು ಮ್ಯಾಜಿಸ್ಟ್ರೇಟ್ ಮುಂದೆ ಹಾಜರುಪಡಿಸಲಾಯಿತು ಮತ್ತು ಅವನ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಕೇಳಿದಾಗ, ಅವನು ನನ್ನ ಹೆಸರು ‘ಆಜಾದ್’, ಅವನ ತಂದೆಯ ಹೆಸರು ‘ಸ್ವತಂತ್ರತ’ (ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯ) ಮತ್ತು ಅವನ ವಾಸಸ್ಥಳ ‘ಜೈಲು’ ಎಂದು ಹೇಳಿದನು.

ಈ ಘಟನೆಯ ನಂತರ “ಆಜಾದ್” ಅವನ ಹೆಸರಿನ ಶೀರ್ಷಿಕೆಯಾಯಿತು ಮತ್ತು ಅವನ ಹೆಸರು ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ತಿವಾರಿಯಿಂದ ‘ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್’ ಎಂದು ಜನಪ್ರಿಯವಾಯಿತು.

ಕುಟುಂಬ ಮತ್ತು ಪ್ರಭಾವ

ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರ ಪೂರ್ವಜರು ಮೂಲತಃ ಬದರ್ಕಾ ಗ್ರಾಮದ ನಿವಾಸಿಗಳು, ಇದು ಕಾನ್ಪುರದಲ್ಲಿದೆ ಮತ್ತು ಈಗ ಉನ್ನಾವೊ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಯ ರಾಯ್ ಬರೇಲಿ ರಸ್ತೆಯಲ್ಲಿದೆ. ಅವರು ಮಧ್ಯಪ್ರದೇಶದ ಅಲಿರಾಜಪುರ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಯ ಬಹ್ರಾ ಗ್ರಾಮದಲ್ಲಿ 23 ಜುಲೈ 1906 ರಂದು ಜನಿಸಿದರು. ಅವರ ತಾಯಿಯ ಹೆಸರು ಜಾಗ್ರಣಿ ದೇವಿ ತಿವಾರಿ, ಅವರು ಸೀತಾರಾಮ್ ತಿವಾರಿ ಅವರ ಮೂರನೇ ಪತ್ನಿ.

ಅವರ ಕುಟುಂಬವು ಮೊದಲು ಕಾನ್ಪುರದ ಬದರ್ಕಾ ಗ್ರಾಮದಲ್ಲಿ ವಾಸಿಸುತ್ತಿತ್ತು, ಆದರೆ ಅವರ ಮೊದಲ ಮಗು ಸುಖದೇವ್ (ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರ ಹಿರಿಯ ಸಹೋದರ) ಜನಿಸಿದ ನಂತರ ಅವರ ಕುಟುಂಬವು ಅಲಿರಾಜಪುರಕ್ಕೆ ಸ್ಥಳಾಂತರಗೊಂಡಿತು.

ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರ ತಾಯಿ ಅವರು ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸರಾಗಬೇಕೆಂದು ಬಯಸಿದ್ದರು. ಈ ಕಾರಣಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಅವರನ್ನು ಪ್ರಸ್ತುತ ವಾರಣಾಸಿಯ ಕಾಶಿ ವಿದ್ಯಾಪೀಠದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಬನಾರಸ್‌ಗೆ ಕಳುಹಿಸಿದ್ದರು. 1921ರಲ್ಲಿ ವಾರಣಾಸಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಓದುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾಗ ಗಾಂಧೀಜಿಯವರು ಅಸಹಕಾರ ಚಳವಳಿಯನ್ನು ಆರಂಭಿಸಿ ಯುವಕರು ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಸಂಖ್ಯೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸುವಂತೆ ಮನವಿ ಮಾಡಿದರು.

ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರು ಈ ಚಳುವಳಿಯಿಂದ ಬಹಳವಾಗಿ ಪ್ರಭಾವಿತರಾಗಿದ್ದರು ಮತ್ತು ಅವರು ಪೂರ್ಣ ಉತ್ಸಾಹ ಮತ್ತು ಉತ್ಸಾಹದಿಂದ ಅದರಲ್ಲಿ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿದರು. ಈ ಆಂದೋಲನದಲ್ಲಿ ಸಕ್ರಿಯವಾಗಿ ಪಾಲ್ಗೊಂಡು ಜೈಲಿಗೆ ಹೋಗಬೇಕಾಯಿತು. 1922 ರಲ್ಲಿ ಚೌರಿ-ಚೌರಾ ಘಟನೆಯ ಹಿನ್ನೆಲೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಗಾಂಧೀಜಿ ಅಸಹಕಾರ ಚಳವಳಿಯ ಅಂತ್ಯವನ್ನು ಘೋಷಿಸಿದಾಗ, ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ ಆಜಾದ್ ಸಂತೋಷವಾಗಲಿಲ್ಲ ಮತ್ತು ಅಲ್ಲಿಂದ ಅವರು ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ವಿಧಾನವನ್ನು ಅಳವಡಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ನಿರ್ಧರಿಸಿದರು.

ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳು

ಅಸಹಕಾರ ಚಳವಳಿಯ ಅಂತ್ಯದ ನಂತರ, ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರು ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ತೊಡಗಿಸಿಕೊಂಡಿದ್ದ ಹಿಂದೂಸ್ತಾನ್ ರಿಪಬ್ಲಿಕನ್ ಅಸೋಸಿಯೇಷನ್ ​​(HRA) ಸಂಸ್ಥಾಪಕ ರಾಮ್ ಪ್ರಸಾದ್ ಬಿಸ್ಮಿಲ್ ಅವರ ಸಂಪರ್ಕಕ್ಕೆ ಬಂದರು. ನಂತರದಲ್ಲಿ ಎಚ್.ಆರ್.ಎ. ಹಿಂದೂಸ್ತಾನ್ ಸೋಷಿಯಲಿಸ್ಟ್ ರಿಪಬ್ಲಿಕನ್ ಅಸೋಸಿಯೇಷನ್ ​​(HSRA) ಹೆಸರಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ.

ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರು ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಆಳ್ವಿಕೆಯ ಹಲವು ನಿಯಮಗಳ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ತೊಡಗಿಸಿಕೊಂಡಿದ್ದರು. ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಖಜಾನೆಯನ್ನು ತೆಗೆದುಕೊಂಡು ಹೋಗುತ್ತಿದ್ದ ಕಾಕೋರಿ ರೈಲು ದರೋಡೆಯ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಆರೋಪಿ. ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರು ತೆಗೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಿರುವ ಹಣಕ್ಕೆ HRA ಯಾವುದು. ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳಿಗೆ ಹಣ ನೀಡಲು ಲೂಟಿ ಮಾಡಲಾಯಿತು.

ಅವರು ಭಾರತದ ವೈಸರಾಯ್ ಲಾರ್ಡ್ ಇರ್ವಿನ್ ಅವರನ್ನು ಹೊತ್ತೊಯ್ಯುವ ರೈಲನ್ನು ಸ್ಫೋಟಿಸುವ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನದಲ್ಲಿ ತೊಡಗಿದ್ದರು, ಆದರೆ ರೈಲು ಹಳಿತಪ್ಪಿತು ಮತ್ತು ವೈಸರಾಯ್ ಗಾಯಗೊಂಡರು ಮತ್ತು ಪ್ರಜ್ಞಾಹೀನರಾಗಿದ್ದರು.

ಈ ದಿನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾಕಿಸ್ತಾನದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಲಾಹೋರ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿ ಪ್ರೊಬೇಷನರಿ ಪೊಲೀಸ್ ಅಧಿಕಾರಿ ಜಾನ್ ಸೌಂಡರ್ಸ್ ಅವರ ಹತ್ಯೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಭಗತ್ ಸಿಂಗ್ ಮತ್ತು ರಾಜಗುರು ಜೊತೆಗೆ ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಆಜಾದ್ ಕೂಡ ಭಾಗಿಯಾಗಿದ್ದರು. ಪೊಲೀಸರು ಲಾಲಾ ಲಜಪತ್ ರಾಯ್ ಹತ್ಯೆಗೆ ಸೇಡು ತೀರಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಈ ಸಂಚು ರೂಪಿಸಲಾಗಿತ್ತು.

ಸಾವು ಮತ್ತು ಆನುವಂಶಿಕತೆ

ಆಜಾದ್ 27 ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ 1931 ರಂದು ಉತ್ತರ ಪ್ರದೇಶದ ಅಲಹಾಬಾದ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಆಲ್ಫ್ರೆಡ್ ಪಾರ್ಕ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿ ನಿಧನರಾದರು. ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯದ ನಂತರ ಅದರ ಹೆಸರನ್ನು ‘ಆಜಾದ್ ಪಾರ್ಕ್’ ಎಂದು ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಲಾಯಿತು. ಒಂದು ದಿನ ಉದ್ಯಾನವನದಲ್ಲಿ, ಆಜಾದ್ ಮತ್ತು ಅವನ ಸಹಚರರಲ್ಲಿ ಒಬ್ಬರಾದ ಸುಖದೇವ್ ರಾಜ್ ಉದ್ಯಾನವನದಲ್ಲಿ ಅಡಗಿಕೊಂಡಿದ್ದರು. ಹಳೆಯ ನಿಪುಣ ಸಹಚರನು ದ್ರೋಹ ಮಾಡಿದ್ದಾನೆ ಮತ್ತು ಅವನು ಪೊಲೀಸರಿಗೆ ತಿಳಿಸಿದನು.

ಆಜಾದ್ ಮರದ ಹಿಂದೆ ಅಡಗಿಕೊಂಡು ತನ್ನ ಕೋಲ್ಟ್ ಪಿಸ್ತೂಲ್‌ನಿಂದ ಪೊಲೀಸರಿಗೆ ಪ್ರತಿಕ್ರಿಯಿಸಲು ಪ್ರಾರಂಭಿಸಿದನು. ಅವರು ಸುಖದೇವ್ ರಾಜ್ ಅವರನ್ನು ಅಲ್ಲಿಂದ ಓಡಿಸಿದರು. ಅವನ ಬಳಿ ಒಂದೇ ಒಂದು ಗುಂಡು ಉಳಿದಿದ್ದಾಗ, ಆಜಾದ್ ಸ್ವತಃ ಗುಂಡು ಹಾರಿಸಿಕೊಂಡು ಸತ್ತನು.

ತನ್ನ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರವನ್ನು ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಆಳ್ವಿಕೆಯಿಂದ ಮುಕ್ತಗೊಳಿಸಲು, ಅವರು ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಸೇವಕರಂತೆ ಜೀವನವನ್ನು ನಡೆಸಿದರು. ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ ಆಜಾದ್ ಅವರಷ್ಟು ಧೈರ್ಯವಂತರೂ ನಿರ್ಭೀತರೂ ಆಗಿದ್ದವರು ಬಹಳ ಕಡಿಮೆ.

തന്റെ മാതൃഭൂമിയുടെ സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യത്തിനായി എല്ലാം ത്യജിച്ച ഇന്ത്യൻ വിപ്ലവകാരികളിൽ വളരെ പ്രശസ്തമായ പേരാണ് ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദ്. താഴെ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്ന ഉപന്യാസത്തിൽ, ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദിന്റെ ജീവിതത്തിലെ പോരാട്ടത്തെക്കുറിച്ചും മറ്റ് രസകരമായ വസ്തുതകളെക്കുറിച്ചും നമ്മൾ ചർച്ച ചെയ്യും.

ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദിനെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള ഹ്രസ്വവും ദീർഘവുമായ ഉപന്യാസങ്ങൾ

ഉപന്യാസം 1 (250 വാക്കുകൾ) – ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദ്: ഒരു വിപ്ലവകാരി.

ഇന്ത്യയിൽ ജനിച്ച ധീരനും വിപ്ലവകാരിയുമായ വ്യക്തിയായിരുന്നു ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദ്, അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ വിപ്ലവ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങൾക്ക് എന്നും ഓർമ്മിക്കപ്പെടുന്നു. സാഹസികമായ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളാൽ ഇന്ത്യൻ യുവാക്കൾക്കിടയിൽ വീരനായകനായാണ് അദ്ദേഹം അറിയപ്പെടുന്നത്. അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ പേരുപോലെ തന്നെ, ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് സാമ്രാജ്യത്തിനെതിരെ നിരവധി വിപ്ലവ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങൾ നടത്തിയിട്ടും ബ്രിട്ടീഷുകാർക്ക് അദ്ദേഹത്തെ പിടികൂടാനായില്ല.

അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ വിപ്ലവ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളിലേക്ക് ഒരു നോട്ടം

ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദ് ഹിന്ദുസ്ഥാൻ റിപ്പബ്ലിക്കൻ അസോസിയേഷനുമായി (HRA) ബന്ധപ്പെട്ടിരുന്നു, അത് 1928 ൽ ഹിന്ദുസ്ഥാൻ സോഷ്യലിസ്റ്റ് റിപ്പബ്ലിക്കൻ അസോസിയേഷൻ (HSRA) എന്നറിയപ്പെട്ടു. ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് ഭരണത്തിനെതിരായ വിപ്ലവ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളിൽ ഇരു സംഘടനകളും പങ്കെടുത്തിരുന്നു, ആ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളിൽ ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദ് എപ്പോഴും മുന്നിലായിരിക്കണം. ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട ചില പ്രധാന പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങൾ ചുവടെ പ്രദർശിപ്പിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു –

കക്കോരി ട്രെയിൻ കവർച്ച

ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദും ഹിന്ദുസ്ഥാൻ റിപ്പബ്ലിക്കൻ അസോസിയേഷന്റെ (HRA) മറ്റ് കൂട്ടാളികളും ചേർന്ന് 1925 ഓഗസ്റ്റ് 9 ന് ലഖ്‌നൗവിനടുത്തുള്ള കക്കോറിയിൽ ഈ ട്രെയിൻ കവർച്ച നടത്തിയ സംഭവം. സംഘത്തിന്റെ വിപ്ലവ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങൾക്ക് ധനസഹായം നൽകുക എന്നതായിരുന്നു ഈ പരിപാടിയുടെ പ്രധാന ലക്ഷ്യം.

• വൈസ്രോയിയുടെ ട്രെയിൻ പൊട്ടിത്തെറിച്ചു

1926 ഡിസംബർ 23 ന് വൈസ്രോയി ഇർവിൻ പ്രഭു സഞ്ചരിച്ചിരുന്ന ട്രെയിനിന് നേരെയുണ്ടായ ബോംബാക്രമണത്തിലും ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദ് ഉൾപ്പെട്ടിരുന്നു. എന്നിരുന്നാലും, ഈ സംഭവത്തിൽ ട്രെയിൻ പാളം തെറ്റുകയും വൈസ്രോയി അബോധാവസ്ഥയിലാവുകയും ചെയ്തു.

• സാണ്ടേഴ്സിന്റെ കൊലപാതകം

ലാലാ ലജ്പത് റായിയുടെ കൊലപാതകത്തിന് പ്രതികാരം ചെയ്യാൻ 1928 ഡിസംബർ 17-ന് പ്രൊബേഷണറി പോലീസ് ഓഫീസർ ജോൺ സോണ്ടേഴ്‌സിന്റെ കൊലപാതകത്തിൽ ഭഗത് സിങ്ങിനും രാജ്ഗുരുവിനുമൊപ്പം ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദും പങ്കാളിയായിരുന്നു.

രക്തസാക്ഷിത്വം

അലഹബാദിലെ ആസാദ് പാർക്കിൽ ഒളിവിൽ കഴിയുന്ന ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദിനെ കുറിച്ച് പോലീസിന് വിവരം ലഭിച്ചപ്പോൾ ഇയാൾ ഒറ്റയ്‌ക്ക് ഏറ്റുമുട്ടി. പ്രതികാര നടപടിയായി, അവൻ പോലീസിന് നേരെ വെടിയുതിർത്തു, പക്ഷേ ഒരു സാഹചര്യത്തിലും പോലീസ് പിടിക്കുന്നത് അംഗീകരിക്കാത്തതിനാൽ അവസാന ബുള്ളറ്റിൽ അയാൾ സ്വയം മരിച്ചു.

പേരുപോലെ തന്നെ അദ്ദേഹം ‘ആസാദ്’ മരിച്ചു. ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് സർക്കാരിന്റെ മനുഷ്യത്വരഹിതമായ അധിനിവേശത്തിനും ജനങ്ങളോടുള്ള അന്യായമായ പെരുമാറ്റത്തിനും എതിരായിരുന്നു അദ്ദേഹം.

ഉപന്യാസം 2 (400 വാക്കുകൾ) – ആസാദ്: ഒരു യുവ വിപ്ലവകാരി

ഇന്ത്യൻ സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യ സമര പോരാട്ടത്തിൽ ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദിന്റെ പേരിന് ആമുഖം ആവശ്യമില്ല. ഇന്ത്യൻ വിപ്ലവകാരികളുടെ പട്ടികയിൽ അറിയപ്പെടുന്നതും ബഹുമാനിക്കപ്പെടുന്നതുമായ പേരാണിത്. ചെറുപ്പത്തിലെ ധൈര്യവും നിർഭയത്വവും അദ്ദേഹത്തെ ഇന്ത്യയിലെ യുവാക്കൾക്കിടയിൽ വളരെ ജനപ്രിയനാക്കി.

ആസാദ് – ഒരു യുവ വിപ്ലവകാരി

വളരെ ചെറുപ്പത്തിൽ തന്നെ ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് വിരുദ്ധ പ്രസ്ഥാനങ്ങളിൽ പങ്കെടുക്കാൻ ആസാദിന് പ്രചോദനമായി. കാശി വിദ്യാപീഠം വാരണാസിയിൽ പഠിക്കുമ്പോൾ 15 വയസ്സ് മാത്രമേ ഉണ്ടായിരുന്നുള്ളൂ, തുടർന്ന് മഹാത്മാഗാന്ധി നടത്തിയ നിസ്സഹകരണ പ്രസ്ഥാനത്തിൽ സജീവമായി പങ്കെടുത്തു. നിസ്സഹകരണ സമരത്തിൽ പങ്കെടുത്ത് ജയിലിൽ പോയ ഏറ്റവും പ്രായം കുറഞ്ഞ സമരക്കാരനായിരുന്നു അദ്ദേഹം.

വെറും 15 വയസ്സ്, ഒരു യുവാവിന് സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യ സമരത്തിൽ പങ്കെടുക്കാൻ കഴിയാത്തത്ര ചെറുപ്പമാണ്, പക്ഷേ ആസാദ് ഇന്ത്യയെ സ്വതന്ത്രമാക്കാൻ ഈ പോരാട്ടം നടത്തി. ചൗരി-ചൗര സംഭവത്തിനുശേഷം, 1922-ൽ നിസ്സഹകരണ പ്രസ്ഥാനം അവസാനിപ്പിക്കാൻ മഹാത്മാഗാന്ധി തീരുമാനിച്ചപ്പോൾ, ആസാദ് ഈ തീരുമാനത്തിൽ തൃപ്തനായിരുന്നില്ല.

എച്ച്ആർഎ കൂടാതെ എച്ച്.എസ്.ആർ.എ. പിന്തുണ

1922-ൽ ഗാന്ധി നിസ്സഹകരണ പ്രസ്ഥാനം അവസാനിപ്പിച്ചതിനുശേഷം, വിപ്ലവ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളിൽ ഏർപ്പെട്ടിരുന്ന ഹിന്ദുസ്ഥാൻ റിപ്പബ്ലിക്കൻ അസോസിയേഷൻ (എച്ച്ആർഎ) സ്ഥാപിച്ച രാം പ്രസാദ് ബിസ്മിലുമായി ആസാദ് ബന്ധപ്പെട്ടു.

എച്ച്.ആർ.എ.യിൽ പതിവായി പങ്കെടുത്തിരുന്ന മോത്തിലാൽ നെഹ്‌റുവിനെപ്പോലുള്ള നിരവധി ശക്തരായ നേതാക്കൾ ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദിനെ പിന്തുണച്ചിരുന്നു. പിന്തുണയ്ക്കാൻ പണം നൽകി പണ്ഡിറ്റ് ഹരിശങ്കർ ബ്രഹ്മചാരി എന്ന പേരിൽ മാറിയ വ്യക്തിത്വവുമായി അദ്ദേഹം ഈ ദിവസങ്ങളിൽ ഉത്തർപ്രദേശിലെ ഝാൻസിക്ക് സമീപമുള്ള യുണൈറ്റഡ് പ്രവിശ്യകളിൽ താമസിക്കുമ്പോൾ, അക്കാലത്ത് നിരവധി കോൺഗ്രസ് നേതാക്കളും അദ്ദേഹത്തെ പിന്തുണച്ചിരുന്നു.

6 വർഷത്തിനുള്ളിൽ ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദ് ഭഗത് സിംഗ്, അസ്ഫാഖുള്ള ഖാൻ, സുഖ്ദേവ് ഥാപ്പർ, ജഗദീഷ് ചന്ദ്ര ചാറ്റർജി എന്നിവർ ചേർന്ന് ഹിന്ദുസ്ഥാൻ സോഷ്യലിസ്റ്റ് റിപ്പബ്ലിക്കൻ അസോസിയേഷൻ (HSRA) ഇൻസ്റ്റിറ്റ്യൂട്ട് രൂപീകരിച്ചു. 

1925 ഓഗസ്റ്റ് 9-ന് നടന്ന കക്കോരി ട്രെയിൻ കവർച്ച സംഭവത്തിന്റെ ഗൂഢാലോചന കക്കോറിക്കും ലഖ്‌നൗവിനും ഇടയിൽ നടപ്പിലാക്കി. രാംപ്രസാദ് ബിസ്മിൽ, അഷ്ഫാഖുള്ള ഖാൻ എന്നിവരുമായി സഹകരിച്ച് എച്ച്.ആർ.എ. സംഘടനയുടെ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങൾക്ക് പണം കണ്ടെത്താനും സംഘടനയ്ക്ക് ആയുധം വാങ്ങാനും ലക്ഷ്യമിട്ടാണ് കൊള്ളയടിച്ചത്.

സർക്കാർ ഖജനാവിലേക്ക് പണവുമായി പോകുന്ന ഈ ട്രെയിൻ ബിസ്മിൽ, അഷ്ഫഖുള്ള ഖാൻ, രാജേന്ദ്ര ലാഹിരി, എച്ച്.ആർ.എ. സംഘത്തിലെ മറ്റംഗങ്ങൾ ട്രെയിനിൽ കവർച്ച നടത്തിയിരുന്നു. ഗാർഡ് കോച്ചിലുണ്ടായിരുന്ന ഒരു ലക്ഷം രൂപയാണ് ഇവർ തട്ടിയെടുത്തത്.

വിശ്വാസവഞ്ചനയും മരണവും

1931 ഫെബ്രുവരി 27ന് അലഹബാദിലെ ആസാദ് പാർക്കിൽ ആസാദ് ഒളിവിൽ കഴിയുമ്പോൾ. വീർഭദ്ര തിവാരി എന്ന പഴയ സുഹൃത്ത് പോലീസ് ഇൻഫോർമറായി മാറുകയും ആസാദ് അവിടെ ഉണ്ടെന്ന് പോലീസിനെ അറിയിക്കുകയും ചെയ്തു. പോലീസുമായി ഏറ്റുമുട്ടുന്നതിനിടയിൽ, ആസാദ് തന്റെ കോൾട്ട് പിസ്റ്റൾ ഉപയോഗിച്ച് വെടിയുതിർത്തു, എന്നാൽ അതിൽ ഒരു ബുള്ളറ്റ് മാത്രം അവശേഷിച്ചപ്പോൾ അയാൾ സ്വയം വെടിവച്ചു.

താൻ ഒരിക്കലും പിടിക്കപ്പെടില്ലെന്നും എപ്പോഴും സ്വതന്ത്രനായിരിക്കുമെന്നും ആസാദ് തന്റെ കൂടെയുള്ളവരോട് പറയാറുണ്ടായിരുന്നു. വാസ്‌തവത്തിൽ, അറസ്റ്റ് ചെയ്യപ്പെട്ടാൽ സ്വയം കൊല്ലാൻ വേണ്ടി അയാൾ ഒരു അധിക ബുള്ളറ്റ് കൂടെ കൊണ്ടുപോകുമായിരുന്നു.

ഉപന്യാസം 3 (600 വാക്കുകൾ) – ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദ്: കുടുംബവും വിപ്ലവ പ്രവർത്തനവും

സർദാർ ഭഗത് സിംഗ്, രാം പ്രസാദ് ബിസ്മിൽ, അഷ്ഫാഖുള്ള ഖാൻ തുടങ്ങിയ വിപ്ലവകാരികളുടെ സമകാലികനായിരുന്ന ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദ് അല്ലെങ്കിൽ ‘ആസാദ്’ എന്ന് ലളിതമായി അറിയപ്പെടുന്ന അദ്ദേഹം ഒരു ഇന്ത്യൻ വിപ്ലവകാരിയായിരുന്നു. ഇന്ത്യയിൽ നിന്ന് ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് ഭരണം പുറത്തുകൊണ്ടുവരാൻ അദ്ദേഹം നിരവധി വിപ്ലവ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളിൽ പങ്കെടുത്തു.

ആസാദ് – ദി ഫ്രീ

ചെറുതും എന്നാൽ വളരെ രസകരവുമായ ഒരു സംഭവമുണ്ട്, അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ ജന്മനാമം ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ തിവാരി എന്നായിരുന്നു, കൂടാതെ അദ്ദേഹം തന്റെ പേരിനൊപ്പം ‘ആസാദ്’ എന്ന പേര് ചേർത്ത് ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദായി. 

15-ാം വയസ്സിൽ നിസ്സഹകരണ പ്രസ്ഥാനത്തിൽ പങ്കെടുത്തതിന് ആസാദ് ജയിലിലായി. ഒരു ആൺകുട്ടിയെ മജിസ്‌ട്രേറ്റിന് മുന്നിൽ ഹാജരാക്കി അവനെക്കുറിച്ച് ചോദിച്ചപ്പോൾ, എന്റെ പേര് ‘ആസാദ്’ എന്നും അവന്റെ അച്ഛന്റെ പേര് ‘സ്വതന്ത്രത’ (സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം) എന്നും അവന്റെ താമസസ്ഥലം ‘ജയിൽ’ എന്നും പറഞ്ഞു.

ഈ സംഭവത്തിന് ശേഷം “ആസാദ്” എന്നത് അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ പേരിന്റെ തലക്കെട്ടായി മാറുകയും അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ പേര് ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ തിവാരിയിൽ നിന്ന് ‘ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദ്’ എന്നറിയപ്പെടുകയും ചെയ്തു.

കുടുംബവും സ്വാധീനവും

ആസാദിന്റെ പൂർവ്വികർ യഥാർത്ഥത്തിൽ കാൺപൂരിൽ സ്ഥിതി ചെയ്യുന്ന ബദർക്ക ഗ്രാമത്തിലെ താമസക്കാരായിരുന്നു, ഇപ്പോൾ ഉന്നാവോ ജില്ലയിലെ റായ്ബറേലി റോഡിലാണ് ഇത് സ്ഥിതി ചെയ്യുന്നത്. മധ്യപ്രദേശിലെ അലിരാജ്പൂർ ജില്ലയിലെ ബഹ്‌റ ഗ്രാമത്തിൽ 1906 ജൂലൈ 23 നാണ് അദ്ദേഹം ജനിച്ചത്. സീതാറാം തിവാരിയുടെ മൂന്നാമത്തെ ഭാര്യയായിരുന്ന ജാഗ്രണി ദേവി തിവാരി എന്നാണ് അമ്മയുടെ പേര്.

അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ കുടുംബം മുമ്പ് കാൺപൂരിലെ ബദർക്ക ഗ്രാമത്തിലായിരുന്നു താമസിച്ചിരുന്നത്, എന്നാൽ ആദ്യ കുട്ടി സുഖ്ദേവ് (ആസാദിന്റെ മൂത്ത സഹോദരൻ) ജനിച്ചതിനുശേഷം അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ കുടുംബം അലിരാജ്പൂരിലേക്ക് മാറി.

ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദിനെ സംസ്‌കൃത പണ്ഡിതനാക്കണമെന്നായിരുന്നു അമ്മയുടെ ആഗ്രഹം. ഇക്കാരണത്താൽ, അദ്ദേഹം അദ്ദേഹത്തെ ഇപ്പോൾ വാരണാസിയിലെ കാശി വിദ്യാപീഠത്തിലുള്ള ബനാറസിലേക്ക് അയച്ചിരുന്നു. 1921-ൽ വാരണാസിയിൽ പഠിക്കുമ്പോൾ ഗാന്ധിജി നിസ്സഹകരണ പ്രസ്ഥാനം ആരംഭിക്കുകയും യുവാക്കളോട് വൻതോതിൽ പങ്കെടുക്കാൻ ആഹ്വാനം ചെയ്യുകയും ചെയ്തു.

ആസാദിനെ ഈ പ്രസ്ഥാനം വളരെയധികം സ്വാധീനിക്കുകയും തീക്ഷ്ണതയോടെയും ഉത്സാഹത്തോടെയും അദ്ദേഹം അതിൽ പങ്കെടുക്കുകയും ചെയ്തു. ഈ പ്രസ്ഥാനത്തിൽ സജീവമായി പങ്കെടുത്തതിന് ജയിലിൽ പോകേണ്ടിയും വന്നു. 1922-ലെ ചൗരി-ചൗര സംഭവത്തിന്റെ പശ്ചാത്തലത്തിൽ ഗാന്ധിജി നിസ്സഹകരണ പ്രസ്ഥാനം അവസാനിപ്പിക്കുന്നതായി പ്രഖ്യാപിച്ചപ്പോൾ ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദ് സന്തോഷിച്ചില്ല, അവിടെ നിന്ന് വിപ്ലവകരമായ സമീപനം സ്വീകരിക്കാൻ തീരുമാനിച്ചു.

വിപ്ലവ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങൾ

നിസ്സഹകരണ പ്രസ്ഥാനം അവസാനിച്ചതിനുശേഷം, വിപ്ലവ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളിൽ ഏർപ്പെട്ടിരുന്ന ഹിന്ദുസ്ഥാൻ റിപ്പബ്ലിക്കൻ അസോസിയേഷന്റെ (എച്ച്ആർഎ) സ്ഥാപകൻ രാം പ്രസാദ് ബിസ്മിലുമായി ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദ് ബന്ധപ്പെട്ടു. പിന്നീട് എച്ച്.ആർ.എ. ഹിന്ദുസ്ഥാൻ സോഷ്യലിസ്റ്റ് റിപ്പബ്ലിക്കൻ അസോസിയേഷൻ (എച്ച്എസ്ആർഎ) എന്ന പേരിൽ മാറ്റി.

ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദ് ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് ഭരണത്തിന്റെ പല നിയമങ്ങൾക്കെതിരെയും വിപ്ലവകരമായ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളിൽ ഏർപ്പെട്ടിരുന്നു. ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് സർക്കാരിന്റെ ഖജനാവ് കവർച്ച നടത്തിയ കക്കോരി ട്രെയിൻ കൊള്ളയിലെ മുഖ്യപ്രതിയായിരുന്നു ഇയാൾ. ബ്രിട്ടീഷുകാർ എടുക്കുന്ന പണത്തിന് ഏതാണ് എച്ച്ആർഎ. വിപ്ലവ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങൾക്ക് പണം നൽകാനാണ് കൊള്ളയടിച്ചത്.

ഇന്ത്യയുടെ വൈസ്രോയി ആയിരുന്ന ഇർവിൻ പ്രഭു സഞ്ചരിച്ചിരുന്ന തീവണ്ടിയിൽ സ്ഫോടനം നടത്താനുള്ള ശ്രമത്തിലും അദ്ദേഹം ഉൾപ്പെട്ടിരുന്നു, എന്നാൽ ട്രെയിൻ പാളം തെറ്റുകയും വൈസ്രോയിക്ക് പരിക്കേൽക്കുകയും അബോധാവസ്ഥയിലാവുകയും ചെയ്തു.

ഈ ദിവസങ്ങളിൽ പാക്കിസ്ഥാനിലുള്ള ലാഹോറിലെ പ്രൊബേഷണറി പോലീസ് ഓഫീസർ ജോൺ സോണ്ടേഴ്‌സിന്റെ കൊലപാതകത്തിൽ ഭഗത് സിങ്ങിനും രാജ്ഗുരുവിനുമൊപ്പം ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദും ഉൾപ്പെട്ടിരുന്നു. ലാലാ ലജ്പത് റായിയെ പോലീസ് കൊലപ്പെടുത്തിയതിന് പ്രതികാരം ചെയ്യാനാണ് ഈ ഗൂഢാലോചന നടന്നത്.

മരണവും അനന്തരാവകാശവും

1931 ഫെബ്രുവരി 27-ന് ഉത്തർപ്രദേശിലെ അലഹബാദിലെ ആൽഫ്രഡ് പാർക്കിൽ വെച്ച് ആസാദ് അന്തരിച്ചു. സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യാനന്തരം അതിന്റെ പേര് ‘ആസാദ് പാർക്ക്’ എന്നാക്കി മാറ്റി. ഒരു ദിവസം പാർക്കിൽ ആസാദും കൂട്ടാളികളിലൊരാളായ സുഖ്‌ദേവ് രാജും പാർക്കിൽ ഒളിച്ചിരിക്കുകയായിരുന്നു. ഒരു പഴയ പ്രഗത്ഭ കൂട്ടാളിയെ ഒറ്റിക്കൊടുത്തു, അയാൾ പോലീസിനെ അറിയിച്ചു.

ആസാദ് ഒരു മരത്തിന്റെ പിന്നിൽ മറഞ്ഞിരുന്നു, കോൾട്ട് പിസ്റ്റൾ ഉപയോഗിച്ച് പോലീസിനോട് പ്രതികരിക്കാൻ തുടങ്ങി. സുഖ് ദേവ് രാജിനെ അവിടെ നിന്നും ഓടിച്ചു. ഒരു ബുള്ളറ്റ് മാത്രം അവശേഷിച്ചപ്പോൾ ആസാദ് സ്വയം വെടിവച്ചു മരിച്ചു.

ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് ഭരണത്തിൽ നിന്ന് തന്റെ രാജ്യത്തെ മോചിപ്പിക്കാൻ, അദ്ദേഹം ഒരു ദേശീയ സേവകനെപ്പോലെ ജീവിതം നയിച്ചു. ചന്ദ്രശേഖർ ആസാദിനെപ്പോലെ ധൈര്യശാലികളും നിർഭയരും വളരെ കുറച്ചുപേർ മാത്രമേ ഉണ്ടായിരുന്നുള്ളൂ.

आपल्या मातृभूमीच्या स्वातंत्र्यासाठी सर्वस्वाचा त्याग करणाऱ्या भारतीय क्रांतिकारकांमध्ये चंद्रशेखर आझाद हे एक प्रसिद्ध नाव आहे. खाली दिलेल्या निबंधात आपण चंद्रशेखर आझाद यांच्या जीवनातील संघर्ष आणि इतर अनेक रंजक गोष्टींबद्दल चर्चा करू.

चंद्रशेखर आझाद यांच्यावरील लघु आणि दीर्घ निबंध

निबंध 1 (250 शब्द) – चंद्रशेखर आझाद: एक क्रांतिकारी.

    परिचय    

चंद्रशेखर आझाद हे भारतात जन्मलेले एक शूर आणि क्रांतिकारी व्यक्ती होते, जे त्यांच्या क्रांतिकारी कार्यांसाठी नेहमीच स्मरणात राहतात. त्याच्या साहसी उपक्रमांमुळे तो भारतीय तरुणांमध्ये नायक म्हणून ओळखला जातो. त्याच्या नावाप्रमाणेच, ब्रिटीश साम्राज्याविरुद्ध अनेक क्रांतिकारी कारवाया करूनही इंग्रज त्याला कधीच पकडू शकले नाहीत.

त्यांच्या क्रांतिकारी कार्याचा आढावा

चंद्रशेखर आझाद हे हिंदुस्तान रिपब्लिकन असोसिएशन (HRA) शी संबंधित होते, जे 1928 मध्ये हिंदुस्थान सोशालिस्ट रिपब्लिकन असोसिएशन (HSRA) म्हणून ओळखले गेले. या दोन्ही संघटनांनी ब्रिटीश राजवटीविरुद्ध क्रांतिकारी कार्यात भाग घेतला आणि त्या कार्यात चंद्रशेखर आझाद नेहमीच पुढे राहिले पाहिजेत. चंद्रशेखर आझाद यांच्याशी संबंधित काही महत्त्वाचे उपक्रम खाली प्रदर्शित केले आहेत –

काकोरी ट्रेनवर दरोडा

9 ऑगस्ट 1925 रोजी लखनौजवळील काकोरी येथे चंद्रशेखर आझाद आणि हिंदुस्थान रिपब्लिकन असोसिएशन (HRA) च्या इतर सहकाऱ्यांनी रेल्वे लुटण्याची ही घटना घडवली होती. या कार्यक्रमाचा मुख्य उद्देश संघाच्या क्रांतिकारी उपक्रमांना वित्तपुरवठा करणे हा होता.

• व्हाईसरॉयची ट्रेन उडवली

23 डिसेंबर 1926 रोजी व्हाईसरॉय लॉर्ड आयर्विन यांना घेऊन जाणाऱ्या ट्रेनमध्ये झालेल्या बॉम्बस्फोटात चंद्रशेखर आझाद यांचाही सहभाग होता. मात्र, या घटनेत ट्रेन रुळावरून घसरली आणि व्हाईसरॉय बेशुद्ध झाले.

• सॉंडर्सची हत्या

लाला लजपत राय यांच्या हत्येचा बदला घेण्यासाठी १७ डिसेंबर १९२८ रोजी प्रोबेशनरी पोलिस अधिकारी जॉन सॉंडर्स यांच्या हत्येमध्ये चंद्रशेखर आझाद आणि भगतसिंग आणि राजगुरू यांचाही सहभाग होता.

अलाहाबादच्या आझाद पार्कमध्ये चंद्रशेखर आझाद लपल्याची माहिती पोलिसांना मिळाल्यावर त्यांनी एकट्यानेच त्याच्याशी झटापट केली. प्रत्युत्तरादाखल त्याने पोलिसांवर गोळीबार केला पण त्याने शेवटच्या गोळीने स्वतःला ठार मारले, कारण कोणत्याही परिस्थितीत पोलिसांनी पकडले जाणे त्याला मान्य नव्हते.

    निष्कर्ष    

त्याच्या नावाप्रमाणे तो ‘आझाद’ मरण पावला. ब्रिटीश सरकारच्या अमानुष पद्धतीचा आणि लोकांशी अन्यायकारक वागणूक याच्या विरोधात ते ठाम होते.

निबंध 2 (400 शब्द) – आझाद: एक तरुण क्रांतिकारक

भारतीय स्वातंत्र्यलढ्यात चंद्रशेखर आझाद या नावाला परिचयाची गरज नाही. भारतीय क्रांतिकारकांच्या यादीतील हे एक प्रसिद्ध आणि आदरणीय नाव आहे. तरुण वयातच त्यांनी दाखवलेल्या धाडसाने आणि निर्भयतेमुळे ते भारतातील तरुणांमध्ये खूप लोकप्रिय झाले.

आझाद – एक तरुण क्रांतिकारक

अगदी लहान वयातच आझाद यांना ब्रिटीशविरोधी आंदोलनात सहभागी होण्याची प्रेरणा मिळाली. काशी विद्यापीठ वाराणसी येथे शिकत असताना ते केवळ 15 वर्षांचे होते, त्यानंतर त्यांनी महात्मा गांधींनी चालवलेल्या असहकार चळवळीत सक्रिय सहभाग घेतला. असहकार आंदोलनात भाग घेतल्याबद्दल तुरुंगात गेलेले ते सर्वात तरुण आंदोलक होते.

अवघ्या 15 वर्षांचा, स्वातंत्र्य चळवळीत भाग घेण्याइतपत तरुण, पण आझाद यांनी ही लढाई भारताला स्वतंत्र करण्यासाठी लढवली. चौरी-चौरा घटनेनंतर महात्मा गांधींनी 1922 मध्ये असहकार आंदोलन संपवण्याचा निर्णय घेतला तेव्हा आझाद या निर्णयावर खूश नव्हते.

एचआरए आणि HSRA. समर्थन

1922 मध्ये गांधींनी असहकार आंदोलन संपवल्यानंतर, आझाद राम प्रसाद बिस्मिल यांच्या संपर्कात आले, ज्यांनी हिंदुस्थान रिपब्लिकन असोसिएशन (HRA) या क्रांतिकारी कार्यात गुंतलेली संघटना स्थापन केली.

चंद्रशेखर आझाद यांना मोतीलाल नेहरूंसारख्या अनेक दिग्गज नेत्यांनी पाठिंबा दिला होता जे नियमितपणे H.R.A. मदतीसाठी पैसे दिले त्यांना त्या काळात काँग्रेसच्या अनेक नेत्यांनीही पाठिंबा दिला होता, विशेषत: जेव्हा ते पंडित हरिशंकर ब्रह्मचारी नावाच्या बदललेल्या ओळखीसह उत्तर प्रदेशातील झाशीजवळ असलेल्या संयुक्त प्रांतात राहत होते.

6 वर्षांच्या आत चंद्रशेखर आझाद यांनी भगतसिंग, असफाकुल्ला खान, सुखदेव थापर आणि जगदीश चंद्र चॅटर्जी यांच्यासोबत हिंदुस्थान सोशालिस्ट रिपब्लिकन असोसिएशन (HSRA) संस्था स्थापन केली. 

9 ऑगस्ट 1925 रोजी काकोरी ट्रेन लुटण्याच्या घटनेचा कट काकोरी आणि लखनौ दरम्यान राबविण्यात आला. रामप्रसाद बिस्मिल आणि अशफाकुल्ला खान यांच्या सहकार्याने एच.आर.ए. संस्थेच्या उपक्रमांना निधी मिळावा, संस्थेसाठी शस्त्र खरेदी करण्याच्या उद्देशाने ही लूट करण्यात आली.

सरकारी तिजोरीसाठी पैसे घेऊन जाणारी ही गाडी बिस्मिल, अशफाकुल्ला खान, राजेंद्र लाहिरी आणि एच.आर.ए. टोळीतील इतर सदस्यांनी रेल्वे लुटली होती. त्यांनी गार्डच्या डब्यात उपस्थित असलेले एक लाख रुपये लुटले होते.

विश्वासघात आणि मृत्यू

27 फेब्रुवारी 1931 रोजी जेव्हा आझाद अलाहाबादच्या आझाद पार्कमध्ये लपला होता. वीरभद्र तिवारी नावाचा जुना मित्र पोलिसांचा खबरी बनला आणि आझाद तिथे असल्याची माहिती पोलिसांना दिली. पोलिसांशी झगडत असताना आझादने आपल्या कोल्ट पिस्तुलाने गोळीबार केला, पण त्यात एकच गोळी शिल्लक असताना त्याने स्वतःवर गोळी झाडली.

आझाद त्याच्या साथीदारांना सांगायचा की तो कधीही पकडला जाणार नाही आणि नेहमी मोकळा राहील. किंबहुना, त्याला अटक झाल्यास तो एक अतिरिक्त गोळी सोबत घेऊन जात असे, जेणेकरून तो आत्महत्येचा प्रयत्न करू शकेल.

निबंध 3 (600 शब्द) – चंद्रशेखर आझाद: कौटुंबिक आणि क्रांतिकारी क्रियाकलाप

चंद्रशेखर आझाद किंवा फक्त ‘आझाद’ म्हणून ओळखले जाणारे, ते एक भारतीय क्रांतिकारक होते जे सरदार भगतसिंग, राम प्रसाद बिस्मिल, अशफाकुल्ला खान आणि इतर सर्व क्रांतिकारकांचे समकालीन होते. भारतातून ब्रिटीश राजवट बाहेर काढण्यासाठी त्यांनी अनेक क्रांतिकारी कार्यात भाग घेतला.

आझाद – मोफत

एक छोटीशी पण अतिशय रंजक घटना आहे, त्यांचे जन्माचे नाव चंद्रशेखर तिवारी होते आणि त्यांनी त्यांच्या नावाला ‘आझाद’ हे नाव जोडले आणि ते चंद्रशेखर आझाद झाले. 

वयाच्या अवघ्या १५ व्या वर्षी असहकार चळवळीत भाग घेतल्यामुळे आझाद यांना तुरुंगवास भोगावा लागला. एका अल्पवयीन मुलाला न्यायदंडाधिकाऱ्यांसमोर हजर करून त्याच्याबद्दल विचारणा केली असता त्याने माझे नाव ‘आझाद’, त्याच्या वडिलांचे नाव ‘स्वतंत्रता’ (स्वातंत्र्य) आणि राहण्याचे ठिकाण ‘जेल’ असल्याचे सांगितले.

या घटनेनंतर “आझाद” हे त्यांच्या नावाचे शीर्षक बनले आणि त्यांचे नाव चंद्रशेखर तिवारीवरून ‘चंद्रशेखर आझाद’ म्हणून प्रसिद्ध झाले.

कुटुंब आणि प्रभाव

आझादचे पूर्वज मूळचे कानपूरमधील बदरका गावचे रहिवासी होते आणि आता उन्नाव जिल्ह्यातील रायबरेली रोडवर आहे. त्यांचा जन्म 23 जुलै 1906 रोजी मध्य प्रदेशातील अलीराजपूर जिल्ह्यातील बहरा गावात झाला. त्यांच्या आईचे नाव जागराणी देवी तिवारी होते, जी सीताराम तिवारी यांची तिसरी पत्नी होती.

त्यांचे कुटुंब आधी कानपूरच्या बदरका गावात राहत होते, परंतु त्यांच्या पहिल्या मुलाच्या सुखदेव (आझादचा मोठा भाऊ) यांच्या जन्मानंतर त्यांचे कुटुंब अलीराजपूरला गेले.

चंद्रशेखर आझाद यांच्या आईची इच्छा होती की त्यांनी संस्कृतचे विद्वान व्हावे. या कारणास्तव त्यांना बनारस येथे पाठवले होते, जे सध्या वाराणसीच्या काशी विद्यापीठात आहे. 1921 मध्ये ते वाराणसीमध्ये शिकत असताना गांधीजींनी असहकार चळवळ सुरू केली आणि तरुणांना त्यात मोठ्या संख्येने सहभागी होण्याचे आवाहन केले.

आझाद यांच्यावर या चळवळीचा खूप प्रभाव पडला आणि त्यांनी त्यात पूर्ण आवेशाने आणि उत्साहाने भाग घेतला. या आंदोलनात सक्रिय सहभाग घेतल्याने त्यांना तुरुंगातही जावे लागले. 1922 मध्ये चौरी-चौरा घटनेच्या पार्श्वभूमीवर गांधीजींनी असहकार आंदोलन संपवण्याची घोषणा केली तेव्हा चंद्रशेखर आझाद यांना आनंद झाला नाही आणि तेथून त्यांनी क्रांतिकारी दृष्टिकोन स्वीकारण्याचा निर्णय घेतला.

    क्रांतिकारी पुढाकार    

असहकार आंदोलन संपल्यानंतर चंद्रशेखर आझाद क्रांतिकारी कार्यात गुंतलेले हिंदुस्थान रिपब्लिकन असोसिएशन (HRA) चे संस्थापक राम प्रसाद बिस्मिल यांच्या संपर्कात आले. नंतर H.R.A. हिंदुस्थान सोशालिस्ट रिपब्लिकन असोसिएशन (HSRA) या नावाने बदलले.

चंद्रशेखर आझाद हे ब्रिटीश राजवटीच्या अनेक नियमांच्या विरोधात क्रांतिकारी कार्यात सहभागी होते. काकोरी रेल्वे दरोड्यात तो मुख्य आरोपी होता ज्यात ब्रिटिश सरकारची तिजोरी लुटली जात होती. जे इंग्रजांकडून घेतलेल्या पैशाला एचआरए आहे. क्रांतिकारी उपक्रमांना निधी देण्यासाठी लुटले गेले.

भारताचे व्हाईसरॉय लॉर्ड आयर्विन यांना घेऊन जाणाऱ्या ट्रेनला उडवण्याच्या प्रयत्नातही त्याचा सहभाग होता, पण ट्रेन रुळावरून घसरली आणि व्हाईसरॉय जखमी आणि बेशुद्ध झाले.

आजकाल पाकिस्तानात असलेल्या लाहोरमधील प्रोबेशनरी पोलीस अधिकारी जॉन सॉंडर्स यांच्या हत्येमध्ये चंद्रशेखर आझाद आणि भगतसिंग आणि राजगुरू यांचाही सहभाग होता. लाला लजपत राय यांच्या हत्येचा बदला घेण्यासाठी पोलिसांनी हा कट रचला होता.

मृत्यू आणि वारसा

27 फेब्रुवारी 1931 रोजी आझाद यांचे उत्तर प्रदेशातील अलाहाबाद येथील अल्फ्रेड पार्क येथे निधन झाले. स्वातंत्र्यानंतर त्याचे नाव बदलून ‘आझाद पार्क’ असे करण्यात आले. एके दिवशी उद्यानात आझाद आणि त्याचा एक साथीदार सुखदेव राज लपून बसले होते. एका जुन्या निपुण साथीदाराने विश्वासघात केल्याने त्याने पोलिसांना माहिती दिली.

आझाद झाडामागे लपला आणि आपल्या कोल्ट पिस्तुलाने पोलिसांना प्रत्युत्तर देऊ लागला. त्यांनी सुखदेव राजला तेथून हाकलून दिले. त्याच्याकडे एकच गोळी शिल्लक असताना आझादने स्वत:वर गोळी झाडली आणि त्याचा मृत्यू झाला.

आपल्या देशाला ब्रिटिश राजवटीतून मुक्त करण्यासाठी त्यांनी राष्ट्रसेवकासारखे जीवन व्यतीत केले. चंद्रशेखर आझाद यांच्याइतके धाडसी आणि निर्भय लोक फार कमी होते.

ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਭਾਰਤੀ ਕ੍ਰਾਂਤੀਕਾਰੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਬਹੁਤ ਮਸ਼ਹੂਰ ਨਾਮ ਹੈ, ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਆਪਣੀ ਮਾਤ ਭੂਮੀ ਦੀ ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ ਲਈ ਸਭ ਕੁਝ ਕੁਰਬਾਨ ਕਰ ਦਿੱਤਾ। ਇੱਥੇ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਲੇਖ ਵਿੱਚ, ਅਸੀਂ ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਦੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਦੇ ਸੰਘਰਸ਼ ਅਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਦਿਲਚਸਪ ਤੱਥਾਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਚਰਚਾ ਕਰਾਂਗੇ।

ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ‘ਤੇ ਛੋਟੇ ਅਤੇ ਲੰਬੇ ਲੇਖ

ਲੇਖ 1 (250 ਸ਼ਬਦ) – ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ: ਇੱਕ ਇਨਕਲਾਬੀ.

ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਪੈਦਾ ਹੋਏ ਇੱਕ ਬਹਾਦਰ ਅਤੇ ਕ੍ਰਾਂਤੀਕਾਰੀ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਸਨ, ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਕ੍ਰਾਂਤੀਕਾਰੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਹਮੇਸ਼ਾ ਯਾਦ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਆਪਣੀਆਂ ਸਾਹਸੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਕਾਰਨ, ਉਹ ਭਾਰਤੀ ਨੌਜਵਾਨਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਨਾਇਕ ਵਜੋਂ ਜਾਣਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਸਦੇ ਨਾਮ ਤੋਂ ਸੱਚ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਬ੍ਰਿਟਿਸ਼ ਸਾਮਰਾਜ ਦੇ ਖਿਲਾਫ ਕੀਤੀਆਂ ਗਈਆਂ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੀਆਂ ਕ੍ਰਾਂਤੀਕਾਰੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਵੀ, ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ ਉਸਨੂੰ ਕਦੇ ਨਹੀਂ ਫੜ ਸਕੇ।

ਉਸ ਦੀਆਂ ਇਨਕਲਾਬੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ‘ਤੇ ਇੱਕ ਝਾਤ

ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ ਰਿਪਬਲਿਕਨ ਐਸੋਸੀਏਸ਼ਨ (HRA) ਨਾਲ ਜੁੜੇ ਹੋਏ ਸਨ, ਜੋ ਕਿ 1928 ਵਿੱਚ ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ ਸੋਸ਼ਲਿਸਟ ਰਿਪਬਲਿਕਨ ਐਸੋਸੀਏਸ਼ਨ (HSRA) ਵਜੋਂ ਜਾਣੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਸੀ। ਦੋਹਾਂ ਜਥੇਬੰਦੀਆਂ ਨੇ ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ ਹਕੂਮਤ ਵਿਰੁੱਧ ਇਨਕਲਾਬੀ ਸਰਗਰਮੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਵੱਧ ਚੜ੍ਹ ਕੇ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਲਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਨੂੰ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਸਰਗਰਮੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਮੇਸ਼ਾ ਅੱਗੇ ਰਹਿਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ। ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਨਾਲ ਸਬੰਧਤ ਕੁਝ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਪ੍ਰਦਰਸ਼ਿਤ ਕੀਤੀਆਂ ਗਈਆਂ ਹਨ-

ਕਾਕੋਰੀ ਟਰੇਨ ਲੁੱਟ

ਰੇਲ ਡਕੈਤੀ ਦੀ ਇਹ ਘਟਨਾ 9 ਅਗਸਤ 1925 ਨੂੰ ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ ਰਿਪਬਲਿਕਨ ਐਸੋਸੀਏਸ਼ਨ (HRA) ਦੇ ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਅਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਸਾਥੀਆਂ ਵੱਲੋਂ ਲਖਨਊ ਨੇੜੇ ਕਾਕੋਰੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਾਪਰੀ ਸੀ। ਇਸ ਸਮਾਗਮ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਉਦੇਸ਼ ਸੰਘ ਦੀਆਂ ਕ੍ਰਾਂਤੀਕਾਰੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਵਿੱਤ ਪ੍ਰਦਾਨ ਕਰਨਾ ਸੀ।

• ਵਾਇਸਰਾਏ ਦੀ ਰੇਲ ਗੱਡੀ ਨੂੰ ਉਡਾ ਦਿੱਤਾ

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ਲਾਲਾ ਲਾਜਪਤ ਰਾਏ ਦੇ ਕਤਲ ਦਾ ਬਦਲਾ ਲੈਣ ਲਈ 17 ਦਸੰਬਰ 1928 ਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰੋਬੇਸ਼ਨਰੀ ਪੁਲਿਸ ਅਫਸਰ ਜੌਹਨ ਸਾਂਡਰਸ ਦੇ ਕਤਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਭਗਤ ਸਿੰਘ ਅਤੇ ਰਾਜਗੁਰੂ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਵੀ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਸੀ।

ਜਦੋਂ ਪੁਲਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਦੇ ਇਲਾਹਾਬਾਦ ਦੇ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਪਾਰਕ ਵਿਚ ਲੁਕੇ ਹੋਣ ਦੀ ਸੂਚਨਾ ਮਿਲੀ ਤਾਂ ਉਹ ਇਕੱਲੇ ਹੀ ਉਸ ਨਾਲ ਭਿੜ ਗਿਆ। ਜਵਾਬੀ ਕਾਰਵਾਈ ਵਿੱਚ, ਉਸਨੇ ਪੁਲਿਸ ‘ਤੇ ਗੋਲੀ ਚਲਾ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਪਰ ਆਖਰੀ ਗੋਲੀ ਨਾਲ ਉਸਨੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਮਾਰ ਲਿਆ, ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਉਸਨੇ ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਸਥਿਤੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਪੁਲਿਸ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਫੜਿਆ ਜਾਣਾ ਸਵੀਕਾਰ ਨਹੀਂ ਕੀਤਾ।

ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਨਾਂ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ‘ਆਜ਼ਾਦ’ ਮਰ ਗਿਆ। ਉਹ ਬਰਤਾਨਵੀ ਸਰਕਾਰ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਕੀਤੇ ਗਏ ਅਣਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਤਰੀਕੇ ਦੇ ਕਬਜ਼ੇ ਅਤੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਕੀਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਅਨੁਚਿਤ ਵਿਵਹਾਰ ਦੇ ਸਖ਼ਤ ਖਿਲਾਫ ਸਨ।

ਲੇਖ 2 (400 ਸ਼ਬਦ) – ਆਜ਼ਾਦ: ਇੱਕ ਨੌਜਵਾਨ ਇਨਕਲਾਬੀ

ਭਾਰਤੀ ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ ਦੀ ਲੜਾਈ ਵਿਚ ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਦਾ ਨਾਂ ਕਿਸੇ ਜਾਣ-ਪਛਾਣ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਭਾਰਤੀ ਕ੍ਰਾਂਤੀਕਾਰੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਸੂਚੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਜਾਣਿਆ-ਪਛਾਣਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਸਤਿਕਾਰਤ ਨਾਮ ਹੈ। ਛੋਟੀ ਉਮਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਸਦੀ ਹਿੰਮਤ ਅਤੇ ਨਿਡਰਤਾ ਨੇ ਉਸਨੂੰ ਭਾਰਤ ਦੇ ਨੌਜਵਾਨਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਹੁਤ ਮਸ਼ਹੂਰ ਬਣਾਇਆ।

ਆਜ਼ਾਦ – ਇੱਕ ਨੌਜਵਾਨ ਇਨਕਲਾਬੀ

ਬਹੁਤ ਛੋਟੀ ਉਮਰ ਵਿੱਚ, ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਨੂੰ ਬ੍ਰਿਟਿਸ਼ ਵਿਰੋਧੀ ਅੰਦੋਲਨਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਲੈਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ। ਉਹ ਸਿਰਫ 15 ਸਾਲ ਦੇ ਸਨ ਜਦੋਂ ਉਹ ਕਾਸ਼ੀ ਵਿਦਿਆਪੀਠ ਵਾਰਾਣਸੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਰਹੇ ਸਨ, ਤਦ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਮਹਾਤਮਾ ਗਾਂਧੀ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕੀਤੇ ਨਾ-ਮਿਲਵਰਤਣ ਅੰਦੋਲਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਰਗਰਮੀ ਨਾਲ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਲਿਆ। ਉਹ ਨਾ-ਮਿਲਵਰਤਣ ਅੰਦੋਲਨ ਵਿਚ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਲੈਣ ਲਈ ਜੇਲ੍ਹ ਜਾਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਨੌਜਵਾਨ ਅੰਦੋਲਨਕਾਰੀ ਸਨ।

ਸਿਰਫ਼ 15 ਸਾਲ ਦੀ ਉਮਰ ਵਿੱਚ, ਇੱਕ ਨੌਜਵਾਨ ਲਈ ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ ਦੀ ਲਹਿਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਲੈਣ ਲਈ ਬਹੁਤ ਛੋਟਾ ਸੀ, ਪਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਨੇ ਭਾਰਤ ਨੂੰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਇਹ ਲੜਾਈ ਲੜੀ ਸੀ। ਚੌਰੀ-ਚੌਰਾ ਕਾਂਡ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਜਦੋਂ ਮਹਾਤਮਾ ਗਾਂਧੀ ਨੇ 1922 ਵਿਚ ਅਸਹਿਯੋਗ ਅੰਦੋਲਨ ਨੂੰ ਖਤਮ ਕਰਨ ਦਾ ਫੈਸਲਾ ਕੀਤਾ ਤਾਂ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਇਸ ਫੈਸਲੇ ਤੋਂ ਖੁਸ਼ ਨਹੀਂ ਸਨ।

ਐਚ.ਆਰ.ਏ ਅਤੇ HSRA। ਨੂੰ ਸਮਰਥਨ

ਗਾਂਧੀ ਨੇ 1922 ਵਿੱਚ ਅਸਹਿਯੋਗ ਅੰਦੋਲਨ ਨੂੰ ਖਤਮ ਕਰਨ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ, ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਰਾਮ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦ ਬਿਸਮਿਲ ਦੇ ਸੰਪਰਕ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਇਆ, ਜਿਸ ਨੇ ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ ਰਿਪਬਲਿਕਨ ਐਸੋਸੀਏਸ਼ਨ (HRA) ਦੀ ਸਥਾਪਨਾ ਕੀਤੀ, ਇੱਕ ਸੰਗਠਨ ਜੋ ਕ੍ਰਾਂਤੀਕਾਰੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਸੀ।

ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਨੂੰ ਮੋਤੀ ਲਾਲ ਨਹਿਰੂ ਵਰਗੇ ਕਈ ਦਿੱਗਜ ਨੇਤਾਵਾਂ ਨੇ ਸਮਰਥਨ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਸੀ ਜੋ ਨਿਯਮਿਤ ਤੌਰ ‘ਤੇ H.R.A. ਸਹਾਇਤਾ ਲਈ ਪੈਸੇ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਗਏ ਸਨ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦਿਨਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਕਾਂਗਰਸੀ ਨੇਤਾਵਾਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਵੀ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦਾ ਸਮਰਥਨ ਕੀਤਾ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ, ਖਾਸ ਕਰਕੇ ਜਦੋਂ ਉਹ ਸੰਯੁਕਤ ਪ੍ਰਾਂਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਰਹਿ ਰਿਹਾ ਸੀ, ਜੋ ਕਿ ਇਹਨਾਂ ਦਿਨਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਉੱਤਰ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਝਾਂਸੀ ਦੇ ਨੇੜੇ ਹੈ, ਪੰਡਿਤ ਹਰੀਸ਼ੰਕਰ ਬ੍ਰਹਮਚਾਰੀ ਨਾਮ ਦੀ ਬਦਲੀ ਹੋਈ ਪਛਾਣ ਨਾਲ।

6 ਸਾਲਾਂ ਦੇ ਅੰਦਰ, ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਨੇ ਭਗਤ ਸਿੰਘ, ਅਸਫਾਕੁੱਲਾ ਖਾਨ, ਸੁਖਦੇਵ ਥਾਪਰ ਅਤੇ ਜਗਦੀਸ਼ ਚੰਦਰ ਚੈਟਰਜੀ ਨਾਲ ਮਿਲ ਕੇ ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ ਸੋਸ਼ਲਿਸਟ ਰਿਪਬਲਿਕਨ ਐਸੋਸੀਏਸ਼ਨ (HSRA) ਸੰਸਥਾ ਬਣਾਈ। 

9 ਅਗਸਤ 1925 ਨੂੰ ਕਾਕੋਰੀ ਰੇਲ ਡਕੈਤੀ ਕਾਂਡ ਦੀ ਸਾਜ਼ਿਸ਼ ਕਾਕੋਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਲਖਨਊ ਵਿਚਕਾਰ ਅੰਜਾਮ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਗਈ ਸੀ। ਰਾਮਪ੍ਰਸਾਦ ਬਿਸਮਿਲ ਅਤੇ ਅਸ਼ਫਾਕੁੱਲਾ ਖਾਨ ਦੇ ਸਹਿਯੋਗ ਨਾਲ, ਐਚ.ਆਰ.ਏ. ਸੰਸਥਾ ਦੀਆਂ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਫੰਡ ਦੇਣ ਅਤੇ ਸੰਸਥਾ ਲਈ ਹਥਿਆਰ ਖਰੀਦਣ ਦੀ ਨੀਅਤ ਨਾਲ ਇਹ ਲੁੱਟ ਕੀਤੀ ਗਈ ਸੀ।

ਸਰਕਾਰੀ ਖਜ਼ਾਨੇ ਲਈ ਪੈਸੇ ਲੈ ਕੇ ਜਾਣ ਵਾਲੀ ਇਸ ਰੇਲ ਗੱਡੀ ਨੂੰ ਬਿਸਮਿਲ, ਅਸ਼ਫਾਕੁੱਲਾ ਖਾਨ, ਰਾਜਿੰਦਰ ਲਹਿਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਐਚ.ਆਰ.ਏ. ਗਰੋਹ ਦੇ ਬਾਕੀ ਮੈਂਬਰਾਂ ਨੇ ਰੇਲ ਗੱਡੀ ਲੁੱਟੀ ਸੀ। ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਗਾਰਡ ਦੇ ਕੋਚ ਵਿੱਚ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਇੱਕ ਲੱਖ ਰੁਪਏ ਲੁੱਟ ਲਏ ਸਨ।

ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸਘਾਤ ਅਤੇ ਮੌਤ

27 ਫਰਵਰੀ 1931 ਨੂੰ ਜਦੋਂ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਇਲਾਹਾਬਾਦ ਦੇ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਪਾਰਕ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੁਕਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ। ਵੀਰਭੱਦਰ ਤਿਵਾਰੀ ਨਾਂ ਦਾ ਪੁਰਾਣਾ ਦੋਸਤ ਪੁਲਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਮੁਖਬਰ ਬਣ ਗਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਪੁਲਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਦੇ ਉੱਥੇ ਹੋਣ ਦੀ ਸੂਚਨਾ ਦਿੱਤੀ। ਪੁਲਿਸ ਨਾਲ ਲੜਦੇ ਹੋਏ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਨੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਕੋਲਟ ਪਿਸਤੌਲ ਨਾਲ ਗੋਲੀ ਚਲਾ ਦਿੱਤੀ, ਪਰ ਜਦੋਂ ਉਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਇੱਕ ਗੋਲੀ ਬਚੀ ਤਾਂ ਉਸਨੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਗੋਲੀ ਮਾਰ ਲਈ।

ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਆਪਣੇ ਸਾਥੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਹਾ ਕਰਦਾ ਸੀ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਕਦੇ ਫੜਿਆ ਨਹੀਂ ਜਾਵੇਗਾ ਅਤੇ ਹਮੇਸ਼ਾ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਰਹੇਗਾ। ਅਸਲ ਵਿੱਚ, ਉਹ ਗ੍ਰਿਫਤਾਰ ਹੋਣ ਦੀ ਸੂਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਵਾਧੂ ਗੋਲੀ ਆਪਣੇ ਨਾਲ ਲੈ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਸੀ, ਤਾਂ ਜੋ ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਮਾਰ ਸਕੇ।

ਲੇਖ 3 (600 ਸ਼ਬਦ) – ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ: ਪਰਿਵਾਰਕ ਅਤੇ ਇਨਕਲਾਬੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀ

ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਜਾਂ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ‘ਆਜ਼ਾਦ’ ਵਜੋਂ ਜਾਣਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਉਹ ਇੱਕ ਭਾਰਤੀ ਕ੍ਰਾਂਤੀਕਾਰੀ ਸੀ ਜੋ ਸਰਦਾਰ ਭਗਤ ਸਿੰਘ, ਰਾਮ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦ ਬਿਸਮਿਲ, ਅਸ਼ਫਾਕੁੱਲਾ ਖਾਨ ਅਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਸਾਰੇ ਕ੍ਰਾਂਤੀਕਾਰੀਆਂ ਦਾ ਸਮਕਾਲੀ ਸੀ। ਉਸਨੇ ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਬ੍ਰਿਟਿਸ਼ ਰਾਜ ਨੂੰ ਬਾਹਰ ਕੱਢਣ ਲਈ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੀਆਂ ਕ੍ਰਾਂਤੀਕਾਰੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਲਿਆ।

ਆਜ਼ਾਦ – ਆਜ਼ਾਦ

ਇਕ ਛੋਟੀ ਜਿਹੀ ਪਰ ਬਹੁਤ ਹੀ ਦਿਲਚਸਪ ਘਟਨਾ ਹੈ, ਜਦੋਂ ਕਿ ਉਸ ਦਾ ਜਨਮ ਦਾ ਨਾਂ ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਤਿਵਾਰੀ ਸੀ ਅਤੇ ਉਸ ਨੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਨਾਂ ਨਾਲ ‘ਆਜ਼ਾਦ’ ਨਾਂ ਜੋੜਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਉਹ ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਬਣ ਗਿਆ। 

ਸਿਰਫ਼ 15 ਸਾਲ ਦੀ ਉਮਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਨੂੰ ਨਾ-ਮਿਲਵਰਤਣ ਅੰਦੋਲਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਲੈਣ ਲਈ ਜੇਲ੍ਹ ਵਿੱਚ ਬੰਦ ਕਰ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ। ਜਦੋਂ ਇਕ ਨੌਜਵਾਨ ਲੜਕੇ ਨੂੰ ਮੈਜਿਸਟਰੇਟ ਦੇ ਸਾਹਮਣੇ ਪੇਸ਼ ਕੀਤਾ ਗਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਉਸ ਬਾਰੇ ਪੁੱਛਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਤਾਂ ਉਸ ਨੇ ਕਿਹਾ ਕਿ ਮੇਰਾ ਨਾਂ ‘ਆਜ਼ਾਦ’ ਹੈ, ਉਸ ਦੇ ਪਿਤਾ ਦਾ ਨਾਂ ‘ਸੁਤੰਤਰਤਾ’ (ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ) ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਉਸ ਦੀ ਰਿਹਾਇਸ਼ ‘ਜੇਲ੍ਹ’ ਹੈ।

ਇਸ ਘਟਨਾ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਨਾਮ ਦਾ ਖ਼ਿਤਾਬ “ਆਜ਼ਾਦ” ਬਣ ਗਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਤਿਵਾਰੀ ਤੋਂ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦਾ ਨਾਮ ‘ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ’ ਵਜੋਂ ਪ੍ਰਸਿੱਧ ਹੋਇਆ।

ਪਰਿਵਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ

ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਦੇ ਪੁਰਖੇ ਮੂਲ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਦਰਕਾ ਪਿੰਡ ਦੇ ਵਸਨੀਕ ਸਨ, ਜੋ ਕਿ ਕਾਨਪੁਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਥਿਤ ਹੈ, ਅਤੇ ਹੁਣ ਉਨਾਓ ਜ਼ਿਲ੍ਹੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਰਾਏਬਰੇਲੀ ਰੋਡ ਉੱਤੇ ਸਥਿਤ ਹੈ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦਾ ਜਨਮ 23 ਜੁਲਾਈ 1906 ਨੂੰ ਮੱਧ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਅਲੀਰਾਜਪੁਰ ਜ਼ਿਲ੍ਹੇ ਦੇ ਬਾਹਰਾ ਪਿੰਡ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ। ਉਸਦੀ ਮਾਤਾ ਦਾ ਨਾਮ ਜਗਰਾਣੀ ਦੇਵੀ ਤਿਵਾਰੀ ਸੀ, ਜੋ ਸੀਤਾਰਾਮ ਤਿਵਾੜੀ ਦੀ ਤੀਜੀ ਪਤਨੀ ਸੀ।

ਉਸਦਾ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਕਾਨਪੁਰ ਦੇ ਬਦਰਕਾ ਪਿੰਡ ਵਿੱਚ ਰਹਿੰਦਾ ਸੀ, ਪਰ ਉਸਦੇ ਪਹਿਲੇ ਬੱਚੇ ਸੁਖਦੇਵ (ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਦੇ ਵੱਡੇ ਭਰਾ) ਦੇ ਜਨਮ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਉਸਦਾ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ ਅਲੀਰਾਜਪੁਰ ਚਲਾ ਗਿਆ।

ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਦੀ ਮਾਂ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੀ ਸੀ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਸੰਸਕ੍ਰਿਤ ਦਾ ਵਿਦਵਾਨ ਬਣੇ। ਇਸ ਕਾਰਨ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਬਨਾਰਸ ਭੇਜ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਸੀ, ਜੋ ਕਿ ਇਸ ਵੇਲੇ ਵਾਰਾਣਸੀ ਦੀ ਕਾਸ਼ੀ ਵਿਦਿਆਪੀਠ ਹੈ। 1921 ਵਿੱਚ, ਜਦੋਂ ਉਹ ਵਾਰਾਣਸੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਰਹੇ ਸਨ, ਗਾਂਧੀ ਜੀ ਨੇ ਅਸਹਿਯੋਗ ਅੰਦੋਲਨ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕੀਤਾ ਅਤੇ ਨੌਜਵਾਨਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਇਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਵੱਡੀ ਗਿਣਤੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਲੈਣ ਦੀ ਅਪੀਲ ਕੀਤੀ।

ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਇਸ ਅੰਦੋਲਨ ਤੋਂ ਬਹੁਤ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਿਤ ਹੋਏ ਅਤੇ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਇਸ ਵਿਚ ਪੂਰੇ ਜੋਸ਼ ਅਤੇ ਉਤਸ਼ਾਹ ਨਾਲ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਲਿਆ। ਇਸ ਅੰਦੋਲਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਰਗਰਮੀ ਨਾਲ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਲੈਣ ਲਈ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਜੇਲ੍ਹ ਵੀ ਜਾਣਾ ਪਿਆ। ਜਦੋਂ ਗਾਂਧੀ ਜੀ ਨੇ 1922 ਵਿਚ ਚੌਰੀ-ਚੌਰਾ ਕਾਂਡ ਦੇ ਮੱਦੇਨਜ਼ਰ ਅਸਹਿਯੋਗ ਅੰਦੋਲਨ ਨੂੰ ਖਤਮ ਕਰਨ ਦਾ ਐਲਾਨ ਕੀਤਾ ਤਾਂ ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਖੁਸ਼ ਨਹੀਂ ਸਨ ਅਤੇ ਉੱਥੋਂ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਕ੍ਰਾਂਤੀਕਾਰੀ ਪਹੁੰਚ ਅਪਣਾਉਣ ਦਾ ਫੈਸਲਾ ਕੀਤਾ।

ਇਨਕਲਾਬੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ

ਅਸਹਿਯੋਗ ਅੰਦੋਲਨ ਦੇ ਅੰਤ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ, ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ ਰਿਪਬਲਿਕਨ ਐਸੋਸੀਏਸ਼ਨ (ਐਚਆਰਏ) ਦੇ ਸੰਸਥਾਪਕ ਰਾਮ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦ ਬਿਸਮਿਲ ਦੇ ਸੰਪਰਕ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਇਆ, ਜੋ ਇਨਕਲਾਬੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਸੀ। ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਐਚ.ਆਰ.ਏ. ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ ਸੋਸ਼ਲਿਸਟ ਰਿਪਬਲਿਕਨ ਐਸੋਸੀਏਸ਼ਨ (ਐਚ.ਐਸ.ਆਰ.ਏ.) ਦੇ ਨਾਮ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਦਲਿਆ ਗਿਆ।

ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਬ੍ਰਿਟਿਸ਼ ਸ਼ਾਸਨ ਦੇ ਕਈ ਨਿਯਮਾਂ ਦੇ ਖਿਲਾਫ ਕ੍ਰਾਂਤੀਕਾਰੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਸੀ। ਉਹ ਕਾਕੋਰੀ ਰੇਲ ਡਕੈਤੀ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਦੋਸ਼ੀ ਸੀ ਜਿਸ ਵਿਚ ਬ੍ਰਿਟਿਸ਼ ਸਰਕਾਰ ਦੇ ਖਜ਼ਾਨੇ ਨੂੰ ਲੁੱਟਿਆ ਜਾ ਰਿਹਾ ਸੀ। ਜੋ ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ਾਂ ਵੱਲੋਂ ਲਏ ਜਾ ਰਹੇ ਪੈਸੇ ਦੀ ਐੱਚ.ਆਰ.ਏ. ਇਨਕਲਾਬੀ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਫੰਡ ਦੇਣ ਲਈ ਲੁੱਟਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ।

ਉਹ ਭਾਰਤ ਦੇ ਵਾਇਸਰਾਏ ਲਾਰਡ ਇਰਵਿਨ ਨੂੰ ਲਿਜਾ ਰਹੀ ਰੇਲਗੱਡੀ ਨੂੰ ਉਡਾਉਣ ਦੀ ਕੋਸ਼ਿਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਵੀ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਸੀ, ਪਰ ਰੇਲਗੱਡੀ ਪਟੜੀ ਤੋਂ ਉਤਰ ਗਈ ਅਤੇ ਵਾਇਸਰਾਏ ਜ਼ਖਮੀ ਅਤੇ ਬੇਹੋਸ਼ ਹੋ ਗਿਆ।

ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ, ਭਗਤ ਸਿੰਘ ਅਤੇ ਰਾਜਗੁਰੂ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ, ਲਾਹੌਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਬੇਸ਼ਨਰੀ ਪੁਲਿਸ ਅਫਸਰ ਜੌਹਨ ਸਾਂਡਰਸ ਦੇ ਕਤਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਵੀ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਸੀ, ਜੋ ਇਨ੍ਹੀਂ ਦਿਨੀਂ ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੈ। ਪੁਲਿਸ ਵੱਲੋਂ ਲਾਲਾ ਲਾਜਪਤ ਰਾਏ ਦੇ ਕਤਲ ਦਾ ਬਦਲਾ ਲੈਣ ਲਈ ਇਹ ਸਾਜ਼ਿਸ਼ ਰਚੀ ਗਈ ਸੀ।

ਮੌਤ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਰਾਸਤ

ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਦੀ ਮੌਤ 27 ਫਰਵਰੀ 1931 ਨੂੰ ਅਲਫਰੇਡ ਪਾਰਕ, ​​ਇਲਾਹਾਬਾਦ, ਉੱਤਰ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿਖੇ ਹੋਈ। ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਇਸ ਦਾ ਨਾਂ ਬਦਲ ਕੇ ‘ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਪਾਰਕ’ ਰੱਖ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਗਿਆ। ਇੱਕ ਦਿਨ ਪਾਰਕ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਅਤੇ ਉਸਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਸਾਥੀ ਸੁਖਦੇਵ ਰਾਜ ਲੁਕੇ ਹੋਏ ਸਨ। ਇਕ ਪੁਰਾਣੇ ਕਰਿੰਦੇ ਨੇ ਕੁੱਟਮਾਰ ਕੀਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਉਸ ਨੇ ਪੁਲਸ ਨੂੰ ਸੂਚਨਾ ਦਿੱਤੀ।

ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਇੱਕ ਦਰੱਖਤ ਦੇ ਪਿੱਛੇ ਛੁਪ ਗਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਆਪਣੀ ਕੋਲਟ ਪਿਸਤੌਲ ਨਾਲ ਪੁਲਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਜਵਾਬ ਦੇਣ ਲੱਗਾ। ਉਸ ਨੇ ਸੁਖਦੇਵ ਰਾਜ ਨੂੰ ਉਥੋਂ ਭਜਾ ਦਿੱਤਾ। ਜਦੋਂ ਉਸ ਕੋਲ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਇੱਕ ਗੋਲੀ ਬਾਕੀ ਸੀ, ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਨੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਗੋਲੀ ਮਾਰ ਲਈ ਅਤੇ ਉਸ ਦੀ ਮੌਤ ਹੋ ਗਈ।

ਆਪਣੀ ਕੌਮ ਨੂੰ ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ ਹਕੂਮਤ ਤੋਂ ਮੁਕਤ ਕਰਵਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਸੇਵਕ ਵਰਗਾ ਜੀਵਨ ਬਤੀਤ ਕੀਤਾ। ਚੰਦਰਸ਼ੇਖਰ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਵਰਗੇ ਦਲੇਰ ਅਤੇ ਨਿਡਰ ਲੋਕ ਬਹੁਤ ਘੱਟ ਸਨ।

சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் இந்திய புரட்சியாளர்களிடையே மிகவும் பிரபலமான பெயர், தனது தாய் மண்ணின் சுதந்திரத்திற்காக அனைத்தையும் தியாகம் செய்தவர். கீழே கொடுக்கப்பட்டுள்ள கட்டுரையில், சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத்தின் வாழ்க்கைப் போராட்டம் மற்றும் பல சுவாரஸ்யமான உண்மைகளைப் பற்றி விவாதிப்போம்.

சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் பற்றிய குறுகிய மற்றும் நீண்ட கட்டுரைகள்

கட்டுரை 1 (250 வார்த்தைகள்) – சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத்: ஒரு புரட்சியாளர்.

சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் இந்தியாவில் பிறந்த ஒரு துணிச்சலான மற்றும் புரட்சியாளர், அவர் தனது புரட்சிகர நடவடிக்கைகளுக்காக எப்போதும் நினைவுகூரப்படுகிறார். அவரது சாகச நடவடிக்கைகளால் இந்திய இளைஞர்கள் மத்தியில் ஹீரோவாக அறியப்படுகிறார். அவரது பெயருக்கு ஏற்ப, பிரிட்டிஷ் சாம்ராஜ்யத்திற்கு எதிராக பல புரட்சிகர நடவடிக்கைகள் செய்த பிறகும், ஆங்கிலேயர்களால் அவரைப் பிடிக்கவே முடியவில்லை.

அவரது புரட்சிகர செயல்பாடுகளை ஒரு பார்வை

சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் இந்துஸ்தான் குடியரசுக் கழகத்துடன் (HRA) தொடர்புடையவர், இது 1928 இல் இந்துஸ்தான் சோசலிஸ்ட் குடியரசுக் கட்சி (HSRA) என அறியப்பட்டது. இரு அமைப்புகளும் ஆங்கிலேயர் ஆட்சிக்கு எதிரான புரட்சிகர நடவடிக்கைகளில் பங்கு பெற்றன, அந்த நடவடிக்கைகளில் சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் எப்போதும் முன்னோக்கி இருக்க வேண்டும். சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் தொடர்பான சில முக்கியமான நடவடிக்கைகள் கீழே காட்டப்பட்டுள்ளன –

ககோரி ரயில் கொள்ளை

இந்த ரயில் கொள்ளை சம்பவம் 9 ஆகஸ்ட் 1925 அன்று லக்னோவிற்கு அருகிலுள்ள ககோரியில் சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் மற்றும் ஹிந்துஸ்தான் குடியரசுக் கட்சியின் (HRA) பிற கூட்டாளிகளால் நடத்தப்பட்டது. இந்த நிகழ்வின் முக்கிய நோக்கம் சங்கத்தின் புரட்சிகர நடவடிக்கைகளுக்கு நிதியளிப்பதாகும்.

• வைஸ்ராய் ரயில் வெடித்தது

1926 ஆம் ஆண்டு டிசம்பர் 23 ஆம் தேதி வைஸ்ராய் லார்ட் இர்வின் பயணித்த ரயில் மீது குண்டுவெடித்ததில் சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் ஈடுபட்டார். இருப்பினும், இந்த சம்பவத்தில் ரயில் தடம் புரண்டது மற்றும் வைஸ்ராய் மயக்கமடைந்தார்.

• சாண்டர்ஸ் கொலை

லாலா லஜபதி ராயின் கொலைக்குப் பழிவாங்குவதற்காக பகத் சிங் மற்றும் ராஜ்குருவுடன் சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத், 1928 டிசம்பர் 17 அன்று தகுதிகாண் போலீஸ் அதிகாரி ஜான் சாண்டர்ஸின் கொலையில் ஈடுபட்டார்.

அலகாபாத்தில் உள்ள ஆசாத் பூங்காவில் சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் பதுங்கி இருப்பதாக போலீசாருக்கு தகவல் கிடைத்ததும், அவருடன் தனியாக மோதினார். பழிவாங்கும் நடவடிக்கையில், அவர் காவல்துறையினரை நோக்கி துப்பாக்கியால் சுட்டார், ஆனால் எந்த சூழ்நிலையிலும் காவல்துறையிடம் பிடிபடுவதை ஏற்காததால் கடைசி தோட்டாவால் தன்னைத்தானே சுட்டுக் கொண்டார்.

அவர் பெயரின்படி ‘ஆசாத்’ இறந்தார். பிரிட்டிஷ் அரசாங்கத்தின் மனிதாபிமானமற்ற ஆக்கிரமிப்பு மற்றும் மக்களை நியாயமற்ற முறையில் நடத்துவதற்கு அவர் கடுமையாக எதிராக இருந்தார்.

கட்டுரை 2 (400 வார்த்தைகள்) – ஆசாத்: ஒரு இளம் புரட்சியாளர்

இந்திய சுதந்திரப் போராட்டப் போராட்டத்தில் சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத்தின் பெயரைச் சொல்லத் தேவையில்லை. இந்தியப் புரட்சியாளர்களின் பட்டியலில் நன்கு அறியப்பட்ட மற்றும் மதிக்கப்படும் பெயர். இளம் வயதிலேயே அவரது தைரியமும், அச்சமின்மையும் அவரை இந்திய இளைஞர்களிடையே மிகவும் பிரபலமாக்கியது.

ஆசாத் – ஒரு இளம் புரட்சியாளர்

மிக இளம் வயதிலேயே, ஆசாத் பிரிட்டிஷ் எதிர்ப்பு இயக்கங்களில் பங்கேற்க தூண்டப்பட்டார். காசி வித்யாபீத் வாரணாசியில் படிக்கும் போது அவருக்கு 15 வயதுதான், அப்போது மகாத்மா காந்தி நடத்திய ஒத்துழையாமை இயக்கத்தில் தீவிரமாகப் பங்கேற்றார். ஒத்துழையாமை இயக்கத்தில் பங்கேற்று சிறை சென்ற இளைய போராட்டக்காரர்.

வெறும் 15 வயது, ஒரு இளைஞன் சுதந்திரப் போராட்டத்தில் பங்கேற்க முடியாத அளவுக்கு இளமையாக இருந்தான், ஆனால் இந்தியாவை சுதந்திரமாக்க ஆசாத் இந்தப் போரில் ஈடுபட்டார். சௌரி-சௌரா சம்பவத்திற்குப் பிறகு, மகாத்மா காந்தி 1922-ல் ஒத்துழையாமை இயக்கத்தை முடிவுக்குக் கொண்டுவர முடிவு செய்தபோது, ​​​​ஆசாத் இந்த முடிவில் மகிழ்ச்சியடையவில்லை.

HRA மற்றும் எச்.எஸ்.ஆர்.ஏ. ஆதரவு

காந்தி ஒத்துழையாமை இயக்கத்தை 1922 இல் முடிவுக்குக் கொண்டுவந்த பிறகு, புரட்சிகர நடவடிக்கைகளில் ஈடுபட்டுள்ள இந்துஸ்தான் குடியரசுக் கழகத்தை (HRA) நிறுவிய ராம் பிரசாத் பிஸ்மிலுடன் ஆசாத் தொடர்பு கொண்டார்.

எச்.ஆர்.ஏ.வில் தவறாமல் கலந்து கொண்ட மோதிலால் நேரு போன்ற பல உறுதியான தலைவர்கள் சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத்தை ஆதரித்தனர். உதவிக்கு பணம் வழங்கப்பட்டது அந்த நாட்களில் அவர் பல காங்கிரஸ் தலைவர்களால் ஆதரிக்கப்பட்டார், குறிப்பாக அவர் இந்த நாட்களில் உத்தரபிரதேசத்தின் ஜான்சிக்கு அருகில் உள்ள ஐக்கிய மாகாணங்களில், பண்டிட் ஹரிசங்கர் பிரம்மச்சாரி என்ற மாற்றப்பட்ட அடையாளத்துடன் வாழ்ந்தபோது.

6 ஆண்டுகளுக்குள், சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் பகத் சிங், அஸ்பகுல்லா கான், சுக்தேவ் தாப்பர் மற்றும் ஜகதீஷ் சந்திர சட்டர்ஜி ஆகியோருடன் இணைந்து இந்துஸ்தான் சோசலிஸ்ட் குடியரசுக் கழகம் (HSRA) நிறுவனத்தை உருவாக்கினார். 

9 ஆகஸ்ட் 1925 அன்று ககோரி ரயில் கொள்ளை சம்பவத்தின் சதி ககோரி மற்றும் லக்னோ இடையே நிறைவேற்றப்பட்டது. ராம்பிரசாத் பிஸ்மில் மற்றும் அஷ்பகுல்லா கான் ஆகியோருடன் இணைந்து, எச்.ஆர்.ஏ. அமைப்பின் நடவடிக்கைகளுக்கு நிதியுதவி செய்து, அமைப்புக்கு ஆயுதங்கள் வாங்கும் நோக்கத்தில் கொள்ளையடிக்கப்பட்டது.

அரசாங்க கருவூலத்திற்கு பணம் கொண்டு செல்லும் இந்த ரயிலை பிஸ்மில், அஷ்பகுல்லா கான், ராஜேந்திர லஹிரி மற்றும் எச்.ஆர்.ஏ. கும்பலைச் சேர்ந்த மற்ற நபர்கள் ரயிலில் கொள்ளையடித்துள்ளனர். காவலாளியின் கோச்சில் இருந்த ஒரு லட்சம் ரூபாயை கொள்ளையடித்து சென்றுள்ளனர்.

துரோகம் மற்றும் மரணம்

27 பிப்ரவரி 1931 அன்று, அலகாபாத்தில் உள்ள ஆசாத் பூங்காவில் ஆசாத் மறைந்திருந்த போது. வீரபத்ர திவாரி என்ற பழைய நண்பர் போலீஸ் இன்பார்மர் ஆகி, ஆசாத் அங்கு இருப்பதைப் பற்றி போலீஸுக்குத் தெரிவித்தார். காவல்துறையினருடன் சண்டையிடும் போது, ​​ஆசாத் தனது கோல்ட் பிஸ்டலால் துப்பாக்கியால் சுட்டார், ஆனால் அதில் ஒரே ஒரு தோட்டா மீதம் இருந்தபோது, ​​அவர் தன்னைத்தானே சுட்டுக் கொண்டார்.

ஆசாத் தன் தோழர்களிடம், தான் ஒரு போதும் பிடிபட மாட்டான் என்றும் சுதந்திரமாகவே இருப்பேன் என்றும் சொல்லிக் கொண்டிருந்தான். உண்மையில், அவர் கைது செய்யப்பட்டால், அவர் தன்னைக் கொன்றுவிடக்கூடிய கூடுதல் தோட்டாவை தன்னுடன் எடுத்துச் செல்வார்.

கட்டுரை 3 (600 வார்த்தைகள்) – சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத்: குடும்பம் மற்றும் புரட்சிகர செயல்பாடு

சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் அல்லது ‘ஆசாத்’ என்று அழைக்கப்படுபவர், அவர் சர்தார் பகத் சிங், ராம் பிரசாத் பிஸ்மில், அஷ்பகுல்லா கான் மற்றும் பிற புரட்சியாளர்களின் சமகாலத்தவராக இருந்த ஒரு இந்தியப் புரட்சியாளர் ஆவார். ஆங்கிலேயர் ஆட்சியை இந்தியாவில் இருந்து வெளிக்கொணர பல புரட்சிகர நடவடிக்கைகளில் பங்குகொண்டார்.

ஆசாத் – தி ஃப்ரீ

ஒரு சிறிய ஆனால் மிகவும் சுவாரஸ்யமான சம்பவம் உள்ளது, அவரது பிறந்த பெயர் சந்திரசேகர் திவாரி மற்றும் அவர் தனது பெயருடன் ‘ஆசாத்’ என்ற பெயரைச் சேர்த்து, அவர் சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் ஆனார். 

15 வயதில், ஒத்துழையாமை இயக்கத்தில் பங்கேற்றதற்காக ஆசாத் சிறையில் அடைக்கப்பட்டார். ஒரு சிறுவனை மாஜிஸ்திரேட் முன் ஆஜர்படுத்தி அவனைப் பற்றிக் கேட்டபோது, ​​என் பெயர் ‘ஆசாத்’ என்றும், அவனது தந்தையின் பெயர் ‘சுதந்திரதா’ (சுதந்திரம்) என்றும், அவன் வசிப்பிடம் ‘ஜெயில்’ என்றும் கூறினார்.

இந்த சம்பவத்திற்குப் பிறகு “ஆசாத்” என்பது அவரது பெயரின் தலைப்பாக மாறியது மற்றும் அவரது பெயர் சந்திரசேகர் திவாரியின் ‘சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத்’ என்று பிரபலமாக அறியப்பட்டது.

குடும்பம் மற்றும் செல்வாக்கு

ஆசாத்தின் மூதாதையர்கள் முதலில் கான்பூரில் அமைந்துள்ள படர்கா கிராமத்தில் வசிப்பவர்கள், இப்போது உன்னாவ் மாவட்டத்தில் ரேபரேலி சாலையில் அமைந்துள்ளது. மத்தியப் பிரதேசத்தின் அலிராஜ்பூர் மாவட்டத்தில் உள்ள பஹ்ரா கிராமத்தில் 1906 ஆம் ஆண்டு ஜூலை 23 ஆம் தேதி பிறந்தார். அவரது தாயார் பெயர் ஜாக்ராணி தேவி திவாரி, அவர் சீதாராம் திவாரியின் மூன்றாவது மனைவி.

அவரது குடும்பம் முன்பு கான்பூரின் படர்கா கிராமத்தில் வசித்து வந்தது, ஆனால் அவரது முதல் குழந்தை சுக்தேவ் (ஆசாத்தின் மூத்த சகோதரர்) பிறந்த பிறகு, அவரது குடும்பம் அலிராஜ்பூருக்கு குடிபெயர்ந்தது.

சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத்தின் தாயார் அவர் சமஸ்கிருத பண்டிதராக வேண்டும் என்று விரும்பினார். இந்த காரணத்திற்காக, அவர் அவரை தற்போது வாரணாசியின் காசி வித்யாபீடத்தில் உள்ள பனாரஸுக்கு அனுப்பினார். 1921-ல் வாரணாசியில் படித்துக் கொண்டிருந்தபோது, ​​காந்திஜி ஒத்துழையாமை இயக்கத்தைத் தொடங்கி, இளைஞர்களை அதில் திரளாகப் பங்கேற்கச் செய்தார்.

ஆசாத் இந்த இயக்கத்தால் பெரிதும் பாதிக்கப்பட்டார், அவர் முழு ஆர்வத்துடனும் ஆர்வத்துடனும் அதில் பங்கேற்றார். இந்த இயக்கத்தில் தீவிரமாகப் பங்கேற்றதற்காக அவர் சிறைக்குச் செல்ல வேண்டியிருந்தது. 1922 ஆம் ஆண்டு சௌரி-சௌரா சம்பவத்தைத் தொடர்ந்து ஒத்துழையாமை இயக்கத்தை முடிவுக்குக் கொண்டுவருவதாக காந்திஜி அறிவித்தபோது, ​​சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் மகிழ்ச்சியடையவில்லை, அங்கிருந்து புரட்சிகர அணுகுமுறையைக் கடைப்பிடிக்க முடிவு செய்தார்.

புரட்சிகர நடவடிக்கைகள்

ஒத்துழையாமை இயக்கம் முடிவுக்கு வந்த பிறகு, புரட்சிகர நடவடிக்கைகளில் ஈடுபட்டு வந்த ஹிந்துஸ்தான் குடியரசுக் கட்சியின் (HRA) நிறுவனர் ராம் பிரசாத் பிஸ்மிலுடன் சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் தொடர்பு கொண்டார். பின்னர் எச்.ஆர்.ஏ. இந்துஸ்தான் சோசலிஸ்ட் குடியரசுக் கழகம் (HSRA) என்ற பெயரில் மாற்றப்பட்டது.

சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் பிரிட்டிஷ் ஆட்சியின் பல விதிகளுக்கு எதிராக புரட்சிகர நடவடிக்கைகளில் ஈடுபட்டார். ஆங்கிலேய அரசின் கருவூலம் கொண்டு செல்லப்பட்ட ககோரி ரயில் கொள்ளையில் முக்கிய குற்றவாளியாக இருந்தவர். ஆங்கிலேயர்கள் எடுக்கும் பணத்திற்கு எது எச்.ஆர்.ஏ. புரட்சிகர நடவடிக்கைகளுக்கு நிதியளிக்க கொள்ளையடிக்கப்பட்டது.

இந்தியாவின் வைஸ்ராய் பிரபு இர்வின் பயணித்த ரயிலை வெடிக்கச் செய்யும் முயற்சியிலும் அவர் ஈடுபட்டார், ஆனால் ரயில் தடம் புரண்டது மற்றும் வைஸ்ராய் காயமடைந்து மயக்கமடைந்தார்.

பகத் சிங் மற்றும் ராஜ்குருவுடன் சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத் இந்த நாட்களில் பாகிஸ்தானில் உள்ள லாகூரில் உள்ள ஒரு தகுதிகாண் போலீஸ் அதிகாரி ஜான் சாண்டர்ஸின் கொலையிலும் ஈடுபட்டார். லாலா லஜபதி ராயை காவல்துறை கொன்றதற்கு பழிவாங்க இந்த சதி திட்டம் தீட்டப்பட்டது.

மரணம் மற்றும் பரம்பரை

ஆசாத் 1931 ஆம் ஆண்டு பிப்ரவரி 27 ஆம் தேதி உத்தரபிரதேசத்தில் அலகாபாத்தில் உள்ள ஆல்பிரட் பூங்காவில் இறந்தார். சுதந்திரத்திற்குப் பிறகு அதன் பெயர் ‘ஆசாத் பூங்கா’ என மாற்றப்பட்டது. ஒரு நாள் பூங்காவில், ஆசாத் மற்றும் அவரது தோழர்களில் ஒருவரான சுக்தேவ் ராஜ், பூங்காவில் ஒளிந்து கொண்டிருந்தனர். ஒரு பழைய திறமையான கூட்டாளி காட்டிக் கொடுத்தார், அவர் காவல்துறைக்கு தகவல் கொடுத்தார்.

ஆசாத் ஒரு மரத்தின் பின்னால் ஒளிந்துகொண்டு தனது கோல்ட் பிஸ்டலால் காவல்துறைக்கு பதிலளிக்கத் தொடங்கினார். சுக்தேவ் ராஜை அங்கிருந்து விரட்டினார். ஒரே ஒரு தோட்டா மீதம் இருந்தபோது, ​​ஆசாத் தன்னைத்தானே சுட்டுக்கொண்டு இறந்தார்.

ஆங்கிலேயர் ஆட்சியில் இருந்து தனது தேசத்தை விடுவிக்க, அவர் ஒரு தேச சேவகனைப் போல வாழ்க்கையை நடத்தினார். சந்திரசேகர் ஆசாத்தைப் போல தைரியமும், அச்சமும் இல்லாதவர்கள் மிகக் குறைவு.

తన మాతృభూమి స్వాతంత్ర్యం కోసం సర్వస్వం త్యాగం చేసిన భారతీయ విప్లవకారులలో చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ చాలా ప్రసిద్ధి చెందిన పేరు. ఇక్కడ క్రింద ఇవ్వబడిన వ్యాసంలో, చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ జీవిత పోరాటం మరియు అనేక ఇతర ఆసక్తికరమైన విషయాలను గురించి చర్చిస్తాము.

చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ పై చిన్న మరియు పొడవైన వ్యాసాలు

వ్యాసం 1 (250 పదాలు) – చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్: ఒక విప్లవకారుడు.

చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ భారతదేశంలో జన్మించిన ధైర్యవంతుడు మరియు విప్లవకారుడు, అతను తన విప్లవ కార్యకలాపాలకు ఎల్లప్పుడూ గుర్తుంచుకుంటాడు. అతని సాహసోపేత కార్యకలాపాల కారణంగా, అతను భారతీయ యువతలో హీరోగా పేరు పొందాడు. అతని పేరుకు తగ్గట్లుగా, బ్రిటిష్ సామ్రాజ్యానికి వ్యతిరేకంగా అనేక విప్లవాత్మక కార్యకలాపాలు చేసినప్పటికీ, బ్రిటిష్ వారు అతన్ని పట్టుకోలేకపోయారు.

ఆయన విప్లవ కార్యకలాపాలపై ఓ లుక్కేయండి

చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ హిందుస్థాన్ రిపబ్లికన్ అసోసియేషన్ (HRA)తో అనుబంధం కలిగి ఉన్నాడు, ఇది 1928లో హిందూస్తాన్ సోషలిస్ట్ రిపబ్లికన్ అసోసియేషన్ (HSRA)గా పిలువబడింది. బ్రిటీష్ పాలనకు వ్యతిరేకంగా రెండు సంస్థలు విప్లవాత్మక కార్యకలాపాలలో పాల్గొన్నాయి మరియు చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ ఆ కార్యకలాపాలలో ఎల్లప్పుడూ ముందు ఉండాలి. చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్‌కి సంబంధించిన కొన్ని ముఖ్యమైన కార్యకలాపాలు క్రింద ప్రదర్శించబడ్డాయి –

కాకోరి రైలు దోపిడీ

ఈ రైలు దోపిడీ సంఘటన 9 ఆగస్ట్ 1925న లక్నో సమీపంలోని కాకోరిలో చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ మరియు హిందుస్థాన్ రిపబ్లికన్ అసోసియేషన్ (HRA) యొక్క ఇతర సహచరులచే నిర్వహించబడింది. సంఘ్ యొక్క విప్లవాత్మక కార్యకలాపాలకు ఆర్థిక సహాయం చేయడం ఈ కార్యక్రమం యొక్క ముఖ్య ఉద్దేశ్యం.

• వైస్రాయ్ రైలు పేల్చివేయబడింది

23 డిసెంబర్ 1926న వైస్రాయ్ లార్డ్ ఇర్విన్ ప్రయాణిస్తున్న రైలుపై బాంబు దాడిలో చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ కూడా పాల్గొన్నాడు. అయితే ఈ ఘటనలో రైలు పట్టాలు తప్పడంతో వైస్రాయ్ అపస్మారక స్థితికి చేరుకున్నాడు.

• సాండర్స్ హత్య

లాలా లజపతిరాయ్ హత్యకు ప్రతీకారంగా 17 డిసెంబర్ 1928న ప్రొబేషనరీ పోలీసు అధికారి జాన్ సాండర్స్ హత్యలో భగత్ సింగ్ మరియు రాజ్‌గురుతో పాటు చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ కూడా పాల్గొన్నారు.

అలహాబాద్‌లోని ఆజాద్‌ పార్క్‌లో చంద్రశేఖర్‌ ఆజాద్‌ తలదాచుకున్నాడని పోలీసులకు సమాచారం అందడంతో ఒక్కడే అతనితో గొడవపడ్డాడు. ప్రతీకార చర్యగా, అతను పోలీసులపై కాల్పులు జరిపాడు, అయితే అతను ఎట్టి పరిస్థితుల్లోనూ పోలీసులకు పట్టుబడటానికి అంగీకరించనందున చివరి బుల్లెట్‌తో ఆత్మహత్య చేసుకున్నాడు.

అతను తన పేరు ప్రకారం ‘ఆజాద్’ మరణించాడు. అతను బ్రిటిష్ ప్రభుత్వం యొక్క అమానవీయ ఆక్రమణ మరియు ప్రజల పట్ల అన్యాయంగా ప్రవర్తించే విధానాన్ని తీవ్రంగా వ్యతిరేకించాడు.

వ్యాసం 2 (400 పదాలు) – ఆజాద్: ఒక యువ విప్లవకారుడు

భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య పోరాటంలో చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ పేరు పరిచయం అవసరం లేదు. ఇది భారతీయ విప్లవకారుల జాబితాలో బాగా తెలిసిన మరియు గౌరవనీయమైన పేరు. చిన్న వయస్సులోనే అతని ధైర్యం మరియు నిర్భయత అతన్ని భారతదేశంలోని యువతలో బాగా ప్రాచుర్యం పొందాయి.

ఆజాద్ – యువ విప్లవకారుడు

చాలా చిన్న వయస్సులో, ఆజాద్ బ్రిటిష్ వ్యతిరేక ఉద్యమాలలో పాల్గొనడానికి ప్రేరణ పొందారు. కాశీ విద్యాపీఠం వారణాసిలో చదువుతున్నప్పుడు అతని వయస్సు కేవలం 15 సంవత్సరాలు, అప్పుడు అతను మహాత్మా గాంధీ నిర్వహించిన సహాయ నిరాకరణ ఉద్యమంలో చురుకుగా పాల్గొన్నాడు. సహాయ నిరాకరణ ఉద్యమంలో పాల్గొని జైలుకు వెళ్లిన అతి పిన్న వయస్కుడు.

కేవలం 15 సంవత్సరాల వయస్సు, యువకుడికి స్వాతంత్ర్య ఉద్యమంలో పాల్గొనడానికి చాలా చిన్న వయస్సు, కానీ ఆజాద్ భారతదేశాన్ని స్వతంత్రంగా చేయడానికి ఈ పోరాటం చేశాడు. చౌరీ-చౌరా సంఘటన తర్వాత, మహాత్మా గాంధీ 1922లో సహాయ నిరాకరణ ఉద్యమాన్ని ముగించాలని నిర్ణయించినప్పుడు, ఆజాద్ ఈ నిర్ణయంతో సంతోషించలేదు.

HRA మరియు HSRA. మద్దతు

1922లో గాంధీ సహాయ నిరాకరణ ఉద్యమాన్ని ముగించిన తర్వాత, విప్లవ కార్యకలాపాల్లో పాలుపంచుకున్న హిందూస్థాన్ రిపబ్లికన్ అసోసియేషన్ (HRA)ను స్థాపించిన రామ్ ప్రసాద్ బిస్మిల్‌తో ఆజాద్‌కు పరిచయం ఏర్పడింది.

చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్‌కు మోతీలాల్ నెహ్రూ వంటి ఎందరో ప్రముఖ నాయకులు మద్దతిచ్చారు. మద్దతు కోసం డబ్బు ఇచ్చారు పండిట్ హరిశంకర్ బ్రహ్మచారి అనే మారిన గుర్తింపుతో ఈ రోజుల్లో ఉత్తర ప్రదేశ్‌లోని ఝాన్సీకి సమీపంలో ఉన్న యునైటెడ్ ప్రావిన్సెస్‌లో నివసిస్తున్నప్పుడు, ఆ రోజుల్లో చాలా మంది కాంగ్రెస్ నాయకులు కూడా అతనికి మద్దతు ఇచ్చారు.

6 సంవత్సరాలలో, చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ భగత్ సింగ్, అస్ఫాఖుల్లా ఖాన్, సుఖ్‌దేవ్ థాపర్ మరియు జగదీష్ చంద్ర ఛటర్జీలతో కలిసి హిందుస్థాన్ సోషలిస్ట్ రిపబ్లికన్ అసోసియేషన్ (HSRA) సంస్థను స్థాపించారు. 

1925 ఆగస్టు 9న కాకోరి రైలు దోపిడీ ఘటన కుట్రను కాకోరి మరియు లక్నో మధ్య అమలు చేశారు. రాంప్రసాద్ బిస్మిల్ మరియు అష్ఫాఖుల్లా ఖాన్‌ల సహకారంతో, హెచ్.ఆర్.ఎ. సంస్థ యొక్క కార్యకలాపాలకు నిధులు సమకూర్చడం మరియు సంస్థ కోసం ఆయుధాలు కొనుగోలు చేయాలనే ఉద్దేశ్యంతో ఇది లూటీ చేయబడింది.

ప్రభుత్వ ఖజానాకు డబ్బు తీసుకువెళుతున్న ఈ రైలును బిస్మిల్, అష్ఫాఖుల్లా ఖాన్, రాజేంద్ర లాహిరి మరియు హెచ్.ఆర్.ఎ. ముఠాలోని ఇతర సభ్యులు రైలులో దోపిడీకి పాల్పడ్డారు. గార్డు కోచ్‌లో ఉన్న లక్ష రూపాయలను దోచుకున్నారు.

ద్రోహం మరియు మరణం

1931 ఫిబ్రవరి 27న అలహాబాద్‌లోని ఆజాద్ పార్క్‌లో ఆజాద్ దాక్కున్నప్పుడు. వీరభద్ర తివారీ అనే పాత స్నేహితుడు పోలీసు ఇన్‌ఫార్మర్‌గా మారాడు మరియు ఆజాద్ అక్కడ ఉన్నాడని పోలీసులకు సమాచారం ఇచ్చాడు. పోలీసులతో పోరాడుతున్న సమయంలో, ఆజాద్ తన కోల్ట్ పిస్టల్‌తో కాల్పులు జరిపాడు, కానీ అందులో ఒక్క బుల్లెట్ మాత్రమే మిగిలి ఉండగా, అతను తనను తాను కాల్చుకున్నాడు.

ఆజాద్ తన సహచరులకు తాను ఎప్పుడూ పట్టుబడనని, ఎప్పుడూ స్వేచ్ఛగా ఉంటానని చెప్పేవాడు. వాస్తవానికి, తనను అరెస్టు చేసిన సందర్భంలో అతను తనతో పాటు అదనపు బుల్లెట్‌ను తీసుకెళ్లేవాడు, తద్వారా అతను ఆత్మహత్య చేసుకున్నాడు.

వ్యాసం 3 (600 పదాలు) – చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్: కుటుంబం మరియు విప్లవాత్మక కార్యాచరణ

చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ లేదా కేవలం ‘ఆజాద్’ అని పిలుస్తారు, అతను భారతీయ విప్లవకారుడు, అతను సర్దార్ భగత్ సింగ్, రామ్ ప్రసాద్ బిస్మిల్, అష్ఫాఖుల్లా ఖాన్ మరియు ఇతర విప్లవకారుల సమకాలీనుడు. భారతదేశం నుండి బ్రిటిష్ పాలనను తీసుకురావడానికి అతను అనేక విప్లవాత్మక కార్యకలాపాలలో పాల్గొన్నాడు.

ఆజాద్ – ది ఫ్రీ

ఒక చిన్న కానీ చాలా ఆసక్తికరమైన సంఘటన ఉంది, అతని పుట్టిన పేరు చంద్రశేఖర్ తివారీ మరియు అతను తన పేరుకు ‘ఆజాద్’ అనే పేరును చేర్చుకున్నాడు మరియు అతను చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ అయ్యాడు. 

కేవలం 15 ఏళ్ల వయసులో సహాయ నిరాకరణ ఉద్యమంలో పాల్గొన్నందుకు ఆజాద్ జైలు పాలయ్యారు. ఒక చిన్న పిల్లవాడిని మేజిస్ట్రేట్ ముందు హాజరుపరిచి అతని గురించి అడిగినప్పుడు, అతను నా పేరు ‘ఆజాద్’ అని, అతని తండ్రి పేరు ‘స్వతంత్రత’ (స్వేచ్ఛ) మరియు అతని నివాస స్థలం ‘జైలు’ అని చెప్పాడు.

ఈ సంఘటన తర్వాత “ఆజాద్” అతని పేరు యొక్క బిరుదుగా మారింది మరియు అతని పేరు చంద్రశేఖర్ తివారీ నుండి ‘చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్’గా ప్రసిద్ధి చెందింది.

కుటుంబం మరియు ప్రభావం

ఆజాద్ పూర్వీకులు నిజానికి కాన్పూర్‌లో ఉన్న బదర్కా గ్రామ నివాసితులు మరియు ఇప్పుడు ఉన్నావ్ జిల్లాలోని రాయ్ బరేలీ రోడ్డులో ఉన్నారు. అతను మధ్యప్రదేశ్‌లోని అలీరాజ్‌పూర్ జిల్లాలోని బహ్రా గ్రామంలో 23 జూలై 1906న జన్మించాడు. అతని తల్లి పేరు జాగ్రణి దేవి తివారీ, ఆమె సీతారాం తివారీ యొక్క మూడవ భార్య.

అతని కుటుంబం అంతకుముందు కాన్పూర్‌లోని బదర్కా గ్రామంలో నివసించారు, కానీ అతని మొదటి బిడ్డ సుఖ్‌దేవ్ (ఆజాద్ అన్నయ్య) పుట్టిన తర్వాత అతని కుటుంబం అలీరాజ్‌పూర్‌కు మారింది.

చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ తల్లి అతను సంస్కృత పండితుడిని కావాలని కోరుకుంది. ఈ కారణంగా, అతను ప్రస్తుతం వారణాసిలోని కాశీ విద్యాపీఠంలో ఉన్న బనారస్‌కు పంపాడు. 1921లో తాను వారణాసిలో చదువుతున్నప్పుడు గాంధీజీ సహాయ నిరాకరణ ఉద్యమాన్ని ప్రారంభించి అందులో యువత పెద్దఎత్తున పాల్గొనాలని పిలుపునిచ్చారు.

ఆజాద్ ఈ ఉద్యమం ద్వారా బాగా ప్రభావితమయ్యాడు మరియు అతను పూర్తి ఉత్సాహంతో మరియు ఉత్సాహంతో పాల్గొన్నాడు. ఈ ఉద్యమంలో చురుగ్గా పాల్గొని జైలుకు కూడా వెళ్లాల్సి వచ్చింది. 1922లో చౌరీ-చౌరా ఘటన నేపథ్యంలో గాంధీజీ సహాయ నిరాకరణోద్యమాన్ని ముగించినట్లు ప్రకటించినప్పుడు చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ సంతోషించలేదు మరియు అక్కడ నుండి విప్లవాత్మక విధానాన్ని అవలంబించాలని నిర్ణయించుకున్నాడు.

విప్లవాత్మక కార్యకలాపాలు

సహాయ నిరాకరణ ఉద్యమం ముగిసిన తర్వాత, చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ విప్లవ కార్యకలాపాలలో పాల్గొన్న హిందుస్థాన్ రిపబ్లికన్ అసోసియేషన్ (HRA) వ్యవస్థాపకుడు రామ్ ప్రసాద్ బిస్మిల్‌తో పరిచయం ఏర్పడింది. తర్వాత హెచ్.ఆర్.ఎ. హిందూస్థాన్ సోషలిస్ట్ రిపబ్లికన్ అసోసియేషన్ (హెచ్‌ఎస్‌ఆర్‌ఏ) పేరుతో మార్చారు.

బ్రిటీష్ పాలనలోని అనేక నిబంధనలకు వ్యతిరేకంగా చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ విప్లవాత్మక కార్యకలాపాల్లో పాల్గొన్నారు. బ్రిటీష్ ప్రభుత్వ ఖజానాను లాగేసుకుంటున్న కాకోరీ రైలు దోపిడీలో ప్రధాన నిందితుడు. బ్రిటీష్ వారు తీసుకుంటున్న డబ్బుకు ఏది హెచ్‌ఆర్‌ఏ. విప్లవ కార్యకలాపాలకు నిధుల కోసం దోచుకున్నారు.

అతను భారత వైస్రాయ్ లార్డ్ ఇర్విన్ ప్రయాణిస్తున్న రైలును పేల్చివేసే ప్రయత్నంలో కూడా పాల్గొన్నాడు, కానీ రైలు పట్టాలు తప్పింది మరియు వైస్రాయ్ గాయపడి అపస్మారక స్థితిలో ఉన్నాడు.

ఈ రోజుల్లో పాకిస్తాన్‌లో ఉన్న లాహోర్‌లో ప్రొబేషనరీ పోలీసు అధికారి జాన్ సాండర్స్ హత్యలో భగత్ సింగ్ మరియు రాజ్‌గురుతో పాటు చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్ కూడా పాల్గొన్నాడు. పోలీసులు లాలా లజపతిరాయ్ హత్యకు ప్రతీకారం తీర్చుకోవడానికి ఈ కుట్ర పన్నారు.

మరణం మరియు వారసత్వం

ఆజాద్ 1931 ఫిబ్రవరి 27న ఉత్తరప్రదేశ్‌లోని అలహాబాద్‌లోని ఆల్‌ఫ్రెడ్ పార్క్‌లో మరణించారు. స్వాతంత్య్రానంతరం దీని పేరు ‘ఆజాద్ పార్క్’గా మార్చబడింది. ఒకరోజు పార్కులో ఆజాద్ మరియు అతని సహచరులలో ఒకరైన సుఖ్‌దేవ్ రాజ్ పార్క్‌లో దాక్కున్నారు. పాత నిష్ణాతుడైన సహచరుడు మోసం చేయడంతో పోలీసులకు సమాచారం అందించాడు.

ఆజాద్ చెట్టు వెనుక దాక్కుని తన కోల్ట్ పిస్టల్‌తో పోలీసులకు సమాధానం చెప్పడం ప్రారంభించాడు. సుఖ్ దేవ్ రాజ్ ను అక్కడి నుంచి వెళ్లగొట్టాడు. అతని వద్ద ఒకే ఒక బుల్లెట్ మిగిలి ఉండగా, ఆజాద్ తనను తాను కాల్చుకుని చనిపోయాడు.

బ్రిటిష్ పాలన నుండి తన దేశాన్ని విముక్తి చేయడానికి, అతను జాతీయ సేవకుడిలా జీవితాన్ని గడిపాడు. చంద్రశేఖర్ ఆజాద్‌లా ధైర్యంగా, నిర్భయంగా ఉన్నవారు చాలా తక్కువ.

چندر شیکھر آزاد ہندوستانی انقلابیوں میں ایک بہت مشہور نام ہے، جنہوں نے اپنی مادر وطن کی آزادی کے لیے سب کچھ قربان کر دیا۔ یہاں ذیل میں دیئے گئے مضمون میں، ہم چندر شیکھر آزاد کی زندگی کی جدوجہد اور بہت سے دوسرے دلچسپ حقائق کے بارے میں بات کریں گے۔

چندر شیکھر آزاد پر مختصر اور طویل مضامین

مضمون 1 (250 الفاظ) – چندر شیکھر آزاد: ایک انقلابی.

چندر شیکھر آزاد ہندوستان میں پیدا ہوئے ایک بہادر اور انقلابی شخص تھے، جنہیں ان کی انقلابی سرگرمیوں کے لیے ہمیشہ یاد رکھا جاتا ہے۔ اپنی مہم جوئی کی وجہ سے وہ ہندوستانی نوجوانوں میں ایک ہیرو کے طور پر جانے جاتے ہیں۔ اس کے نام کے عین مطابق، برطانوی سلطنت کے خلاف کئی انقلابی سرگرمیوں کے بعد بھی انگریز اسے کبھی نہیں پکڑ سکے۔

ان کی انقلابی سرگرمیوں پر ایک نظر

چندر شیکھر آزاد ہندوستان ریپبلکن ایسوسی ایشن (HRA) سے وابستہ تھے، جو 1928 میں ہندوستان سوشلسٹ ریپبلکن ایسوسی ایشن (HSRA) کے نام سے مشہور ہوئی۔ دونوں تنظیموں نے برطانوی راج کے خلاف انقلابی سرگرمیوں میں حصہ لیا اور چندر شیکھر آزاد کو ان سرگرمیوں میں ہمیشہ آگے رہنا چاہیے۔ چندر شیکھر آزاد سے متعلق کچھ اہم سرگرمیاں ذیل میں دکھائی گئی ہیں۔

کاکوری ٹرین ڈکیتی

ٹرین ڈکیتی کا یہ واقعہ 9 اگست 1925 کو لکھنؤ کے قریب کاکوری میں چندر شیکھر آزاد اور ہندوستان ریپبلکن ایسوسی ایشن (HRA) کے دیگر ساتھیوں نے انجام دیا تھا۔ اس تقریب کا بنیادی مقصد سنگھ کی انقلابی سرگرمیوں کی مالی امداد کرنا تھا۔

• وائسرائے کی ٹرین کو دھماکے سے اڑا دیا گیا۔

چندر شیکھر آزاد 23 دسمبر 1926 کو وائسرائے لارڈ ارون کو لے جانے والی ٹرین پر بم دھماکے میں بھی ملوث تھے۔ تاہم اس واقعے میں ٹرین پٹری سے اتر گئی اور وائسرائے بے ہوش ہوگئے۔

• سینڈرز کا قتل

چندر شیکھر آزاد بھگت سنگھ اور راج گرو کے ساتھ 17 دسمبر 1928 کو لالہ لاجپت رائے کے قتل کا بدلہ لینے کے لیے پروبیشنری پولیس آفیسر جان سانڈرز کے قتل میں بھی ملوث تھے۔

جب پولیس کو چندر شیکھر آزاد کے الہ آباد کے آزاد پارک میں چھپے ہونے کی اطلاع ملی تو وہ اکیلے ہی اس کے ساتھ جھڑپ کر گیا۔ جوابی کارروائی میں اس نے پولیس پر گولی چلا دی لیکن آخری گولی سے اس نے خود کو ہلاک کر لیا کیونکہ وہ کسی بھی حالت میں پولیس کے ہاتھوں پکڑے جانے کو قبول نہیں کرتا تھا۔

وہ اپنے نام کے مطابق ‘آزاد’ مر گیا۔ وہ برطانوی حکومت کے غیر انسانی طریقے سے قبضے اور عوام کے ساتھ غیر منصفانہ سلوک کے سخت خلاف تھے۔

مضمون 2 (400 الفاظ) – آزاد: ایک نوجوان انقلابی

ہندوستان کی جدوجہد آزادی میں چندر شیکھر آزاد کا نام کسی تعارف کا محتاج نہیں۔ ہندوستانی انقلابیوں کی فہرست میں یہ ایک معروف اور قابل احترام نام ہے۔ چھوٹی عمر میں ان کی ہمت اور بے خوفی نے انہیں ہندوستان کے نوجوانوں میں بہت مقبول بنا دیا۔

آزاد – ایک نوجوان انقلابی

بہت چھوٹی عمر میں، آزاد کو انگریز مخالف تحریکوں میں حصہ لینے کی تحریک ملی۔ وہ صرف 15 سال کے تھے جب وہ کاشی ودیا پیٹھ وارانسی میں پڑھ رہے تھے، تب انہوں نے مہاتما گاندھی کی طرف سے شروع کی گئی عدم تعاون کی تحریک میں بڑھ چڑھ کر حصہ لیا۔ وہ عدم تعاون کی تحریک میں حصہ لینے کے جرم میں جیل جانے والے سب سے کم عمر مظاہرین تھے۔

محض 15 سال کی عمر، ایک نوجوان کے لیے تحریک آزادی میں حصہ لینے کے لیے بہت کم عمر تھی، لیکن آزاد نے ہندوستان کو آزاد کرانے کے لیے یہ جنگ لڑی۔ چوری-چورا واقعے کے بعد جب مہاتما گاندھی نے 1922 میں عدم تعاون کی تحریک کو ختم کرنے کا فیصلہ کیا تو آزاد اس فیصلے سے خوش نہیں تھے۔

ایچ آر اے اور HSRA. کی حمایت

1922 میں گاندھی کے عدم تعاون کی تحریک کے خاتمے کے بعد، آزاد رام پرساد بسمل سے رابطے میں آئے، جنہوں نے انقلابی سرگرمیوں میں شامل ایک تنظیم ہندوستان ریپبلکن ایسوسی ایشن (HRA) کی بنیاد رکھی۔

چندر شیکھر آزاد کو موتی لال نہرو جیسے کئی باہمت لیڈروں کی حمایت حاصل تھی جو باقاعدگی سے H.R.A میں شرکت کرتے تھے۔ امداد کے لیے رقم دی گئی۔ ان دنوں کانگریس کے بہت سے لیڈروں نے بھی ان کی حمایت کی، خاص طور پر جب وہ متحدہ صوبوں میں رہ رہے تھے، جو ان دنوں اتر پردیش میں جھانسی کے قریب ہے، پنڈت ہری شنکر برہم چاری کے نام سے ایک بدلی ہوئی شناخت کے ساتھ۔

6 سال کے اندر چندر شیکھر آزاد نے بھگت سنگھ، اشفاق اللہ خان، سکھ دیو تھاپر اور جگدیش چندر چٹرجی کے ساتھ مل کر ہندوستان سوشلسٹ ریپبلکن ایسوسی ایشن (HSRA) انسٹی ٹیوٹ تشکیل دیا۔ 

9 اگست 1925 کو کاکوری ٹرین ڈکیتی کے واقعے کی سازش کاکوری اور لکھنؤ کے درمیان انجام پائی۔ رام پرساد بسمل اور اشفاق اللہ خان کے ساتھ مل کر، H.R.A. اسے تنظیم کی سرگرمیوں کے لیے فنڈز فراہم کرنے اور تنظیم کے لیے اسلحہ خریدنے کی نیت سے لوٹا گیا۔

سرکاری خزانے کے پیسے لے جانے والی اس ٹرین کو بسمل، اشفاق اللہ خان، راجندر لہڑی اور H.R.A نے بلایا تھا۔ گینگ کے دیگر افراد نے ٹرین لوٹ لی تھی۔ انہوں نے گارڈ کی کوچ میں موجود ایک لاکھ روپے لوٹ لئے تھے۔

خیانت اور موت

27 فروری 1931 کو جب آزاد الہ آباد کے آزاد پارک میں چھپے ہوئے تھے۔ ویربھدرا تیواری نام کا ایک پرانا دوست پولیس کا مخبر بن گیا اور پولیس کو آزاد کے وہاں موجود ہونے کی اطلاع دی۔ پولیس سے لڑتے ہوئے آزاد نے اپنے کولٹ پستول سے گولی چلائی لیکن جب اس میں صرف ایک گولی رہ گئی تو اس نے خود کو گولی مار لی۔

آزاد اپنے ساتھیوں سے کہتا تھا کہ وہ کبھی نہیں پکڑا جائے گا اور ہمیشہ آزاد رہے گا۔ درحقیقت، وہ گرفتار ہونے کی صورت میں ایک اضافی گولی اپنے ساتھ لے جاتا تھا، تاکہ وہ خود کو مار سکے۔

مضمون 3 (600 الفاظ) – چندر شیکھر آزاد: خاندانی اور انقلابی سرگرمی

چندر شیکھر آزاد یا صرف ‘آزاد’ کے نام سے جانا جاتا ہے، وہ ایک ہندوستانی انقلابی تھا جو دوسرے انقلابیوں جیسے سردار بھگت سنگھ، رام پرساد بسمل، اشفاق اللہ خان اور دیگر تمام کے ہم عصر تھے۔ انہوں نے ہندوستان سے برطانوی راج کو نکالنے کے لیے بہت سی انقلابی سرگرمیوں میں حصہ لیا۔

آزاد – مفت

ایک چھوٹا لیکن بہت دلچسپ واقعہ ہے، جب کہ ان کا پیدائشی نام چندر شیکھر تیواری تھا اور انھوں نے اپنے نام کے ساتھ ‘آزاد’ کا اضافہ کیا اور وہ چندر شیکھر آزاد بن گئے۔ 

صرف 15 سال کی عمر میں آزاد کو تحریک عدم تعاون میں حصہ لینے کی وجہ سے قید کر دیا گیا۔ جب ایک نوجوان لڑکے کو مجسٹریٹ کے سامنے پیش کیا گیا اور اس کے بارے میں پوچھا گیا تو اس نے کہا کہ میرا نام ‘آزاد’ ہے، اس کے والد کا نام ‘سواتنترتا’ (آزادی) ہے اور اس کی رہائش کی جگہ ‘جیل’ ہے۔

اس واقعہ کے بعد ان کے نام کا لقب ’’آزاد‘‘ پڑ گیا اور ان کا نام چندر شیکھر تیواری سے ’’چندر شیکھر آزاد‘‘ کے نام سے مشہور ہوا۔

خاندان اور اثر و رسوخ

آزاد کے آباؤ اجداد اصل میں بدرکا گاؤں کے رہنے والے تھے، جو کانپور میں واقع ہے، اور اب اناؤ ضلع میں رائے بریلی روڈ پر واقع ہے۔ وہ 23 جولائی 1906 کو مدھیہ پردیش کے علیراج پور ضلع کے بہرہ گاؤں میں پیدا ہوئے۔ ان کی والدہ کا نام جگرانی دیوی تیواری تھا جو سیتارام تیواری کی تیسری بیوی تھیں۔

اس کا خاندان پہلے کانپور کے بدرکا گاؤں میں رہتا تھا، لیکن اس کے پہلے بچے سکھدیو (آزاد کے بڑے بھائی) کی پیدائش کے بعد، اس کا خاندان علیراج پور چلا گیا۔

چندر شیکھر آزاد کی والدہ چاہتی تھیں کہ وہ سنسکرت کا عالم بنیں۔ اس وجہ سے اس نے اسے بنارس بھیج دیا تھا جو اس وقت وارانسی کے کاشی ودیا پیٹھ میں ہے۔ 1921 میں، جب وہ وارانسی میں پڑھ رہے تھے، گاندھی جی نے عدم تعاون کی تحریک شروع کی اور نوجوانوں سے اس میں بڑی تعداد میں شرکت کی اپیل کی۔

آزاد اس تحریک سے بہت متاثر ہوئے اور انہوں نے پورے جوش و خروش کے ساتھ اس میں حصہ لیا۔ اس تحریک میں بڑھ چڑھ کر حصہ لینے پر انہیں جیل بھی جانا پڑا۔ جب گاندھی جی نے 1922 میں چوری چورا واقعہ کے بعد عدم تعاون کی تحریک کے خاتمے کا اعلان کیا تو چندر شیکھر آزاد خوش نہیں تھے اور وہاں سے انہوں نے انقلابی انداز اپنانے کا فیصلہ کیا۔

انقلابی سرگرمیاں

عدم تعاون کی تحریک کے خاتمے کے بعد چندر شیکھر آزاد کا رابطہ ہندوستان ریپبلکن ایسوسی ایشن (HRA) کے بانی رام پرساد بسمل سے ہوا، جو انقلابی سرگرمیوں میں شامل تھے۔ بعد میں H.R.A. ہندوستان سوشلسٹ ریپبلکن ایسوسی ایشن (HSRA) کے نام سے تبدیل کیا گیا۔

چندر شیکھر آزاد برطانوی حکومت کے بہت سے اصولوں کے خلاف انقلابی سرگرمیوں میں شامل تھے۔ وہ کاکوری ٹرین ڈکیتی کا مرکزی ملزم تھا جس میں برطانوی حکومت کے خزانے کو لوٹا جا رہا تھا۔ جو انگریزوں کی طرف سے لیے جانے والے پیسوں کا HRA ہے۔ انقلابی سرگرمیوں کو فنڈ دینے کے لیے لوٹا گیا۔

وہ ہندوستان کے وائسرائے لارڈ ارون کو لے جانے والی ٹرین کو اڑانے کی کوشش میں بھی ملوث تھا لیکن ٹرین پٹری سے اتر گئی اور وائسرائے زخمی اور بے ہوش ہوگئے۔

چندر شیکھر آزاد، بھگت سنگھ اور راج گرو کے ساتھ، لاہور میں ایک پروبیشنری پولیس افسر جان سانڈرز کے قتل میں بھی ملوث تھا، جو ان دنوں پاکستان میں ہے۔ پولیس کے ہاتھوں لالہ لاجپت رائے کے قتل کا بدلہ لینے کے لیے یہ سازش رچی گئی۔

موت اور وراثت

آزاد کا انتقال 27 فروری 1931 کو الہ آباد، اتر پردیش کے الفریڈ پارک میں ہوا۔ آزادی کے بعد اس کا نام ‘آزاد پارک’ رکھ دیا گیا۔ ایک دن پارک میں آزاد اور اس کا ایک ساتھی سکھدیو راج چھپے ہوئے تھے۔ ایک پرانے ماہر ساتھی نے دھوکہ دیا اور اس نے پولیس کو اطلاع دی۔

آزاد ایک درخت کے پیچھے چھپ گیا اور اپنے کولٹ پستول سے پولیس کو جواب دینے لگا۔ اس نے سکھدیو راج کو وہاں سے بھگا دیا۔ جب اس کے پاس صرف ایک گولی باقی تھی تو آزاد نے خود کو گولی مار کر ہلاک کر دیا۔

اپنی قوم کو انگریزوں کے تسلط سے نجات دلانے کے لیے انہوں نے ایک قومی خادم کی طرح زندگی گزاری۔ چندر شیکھر آزاد کی طرح بہادر اور نڈر لوگ بہت کم تھے۔

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2 Minute Speech On Chandra Shekhar Azad�In English

Good morning to the teachers and students present, today I am going to talk about Chandra Shekhar Azad. One of the most powerful independence fighters to overthrow the British Empire was Chandra Shekhar Azad. To raise additional money and arm the freedom fighters, he planned the Kakori Conspiracy. When Lala Lajpat Rai passed away, he had intended to assassinate James Scott but had mistakenly killed Saunders. After being betrayed by an informant, he was imprisoned in Alfred Park, Allahabad. With his final shot, he fired himself to death and produced the definition of patriotism that is still revered today.

Chandra Shekhar was severely affected by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre after which he joined Mahatma Gandhi’s revolutionary cause. He also used the name “Balraj” when signing documents as the supreme commander of the HSRA (Hindustan Socialist Republic Army) during the Indian independence struggle.

On February 27, 1931, Azad was traveling to meet his friends at Alfred Park in Allahabad. When police arrived and gave him the order to voluntarily surrender, he was already in the park. Police were determined to get him, whether he was alive or not, and they offered a reward for his capture. Azad shot himself in the head just before he was about to be arrested because he was determined not to be caught alive.

The museum in Allahabad has Chandra Shekhar Azad’s gun on exhibit. As a result of his contributions to India’s independence, numerous schools, roads, and other institutions now bear his name. He also has a lot of institutions named after him. In the hearts of Indians, he will always be known as Shaheed Chandrashekhar Azad. Thank you.

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Essay on Chandra Shekhar Azad

Chandra Shekhar Azad Essay:  Chandra Shekhar Azad was one of the imposing political dissidents of the English Realm. This Chandra Shekhar Azad paper will educate you concerning his initial life and accomplishments as a political dissident. You will come to understand what he has done and how he forfeited his life for our nation in this article on Chandra Shekhar Azad. This exposition has been written in a basic language for the comprehension, all things considered.

Long Essay on Chandra Shekhar Azad:

We got our opportunity because of the penance of our political dissidents and patriots. They have battled constantly contrary to the frontier rule of the English Domain. One of the best saints of Indian Freedom is Chandra Shekhar Azad. He was an enthusiastic patriot and the genuine child of Mother India who had no feeling of dread toward any superpower. His grit will constantly be recalled and imprinted in India’s set of experiences of opportunity battles. In this exposition on Chandra Shekhar Azad, we will examine his initial life and progressive exercises.

His name was Chandra Shekhar Tiwari. He was brought into the world on 23rd July 1906 in Bhavra, Jhabua Area, Madhya Pradesh. He had a place with an unfortunate family. Chandra grew up with the Bhil ancestral children and enjoyed sports. He was incredibly fit and had an athletic figure. His mom longed for making him a Sanskrit researcher and sent him to Kashi Vidyapeeth in Banaras. It was then he was acquainted with patriotism. He developed intense love for her nation and turned into a political dissident.

He was very grieved by the Jallianwala Bagh episode in 1919. He was only 13 years of age when he joined the Non-Participation Development sent off by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920. He effectively partook in such developments and was captured by the English Government when he was 16 years of age. It was then he acquainted himself with the police as Azad and his dad as ‘Swatantra’. The officer, seeing such fortitude , became angry and requested him to be whiplashed. We can comprehend from this Chandra Shekhar Azad paper passage how valiant he was.

The Noncooperation Development was removed by Mahatma Gandhi in 1922. His patriot feeling and the fantasy about seeing his country to be free gotten a tremendous blow. He turned out to be more forceful and perceived that peaceful developments like this won’t shake the English Domain’s support points.

He joined the Hindustan Conservative Affiliation (HRA) in the wake of meeting Ram Prasad Bismil and began gathering reserves. It was insufficient for the political dissidents to battle such an immense realm with such countless restricted reserves.

He then, at that point , arranged the renowned Kakori Trick in 1925. He arranged how to steal from an administration train and assemble weapons for additional opportunity exercises. He recognized the security escape clauses and captured a train at Kakori. A traveler passed on as a loss from the connivance and the English instituted it as a homicide. Bismil was captured alongside Ashfaqulla Khan yet Azad got away.

He then, at that point, moved to Kanpur, the settle of HRA. He met Sukhdev, Rajguru, and Bhagat Singh, the most-dreaded political dissidents in those days. He renamed HRA to the Hindustan Communist Conservative Affiliation (HRSA) in 1928. Lala Lajpat Rai kicked the bucket from lathi-charge around the same time. He wanted to get payback by killing James Scott yet coincidentally killed J. P. Saunders. In the end, every one of his associates were captured however he figured out how to circumvent utilizing his magnificent masking capacities. Therefore he was named ‘Speedy Silver’.

At some point, a source released his area. Cops are now present in Alfred Park, Allahabad. He was encircled and was seriously harmed. He utilized his last slug to commit suicide yet didn’t give up to the English police. The tradition of Chandra Shekhar Azad will be recalled each time India praises its freedom. He showed us the best way to adore our nation energetically and advised us to be ready to do anything. His unqualified love and magnanimous penance are viewed as the exemplification of positive energy in Indian history.

Short Essay on Chandrashekhar Azad:

Paragraph on Chandrashekhar Azad: Chandra Shekhar Azad was brought into the world in a little town in Jhabua region in Madhya Pradesh. He is recognized as one of the mightiest political dissidents who shook the English Realm. He grew up with the Bhil ancestral kids and was incredibly fit. He got the hang of swimming, arrow based weaponry, wrestling, and so forth from them. He was shipped off Banaras to concentrate on Sanskrit in Kashi Vidyapeeth.

He was then acquainted with patriotism and took part in peaceful developments under the authority of Mahatma Gandhi. He was captured and whipped when he nobly confronted the fury of the justice and told his name ‘Azad’. He was broken by the Jallianwala Bagh slaughter and transformed into a political dissident by leaving the quiet insurgency. He met with the main political dissidents in those days in the gathering named the Hindustan Conservative Affiliation (HRA).

He arranged the Kakori Trick to assemble more assets and weapons for the political dissidents. The whole group was proclaimed fear mongers and his accomplices were captured. At the point when Lala Lajpat Rai kicked the bucket, he arranged the death of James Scott yet erroneously killed Saunders. He was then manipulated by a witness and caught in Alfred Park , Allahabad. He committed suicide with his last slug and made the embodiment of positive energy penance we actually recall to this date.

From Tiwari to Azad – Transformation of Chandra Shekhar:

The Jallianwala Bagh Slaughter exhibited how English authorities transparently abused fundamental basic liberties. They committed viciousness on a horde of unarmed and guiltless people. Chandra Shekhar, profoundly stunned by this misfortune, joined Mahatma Gandhi’s progressive reason. During the years 1920-21, Gandhi sent off the Non-Collaboration Development. This was the impetus for the primary influx of patriotism. Chandra Shekhar was one of the young people who had effectively taken part in these fights and developments.

At the point when Chandra Shekhar, 16, was trapped in one of these occurrences, the justice asked him his name. Azad, the child of a freed India, presented himself. He guaranteed that his dad’s name was Swatantra (freedom) and that he lived in a prison cell.

As a punishment for his ridiculous way of behaving, the rankled judge condemned him to fifteen whiplashes. Chandra Shekhar was treated with complete negligence when it came to his discipline. While marking articulations as the president of the HSRA (Hindustan Communist Republic Armed force), he would likewise utilize the name ‘Balraj’.

Azad’s Courageous Death:

Azad was a bad dream for the English Raj. English not set in stone to get him, in any condition. They even reported an enormous financial compensation for his head. A source found Azad’s whereabouts because of this declaration. Azad was making a beeline for meet his partners at Allahabad’s Alfred Park on February 27, 1931. Azad was at that point in the recreation area when police showed up and requested him to readily give up.

Azad battled courageously against the authorities to get protected entry for his friends. He had the option to kill three cops, in spite of the fact that he was seriously harmed simultaneously. He involved the last round to commit suicide in the head since he had no alternate way out. At the point when he was going to be captured, he shot himself to death since he was resolved not to be gotten alive. It is guaranteed that Azad kept a slug in his pocket on the off chance that he was captured by the English.

Azad’s Legacy:

The firearm of Chandra Shekhar Azad is in plain view in Allahabad’s exhibition hall. A significant number of India’s schools, streets, and foundations have been named after him because of his commitments to the nation’s freedom. Numerous establishments are named after him also. Chandrashekhar Azad was an extraordinary freedom warrior, and he will constantly be recognized as Shaheed Chandrashekhar Azad in the hearts of Indians.

This Chandra Shekhar Azad article in English educates us concerning the boldness, strength, and bravery of one of the mightiest political dissidents the English Realm dreaded.