crete a case study of an underdeveloped area

An official website of the United States government

The .gov means it’s official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

• Publications
• Account settings

Preview improvements coming to the PMC website in October 2024. Learn More or Try it out now .

• Advanced Search
• Journal List
• Am J Public Health Nations Health
• v.43(7); 1953 Jul

Crete, A Case Study of an Underdeveloped Area

Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (271K), or click on a page image below to browse page by page.

• Search Menu

Sign in through your institution

• Conflict, Security, and Defence
• East Asia and Pacific
• Energy and Environment
• Global Health and Development
• International History
• International Governance, Law, and Ethics
• International Relations Theory
• Middle East and North Africa
• Political Economy and Economics
• Russia and Eurasia
• Sub-Saharan Africa
• Advance Articles
• Editor's Choice
• Special Issues
• Virtual Issues
• Reading Lists
• Archive Collections
• Book Reviews
• Author Guidelines
• Submission Site
• Open Access
• Self-Archiving Policy
• About International Affairs
• About Chatham House
• Editorial Board
• Advertising & Corporate Services
• Journals Career Network
• Journals on Oxford Academic
• Books on Oxford Academic

• < Previous

Crete: a Case Study of an Underdeveloped Area

• Article contents
• Figures & tables
• Supplementary Data

Bickham Sweet-Escott, Crete: a Case Study of an Underdeveloped Area, International Affairs , Volume 30, Issue 1, January 1954, Pages 78–79, https://doi.org/10.2307/2608448

• Permissions Icon Permissions

Article PDF first page preview

The royal institute of international affairs members, personal account.

• Sign in with email/username & password
• Get email alerts
• Save searches
• Purchase content
• Activate your purchase/trial code
• Add your ORCID iD

Institutional access

Sign in with a library card.

• Sign in with username/password
• Recommend to your librarian
• Institutional account management
• Get help with access

Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways:

IP based access

Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.

Choose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Shibboleth/Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic.

• Click Sign in through your institution.
• Select your institution from the list provided, which will take you to your institution's website to sign in.
• When on the institution site, please use the credentials provided by your institution. Do not use an Oxford Academic personal account.
• Following successful sign in, you will be returned to Oxford Academic.

If your institution is not listed or you cannot sign in to your institution’s website, please contact your librarian or administrator.

Enter your library card number to sign in. If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian.

Society Members

Society member access to a journal is achieved in one of the following ways:

Sign in through society site

Many societies offer single sign-on between the society website and Oxford Academic. If you see ‘Sign in through society site’ in the sign in pane within a journal:

• Click Sign in through society site.
• When on the society site, please use the credentials provided by that society. Do not use an Oxford Academic personal account.

If you do not have a society account or have forgotten your username or password, please contact your society.

Sign in using a personal account

Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members. See below.

A personal account can be used to get email alerts, save searches, purchase content, and activate subscriptions.

Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members.

Viewing your signed in accounts

Click the account icon in the top right to:

• View your signed in personal account and access account management features.
• View the institutional accounts that are providing access.

Signed in but can't access content

Oxford Academic is home to a wide variety of products. The institutional subscription may not cover the content that you are trying to access. If you believe you should have access to that content, please contact your librarian.

For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Here you will find options to view and activate subscriptions, manage institutional settings and access options, access usage statistics, and more.

Short-term Access

To purchase short-term access, please sign in to your personal account above.

Don't already have a personal account? Register

Email alerts

Citing articles via.

• Recommend to Your Librarian
• Advertising and Corporate Services

Affiliations

• Online ISSN 1468-2346
• Print ISSN 0020-5850
• Copyright © 2024 The Royal Institute of International Affairs
• About Oxford Academic
• Publish journals with us
• University press partners
• What we publish
• New features  
• Open access
• Rights and permissions
• Accessibility
• Advertising
• Media enquiries
• Oxford University Press
• Oxford Languages
• University of Oxford

Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide

• Copyright © 2024 Oxford University Press
• Cookie settings
• Cookie policy
• Privacy policy
• Legal notice

This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only

Sign In or Create an Account

This PDF is available to Subscribers Only

For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription.

Crete: A case study of an underdeveloped area

• January 2015
• This person is not on ResearchGate, or hasn't claimed this research yet.

Discover the world's research

• 25+ million members
• 160+ million publication pages
• 2.3+ billion citations

• Maria Soledad Hershey
• M Sotos-Prieto
• Sandrine Andrieu

• Rodrigo Queiroz de Athayde Pinheira Nemésio

• Pierluca Minelli

• AGEING RES REV
• Sergio Davinelli
• Antonia Trichopoulou

• J INT MED RES

• PERSPECT BIOL MED

• Rui Matias Lima

• Eugenia Gkaliagkousi

• M Fiatarone Singh

• Christos M Hatzis

• Anthony Kafatos

• Laura García Molina

• Reuven Zimlichman

• Gaetano Crepaldi

• Violetta Hionidou

• Loredana Elena Rosca
• Andreea Coman
• Andreea C. Herescu

• A. Basilakis
• M. Dionisopoulou
• N. Skartados

• Allaire Brumfield

• Recruit researchers
• Join for free
• Login Email Tip: Most researchers use their institutional email address as their ResearchGate login Password Forgot password? Keep me logged in Log in or Continue with Google Welcome back! Please log in. Email · Hint Tip: Most researchers use their institutional email address as their ResearchGate login Password Forgot password? Keep me logged in Log in or Continue with Google No account? Sign up

• Leland G. Allbaugh

Before you purchase audiobooks and ebooks

Please note that audiobooks and ebooks purchased from this site must be accessed on the Princeton University Press app. After you make your purchase, you will receive an email with instructions on how to download the app. Learn more about audio and ebooks .

Comprar livros no Google Play

Aceda à maior eBookstore do mundo e comece a ler hoje na Web, no tablet, no telemóvel ou no eReader.

Aceder ao Google Play Agora »

Informação bibliográfica

• Architecture and Design
• Asian and Pacific Studies
• Business and Economics
• Classical and Ancient Near Eastern Studies
• Computer Sciences
• Cultural Studies
• Engineering
• General Interest
• Geosciences
• Industrial Chemistry
• Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies
• Jewish Studies
• Library and Information Science, Book Studies
• Life Sciences
• Linguistics and Semiotics
• Literary Studies
• Materials Sciences
• Mathematics
• Social Sciences
• Sports and Recreation
• Theology and Religion
• Publish your article
• The role of authors
• Promoting your article
• Abstracting & indexing
• Publishing Ethics
• Why publish with De Gruyter
• How to publish with De Gruyter
• Our book series
• Our subject areas
• Your digital product at De Gruyter
• Contribute to our reference works
• Product information
• Tools & resources
• Product Information
• Promotional Materials
• Orders and Inquiries
• FAQ for Library Suppliers and Book Sellers
• Repository Policy
• Free access policy
• Open Access agreements
• Database portals
• For Authors
• Customer service
• People + Culture
• Journal Management
• How to join us
• Working at De Gruyter
• Mission & Vision
• De Gruyter Foundation
• De Gruyter Ebound
• Our Responsibility
• Partner publishers

Your purchase has been completed. Your documents are now available to view.

• Leland G. Allbaugh
• X / Twitter

Please login or register with De Gruyter to order this product.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Princeton University Press
• Copyright year: 1953
• Audience: Professional and scholarly;College/higher education;
• Main content: 616
• Keywords: Household ; Income ; Agriculture ; Tax ; Vegetable ; Malaria ; Irrigation ; Percentage ; Mortality rate ; Olive oil ; Head of Household ; Cereal ; Supply (economics) ; Economics ; Talc ; Nutrient ; Legume ; Lentil ; Table grape ; Dried fruit ; Vitamin A ; Bushel ; Barley ; Sesame ; Whole grain ; Fuel ; Manure ; Soybean ; Diphtheria ; Tomato paste ; Refrigeration ; Livestock ; Tuberculosis ; Meal ; Schistosomiasis ; Chania ; Oat ; Spelt ; Food and Agriculture Organization ; Capital asset ; Reforestation ; Federal Housing Administration ; Near East Foundation ; Rationing ; Pork ; Infant mortality ; Exhaustion ; Salary ; Population ; Powdered milk ; United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration ; Mrs. ; Roman Empire ; Unemployment ; Comparative advantage ; Currency ; Standard of living ; Thiamine ; 1940 United States Census ; Entertainment tax ; Purchasing power ; Prevalence ; Malnutrition ; Chickenpox ; Typhoid fever ; Dysentery ; Production Credit Association ; Calcium ; National Bank of Greece ; Human overpopulation ; Canning ; Birth rate ; Anthrax ; Secondary education ; Modern Greek ; Scarcity ; Vitamin C ; Famine ; Sampling error ; Underemployment ; Poverty ; Credit union ; Threshing floor ; Bare Necessities (company) ; Quinine ; Vital statistics (government records) ; Drinking water ; Social insurance ; Cabbage ; Inflation ; Crop yield ; Ice plant ; Estimation ; Breadbasket ; Wheat ; Bread ; Summer fallow ; Fertilizer ; Flour ; Housewife
• Published: December 8, 2015
• ISBN: 9781400877089

• Advanced search
• Course reserves
• Authority search

Log in to your account

Crete : a case study of an underdeveloped area / by Leland G. Allbaugh ; with the editorial assistance of George Soule.

• Holdings ( 1 )
• Title notes ( 1 )
• Comments ( 0 )

Browsing University of Macedonia Library shelves, Shelving location: Βιβλιοστάσιο Α (Stack Room A), Collection: Main Collection Close shelf browser (Hides shelf browser)

Includes bibliographical references (p. [455]-460) and index.

There are no comments on this title.

• Add to your cart (remove)
• Suggest for purchase
• Save record BIBTEX Dublin Core MARCXML MARC (non-Unicode/MARC-8) MARC (Unicode/UTF-8) MARC (Unicode/UTF-8, Standard) MODS (XML) RIS
• More searches Search for this title in: Other Libraries (WorldCat) Other Databases (Google Scholar) Online Stores (Bookfinder.com) Open Library (openlibrary.org)

Exporting to Dublin Core...

• Corpus ID: 149219672

Allbaugh Leland G. — Crete. A Case Study of an Underdeveloped Area

• Published 1954

One Citation

The effect of the mediterranean diet on hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis., related papers.

Showing 1 through 3 of 0 Related Papers

Browse Econ Literature

• Working papers
• Software components
• Book chapters
• JEL classification

More features

• Subscribe to new research

RePEc Biblio

Author registration.

• Economics Virtual Seminar Calendar NEW!

Some searches may not work properly. We apologize for the inconvenience.

Crete: A Case Study of an Underdeveloped Area, Leland G. Allbaugh, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1953. Pp. xx, 572. $7.50

• Author & abstract
• Related works & more

Corrections

• Lawrence Witt

Suggested Citation

Download full text from publisher.

Follow serials, authors, keywords & more

Public profiles for Economics researchers

Various research rankings in Economics

RePEc Genealogy

Who was a student of whom, using RePEc

Curated articles & papers on economics topics

Upload your paper to be listed on RePEc and IDEAS

New papers by email

Subscribe to new additions to RePEc

EconAcademics

Blog aggregator for economics research

Cases of plagiarism in Economics

About RePEc

Initiative for open bibliographies in Economics

News about RePEc

Questions about IDEAS and RePEc

RePEc volunteers

Participating archives

Publishers indexing in RePEc

Privacy statement

Found an error or omission?

Opportunities to help RePEc

Get papers listed

Have your research listed on RePEc

Open a RePEc archive

Have your institution's/publisher's output listed on RePEc

Get RePEc data

Use data assembled by RePEc

Information

• Author Services

Initiatives

You are accessing a machine-readable page. In order to be human-readable, please install an RSS reader.

All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess .

Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications.

Feature papers are submitted upon individual invitation or recommendation by the scientific editors and must receive positive feedback from the reviewers.

Editor’s Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly interesting to readers, or important in the respective research area. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the most exciting work published in the various research areas of the journal.

Original Submission Date Received: .

• Active Journals
• Find a Journal
• Proceedings Series
• For Authors
• For Reviewers
• For Editors
• For Librarians
• For Publishers
• For Societies
• For Conference Organizers
• Open Access Policy
• Institutional Open Access Program
• Special Issues Guidelines
• Editorial Process
• Research and Publication Ethics
• Article Processing Charges
• Testimonials
• Preprints.org
• SciProfiles
• Encyclopedia

Article Menu

• Subscribe SciFeed
• Recommended Articles
• Google Scholar
• on Google Scholar
• Table of Contents

Find support for a specific problem in the support section of our website.

Please let us know what you think of our products and services.

Visit our dedicated information section to learn more about MDPI.

JSmol Viewer

Cold and wet island effect in mountainous areas: a case study of the maxian mountains, northwest china.

1. Introduction

2. materials and methods, 2.1. study area, 2.2. data and preprocessing, 2.3. methodology, 2.3.1. land surface temperature retrieval, 2.3.2. t s -ndvi model, 2.3.3. cold and wet island index calculation, 2.3.4. grading method of lst and tvdi, 2.3.5. geodetector model, 3.1. annual variations in precipitation and air temperature, 3.2. monthly and daily changes in air temperature and relative humidity, 3.2.1. analysis of air temperature variations on monthly and daily scales, 3.2.2. analysis of relative humidity variations at monthly and daily scales, 3.3. spatiotemporal variation characteristics of lst and tvdi in mountainous area, 3.3.1. spatial distribution characteristics of lst, 3.3.2. spatial distribution characteristics of tvdi, 3.4. analysis of the cold and wet island effect, 3.5. influencing factors for the lst, 4. discussion, 4.1. impacts of land use changes on the cold–wet island effect, 4.2. characteristics of vegetation change in mountainous area, 5. conclusions, author contributions, data availability statement, acknowledgments, conflicts of interest.

• Palomo, I. Climate change impacts on ecosystem services in high mountain areas: A literature review. Mt. Res. Dev. 2017 , 37 , 179–187. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Viviroli, D.; Weingartner, R.; Messerli, B. Assessing the hydrological significance of the world’s mountains. Mt. Res. Dev. 2003 , 23 , 32–40. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Liu, L.; Wang, Z.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Shen, J.; Qin, D.; Li, S. Trade-off analyses of multiple mountain ecosystem services along elevation, vegetation cover and precipitation gradients: A case study in the Taihang mountains. Ecol. Indic. 2019 , 103 , 94–104. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Wang, J.; Yan, Z. Rapid rises in the magnitude and risk of extreme regional heat wave events in China. Weather Clim. Extrem. 2021 , 34 , 100379. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Song, D.; Zhang, X.; Zhou, X.; Shi, X.; Jin, X. Influences of wind direction on the cooling effects of mountain vegetation in urban area. Build. Environ. 2022 , 209 , 108663. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Zhang, J.; Shen, X.; Wang, Y.; Jiang, M.; Lu, X. Effects of forest changes on summer surface temperature in Changbai mountain, China. Forests 2021 , 12 , 1551. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Wu, W.; Wang, Z.-j. Cooling effect of mountain greenspace on urban heat island in karst mountain city a case study of Anshun. Shengtaixue Zazhi 2021 , 40 , 855–863. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Zhou, D.C.; Xiao, J.F.; Frolking, S.; Zhang, L.X.; Zhou, G.Y. Urbanization contributes little to global warming but substantially intensifies local and regional land surface warming. Earths Future 2022 , 10 , e2021EF002401. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Yin, T.; Zhai, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Yang, W.; Dong, J.; Liu, X.; Fan, P.; You, C.; Yu, L.; Gao, Q.; et al. Impacts of climate change and human activities on vegetation coverage variation in mountainous and hilly areas in central south of Shandong province based on tree-ring. Front. Plant Sci. 2023 , 14 , 1158221. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Shen, M.; Piao, S.; Jeong, S.-J.; Zhou, L.; Zeng, Z.; Ciais, P.; Chen, D.; Huang, M.; Jin, C.-S.; Li, L.Z.X.; et al. Evaporative cooling over the Tibetan Plateau induced by vegetation growth. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2015 , 112 , 9299–9304. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Kong, F.H.; Yin, H.W.; James, P.; Hutyra, L.R.; He, H.S. Effects of spatial pattern of greenspace on urban cooling in a large metropolitan area of eastern China. Landsc. Urban Plan. 2014 , 128 , 35–47. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Grose, M.R.; Syktus, J.; Thatcher, M.; Evans, J.P.; Ji, F.; Rafter, T.; Remenyi, T. The role of topography on projected rainfall change in mid-latitude mountain regions. Clim. Dyn. 2019 , 53 , 3675–3690. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Zeng, Z.; Wang, D.; Yang, L.; Wu, J.; Ziegler, A.D.; Liu, M.; Ciais, P.; Searchinger, T.D.; Yang, Z.-L.; Chen, D.; et al. Deforestation-induced warming over tropical mountain regions regulated by elevation. Nat. Geosci. 2021 , 14 , 23–29. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Kattel, D.B.; Yao, T.; Panday, P.K. Near-surface air temperature lapse rate in a humid mountainous terrain on the southern slopes of the eastern Himalayas. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 2018 , 132 , 1129–1141. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Obojes, N.; Bahn, M.; Tasser, E.; Walde, J.; Inauen, N.; Hiltbrunner, E.; Saccone, P.; Lochet, J.; Clement, J.C.; Lavorel, S.; et al. Vegetation effects on the water balance of mountain grasslands depend on climatic conditions. Ecohydrology 2015 , 8 , 552–569. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Zuo, H.; Lu, S.; Hu, Y.; Ma, Y. Obseravation and numerical simulatin of heterogenous underlying surface boundary layer (i):The whole physical picutre of cold island effect and iverse humidity. Plateau Meteorol. 2004 , 23 , 155–162. [ Google Scholar ]
• Hao, X.M.; Li, W.H. Oasis cold island effect and its influence on air temperature: A case study of Tarim Basin, Northwest China. J. Arid Land 2016 , 8 , 172–183. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Zhou, Y.; Zhao, H.; Mao, S.; Zhang, G.; Jin, Y.; Luo, Y.; Huo, W.; Pan, Z.; An, P.; Lun, F. Studies on urban park cooling effects and their driving factors in China: Considering 276 cities under different climate zones. Build. Environ. 2022 , 222 , 109441. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Sun, R.; Chen, A.; Chen, L.; Lü, Y. Cooling effects of wetlands in an urban region: The case of Beijing. Ecol. Indic. 2012 , 20 , 57–64. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Casellas, E.; Bech, J.; Veciana, R.; Ramon Miro, J.; Sairouni, A.; Pineda, N. A meteorological analysis interpolation scheme for high spatial-temporal resolution in complex terrain. Atmos. Res. 2020 , 246 , 105103. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Yin, S.; Peng, L.L.H.; Feng, N.; Wen, H.; Ling, Z.; Yang, X.; Dong, L. Spatial-temporal pattern in the cooling effect of a large urban forest and the factors driving it. Build. Environ. 2022 , 209 , 108676. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Duan, S.; Ru, C.; Li, Z.; Wang, M.; Xu, H.; Li, H.; Wu, P.; Zhan, W.; Zhou, J.; Zhao, W.; et al. Reviews of methods for land surface temperature retrieval from Landsat thermal infrared data. J. Remote Sens. 2021 , 25 , 1591–1617. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Li, Z.L.; Tang, B.H.; Wu, H.; Ren, H.Z.; Yan, G.J.; Wan, Z.M.; Trigo, I.F.; Sobrino, J.A. Satellite-derived land surface temperature: Current status and perspectives. Remote Sens. Environ. 2013 , 131 , 14–37. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Song, T.; Duan, Z.; Liu, J.; Shi, J.; Yan, F.; Sheng, S.; Huang, J.; Wu, W. Comparison of four algorithms to retrieve land surface temperature using Landsat 8 satellite. J. Remote Sens. 2015 , 19 , 451–464. [ Google Scholar ]
• Qin, Z.; Karnieli, A.; Berliner, P. A mono-window algorithm for retrieving land surface temperature from Landsat TM data and its application to the Israel-Egypt border region. Int. J. Remote Sens. 2001 , 22 , 3719–3746. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Jimenez-Munoz, J.C.; Sobrino, J.A.; Skokovic, D.; Mattar, C.; Cristobal, J. Land surface temperature retrieval methods from landsat-8 thermal infrared sensor data. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 2014 , 11 , 1840–1843. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Rozenstein, O.; Qin, Z.; Derimian, Y.; Karnieli, A. erivation of land surface temperature for landsat-8 tirs using a split window algorithm. Sensors 2014 , 14 , 5768–5780. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Chang, Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, Q. Comparative study on land surface temperature retrieval on alpine mountainous cold regions: A case study of upper reach of Shule river basin. Remote Sens. Inf. 2016 , 31 , 122–128. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Yang, Y.; Chen, R.; Song, Y. An overview of measurement and calculation methods on the land surface temperature on alpine mountainous cold regions. Adv. Earth Sci. 2014 , 29 , 1383–1393. [ Google Scholar ]
• Zhong, L.; Su, Z.B.; Ma, Y.M.; Salama, M.S.; Sobrino, J.A. Accelerated changes of environmental conditions on the tibetan plateau caused by climate change. J. Clim. 2011 , 24 , 6540–6550. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Holzman, M.E.; Rivas, R.; Piccolo, M.C. Estimating soil moisture and the relationship with crop yield using surface temperature and vegetation index. Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. 2014 , 28 , 181–192. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Sandholt, I.; Rasmussen, K.; Andersen, J. A simple interpretation of the surface temperature/vegetation index space for assessment of surface moisture status. Remote Sens. Environ. 2002 , 79 , 213–224. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Qi, S.; Wang, C.; Niu, Z. Evaluating soil moisture status in China using the temperature/vegetationdryness index(tvdi). J. Remote Sens. 2003 , 7 , 420–427. [ Google Scholar ]
• Han, Y.; Wang, Y.; Zhao, Y. Estimating soil moisture conditions of the greater Changbai mountains by land surface temperature and NDVI. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 2010 , 48 , 2509–2515. [ Google Scholar ]
• Xu, M.; Yao, N.; Hu, A.; de Goncalves, L.G.G.; Mantovani, F.A.; Horton, R.; Heng, L.; Liu, G. Evaluating a new temperature-vegetation-shortwave infrared reflectance dryness index (TVSDI) in the continental United States. J. Hydrol. 2022 , 610 , 127785. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Tan, X.; Sun, X.; Huang, C.; Yuan, Y.; Hou, D. Comparison of cooling effect between green space and water body. Sustain. Cities Soc. 2021 , 67 , 102711. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Yu, Z.; Yang, G.; Zuo, S.; Jørgensen, G.; Koga, M.; Vejre, H. Critical review on the cooling effect of urban blue-green space: A threshold-size perspective. Urban For. Urban Green. 2020 , 49 , 126630. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Kong, F.; Yin, H.; Wang, C.; Cavan, G.; James, P. A satellite image-based analysis of factors contributing to the green-space cool island intensity on a city scale. Urban For. Urban Green. 2014 , 13 , 846–853. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Estoque, R.C.; Murayama, Y. Monitoring surface urban heat island formation in a tropical mountain city using Landsat data (1987–2015). ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens. 2017 , 133 , 18–29. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Dong, X.; Xie, C.; Zhao, L.; Yao, J.; Hu, G.; Qiao, Y. ChaCharacteristics of surface energy budget components in permafrost region of the Mahan mountain, Lanzhou. J. Glaciol. Geocryol. 2013 , 35 , 320–326. [ Google Scholar ]
• Xie, C.; Gough, W.A.; Tam, A.; Zhao, L.; Wu, T. Characteristics and persistence of relict high-altitude permafrost on Mahan mountain, loess plateau, China: Permafrost on Mahan mountain. Permafr. Periglac. Process. 2013 , 24 , 200–209. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Li, S. Pernafrost found on Mahan mountains near Lanzhou. J. Glaciol. Geocryol. 1986 , 8 , 409–410. [ Google Scholar ]
• Xie, C.; Zhao, L.; Wu, J.; Qiao, Y. Features and changing tendency of the permafrost in Mahan mountain, Lanzhou. J. Glaciol. Geocryol. 2010 , 32 , 883–890. [ Google Scholar ]
• Du, H.; Song, X.; Jiang, H.; Kan, Z.; Wang, Z.; Cai, Y. Research on the cooling island effects of water body: A case study of Shanghai, China. Ecol. Indic. 2016 , 67 , 31–38. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Yu, Z.W.; Guo, X.Y.; Jorgensen, G.; Vejre, H. How can urban green spaces be planned for climate adaptation in subtropical cities? Ecol. Indic. 2017 , 82 , 152–162. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Xu, H.; Chen, B. An image processing technique for the study of urban heat island changes using different seasonal remote sensing data. Remote Sens. Technol. Appl. 2003 , 18 , 129–133. [ Google Scholar ]
• Lu, Y.S.; He, T.; Xu, X.L.; Qiao, Z. Investigation the robustness of standard classification methods for defining urban heat islands. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Obs. Remote Sens. 2021 , 14 , 11386–11394. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Zhang, X.; Kasimu, A.; Liang, H.; Wei, B.; Aizizi, Y. Spatial and temporal variation of land surface temperature and its spatially heterogeneous response in the urban agglomeration on the northern slopes of the Tianshan mountains, northwest China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022 , 19 , 13067. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ] [ PubMed ]
• Gong, C.; Wang, S.-X.; Lu, H.-C.; Chen, Y.; Liu, J.-F. Research progress on spatial differentiation and influencing factors of soil heavy metals based on geographical detector. Huan Jing Ke Xue Huanjing Kexue 2023 , 44 , 2799–2816. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Wang, J.; Xu, C. Geodetector: Principle and prospective. Acta Geogr. Sin. 2017 , 72 , 116–134. [ Google Scholar ]
• Yang, H.; Luo, P.; Wang, J.; Mou, C.; Mo, L.; Wang, Z.; Fu, Y.; Lin, H.; Yang, Y.; Bhatta, L.D. Ecosystem evapotranspiration as a response to climate and vegetation coverage changes in northwest Yunnan, China. PLoS ONE 2015 , 10 , e0134795. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ] [ PubMed ]
• Blandford, T.R.; Humes, K.S.; Harshburger, B.J.; Moore, B.C.; Walden, V.P.; Ye, H. Seasonal and synoptic variations in near-surface air temperature lapse rates in a mountainous basin. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. 2008 , 47 , 249–261. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Zhao, K.; Peng, D.; Gu, Y.; Luo, X.; Pang, B.; Zhu, Z. Temperature lapse rate estimation and snowmelt runoff simulation in a high-altitude basin. Sci. Rep. 2022 , 12 , 13638. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ] [ PubMed ]
• Shi, S.; Wang, P.; Zhan, X.; Han, J.; Guo, M.; Wang, F. Warming and increasing precipitation induced greening on the northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Catena 2023 , 233 , 107483. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Zhu, L.; Guo, Z.; Xiao, M.; Qin, M.; Xie, Y. Construction of county ecological security pattern in semi-arid area:A case study of Lintao county. Acta Ecol. Sin. 2022 , 42 , 5799–5811. [ Google Scholar ]
• Wang, Z.; Han, F.; Li, C.; Li, K.; Wang, Z. Analysis of spatial differentiation of NDVI and climate factors on the upper limit of montane deciduous broad-leaved forests in the east monsoon region of China. Forests 2024 , 15 , 863. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]
• Xi, M.; Zhang, W.; Li, W.; Liu, H.; Zheng, H. Distinguishing dominant drivers on LST dynamics in the Qinling-Daba mountains in central China from 2000 to 2020. Remote Sens. 2023 , 15 , 878. [ Google Scholar ] [ CrossRef ]

Click here to enlarge figure

Share and Cite

He, B.; Shangguan, D.; Wang, R.; Xie, C.; Li, D.; Cheng, X. Cold and Wet Island Effect in Mountainous Areas: A Case Study of the Maxian Mountains, Northwest China. Forests 2024 , 15 , 1578. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15091578

He B, Shangguan D, Wang R, Xie C, Li D, Cheng X. Cold and Wet Island Effect in Mountainous Areas: A Case Study of the Maxian Mountains, Northwest China. Forests . 2024; 15(9):1578. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15091578

He, Beibei, Donghui Shangguan, Rongjun Wang, Changwei Xie, Da Li, and Xiaoqiang Cheng. 2024. "Cold and Wet Island Effect in Mountainous Areas: A Case Study of the Maxian Mountains, Northwest China" Forests 15, no. 9: 1578. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15091578

Article Metrics

Further information, mdpi initiatives, follow mdpi.

Subscribe to receive issue release notifications and newsletters from MDPI journals