2500 words research paper

Free 2500-Word Essay Samples

478 samples of this type

A 2500-word essay is a standard undergraduate college assignment. You might need to write an essay of such a length on almost any discipline: education, nursing, economics, science and technology, linguistics, etc. While writing a paper of 2500 to 2600 words, you will need to demonstrate an in-depth knowledge of the topic and the ability to structure your thoughts well.

DuPont: Analyzing T-Accounts and Financial Reports

Comparison of Financial Reports of the Companies The financial position of company A is stronger than that of company B. The total assets of Company A at the end of 2011 amounted to $1,176,027,002 while for Company A totaled $238,968. Similarly, revenue for company A was greater than that of...

Burger Hut Company Competitive Strategy

Executive Summary Burger Hut is a small company, yet it is striving to enter the global economy environment and operate in the world market. While the entrepreneurship is likely to face rather tough competition with the companies such as McDonald’s, KFC, Burger King, etc., operating in the same market, it...

The Arabs Conquest and the Spanish Colonization’ Comparison

Even though the Muslim rule in Iberia and the Spanish colonization of the New World may seem to have had very little in common, at least in the spatial sense of this word, this is far from being the case. After all, it is not only that a number of...

The Roswell Group Company in the Indian Market

Executive Summary The objective of this report is to carry out a macro-environmental analysis on global marketing, particularly the entrance into a new global market. The report focuses on the intended entrance of the Roswell Group into the Indian market to offer hospitality services through its Posh Hotels chain. The...

“Enough Rope” by A. Denton as a Hybrid of Talk and Current Affairs Shows

Intrduction The twentieth century is known for shift of the frames and Cultural Revolution. The sphere of media programming underwent serious changes in the first place. The emphasis was put on the entertaining purpose of television programs, sacrificing the accuracy of the information provided. Blurring the frontiers of the genre...

How Long Is a 2500 Word Essay Double Spaced?

An essay of 2500 words is approximately 10 pages double-spaced or 5 pages single-spaced. The most common format for all the major citation styles is 12-point Times New Roman, double spaced. This is about 250 words per page. While APA 7, MLA 9, and Chicago also accept fonts like Arial and Calibri, TNR 12 ppt is still preferable.

A 2500-Word Essay Is How Many Paragraphs?

A 2500-word essay contains 33 to 16 paragraphs on average. The length of a typical academic paragraph is about 100 words. You should include at least four sentences in your paragraph.

What a 2500-Word Essay Looks Like

A paper of 2500 words is not necessarily an essay. Such a length is also suitable for an extended essay, research paper, or term paper. In addition to the introduction, body, and conclusion, you might need to include other elements, like an abstract, methods, and discussion. This will depend on the genre of your assignment.

How Long Does It Take to Write a 2500-Word Essay?

Typing 2500 words on a keyboard usually takes 50 to 100 minutes, depending on your typing speed. However, if you need to write an academic paper, add time for research, formatting the text, and preparing graphic materials. You’ll need at least 8 hours for 2500 words.

How Many References Are in a 2500 Word Essay?

The final number of references that you should include in an essay of 2500 to 2550 words will depend on the assignment’s genre and complexity. For instance, on middle-school level, you’ll have to add 16 references on average. A bachelor-level assignment of 2500 words will require 33 references, while a graduate-level paper should refer to at least 50 sources.

Science and Religion: Historical Relationship

Introduction The historical relation between science and religion is long and has not been that cozy throughout history. The main area of contention is the view that both hold on the world whereby, as science tends to base all its explanations through empirical observations, religion on the other hand makes...

The Methods of Risk Management in Business

Introduction Environmental factors that cause risk The success of any business is highly dependent on the strategies it employs as well as the environmental conditions in which it runs. The business environment of today is being changed frequently. Changes in technology, market, and political environments increase the uncertainties of managers...

Informal Agents of Social Control

Introduction Social constructionist argues that world surrounding a person is constructed by the people in that social setting and imposes those things on them. The social organization is constructed by the participants and not inborn by character. The good example of social construct is gender and marriage. Sex is based...

Lowering Incarceration Rate in the United States

Introduction Criminal punishment has been a greatly debated topic for quite some time between citizens and various organizations. Justice is considered served when the offender is either fined or imprisoned for a specific period of life. The imprisonment verdict is authorized by the head of the court, such as a...

Diageo Plc’s Responsible Management

Introduction Diageo plc is a worldwide corporation specializing in producing and distributing alcoholic beverages, with its headquarters located in London, England. This firm has been operating in areas where water is limited for the whole population, and its brewing, distilling, and other non-product activities need water as a crucial input...

• Corporation

Leadership Style and Its Impact on Employees: Case Study Analysis

Leadership style is an important aspect of any kind of business, company, or organization. It includes methods of management, motivation, cooperation, control, penalties, and other factors related to the management of employees. Leadership has a direct impact on the company’s profitability and work efficiency, as it affects the motivation of...

Carl Rogers Biography and His Psychology Contributions

Every psychology student knows about the significant contribution of Carl Rogers to the field. He’s especially known for his humanistic theory. This essay covers all about Carl Rogers: contribution to psychology, biography, and more. Introduction Psychology is one of the oldest disciplines that has a multidimensional approaches. It is worth...

The Key Academic Themes of 21st Century Leadership

Introduction Leadership is a complex phenomenon that can be roughly defined as the two-sided relationship between leaders and followers who work together with the same purpose to achieve shared goals (Avolio et al., 2016; Lewis and Donaldson-Feilder, 2012; Yammarino, 2013). One of the tools that can help in understanding leadership...

Role of Irgun in Disrupting Peace

Introduction The peace process targeted at eliminating violence in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is extremely complex and multi-dimensional. Before the establishment of the state of Israel, the British government that was in control of Mandatory Palestine developed strict immigration policies that prevented Jews from immigrating to the territory. This led to...

Cell Phone Use While Driving Must Be Banned

It used to be that the only thing distracting the average driver was the radio. The urge to turn the knob and scan for the best song available can be so difficult to resist. As a result vehicular accidents may occur as the driver gets distracted. In the 21st century...

4Fingers Entering Vietnamese Market

Executive Summary 4Fingers is a successful business with operations in Singapore, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Since entering new markets requires a thorough analysis, the purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive description of the attractiveness of the Vietnamese market, including market size, growth rate, pricing trends, and competition. Besides,...

Professional Responsibility in the US Department of Justice

Abstract This paper examines the issue of violation of ethical considerations and professional responsibility in the US Justice Department. It examines the behavior of federal prosecutors who attempt to conceal information and evidence that is likely to mitigate the sentence. The paper uses the case of Lyons in examining the...

The Samsung Leadership and Strategy

Introduction The Samsung Electronics company fairly holds the rank of one of the leaders in the world market of electronics. Samsung has evolved from an insignificant company in the global marketplace in the early 1990s to a top-tier corporation in the second decade of the 21st century (Shin, 2017). This...

Mitsubishi Corporation’s Business Strategies and Core Capabilities

Mitsubishi corporation There are various motor vehicle manufacturing companies, thus creating great competition. This calls for involved organizations to create better and innovative strategies to compete in the market. Mitsubishi Motors Corporation is one of the senior automobile manufacturers in Japan, with its headquarters in Minato, Tokyo, Japan (Bhasin, 2017)....

Acutely Ill Patient: Care Management

Introduction People are often diagnosed with diverse illnesses, and some diseases can cause prompt changes in a person’s condition. Healthcare professionals face various challenges in terms of recognising and assisting acutely ill patients in a timely manner (Bliss and Aitken, 2018). Typically, deteriorating patients have modifications in their physiological parameters,...

• International Relations
• Performance

Picture Exchange Communication Systems for Autists

Introduction As our world has become more modernized, it has positively progressed in the direction of accommodating people with disabilities such as those autism disorders. In combating the impact of autism disorder (that clips the ability of an affected individual to communicate to others), there has been a common use...

“Out of the Past” Noir Film by Jacques Tourneur

As of today, it became a commonplace assumption among many film-critics that the era of classical Noir films extends from the year 1941, which saw the release of John Huston’s film The Maltese Falcon, to the year 1958, when Orson Welles produced his movie Touch of Evil. Nevertheless, it was...

Jolly Ranchers Company’s Market Analysis

Executive Summary Jolly Ranchers is a confectionary firm in the United States that operates in a highly competitive industry. In this study, the researcher looked at the marketing mix elements of this company, the market penetration approach it should use, and brand analysis and recommendations. The paper looked at SWOT...

Social Media’ and Business’ Relationships in Indonesia

Introduction In 2013, Indonesia was ranked among the top five countries worldwide on Facebook usage. The state is democratic (Aspinall, 2010, p. 20), and this form of governance allows the growth of social media as opposed to China, where such liberties are curtailed. Indonesians use social media for economic purposes,...

American Express. Customer Service Operations and Excellence

The need for strategy change for American express From the case study, American express had previously concentrated on getting as many clients as possible, and then having little regard for the onwards. This is fatal for any customer oriented business, and had severe consequences, as shown by the drop in...

The Great Person Theory Definition

Everything in this world has a history. How is history formed is a topic long debated by historians. Historians believe in different theories behind the formation of history. These theories have led to controversies like the dependability versus unreliability of their reasoning. A few historians, including ancient and modern, believe...

Importance of Self-Insight for Business Leaders

Introduction Self-insight is important for business leaders because it helps them identify their areas of improvement and win the trust of their followers. In this paper, I aim to take a step toward self-awareness by exploring my strengths and areas of improvement, identified through the VIA Character Strengths questionnaire. First,...

Practices in Managing the Project Life Cycle

Abstract The implementation of project plans is a task that requires extensive preparation due to the multitasking and a wide range of conventions to take into account. One of the essential factors is the assessment of management at each of the four stages – initiation, planning, execution and closure. This...

Factors Affecting Perception of Attractiveness in Faces

Introduction Modern cognitive neuroscience theory divides attractive and unattractive faces into regular, symmetrical, and pronounced sexual features. The averageness of the face indicates how heterozygous the organism is. It illustrates how the organism is adapted and susceptible to the fight against the surrounding danger. Facial symmetry is associated with how...

Metacognition & Self-Regulated Learning

Educational Theories Formal and informal learning takes place in guided frameworks or structures commonly referred to as educational theories. According to educationalists, these are theories that outline the purpose of education, its application as well as the interpretation of educational learning. These theories provide a guide through which Knowledge, skills,...

• Advertising
• Communication
• Discrimination

Godard’s Film History “Le Mepris”

As of today, the majority of movie critics agree with suggestions that the genre of auteur film, which gained a particular popularity with moviegoers during the course of fifties and sixties, should be discussed within the context of many European producers of the era having strived to endow their cinematographic...

Nestle: Internationalization of Business

Introduction Today, the global economy can be characterized by the increasing tendency of internationalization. These changes can be explained by the free movement of goods, people, and resources, the growing importance of international trade, and the overall trend of globalization in many spheres of business. Companies worldwide start to target...

Jamboree Marquees Limited Company Analysis

Introduction Business dynamics are always changing and this calls for proper management to ensure that business organizations attain profitability. In today’s business world, most companies are competing on the basis of flexibility, speed, and innovation and this requires excellent technical expertise as well as proper management. There seems to be...

Constitutional Law Hong Kong: Freedom of Expression

Introduction The constitutional law of Hong Kong is the Basic Law that applies in the Special Administrative Region. Hong Kong is part of the People’s Republic of China. Hong Kong, which is headed by the Chief Executive, is autonomous. The region was under British rule but in 1997, the region...

Financial Management and Quality of Healthcare

Introduction Considering the existing healthcare setting, where financial facts play a vital role in corporate decision making, it is important that executives at all ranks comprehend the rudimentary facts of healthcare finance. It is also important for managers to understand how these facts are used to improve the financial position...

Animal Foodland Company’s Marketing and Mission

Introduction The Animal Foodland is a premier food company that seeks to meet the needs of dog keepers in Austin, Texas, and its environment. The firm specializes in organic foods to meet the needs of clients who seek an alternative to animal products. The location of the business is preferred...

Evolution of Indigenous Rights and Governance in Canada

Like other indigenous people across the world, indigenous people in Canada are the most discriminated against in society. Historically, indigenous people in Canada have been discriminated against in social, economic, and political aspects. Various forms of discrimination instigated towards the aboriginal people in Canada informed the fight against marginalization (Gathii...

Perceiving “The Holy Grail” in Le Morte D’Arthur and Idylls of the King

Introduction In the history of Christianity, symbolism has been a significant aspect of religion, with various objects, animals, and features playing an essential role in symbolizing different things. One of the most common symbols in the Christian faith is the ‘Holy Grail,’ which generally represents the vessel that Jesus and...

Quran and Peace Interpretations

Introduction The primary goal of a Qur’an exegesis is to serve the book by explaining its meanings, clearing its ambiguities, and making it accessible to individuals of different backgrounds, ages, and races. Above all, Muslim commentators intended that their writings would benefit their readers spiritually and intellectually. They thought their...

The Role of Supply Chain Management in Achieving the Organizational Success

Introduction Practical organizational functioning is impossible without competent management concerning procurement and supply chains. WHO was chosen for analyzing the role of supply chain management due to the availability and openness of information about the company’s policy. Moreover, WHO’s ethical mission is to lead the supply chain to improve healthcare...

• Environment
• Relationship

Therapeutic Work With Childhood Sexual Abuse Survivors

Introduction Sexual abuse in childhood is an urgent social issue, which reverberates into adulthood. People who have been subjected to sexual crimes need professional psychological help long after the event transpired. However, despite the overall understanding that therapy is important for healing child sexual abuse (CSA) survivors, the scientific data...

Policy Alternatives to Decrease Opioid Overdose Rates

Introduction The problem of the opioid epidemic in the United States has been at the center of an ongoing discussion for several years. As reported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2021), “an estimated 10.1 million people aged 12 or older misused opioids” in 2019 (para. 7)....

Immunology: HIV and AIDS in the African-American Community

Introduction HIV/AIDS is a major epidemic affecting a large fraction of the US population. A great percentage of this [population is blacks. These people are African American. Statistics have been carried out, and there are factors about the spread of this epidemic. It has been found out that 60% of...

Hewlett Packard Company’s Cost Accounting Analysis

Executive Summary The chosen company for financial accounting analysis is Hewlett Packard, American Information Technology Company. It is publicly traded company which specializes in personal computers, notebook computers, servers, network management software’s, printers, digital cameras, calculators and other technology related equipments in form of hardware and software. The company maintains...

Caesars Entertainment: Human Resource Management Issues

Introduction Caesars Entertainment is one of the leading gaming companies. It was established in the year 1998 as Park Place Entertainment and later re-named as Caesars Entertainment in 2004.The Company is headquartered in Las Vegas. It owns 29 properties in five countries and has about 54,000 employees. Caesars Entertainment operates...

Representation of Sexuality in the Media: Advertisement

It is an entirely difficult thing to underestimate impacts that have been generated from sexual representation in the media. This is because, with the current advancement in technology, sexual advertisement has greatly influenced the cultural behaviors of people in the societies. The representation has also enhanced people to realize their...

Religion and Belief: Comprehensive Review

Understand the key features of a sociological approach to religion and belief Beliefs constitute the backbone of any community. Indeed, “societies were founded, cohere, develop, degenerate and die based on their belief systems” (Usó-Doménech and Nescolarde-Selva, 2016, p. 147). These systems allow people to comprehend the surrounding world and provide...

Artemisia Gentileschi: Forerunner of Feminism

Nowadays, it is often suggested that Artemisia Gentileschi (1593- 1656) should be deemed the actual forerunner of feminism in the West and there is indeed much rationale behind such a point of view. After all, Gentileschi was the first female artist/painter who succeeded in attaining a “cult-status” in Europe for...

Social and Economic Aspects of Unemployment in the UAE

Introduction The rate of unemployment is one of the elements that determine how well or poor a country is performing about the established global average levels. Joblessness is a multifaceted social and economic aspect that influences the performance of other sectors such as health and education. In this regard, an...

Zionism as a Reaction to European Anti-Semitism

Introduction Scholars like Robert Wistrich and Joseph Massad debate over the exact cause of the Jewish Zionism in the better part of the 19th century. Initially, the Jews lived in different communities across Europe and in Palestine; they lacked a place of their own in which they could live as...

• Climate Change
• Customer Service
• McDonald's

Breastfeeding Promotion Program for American Women

Overview and context The available evidence indicates that for a baby’s first year of life, there is no better food than breast milk. The studies point out that breastfeeding is beneficial to both the child and the mother. The benefits breastfeeding provides ranges from nutritional to health, economic and even...

The HASS Curriculum and the Integration of Diverse Perspectives

Introduction The Humanities and Social Sciences (HASS) encompass a broad range of aspects pertinent to social, civic, and citizenship education. In the latest iteration of the Australian Curriculum, HASS includes studies of History, Geography, Civics, and Citizenship, as well as Economics and Business, with the primary teaching document being called...

A Christian-Muslim: Is It Possible?

The concept of dual faith revolves around exercising beliefs and practices drawn from different faiths. You could say that a Christian-Muslim dual faith system is unheard of. This would be true in as far as the tenets of both religious bodies are concerned. So for Ann Holmes Redding she cannot...

The Changing Face of Security Threat

Introduction All countries have a military Almost all the countries in the world have a functional military outfit. These military outfits are tasked with the responsibility of ensuring that their countries’ borders are free from intrusion. In the olden days, attacks from enemies were a common occurrence. This called for...

Prontosil Synthesis and Enzyme Binding Studies

Background Prontosil (2,4-diaminoazobenzene-4’-sulfonamide) is a potential “sulfa drug” used in chemotherapy of especially “cocci infections” (streptococci, gonococci and pneumococci). In literature there are several methods to synthesize this compound and invariably the starting material is sulfanilamide (p-aminobenzenesulfonamide). Sulfanilamide is synthesized in lab from acetanilide treated with chlorosulfonic acid to acetaminobenzenesulfonyl...

Advanced Nuclear Energy Options

Background The need to cut carbon emissions has become a global priority to mitigate climate change effects. Unstable global oil prices, unreliable supply due to political instability in oil-exporting countries, and more importantly, the growing fossil fuel-related carbon dioxide (CO2) footprint are the factors driving the shift to renewable energy...

The Global Impact of Climate Change Into Our Homes and Families

Introduction A home is a space used either permanently or semi-permanent by an individual, family, or group. A home can be semi-sheltered or fully sheltered and contain both interior and exterior aspects (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948). For instance, homes provide shelter and rooms for domestic activities such as...

The Difference Between Global History and World History

There have been unending discussions about world history and global history concepts. History as a profession has been adamant in appreciating the significance of globalization. A major contributing factor refers to world history asserting that global history, which involves the study of globalization, is a challenge to its establishment. As...

Ben Jonson’s Comedy “Volpone”

Abridged Production History The history of British dramaturgy cannot be discussed without mentioning Ben Jonson’s comedy Volpone, as such that represents a particularly high dramaturgic value. In its turn, this can be partially explained by the fact that the themes and motifs, contained in this play, did not only correlate...

Workforce Activities and Corporate Social Responsibility

Introduction The changing global environment is forcing corporations to transform their models in order to remain profitable and relevant in their market segments. The problem of environmental degradation is a major problem attracting the attention of organizational theorists and scholars. Many consumers are also focusing on the ecological impacts of...

• International Marketing
• Christianity

Simmers Restaurant Service Experience

Service Encounter Diary My Service Encounter at Simmers Restaurant Naturally, I am not a fan of leisure travel. However, being a middle-level sales manager in a local bank requires me to travel a lot and widely as my job entails going out there and seeking customers. But when my cousin...

System Simulation and Modelling: Arena Operating Software

The term Arena as used in software and technology science represents an object-oriented, hierarchized, rapid, and broad advancement in simulation technology that enables the use of enterprise-wide simulation. It is extendible and provides a complete simulation environment that supports all the base steps in a study [1]. The Arena simulation...

The Contexts of Religion and Violence

Introduction Researchers, who adopt a functionalist approach to religion, believe that it strengthens the unity of the community. Moreover, this institution is believed to eliminate the risk of social conflicts or at least minimise their impacts. This idea has been advocated by Emile Durkheim and his supporters (1965, p. 44)....

“The Padding that Hurt”: Human Resource and Ethics

The case scenario The padding that hurt does appear to contain a number of ethical issues, which call to be resolved in one way or another. The main of them can be outlined as follows. Should Sue Davenport (Human Resources Director) persist with insisting that Dan Murphy (Senior Vice-President) must...

Math Anxiety, Its Factors and Interventions

Introduction One of the problems that may affect the classroom environment and student achievement (for age 3-6 years) negatively is math anxiety. Math anxiety strongly affects mathematic achievement in all levels of learning. The anxiety is defined as a negative cognition, avoidance behavior, and inadequate and pressured feeling that affects...

Apple Inc.’s and General Motors Company’s Customer Service

Introduction Customer service is the art of listening and attending to clients’ needs in a professional manner. In the contemporary world where businesses face many challenges due to competition and innovation dynamics, successful organizations consider customer service in their growth strategies. The goal is to ensure that the clients get...

Teaching Practical Application of Theories and Research

Introduction America has now moved past the explosive problem of racial desegregation and the controversy over progressivism. Now different issues are gaining increased attention: the teaching of creation and evolution, tax credits for private tuition, sex education and others. Recent years, religious education and impact of religious doctrines on educational...

ICT Department of Public University in Dubai

Executive Summary This assignment is aimed to review a public University in Dubai, focusing on the ICT department. The University has been struggling to deliver quality education to its students this is the reason why it has focused on strengthening the ICT department to facilitate flow of information between the...

Changes in the Global Water Cycle

Introduction Evidence does exist of the rise in the global mean surface air temperature in the twentieth century. More so, even if there are several uncertainties about the level of climatic change in the future, several types of research carried out show that in the future, global warming is quite...

Wal-Mart’s Electronic Marketing and Strategic Approaches

Executive summary Wal-Mart Inc. has been in existence since 1962. The retail store chain has significantly expanded in the global market segments in Europe, America, and Asia. Its powerful retail brand with “Everyday low price” slogan depicts its successful money-for-value pricing policy and strategy (Zook, &Graham 2006, p.15). Even though...

• Social Responsibility
• Civilization
• Air Transport

Evaluation of “Obscuring Causality in Rape Discourse” by Hilton

Abstract The fundamental problem of the article “Obscuring causality in rape discourse: A quantitative analysis of variation in argument Structure” is the choice of the right word combination that will clearly explain the situation of sexual violence. At the same time, an essential point is a reason why people use...

Business Events: Service Quality Management

Despite technological changes, business travel or tourism remains a fundamental part of international business management. Business events have led to the growth of tourism-related activities on international markets as executives and employees travel for professional or personal reasons. When people travel to business events, they need services that construct the...

Criticism of Skinner’s Views on Behavioral Analysis

Abstract The paper discusses B.F. Skinner and his contribution to personality theory. It begins by offering a brief history of Skinner and his academic accomplishments. It highlights how Skinner was able to make contributions that were both profound and practical in the field of applied behavioral analysis. Skinner’s radical behaviorism...

To What Extend Do Fdi Reduce Exploitation of Chinese Workers

Abstract China has experienced tremendous growth since the invasion of foreign direct investments. By allowing foreign investors to establish themselves in the country, the economic environment of the country has experienced positive change therefore putting the country at a higher growth level than other developing countries. The paper mainly focuses...

Ana Mendieta’s Works Analysis

This research work aims to analyze the works of a famous Cuban-American artist, Ana Mendieta. In particular, we need to focus on such issues as the dominant motifs in her photographs, sculptures, and performances. Secondly, it is of the crucial importance to trace the sources of artistic influence, and the...

Trust and Transparency in Management and Leadership of Health Care Organizations

The concept of transparency has gained prominence over the last decade, especially within the healthcare industry. When appropriately implemented, transparency creates trust between leaders and healthcare professionals, patients and healthcare facilities, and the whole healthcare system. It helps improve morale, boost performance, lower job-related stress, and increase patients’ happiness. The...

Chemical Hazards: Risk Assessment and Analysis

Introduction Critical Systems and Key Resources (CI/KR) in America are essential for optimizing the basic functioning and security of the country. Through risk assessments (RA), impending dangers will be discovered promptly, allowing for mitigation. Risk assessment evaluates the potential hazards to buildings and other types of assets in the case...

Human Development in Zimbabwe

Introduction The report covers ‘human development’, its meaning and measures within the context of Zimbabwe. The primary aim of the report is to promote thought and analysis on the meaning of the term ‘development’ and its measurement within the context of Zimbabwe. Thus, the report answers basic questions about development...

Mental Disorders in Infancy, Childhood, Adolescence

Abstract Statistics on mental disorders show that they tend to prevail in infants, children, and adolescents. More than 2.5 million children in the USA suffer from different kinds of mental disorders and more than 13% are in the risk group (Paul, 2007). Disorders in children and adults are not clearly...

How African Americans Change the Sport?

Introduction Has anyone ever wondered how the world of sports had turned out different if it was not for African-American athletes? We are very fortunate to live today in this time and in this country, the United States which revolves and lives around individual and team sports. But are we...

• Organizational Behavior
• Recruitment
• Competition

Abu Dhadi Airports Innovation in Aviation

Contemporary economic development is under the significant influence of innovation. New technologies provide companies with outstanding opportunities to improve their performance and achieve sustainability. One of the industries that benefit from technological advancement in aviation. This report focuses on innovative aspects in the activity of Abu Dhabi Airports, one of...

Thirst for Freedom: The Art of Bible Translation

Introduction Exodus is a Greek word that means the exit of a large group and the second book in the Old Testament. The book bases its story on the movement of Israelites out of Egypt. Egypt is considered bondage to Israelites. The exit is documented in accounts, phases, and Exodus...

The Drug Enforcement Administration Business Model

Introduction The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) operates under a business model that ensures efficient activities of its employees and good cooperation with partners. However, two building blocks of the existing canvas can be altered to enhance the efficiency of operations. Firstly, approaches to the coordination of actions and cooperation can...

Trident Seafoods Company’s Corporate Governance

Introduction The success of any business firm depends on the level of leadership involvement and the willingness to respond to the changing economic times. Companies that fail to focus on emerging forces, formulate proper models, and address identified challenges find it hard to achieve their business aims. Organizational theorists propose...

World Trade Center Disaster and Anti-Terrorism

Introduction The 9/11 attacks in the United States led to the World Trade Center disaster, which was a major wake-up call for the authorities in the security field of the nation. The disaster influenced the development of the Department of Homeland, which was aimed at enhancing security for the major...

Empowerment Examples: Starbucks and McDonald’s

Are you looking for empowerment examples? Then you might benefit from reading this paper, which provides employee empowerment company examples: McDonald’s and Starbucks. You’ll find out how these firms increase the motivation of their workers and support high levels of employee engagement. This employee engagement essay also looks into the...

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Diagnosis and Causes

Thesis statement Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) or “Lou Gehrig’s disease” refers to the common neurological disease that is caused by progressive and unabated degeneration of the motor neurons located in the spinal cord (particularly the ‘ventral horn’) and cortical neurons. The effect of the disease is to cause; weakness in...

A Pale View of Hills: The First Novel, Written by Kazuo Ishiguro

A Pale View of Hills is the first novel, written by a prominent English-speaking author, Kazuo Ishiguro. In this book, the novelist explores various themes, and this book can be analyzed from various perspectives, for example, the relationships between family members, the sense of alienation, the hardships, which many immigrants...

Al-Ghazali’s Sufism in Contrast to Classical Sufism

Introduction Sufism has often been cited as a representation of Islamic faith and practice. Through it, knowledge and divine love’s truth is sought in God and Godly life. Sufism operates on the concept of mystical paths. The path is focused on enhancing the existence of wisdom knowledge and divine love...

Prioritizing Ecosystem Services in Conservation

Abstract The current work is focused on estimating the pros and cons of prioritizing ecosystem services in conservation. The significance of saving and protecting ecosystems requires interfering with the natural flow of events and taking action in order to get more profit for human well-being. From one side, people depend...

• Business Strategy

Production Decisions in UK Manufacturing Between 2010 to 2019

Introduction The accessibility of goods and services is among the key determinants of how effective the economy of a certain state currently is. Specifically, it shows what amount of a particular product is available to the population and what those can afford. These parameters are directly dependent on supply, which,...

Collaborative Therapy: Systemic Family Therapy

Collaborative therapy is a philosophical and postmodern treatment model which encourages and promotes a change process that assists clients in finding solutions through mutual relations between them and therapists. The therapy process is collaborative and meaning-making and mainly occurs in conversations between the two parties. Moreover, it is generative and...

Plastic Surgery History: Interesting Information and Origin

Plastic surgery is a form of treatment that has been practiced in Egypt and India centuries back. Its prominence grew with the two World Wars, where it was used to repair the injuries of soldiers and replace the lost body parts. As a result, it became a part of the...

Violence in the Caribbean Virgin Islands

Abstract Violence remains a major problem in different regions and islands across the Caribbean. This kind of malpractice affects the integrity of the entire society and discourages people from pursuing their economic and social goals. The paper focuses on the nature and effect of gang violence in the Caribbean and...

Satire Usage in Film as a Tool for Social Change

Satire is a corrective form of humor but it can take different forms; in fact, the five films analyzed in this essay are all satires but belong in various sub-categories. The first one, Charlie Chaplin’s Modern Times, creates a lasting image of the industrialized world’s dehumanization, while Stanley Kubrick’s Dr....

Classical and Evolutionist Theories

Introduction Business management employs various strategies to achieve results. The five steps strategy by Porter focus on outside factors like the strength/weaknesses of competitions. The resource based approach by Penrose employ the firm’s resource and capabilities to gain a competitive edge. Theories, on their part, explain why various approaches to...

Disruptive Nature of Comedian Comedies

Introduction Comedy is a major form of entertainment in the world today. Comedians constitute some of the most known celebrities in our society. Today almost every television runs a comedy series; some of which are greatly adored by their fans. Stand up comedies are also in the increase with stand...

Risk Management Technique: Risk Analysis and Evaluation

Introduction Environmental Factors that Cause Risk Business is a complicated phenomenon that is regulated by its own rules and laws. Accordingly, when business decisions are made, they are adjusted to the reality of the business environment and potential developments of the markets. Forecasting and prediction of future thus play an...

The Contemporary Architecture and Technological Trends

Introduction Technology simply refers to the purposeful application of scientific approaches in commercial or industrial objectives. The impact of technology on modern society cannot be overestimated. Many people view technology as a boon to society, considering the many benefits it has brought to the global population. The trend has served...

Classic and New Leadership and Management Theories

Introduction Leadership and management theories have helped form and shape the way organizations are governed. However, these theories are different and can be applied to achieve different organizational purposes. For example, transformational leadership is one of the classic theories where leaders motivate their followers by increasing self-efficacy (Yukl & Gardner,...

• Old Testament

The Effect of Business Ethics on the Customer Service Sector

Abstract While the implementation of profit-generating initiatives is essential, the observance of ethical principles is necessary for consumer trust and loyalty, which determine the degree of success experienced by organizations in the customer service sector. Ethical leadership and training are vital to the delivery of services in the customer service...

McDonald’s Company’ Integration of Marketing Communication

Introduction Organisations deploy different methodologies to communicate their brand to the existing and potential new customers. The complexity of the marketing environment, especially for organisations that operate in a competitive market, calls for the integration of marketing communication (IMC). Keller (2009) defines IMC as the incorporation and harmonising of diverse...

Comfy Heels Company’s Marketing Plan

Executive Summary Comfy Heels is a new footwear company. Its goal is to create camel leather high heel shoes for women who want both comfort and fashion in their footwear. Camel leather products are extremely durable but can expand around the foot of the wearer which prevents pain and discomfort....

Civil War Memoirs of Southern Women

Introduction Civil War of 1861-1865 was known as the deadliest war in the history of the United States. After the War had ended, the slavery was abolished in the price of more than half million people. The country restored the significant role of the federal government but still the consequences...

Corporate Social Responsibility Concept Definition

Nowadays, it became a commonplace practice among many large companies in the West, to take pride in having incorporated the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) into the very core of their operational philosophy. This practice, however, cannot be deemed thoroughly justified, because the main conceptual provisions of CSR happened...

Event Sponsorship’s Marketing Plan

Introduction In the contemporary times, event sponsorship is an accepted powerful product promotional tool that when used in conjunction with other marketing tools enables an organisation to reach its set objectives. Event sponsorship is a more innovative marketing strategy than other endeavours such as advertisement and product promotional campaigns as...

“Not Under My Roof: Parents, Teens, and the Culture of Sex” by Schalet

Introduction These days, sex education appears to be a matter of multiple discussions. This topic especially regards teenagers, who are eager to start their sexual life, but they are not experienced enough. This fact is highly likely to lead to negative consequences and result in psychological traumas, unintended pregnancy, and...

Biblical Theology and How to Practice It

Introduction Over the past fifty years, biblical academics have offered a new perspective on biblical theology. Scholars have used different evangelical approaches to accurately articulate the significance of Christ-themed biblical theology and its prospects1. Biblical theology is known as the concept that regulates essential facts, comprehension, Jesus, and God’s likeness....

America as the Sole Superpower

Introduction As the name suggests, a superpower is a nation that demonstrates a great capacity to dominate other nations or regions in the international order. This term was highly applicable in pre cold war times especially during the first and second world wars. After the cold war, the Soviets lost...

Age Discrimination in the Work Place

Abstract In the recent days the phenomenon of discrimination should be considered to be a peril of the employment. In this age of cultural diversity, economic development and modernization the age discrimination in labour market is a stigma to the corporate world. It is found in every corner of this...

• Financial Management
• Information Technology

Effective Interaction in Early Childhood Education

Introduction The early childhood education (ECE) system is the initial link of all pedagogical training. At this stage, first speech and reading skills are formed, as well as the process of acquaintance with the world around them. At the same time, young children are very vulnerable: poor care, limitations, lack...

Human Factors in Aviation

Introduction It is important to point out that today; aviation is the safest mode of transport. One of the key challenges facing the aviation industry and regulatory authorities is to improve the safety of the air transport system. The solution to this issue is associated with some difficulties. Considering flight...

The Films “Hachi: A Dog’s Tale” and “Hachiko Monogatari”

Introduction The global mass media industry is becoming more diverse due to the wave of globalization and people’s ability to access a wide variety of movies. In the past, analysts have identified unique differences in the storylines and cinematic attributes of Asian and Western films. This reality exists due to...

Bio Ethics and Stem Cell Research

The advancement in technology and science has helped man over the years to come up with miraculous cures and inventions; profitable to the mankind in all ways possible. One of the major reasons of the exponential growth in population is the sharp decrease in mortality rates all over the world;...

Concepts of Law Enforcement: Pursuing Criminal Justice

Law-enforcement practices can be traced back to the year 1016 when King William attacked and conquered England. His ruling style was oppressive and never considered people’s right to freedom. The king partitioned England into military areas and assigned each area an officer, who could control it. In addition to these...

Mass Prophylaxis Dispensing Plan in Dallas, Texas

Introduction The purpose of this paper is to develop a mass prophylaxis dispensing plan that will be used in Dallas County of Texas. The company that will be responsible for the dispensation plan will be the Federal Health Services Department in Dallas. To understand the dispensation plan, a definition of...

The Era of Hitchcock: “Number 17” Film

Abstract The film industry of the 1920s and 1930s was considerably influenced by the political and economic situations in the countries. For example, in Great Britain, much attention was paid to the emergence of sound films and the necessity to create new approaches, plots, and projects. Alfred Hitchcock was one...

A Conventional Japanese Family in a Film Tokyo Sonata

Introduction Tokyo Sonata is one of the most recent works of Kiyoshi Kurosawa that depicts a conventional Japanese Family. The 2008 film delves deep into a culture where there are strict roles meant for every member of the family and the consequences that might arise when one fails to or...

Woolworths Foreign Market Entry Strategy

Introduction Woolworths company has been in operation since 1924 and is arguably one of the largest chain supermarkets in Australia. Like any other business, Woolworths is looking to expand its business operations internationally to acquire new clients and grow profits. The company is renowned for its high-quality meat and grocery...

Boeing 747 vs. Airbus A380: A Comparison

Abstract The stiff market competition that exists between Airbus and Boeing was evoked by the emergence of Airbus after a long period of Boeing’s domination of the large jetliner market. Often referred to as Airline wars, this competition is a result of several corporate failures and mergers in the industry....

Social Class and Difference in Theatrical Comedies

Class difference is an inevitable constitute of literary work. A drama that reflects the social construct of time is an indispensable source to understand class and societal structure of an era. In an attempt to portray, the world dramatists demonstrated the littlest equations that set the people apart. Most prominent...

Religious Faith During the Era of Francois Voltaire

Introduction Voltaire was born in the final years of the seventeenth century and died a decade before the beginning of the French Revolution. Christened François Marie Arouet, he subsequently assumed his name to Voltaire. In fact, Voltaire was a central and quintessential figure of the eighteenth century, so much so...

Ibn Khaldun’s Understanding of Civilizations and the Dilemmas of Islam and the West Today

Introduction In recent years, there have been many attempts, on the part of representatives of world’s intellectual elite, too weaken irreconcilable antagonisms between Western and Islamic mentalities, as the ultimate mean of making this world a better place to live. Akbar S. Ahmed’s article “Ibn Khaldun’s Understanding of Civilizations and...

Anti-Theistic Arguments on Existence of God

Usually, people perceive religion and belief as aspects of personal choice that are difficult or impossible to dispute. Most often, belief is based on unjustified facts or events; however, this feature does not prevent people from holding on to their positions. On the other hand, anti-theistic arguments are most often...

Ireland’s Civil Aviation Safety’s Strategic Position

Introduction Civil aviation has outstanding strategic importance today. Its ability to support the globalization of the world, foster international relations, and provide clients with the desired levels of comfort contribute to the high speed of the sector’s evolution and it’s becoming the basis for the future rise of society (Stolzer...

Canadian Regulation of Multinational Corporations

Introduction Purpose and context of the report The prime principle of globalization is featured by the interconnected holistic phenomenon. Due to globalization, the world has become a village in terms of politics, economic endeavors, and cultural interaction. Understanding the position of globalization in the Canadian society requires critical analysis of...

Romanian Immigrations in United Kingdom

Introduction Immigration in the UK has been on a constant rise with the country’s new immigration rising since 1970s. Hatton has pointed out that immigration exceeded net migration in 1998-2000 has increased by more than 1000 thousand per annum (Hatton, 2005, p.719; Travis, 2007). The increasing number of immigrants in...

Brexit Effects on the UK and International Relations

Introduction On 23 June 2016, the British came out in large numbers to vote for a referendum that marked the turning point for their relationship with other European Union (EU) member countries. The majority of the people voted in favor of leaving the EU. It was not the first time...

Colgate Company’s Marketing Strategies

If you’re about to write a paper on Colgate marketing strategy, check out our sample! Here, you’ll find information about marketing mix of Colgate, the company’s campaigns, positioning, branding, and other aspects. Introduction A marketing plan is a comprehensive document that covers an organization’s product promotion efforts for a given...

Embarrassment and Consumer Behaviour

Introduction The negative emotions such as embarrassment may significantly affect individual’s behaviour in different purchase situations. The article “Effects of consumer embarrassment on shopping basket size and value: a study of the millennial consumer” written by Nichols, Raska, and Flint and published in the Journal of Consumer Behaviour in 2015...

• Organizational Change
• Aviation Safety
• Forecasting

Childhood Obesity Prevention: Physical Education and Nutrition

Abstract In most cases, many people believe that obesity is a childhood problem. This may be true to some extent. However, it is important to note that unless controlled, as a child grows, obesity can lead to many health complications in adulthood. In this regard, to help children avoid health...

Supply Chain as a Crucial Component of Sustainability in the Fashion Industry

Introduction The fashion industry has always been one of the most influential drivers of society. For many decades, designers of apparel dictated the rules, and millions of people all over the world obeyed them. However, with the recent emergence of the movement towards sustainable development, the roles have switched. Nowadays,...

COVID-19 Effect on Hospitality and Tourism

Introduction Coronavirus disease, also known as COVID-19, is one of the most dangerous recent diseases, and people should take multiple steps to manage its prevalence and adverse effects on different spheres of life. Global tourism and the hospitability industry have undergone significant changes because of the pandemic and the necessity...

Global Warming is Not a Myth

Is climate change natural? Is global warming a myth? Essay samples like this one will help you find the answer. Check it out if you need to write a “global warming is not a myth” essay. Forewords Whether global warming is a theory or a reality has been a matter...

Techno Company’s Corporate Social Responsibility

Introduction In the modern business world, CSR and PR concepts have become popular notions with respect to how companies relate with the society in which they operate. These concepts are closely linked because they deal with the public domain that influences their prosperity. Public Relations (PR) refers to ways through...

Decision-Making Process and Types of Skills

Introduction Today, the ability to solve business problems, conflicts between employees to maintain the team spirit within the team is an essential part of the functioning of the business. According to Minda, “thinking is so central to the human experience that it has been described as the essence of being”...

Use of Teamwork in Organizations

Introduction Teamwork in organizations involves taking collective actions at all levels at the workplace to ensure collaboration. Cooperation is in contrast to the concept of individual effort that is devoid of collaboration amongst members of a workplace. Teamwork insists on ensuring that all members of the workplace are put into...

Social Work: the Latin American Youth Center

Today, in relation to social work field, many organizations seek to help individuals, families, couples, groups, and communities to improve their quality of life and wellbeing. This goal is accomplished through research, policy, community organizing, direct practice, crisis, and intervention. Some communities try to address social problems with the help...

Kyrgyzstan’s Demographics, Government and Culture

Basic Information The official national name of Kyrgyzstan is the Kyrgyz Republic (Central Intelligence Agency, 2018). A citizen of Kyrgyzstan is properly referred to as a Kyrgyzstani (Central Intelligence Agency, 2018). Products of materials from Kyrgyzstan are referred to as Kyrgyz in origin (Central Intelligence Agency, 2018). Demographics The population...

Ecofeminism and Fight for Animal Rights

Feminists are known to be some of the most progressive fighters for equality in the world. However, their endeavors do not only comprise human relationships. There is a branch of feminism that deals with defending the rights of animals. This ideology is called ecofeminism, and its supporters argue that animals...

• Risk Assessment
• Globalization

The Role of the Nurse in a Palliative Care Setting.

Introduction Nurses play a crucial role in Palliative Care Setting providing communication and patients’ support for diverse patients groups. Palliative care has grown rapidly during the last two decades. Stimulated by the development of life-saving and monitoring techniques requiring specialized personnel and equipment, palliative care units developed in a relatively...

Brasil Foods Company’s International Strategy

Globalization Globalization transforms the world into a single global market for goods and services, erases all types of borders between consumers and producers. All existing companies compete on the international market a priori, in connection with this, a qualitatively new approach is needed to develop a competitive international company strategy...

Workplace and Housing Discrimination in Canada

Introduction States have a responsibility of ensuring equity among its citizens. Equity is a function of respect for human rights. Principles of democracy advocate that people have the rights to make choices of their course of actions. However, this provision does not imply that they should break the democratic rights...

Science Definitions and Dunbar’s Mind Theory

Introduction Science is derived from a Latino word “Scientia”, implying acquisition of knowledge. The word science does not have a universal definition. The new Webster Collegiate Dictionary states that scientific knowledge is acquired through both studies and practice. This includes knowledge obtained through experimentation of events using scientific methods; thus,...

The Hyatt Regency Hotel in Kiev

The Hyatt Regency is a 5 star Hotel situated at the Kiev’s city center. It is adjacent to the most popular historical sites in Ukraine such as Kiev-Pecherska Lavra, Sofiyvskiy Sobor, Statue of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, and the ministry of foreign affairs. Hyatt Regency Kiev is within walking distance of Saint...

Human Resources Director Selection

Introduction Three candidates were referred for the Human Resources Director post. However, the best finalist for the job was Shawanda Jackson. Ms. Jackson was chosen as the qualifier using a well-planned strategy. The other two candidates, Mr. Sam Fein and Ms. Lola Vega were similarly remarkable, but they would not...

Christian Personal Skills and Knowledge

Introduction The analysis of personal skills and knowledge is an important tool that is frequently used by several leaders. Various leadership audits help to focus on certain qualities and clarify if a person can properly develop them. In this project, the attention will be paid to seven different leadership audits...

Invisible Wounds of Stigmatized Individuals

Stigma affects several many people around the world and results in great suffering among them. Several causes of stigma include abuse, sexual assault, violence, and discrimination. The effect of stigma is detrimental and varies from a loss of self-worth, trauma, stress, and mental illness that affect personal life as well...

Homophobia Presence in Nowadays

Introduction Homophobia refers to an acute fear of homosexuals. It can also be used to refer to discrimination on people of the same sex. It is not only the fear of these two groups of persons’ that is referred to homophobia but the discrimination of such groups of people is...

Competition and Power for an Intelligence Function

Introduction An intelligence function may be defined as a military or government component designed to analyse information concerning the activities, strengths and capabilities of international actors that may be a country’s opponents. Alternatively, it can be understood as the process of secretly engaging in the economic or political affairs of...

Free Essays by Words

Free 2500 Words Essay Examples

A paper of 2500 words is a typical assignment in high school and college. A 2500-word essay can be focused on a wide range of topics, such as the effects of social media on one’s mental health, the relationship between crime rates and race in the US, etc.

As a rule, you will need to conduct research to write a 2500 words essay. The keys to success are: a well-formulated thesis, a good structure, and an extensive list of reliable sources used. Check free 2500-word essay examples on this page to get inspired!

Reducing Wage Disparity: Strategies for Gender and Ethnic Pay Gap

Introduction Over the years, there has been inequality rooted in the labour markets whereby both males and females provide services; however, during payment, men are considered and receive high wages than women. Similarly, in the same case of a rise in ethnic minorities, individuals from marginalized groups do not obtain...

Supporting Domestic Violence Victims

Introduction Domestic violence occurs when a member of the victim’s household commits an act of violence towards them. Potential accomplices may include current and former spouses, direct family members, extended family members, and close family friends. Thus, when there is a close relationship between the perpetrator and the victim, the...

Big Data Analytics Technologies

Introduction Organizations have been pushed to adapt to remain relevant in today’s highly competitive marketplace due to the development of information technology, increased customer expectations, economic globalization, and other modern competitive priorities. Therefore, competition between businesses now occurs between companies and their supply chains rather than just between firms. In...

A Critique of “Sustainable Fashion”

Introduction The impact of manufacturing on the environment is the subject of countless papers and reports. Among them are such large parts of the economy as energy, transportation, and agriculture. However, none of them are as connected to the current trends in people’s consumption as the fashion industry. Clothing manufacturing...

2500-Word Essay FAQ

A 2500 words essay would typically be about 10 pages long, assuming it is double-spaced and written with a standard font (Arial or Times New Roman) in 12-point size. If the text is single-spaced, it will be twice shorter. Other factors that influence the 2500-word essay length are formatting and paragraph structure.

How many paragraphs are there in a 2500 words essay? A paper of such a length would contain 25 to 26 paragraphs. This works for an academic writing assignment because a typical paragraph there is about 100 words long.

It usually takes 50 minutes to an hour and a half to type a text of this length on your keyboard at an average speed. However, if you are assigned a 2500 words essay, it is going to take much more time, as you will need to conduct research, study the sources, and plan your paper. Writing a solid essay of 2500 words will take about 8 hours 20 minutes.

At a rough estimate, 2500 words would take up about 250 to 255 lines. However, the exact number of lines in your 2500-word essay depends on a number of factors such as the spacing, the font size, and the margins.

Population Growth and Its Future Effects

The human population has been rapidly growing in the past two centuries. According to data, the human population has significantly increased from 1 billion in 1800 to nearly eight billion in 2020. This is a growth rate of about 84 billion people annually at a rate of 1.1% (UN, 2020)....

Intimate Partner Violence in the United States

Introduction Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a severe social and public health issue in the United States and worldwide. IPV constitutes various violent, abusive, or predatory behaviors committed against a partner in a romantic relationship (Caetano et al., 2019). It can impact different populations, regardless of gender, race and ethnicity,...

Edgar Allan Poe’s Literary Elements and Techniques

Edgar Allan Poe is considered one of the most innovative authors of the early 19th century, generally known for his vivid imagery and thrilling imagination, beyond the norms of individuals living during his time. Although Poe is remembered for stories like The Fall of the House of Usher and The...

Human Trafficking in Australia

Introduction Human traffickings, like practices resembling slavery or slavery itself, revolves around human rights issues that deal with complicated crimes, forced marriages and labor, and servitude. Throughout the world, human trafficking takes place as children, women, and even men are exploited for several reasons, among them organ harvesting, forced marriages,...

Social Media: The Content Regulation

Introduction The Cambridge Analytica scandal captivated the interests and resentment of the global media, consumers, legislators, and authorities in 2018. It indicated that individuals are concerned about invasions of privacy and corporate abuses of power. The controversy is one among many showing that social media privacy consistently concerns people’s dignity,...

Immigration and Homeland Security in the US

Abstract The contradictory provisions of organizations striving to establish national security in the United States of America and the needs for attracting highly qualified immigrants serve as the essence of the ongoing debate. It is established that these requirements are readjusted following laws and specific executive orders. The former is...

The Middle Childhood Development

Introduction Middle childhood is characterized by a steady growth process across all four dimensions: cognitive, physical, social, and emotional. The growth across the physical and motor areas is a continuation of the previous development stage. However, cognitive growth experiences greater advances, an observation also made in the emotional and social...

Organizational Identification in Social Theories

Introduction Organizational identification (OI) is a recognition of an individual’s belonging to a particular group unified by a single purpose — to advance the business and align the daily work with the organization’s strategy and vision. OI is a multidimensional concept based on several social and psychological theories that explain...

Accident Prevention and Safety Recommendations Units in Aviation

Introduction The aviation industry is one of the fastest-growing, and the increase in technological advances is the main reason for that. Safety is the main concern in general aviation and comprises of many numerous aspects and elements. Boyd (2017) defines general aviation as all the operations and aspects of civil...

Hurricane Katrina: The Powerful Natural Disaster

Introduction Hurricane Katrina became a powerful natural disaster that claimed many lives and a national tragedy. Both the devastating hurricane itself and the lack of preparation by local and regional authorities led to significant losses among the population. A natural disaster destroyed many buildings and flooded New Orleans to restore...

The Use of Technology in Distance Learning

Introduction The shift from traditional teaching methodologies to online learning requires integrating distance learning technologies that deliver teaching materials and learning to students enrolled in such programs. In this case, course content and educational materials are delivered through web-based applications over the internet, offering greater flexibility and convenience. However, the...

Impact of Campaigns on the World

Introduction The 20th century was a period of intense campaigns for social change as there was general enlightenment of the masses across the globe. Campaigns that advocated for social change during this period were vital in ensuring the progress witnessed in the modern world. These movements were crucial in granting...

The Value of Using Social Media to Form Ties with Students

Abstract The research proposal entails different sections that help justify that social media has great value when it comes to helping to form ties with students in another campus class in a technical communication class. The paper contains an introduction that gives the reasons why the research was done. The...

Preventing Identity Theft Among Adolescents

Introduction Social media has undoubtedly entered the public consciousness in more ways than one. In 2021, there are none but a few groups limited to older people, those without Internet access, or individuals deliberately rejecting digitization who do not use Facebook, Instagram, or Snapchat. Social applications such as the ones...

Robert Frost: Work, Scholarly Criticism, and Biographical Information

Introduction During the early twentieth century, Robert Frost was discouraged from pursuing the life of letters. Thus, Frost turned their attention to raising chickens, selling eggs, and crafting local color-piece journals like Farm-poultry and The Eastern Poultryman (Rashid et al.). This proved to be a tragic time for the family...

The Chunnel Tunnel: Engineering Project

Introduction One of the marvels of modern engineering is the 50.5 km long undersea rail tunnel commonly referred to as the “Chunnel tunnel” linking northern France and the United Kingdom. The American society of civil engineers (ASCI) identifies the channel as one of the seven wonders of the modern world....

Testing Software and Web Application Performance Tool

Introduction The given literature review will primarily focus on the topic of Web Application Performance Tool (WAPT), which is utilized in order to test web-based interfaces and related applications. Aside from general background, this literature review contains sections of load testing and stress testing comparisons and the section discussing gaps...

Knowledge Management Tools in the 21st Century

Introduction Many scholars acknowledge that the knowledge management field is an emerging field that has not developed to its full potential. Nonaka &Takeuchi (1995) says that knowledge management is the creation, dissemination, use of knowledge through processes that have been put in place by stakeholders in the field (p. 67)....

Nuclear Power Plant

Abstract At the present nearly 20% of Kuwait’s entire oil production goes immediately towards supplying its various power plants into order to meet the energy requirements of its populace. The inherent problem with this lies with the fact that the oil reserves in Kuwait are a finite resource and eventually...

Impact of New Technologies on Oil Production

Introduction The oil and gas industry is one of the most important and crucial industries in the world. Because of the availability and affordable cost of production in mining of this resource, oil and gas has been the primary source of energy globally for many decades now (Fenwick, 2011). The...

Aspects of American Revolution

The causes and events leading up to the American Revolution are integral to understanding the revolution as a whole, including how it happened, why it happened, and why events developed as they did during the process itself. Many of the most important events took place between the development of the...

Common Law and Civil Law: Cases Discussion

In each and every court case, a different type of law is applied depending on the country, type and class of court, facts of the case among other reasons. Among the many types of laws applied are common and civil laws. This paper explains the two types of laws discussing...

The US Department of Homeland Security

Introduction Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has two cardinal roles of ensuring security of the people of United States from external aggression of terrorists and other enemies who perceive America as their adversaries. The other role of DHS is disaster management and ensuring rapid response to natural disasters like earthquakes,...

Ethical Issues of Animal Research in Cosmetic Firm

Introduction The cosmetic industry is a complicated area with a list of unique, controversial ethical issues involved. Such businesses need to balance between the usage of potentially harmful chemicals and the production of safe and environmentally friendly goods and services. Substances used during manufacturing and innovative research represent a threat...

Poverty and Sex Trafficking: Qualitative Systematic Review

Introduction Sex trafficking (ST) has posed significant public health challenges to individuals across the globe. ST victims often witness an amplified risk of health-related problems, including harm emanating from rapes. For the ST offenders, the outcome of detention and sentence often leads to societal and economic costs resulting from imprisonment...

The US Foreign Policy: Obama and Trump Administrations Comparison

Introduction The Obama and the Trump administrations dealt with various issues of foreign policy in strikingly different ways such that the two administrations form good examples for comparison of presidential foreign policy legacy. This analysis will demonstrate that although both presidents pursued the interests of the US, their approaches to...

Researching of Big Data and Privacy

Introduction Information has become such a significant commodity that owning and managing it is now analogous to power. In the digital age, information remains the point that connects people from all over the world in such a way as to ensure virtually seamless interaction in real-time. At the same time,...

Significance of Business Research in Facilitating Business Success

Introduction The concept of business research is very dynamic and congruent in any business environment. The aspect of business research involves strategic inquiry into a phenomenon in order to establish the reality or evidence that might have catalyzed the situation. In the contemporary business environment, the aspect of business research...

Differences Between Classical Realism and Neo-Realism

Realism bears its history from the works of Thucydides who gave an account of Peloponnesian war that took place about 2500 years ago. Realism gives some explanation on human behavior as a result of the absence of universal government. Realism explains international relations as a component of state’s power and...

Legitimacy of Online Learning Institutions

Introduction/Thesis Statement With increased technological advances, economic tantrums, fast changing lifestyles, the geographic spread and the increased need for employers to improve the competencies and academic qualifications, the demand for online education programs has become popular over the last two decades (Adams, DeFleur & Heald, 2007; Hartman, 2007). The institutions...

Violence Against Civilians in Civil Wars: Causes and Effects

Introduction Human history knows few wars that have resulted in no casualties – and most of these were wars in name only. Most conflicts feature casualties that may range from not particularly significant in the grand scheme of things and almost negligible when compared to populations involved to colossal. Yet...

Role of BSN Students in the Promotion of Health

Course Overview: The course aims to introduce BSN students to their role in the promotion of health in the community. This outline will concentrate mainly on learning to think objectively and address healthcare professionals’ roles in the communities. Learners will be exposed to various cultures and health gaps in the...

“The Lottery” and “The Jilting of Granny Weatherall”: Books Analysis

“The Lottery” The topic of human estrangement and irresponsiveness to the others’ suffering is one of the issues attracting both general minds and creative genius. What is better, a steady observance of ancient traditions and norms, or a flexible attitude to standards, depending on the level of their humanity or...

Education in Africa

Abstract Education is crucial in improving communities and society in general. However, not every individual gets the opportunity to go through formal learning process due to various reasons. The problem with the quality of education in Africa is the fact that it houses developing countries. Consequently, challenges such as poverty,...

The Eye of Avant-Garde and Avant-Garde Fashion

Although the term Avant Garde literally means ‘before the troops’, the actual movement it describes gives more of an impression of abandoning the troops, and leaving them far behind, in real life. The Avant Garde as a term to describe art was first used in the early decades of the...

Advantages and Disadvantages of Homeschooling

Introduction Homeschooling in this research is referred to as an educational process involving personalized children, or a child, instruction by the parent or teacher for necessary living skills as well as academic study courses. It includes learning at home or in other places instead of school and is mostly done...

Bilingual Education in the USA

Introduction Bilingual education in the United States refers to a school system where instructions in the classroom are given in two languages: English and any other language. Some of the languages offered include Chinese, French, and Spanish. The United States has a diverse population comprised of people from several ethnic...

Perceived Values of Generation X

Generation X are likely to self-report higher self-transcendence values compared to how generation Y and baby boomers report the same self-transcendence values of Generation X. In addition, Generation X will report higher Self-Enhancement values compared to Generation Y and baby boomers perceptions of Generation X’s self enhancement values. This paper...

Abolishment of Slavery: Ideological Motivations

Introduction Britain at one point was considered the main nation where slave trade was one of the lucrative businesses. The business was conducted across all classes of people irrespective of their status. They considered slavery as one of the means through which they contributed to nation building. This led to...

Business Law: Intellectual Property in the UAE

Introduction The UAE is a member of various global conventions on intellectual property rights including Madrid and PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty). This membership reveals the wide recognition of the purpose and the need for protection of international IP rights of other nations in the global marketplace. In the UAE, registration...

Fitzgerald and His Notion of a Hero in “The Beautiful and Damned”

Introduction F. Scott Fitzgerald, in all his novels, recounts the problems that were inherent in the American dream in the aftermath of the Civil War. The style and depiction of the characters in his fictional stories embody the American experience and identity. He criticises the American dream by depicting the...

The Behaviour of the Young towards Luxury Products

Consumption behavior of youths towards luxury product is influenced by a number of factors. The factors that influence consumption of luxury product among the youths is quite similar to that of the elders. Although the product demanded among the youth and elderly the consumption behavior are similar take for example...

Atomic Power as a Renewable Energy Source

Introduction Nuclear energy is the future of energy and the only sustainable source that will never be limited. The increasing population and depleting energy resources have urged scientists to look for sustainable energy sources. Petroleum, gas, and other sources of energy will be extinct in the coming 100 years or...

Game of Thrones: Cripples, Bastards, and Broken Things

Society tends to shape the way people perceive things and consequently how they react to them. For instance, the act of taking something that belongs to another person without his or her permission is known as stealing and in society’s eyes, it is wrong and by extension illegal. This perception...

Morality of Investigative Reporting and Misrepresentation

In the course of investigative reporting, the journalist can indulge in dubious practices such as faking identity, hiding identity, and undertaking jobs under pretenses. Whether such actions can be considered morally right is a widely debated question. Journalists must seek the truth and report it as completely as possible. As...

Strategic Vision and Planning Importance for Effective Project Management System

Introduction Strategic vision and planning are important elements of any project which determine the project outcomes. The development of effective project management becomes important in the maintenance of human relationships and ensuring the physical well-being of employees so that they give the maximum contri­bution to efficient working. Historically, project success...

The American Criminal Justice System and Violent Crimes

Criminal justice in the United States of America has certainly been through some of its more tumultuous times in recent years. With violent crime on the rise, finger pointers have found a new prey, the media. Through viewing graphic images from the media, some experts have argued, individuals are more...

Researching Sickle-Cell Disease

Abstract Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited genetic disorder that arises from a single nucleotide polymorphism in the beta-globin gene. The resultant change of amino acid in the globin part affects the stability of the protein, which leads to the polymerization of two beta-globin chains of adjacent molecules. The...

Women in History and Different Religions

Women in Early Christianity In ancient Christianity, women played a significant role in the ministry. The pioneer of women’s increase in Christianity was Mary, the mother of Jesus. She was conceived as a virgin by the Holy Spirit and eventually gave birth to The Messiah. She was betrothed to Joseph,...

9/11 and Change in the Dynamics of Immigration

Introduction In recent history, September 11, 2001, is memorable because of the terrorist attack on American land. The incident was coordinated and executed by the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization. Four passenger jetliners were hijacked and crashed in different U.S. locations, which resulted in many deaths. The major attack took place in...

“The Effects of Foreign Language Anxiety on EFL Learners” by Rassaei

Research in language learning and acquisition is a significant part of applied linguistics. Foreign language anxiety is among the most popular subjects of study in this field since it affects language learners’ attitudes and progress. A study by Rassaei (2015) focused on the impact of oral corrective feedback on L2...

Domestic Violence and Elderly Abuse

Introduction The problem of domestic and elderly abuse remains one of the most urgent in the modern world. This is explained by the globally increased cruelty. Fear is one of the main factors which allows people to commit domestic crimes. There are several types of domestic violence and elderly abuse,...

Emotional and Cognitive Basis of Anxiety in Autism

Symptoms of anxiety commonly co-occur in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) adding extra burden to people already suffering from this condition. According to Bejerot, Eriksson, and Mörtberg (2014), close to 50 percent of people diagnosed with ASD have reported significant levels of anxiety, which affects their day-to-day functioning. Even in cases...

The Involvement of Victims in Criminal Law Process between Islamic Law and International Law

Abstract This proposal is going to explore the involvement of victims in criminal law. Under this discussion the analysis will be centered on the law process between international law and Islamic law. An in-depth analysis of this report has been widely explored under the following paragraphs. This is done with...

Canned Spam Act – Impact on Consumers

Introduction The use of e-mail services has greatly revolutionized the society in numerous areas. In the process, this usage has created its share of new difficulties, such as the influx of spam. According to Arora (2006), spam may be defined as unsolicited email, often of a commercial nature, sent indiscriminately...

Social Theories Related to Community Trauma and Gang Violence

When analyzing the reasons why adolescents from poor communities who have experienced trauma engage in gang violence, it is crucial to look at the problem through the lens of social theories. There is a variety of frameworks that might be useful to investigate the research question, but some of them...

The Efficiency of Repeated Reading in Education

Introduction Achieving grade-specific reading comprehension and fluency is among the essential skills that schoolchildren learn, although many experience difficulties with the task, either because of a disorder, a disability, or because they need more time and practice to master reading. Repeated reading (RR) is a method that can be used...

Burnout in Special Education Teachers

Background and Introduction Being the largest state in the Middle East, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is proud of its fast social and economic development and growth. At the same time, there are still some aspects in which the state does not succeed. Unfortunately, special education and support services for...

Effect of Deregulation on the US Airline Industry

Abstract Airline deregulation in the United States was established to correct the market defects caused by the government’s direct control over the aviation industry. Original practices in the industry were eliminated paving way for lower fares charged by carriers. The barriers to the market were broken creating a free entry...

Fashion Trend Forecasting in Kazakhstan

The research purpose Probably, the Kazakhstan designers follow fashionable tendencies or they have their own source of inspiration. To determine where they get their inspirations to design and forecast trends, the study will perform the following tasks: Analyzing the main definitions of fashion and fashionable tendencies To reveal the nature...

The International Commercial Arbitration: Its Advantages and Disadvantages

Introduction According to some scholarly writings, international commercial arbitration has become a preferred means of settling international commercial disputes. In this regard, these scholarly works suggest that international commercial arbitration has several advantages over the domestic court systems. This paper shall explore whether or not international commercial arbitration has become...

Intellectual Property Law Analysis

Introduction According to Shippey (2009, p.1) an Intellectual Property (IP) refers to a product of the mind. Intellectual properties are unique in that they are a product of creativity and inventiveness. They can either be represented by images, artistic works, images inventions, names, symbols, and designs that are used in...

Crime Prevention Through Social Development

The most common method used to deter crime is the combined efforts of law enforcement agencies and the judiciary. In an ideal situation, these two forces create a deterrent that reduces the number of criminals in the streets and at the same time, creates fear in the hearts and minds...

Importance of Improving Digital Divide Between All Countries of Different Socio-Economic Climates

Introduction Digital divide is a concept used to describe the disparity between individuals, families, businesses, and geographic regions at poles apart socio-economic levels. This is with reference to their prospects in accessing information and communication technologies (ICT’s), as well as their utility of the internet for an extensive variety of...

Polygamy in the Muslim Culture Context

Introduction The polygamy issue appears weird in the Christian communities and the reaction is always violent. Normally, polygamy is treated with horror and unanimous revulsion in Christian communities. Polygamy is the practice whereby a man marries many wives at the same time (Mensch, 2003). In principle, there exist three polygamy...

Research Methods in IAQ Overview

Research methods Survey methods are used when one plans on collecting descriptive information. They may be structured, unstructured, direct, or indirect. Researchers can use the survey method, through questionnaires and interviews, to collect data about various variables. One then uses analytical techniques to make inferences between the variables (McBurney &...

Global Warming at Australia: Environmental Health

Introduction The environment is very delicate and needs protection if it is expected to help sustain humanity. Global warming is an issue that has raised a lot of concern globally. The developed countries, especially China and the United States, have been identified to be the leading countries where greenhouse gases...

Car Manufacturing and Business Ethics in Japan

Introduction The concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) may be adopted in different places because of different reasons. It emerged in the European nations towards the end of the 1990s. Its main objective was to resolve social problems such as unemployment, especially amongst young people in a bid to enhance...

Laws That Govern Corporate Governance in Australia

The underlying structure of relationships and operations that compel directors to operate accordingly is called corporate governance. Corporate governance includes the mechanism, processes, structure, rights and responsibilities of the investors, directions, regulator and stakeholder. The features of corporate governance include fair treatment among investors and stakeholders, responsibilities of chief executives,...

Vicious Circle of Poverty in Brazil

Introduction The prevalence of poverty in many areas of the developing world has transformed little in the past years. About 70 percent of the rural populations of Asia, Africa, and Latin America live in poverty (Dunand, 1992). According to Katel, Kregel, and Reinert (2009, p. 102), the vicious circle of...

History of Fourth Amendment

Introduction What makes the United States criminal justice system to be effective? The United States criminal justice system is termed as one of the most advanced criminal justice systems in the world because of the nature of criminal justice legislation. The Fourth Amendment is one of the legislations that seek...

Teacher Turnover: The Role of Leadership

Introduction The previous question of the role of leadership in influencing teacher turnover presented a large scholarly body of knowledge on leadership theories or styles that are likely to produce positive results concerning turnover management. However, only the contingency, transactional, and transformational leadership theories were discussed. It concluded that their...

Security of the SCADA System

Introduction The advent of new technologies that support enhanced communication has greatly influenced the manner in which sharing of information occurs within modern industries. In modern industrial practices, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system has been an imperative program in data acquisition and control because it supports system operations....

Ethanol as the Primary Biofuel in Many Countries

Introduction The modern world relies on huge amounts of energy to sustain itself. For decades, the energy demands of the world have been met primarily by fossil fuels. However, this major energy source will not be able to meet the energy demands of the world for an indefinite period of...

Role of Mobile Commerce

Introduction Since the invention of mobile phones, man’s life has tremendously changed. This change has been evidenced through several ways, with the most common change being personal relationships (Gs1 1). However, overall, mobile phones have enabled people to have more freedom to do whatever they please and at whatever time...

Evolution of Dogs

Background The dog (Canis familiaris) is a tame form of the Gray Wolf from which it evolved tens of thousands of years ago. The Gray Wolf is a part of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. It is generally accepted that the dog is man’s oldest friend, a friendship...

New and Innovative Construction Materials and Methods

The construction industry uses more natural resources than any other industry world over. However, continuous use of natural resources results in environmental degradation. Currently, there are measures in all industries meant to control the usage of such resources in order to enhance environmental sustainability. Just like other industries, the construction...

The Future of the Juvenile Justice System

Introduction This report is a presentation made by JRA & Consultants regarding the future of the Juvenile Justice System. A juvenile can be defined as a person who is below a specific age and commits criminal offenses. In some states, a juvenile is a person who is below 16 years...

Computer and Network Architecture

Summary This paper takes us through computer systems architecture and the constituent components that make up a computer. It introduces us to the functions of the hardware parts of a computer and how each part of a computer system work. Ideally, computer architecture constitutes hardware that acts as a platform...

Cell Phone and Its Impact From Personal Experience

The cell phone is one of the most recent developments in the technology sector. It is an electronic device that was mainly used for communication between people; however, from the advancement in technology many other purposes including entertainment, security, and commerce use have been developed. The reason I chose the...

Australian Employment Relations

Introduction The history of labor relations in Australia is very complex. Since the early 1990s, there have been numerous legislations that have impacted differently on labor relations in this country. The work choices reforms act was the dominant legislation in the industrial relations field in 2005 when the Howard government...

The Technology Behind Bing Maps

Bing Maps was developed by Microsoft in response to the business threat posed by Google who also offer Google Earth Pro, for the visualization and mapping of much of the world using satellite imaging from low- and medium-Earth orbit satellites. The main competitor to Google Earth is Bing Maps which was...

Industrial Relations Laws in United Kingdom

Introduction The industrial relation system in United Kingdom has been portrayed by intentional associations among the social partners, without or with less state involvement or interference. In19th century when the country was still under the process of industrialization and political culture which was liberal enabled trade unions to combine their...

Female Serial Killer: Aileen Wuornos

Introduction For many years serial killers have been there, killing many unsuspecting victims. Despite serial killers being there for quite a long time, a distinctive definition of serial killing is relatively new. Many of the known serial killers are men. Serial killings are some of the controversial crimes in criminology....

The Evolution of Insect Wings in Relation to Environmental Changes

Introduction The question of insect wings evolution has always been controversial in the field of evolution. It is interesting especially since fossil evidence for winged insects remain full of missing links. The evolution of wings in different species of insects is based on their biological ancestry and adaptation to the...

Ocean Wave Energy Technologies

Energy It is quite hard to understand or to define exactly what energy is. However, it is scientifically agreed that energy is the power manifested in changing things from one form or state to another, or the ability to perform or do work. For instance, to walk from a lecture...

The Holy Spirit: Activating God’s Power in Your Life by Graham

Book Review Many Christians are confused and uninformed about the Holy Spirit, despite the availability of many works of literature addressing this subject. The implication is, people, do not know the role and essence that He plays in the redemption of humankind. The bible indicates that when Jesus was about...

The Role of IT in the Business Process

Introduction A business process can be defined as a set of activities that are implemented to ensure the provision of a product or service for an organization’s customers. Organizations implement a number of processes in order to ensure that their business is run successfully, however, there is always a need...

Child Poverty in Canada Problem Analysis

Introduction to child poverty in Canada Many people have made the mistake of assuming that only people living in third-world developing countries face the challenge of child poverty. However, sadly, in reality, it is not so. Canada, which promises equality to its entire population, has been facing the problem of...

Systems Acquisition and Implementation Management

Introduction To determine the directional influence of particular information systems on organizational decision-making, it is necessary to look at associated cost-reduction effects. Organizations like THM Corporation can employ new information systems to allow the cost-reduction effect to work in the direction of either centralization or decentralization. For example, the implementation...

Domestic Traveller’s Planning Tool in New Zealand

Introduction This dissertation defines a market-driven interactive portal that fulfils multiple interrelated objectives. The first, over-arching goal is to allow ‘Kiwi Airline’ to penetrate the domestic air travel market in New Zealand. One viable strategy in pursuit of this goal requires gaining presence in media that reach all relevant target...

The Colonial Legacy of the Offenses Against the Person Act in Jamaica

Introduction Colonial legacy has left significant marks on societies of numerous nations. One of the most prevalent colonial laws was the Offences Against the Person Act of 1861 passed by the United Kingdom Parliament and adopted by British colonies around the world in the following years. This paper will examine...

Women’s Rights Movements During the Reconstruction Period

Introduction The end of the Civil War became a turning point in America’s history since it contributed to the advancement of the civil rights of those who had been discriminated against. The new amendments to the U.S. Constitution abolished slavery and provided men with the right to vote regardless of...

Anaplasma Phagocytophilum and Tick Genes Analysis

Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the contributing agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis and tick-borne fever, is the recently renamed obligate intracellular bacterium following the restructuring of the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae in the order Rickettsiaceae. It causes disease in humans, horses, dogs, and ruminants. This name was given replacing three species of granulocytic...

My Ability to Convey Verbal Messages: Personal Experiences

Introduction Verbal messages are messages that are transmitted orally from one party to another. Oral simply means by word of mouth. As part of the overall course objectives, I decided to make deliberate attempts to uplift my ability to convey my verbal message after having realized that I had a...

Why Juveniles Should be Waived to Adult Courts

Introduction Human civilization has from ancient times acknowledged the fact that children are the future of the present civilization. Our modern era also believes in these ideals and this being the case, our society has always strived to ensure that children and the youth are given the best opportunity to...

The Effect of Divorce on Children

Introduction The process of separation between couples is often characterized by pain and anger often expressed against each other. In extreme cases, violence may erupt leading to physical and mental frustration including body harm. In such instances the most forgotten people are the children who are often used as pawns...

Agile Project Management

Abstract The business environment in which organizations operate today is always changing, and it is becoming more and more complex. Organizations, both private and public, feel increasing pressures that force them to respond quickly to changing conditions and to be innovative in the way that they operate. Ever since the...

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2500 Word Essay Examples

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Writing a 2500-word essay can be daunting, especially for those new to this type of assignment. The word count of 2500 words is typically found in research papers, reports, or term papers, and it usually translates to around 9 double-spaced pages or 4.5 single-spaced pages. Careful organization and time management are crucial to complete such a lengthy essay. It is essential to allocate enough time for research, planning, writing, editing, and proofreading to ensure your essay is well-worded and compelling.

In this article, we will delve into the format and structure of a 2500-word essay. Additionally, we will provide you with practical examples to help streamline and expedite your writing process. If you need further inspiration, you can always peruse our collection of free essays online for students.

Before delving into the specifics of a 2500-word essay, it is essential to understand the purpose and requirements of such an assignment. Typically, a 2500-word essay is assigned to assess a student’s ability to conduct research, analyze information, and present a coherent argument or thesis. It is an opportunity for students to showcase their critical thinking skills and demonstrate their understanding of the subject matter.

To begin your essay, conducting thorough research on your chosen topic is crucial. This will provide the necessary background knowledge and evidence to support your arguments. Utilize various reputable sources, such as academic journals, books, and credible websites, to gather information and data. Take detailed notes during your research process, ensuring that you record the source of each piece of information for proper citation later on.

Once you have gathered sufficient research material, it is time to create an outline for your essay. An outline serves as a roadmap for your writing, helping you organize your thoughts and ensure a logical flow of ideas. Start by identifying the main points or arguments that you want to make in your essay. These will serve as the basis for your body paragraphs. Arrange these main points logically, ensuring that each one supports your overall thesis or argument.

With your outline in place, you can now begin writing your essay. Start with an engaging introduction that provides background information on your topic and clearly states your thesis or argument. The introduction should grab the reader’s attention and set the tone for the rest of the essay.

Next, move on to the body paragraphs, where you will present and support your main points or arguments. Each body paragraph should focus on a single central point and provide evidence or examples to support it. Use clear and concise language, and ensure that each paragraph flows smoothly into the next. Remember to use proper citations for any information or quotes that you include from your research.

As you approach the conclusion of your essay, summarize your main points and restate your thesis or argument. Avoid introducing new information in the conclusion; instead, focus on reinforcing your main ideas and leaving a lasting impression on the reader. End your essay with a thought-provoking statement or a call to action, encouraging further exploration or discussion.

Once you have completed the initial draft of your essay, it is crucial to allocate sufficient time for editing and proofreading. Carefully review your essay for clarity, coherence, and grammatical errors. Check for proper citation and ensure your writing follows the required formatting styles, such as APA, MLA, or Chicago. Consider seeking feedback from a peer or instructor to gain valuable insights and suggestions for improvement.

To further assist you in your writing process, here are a few practical examples of 2500-word essays:

1. The Impact of Climate Change on Global Food Security: This essay explores the effects of climate change on agricultural production and its implications for global food security. It examines the challenges farmers face, technology’s role in mitigating these challenges, and potential solutions for ensuring food security in a changing climate.

2. The Role of Social Media in Political Movements: This essay analyzes the influence of social media platforms on political movements and activism. It examines case studies of successful social media campaigns, the power dynamics between governments and citizens, and the potential risks and benefits of online activism.

3. The Ethics of Genetic Engineering: This essay delves into the ethical considerations surrounding genetic engineering and its applications in various fields, such as medicine, agriculture, and conservation. It explores the potential benefits and risks of genetic engineering, the role of regulation and oversight, and the implications for society and the environment.

In conclusion, writing a 2500-word essay requires careful organization, time management, and thorough research. Following a structured approach and utilizing practical examples can streamline your writing process and create a compelling and well-worded essay. Remember to allocate sufficient time for editing and proofreading to ensure the final product is polished and error-free.

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2500 Word Essay Examples

“gender inequality: a greek life and legal implications study”.

Abstract Attending college is supposed to be a time of newfound freedom. This freedom gives incoming students the opportunity to define who they are as a person, and often times the organizations students first join play a vital role in shaping who they are for years to come. When graduates reflect on their college years many say their best memories come from the organizations they joined. At Texas Christian University over half of the student population are in different Greek […]

10 Essential Skills Needed to be a Charming Person 

Being drawn to people is an art. Getting closer with people of the right attitude is even better. There is no better relationship than one with a polite, agreeable, trustworthy, and kind individual. Simply say, a charming person. These are the kind of persons that you would really want to build a personal and working relationship with. So, have you wondered why some people are more charming than the others? Let’s discover them together. First, I will list them out, […]

3D Printing Yesterday Today and Tomorrow

There are a few 3D printing key terms that need to be mentioned prior to going into full detail of the subject. These terms and/or abbreviations may be mentioned throughout this project. (ABS) Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene- ABS is a thermoplastic that is the material that some 3D printers use when modeling 3D printers. On a side note some do not like using it because it gives off a foul odor from the burning of the plastic filament. Filament- Filament is […]

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A Comparitive Study of LTE Based M M Communication Technologies for Internet of Things

Abstract With the technological advancement at its peak, the world has seen as massive increase in the number applications in the field of Internet of Things. With a rapid increase in the number of connected devices, there comes a big need for new communication protocols that are lightweight and efficient in terms of power consumption, speed and coverage. M2M communication protocols devised by 3GPP aims to achieve the same with the introduction of NB-IoT and eMTC in their release 13. […]

A Deeper Look into the Victorian Era

"Poverty, disease, and exposure to unsanitary working conditions were huge problems during the Victorian era. The industrial revolution was a major factor of these problems. It also caused the social classes to divide based on their wealth and social lives. Elizabeth Barrett Browning was important figure during these times because she recognized these horrible conditions and brought attention to them through Victorian literature. Browning studied government and knew that they needed to take action against these problems, yet they were […]

A Diagram of a National Workshop

This report gives a diagram of a national workshop that included general wellbeing authorities, analysts, therapists, clinicians, and individuals from the news media. The workshop was gathered so as to examine proposals and address worries about how the media should approach or report a suicide (or self-destructive conduct) so as to abstain from making an infection impact. Disease is where presentation to self-destructive conduct of one or More people impacts others to participate in self-destructive practices. The creators give proof […]

A Major Mystery: Unraveling the Mysteries of the Past

The Devil’s Footprint was a major mystery back in the 1800s. The mystery started in England and traveled to America later on. The first sighting of this “creature”was in South and East Devon (England). There were hoof marks found all over the snowy ground.They were found in thirty different places all over Devon. In The Times article, it states, “The Times said the marks were found over a distance of 40 miles on both sides of the Exe, as if […]

A New Historicist Reading of Religion and Slavery in Uncle Tom’s Cabin      

Abstract This essay will explore the life of slave masters and quakers under a new historicist approach and how slavery shaped the entire United States. This paper focuses on quakers and slave masters. The Quakers  noted the hypocrisy from the southern "Bible Belt masters and despite hardships, were able to show God's love to African Americans on their journey to freedom and even a slave hunter. The Quakers were unbiased and genuinely wanted the best for all parties which meant […]

A Rhyme and a Reason for Affirmative Action

The only thing more detrimental to a nation-state than an uninformed citizen is a citizen that is equipped with misinformation. In the past decades that have passed since the Civil Rights era of the 1960s, American society has viewed a plethora of federal government actions that have dealt with the constitutionality of favorable and race-conscious decisions; however, none more important or controversial than that of the federal government approval and enforcement of affirmative action. In short, affirmative action is the […]

Abortion is a Choice

Abortion is a choice, but that doesn’t mean that it’s the right one. In October of 1997 a woman was told by a hospital physician that she needed to have an abortion because her son had Choroid Plexus Cysts caused by a defect in his 18th paired chromosome. They told her he wouldn’t be normal, and that if she carried him to term; he would have severe disabilities. The doctors told her that her son would be incapable of doing anything […]

About Motifs in Victorian Literature

The two main motifs that occur in Victorian literature are "shadows of the past" and "demon lover". The term "shadows of the past" often refers to a vampire who possesses outdated values that are oppressive to society. Such a vampire is usually depicted as being old, yet preying on the young. This vampire may also be symbolic of an aristocratic exploiter. The phrase "demon lover" typically suggests a vampire embodying passions that are morally unacceptable. This vampire tends to be […]

About Role of Women in Congress

Gender equality is an aspect of life, that is still being fought for in the workplace, education, and the media. Equality is the state of receiving the equal amounts of life qualities between men and women. Some examples of life qualities are wages, voting, human rights and more.Men are almost always to most often, likely to be put into leadership or significant positions in the labor field. Congress is a perfect example. Up to the 65th congress, approximately 7,00 representatives […]

About Social Phobia

For most children, social experiences are positive and pleasant, ones which help in building interactive skills and easing individuation and self-sufficiency. However, for other children social experiences might be troublesome, upsetting and even painful. Indeed, some children struggle in social interactions to the point that they cannot get involved in even basic activities such as going to school, sleeping at friend's house, or talking to strangers. These children are thought to have social phobia. Social anxiety disorder, formerly known as […]

Addiction is a Conflict

Addiction is a conflict in and of itself. Many people within our society and worldwide suffer from the affects of drug and alcohol addiction. There are many issues associated with addiction and many times it’s not only the victim that deals with the addiction, but also the people in close association with the individual. There are specific grievances that are caused by addiction that are hard to resolve because of the very personal aspect that addiction can bring to a […]

Addiction Towards Facebook

INTRODUCTION In the year 1979, Usenet was created by Jim Ellis and Tom Truscott from Duke University, a platform which allowed web users from across the world to Post public messages. Information Technology has revolutionized the dimensions of media. It has given birth to a new kind of media called "social media". Social media has more freedom and can reach out a large number of people scattered all over the world. Social media are computer-mediated tools that allow people to […]

Adidas Target Market and Marketing Strategies: Navigating Challenges

Introduction Adidas was founded by a man named AdiDassler on August 16, 1949, in Herzogenaurach, Germany. Dassler was 49 years old at the time he created Adidas. He was determined to make the best quality sports equipment for all athletes. Adidas' first pair of shoes were designed with the signature Adidas three stripes on the side ("History"). It was not until 1954 that Adidas became a household name after the German football team won the World Cup. Dassler and his […]

Adolescents with ADHD

ABSTRACT Adolescents with ADHD engage in more risk-taking behaviour than adolescents without ADHD. Mind-wandering is an underlying process of ADHD and a potential underlying process of risk-taking behaviour in ADHD. The aim of this study was to test if mind-wandering predicted risk-taking behaviour above and beyond ADHD symptoms. 315 adolescents (age: M = 17.2, range = 16 – 22) participated in this study, and filled in a questionnaire about mind-wandering, ADHD symptoms, and risk-taking behaviour. The results show that ADHD […]

Analysis Report – Medellin Columbia

Medellín, Colombia was declared independent in 1810. This nation tried changing its name seven times. According to history, the culture and traditions are very diverse as it is characterized by a society with unique customs, cultural adaptations, and diverse social patterns. There are different groups categorized as those living at coastal, countryside, and interior regions. Despite having regional cultures, they unite when it comes to national events such as elections, beauty pageants, and sporting activities - coming together to show […]

Apple Computer, Inc.

Executive Summary Apple Inc. is a multinational corporation that designs and manufactures consumer electronics, computer software, and personal computers. Apple was founded by two college dropouts Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak in April of 1976. In 1977, Apple was incorporated in Cupertino, California. The company’s products include Macintosh, iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Air Pods, Apple TV, iTunes, and Apple music. Apple Inc. has come a long way from selling personal compute to being used in the day-to-day life. The more […]

Artificial Intelligence is Transforming

At this time the use of Artificial Intelligence became more and more common. If we look around we can notice that we have already surrounded by Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence is transforming the nature of almost everything which is connected to human life e.g. employment, economy, communication, warfare, privacy, security, ethics, healthcare etc. However, we are yet to see its evolution in long-term, whether it's leading humanity towards making this planet a better place to live or a place which […]

Artificial Intelligence: the Intelligent Choice in Medicine

Artificial intelligence, or simulated machine intelligence, is a rapidly growing sector of the medical field. There are numerous uses for robots and AI in healthcare, from reading test results and analyzing scans, to performing simple surgeries and even diagnosing ailments. There are endless possibilities to implement this technology, and the benefits will extend beyond the possible detriments that some professionals and the public are worried about. The introduction and immersion of artificial intelligence into the medical field would impact millions […]

Assessing Drinking and Academic Performance Among College Students

My chosen topic is Assessing Drinking and Academic Performance among a Nationally Representative Sample of College Students. The research was based on assessing whether alcohol consumption was negatively related to grade point average (GPA) among a nationally representative sample of college students. After the research was carried out, there were various results which were obtained and some of this included; revealing that respondents with lower GPAs consumed a greater number of drinks compared with those with higher GPAs. Students with […]

Attitudes and Purchase Intent of Consumer Towards Advertising

Connection between customer mentalities, purchasing goal as well as advertising is a territory in advertising research that has gotten a great deal of consideration for a long time. Because of the way that there’s an association regarding customer attitudes and purchase intention on advertisements, generous consideration are received (Ha, John, Janda & Muthaly, 2011; MacKenzie & Lutz, 1989; Mehta, 2000; Mittal, 1994; O’Donohoe, 1995). Attitudes towards advertising is comprehensively alluded to as "a scholarly inclination to react in a reliably […]

Autism and Assistive Technology for Autistic Children

Autism is a complex neurobehavioral condition that is found in a person from early childhood days where the person faces difficulty in communicating with another person. It is also known as ASD or Autism Spectrum Disorder. It is a spectrum disorder because its effect varies from person to person. This is caused due to some changes that happen during early brain development. It is suggested that it may arise from abnormalities in parts of the brain that interpret sensory input […]

Autism in Japanese Manga and its Significance on Current Progression in J-pop Culture

Abstract In this paper I will explore and examine Autism in Manga, the social and cultural context of Autism in Manga, its movement, and importance of Tobe Keiko’s, “With the Light.” Manga is a huge part of Japanese culture and can be appreciated by so many different people. There are different types of Manga that have been specifically produced for that type of audience. In this paper, I will address the less talked about, women’s Manga or also known as […]

Autism: Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Understanding

The prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder has nearly doubled in recent years, and the numbers are staggering: nearly 1 in every 59 children are diagnosed with autism in the United States alone. Yet, there are so many questions surrounding the complexity and increase in diagnoses of this condition that affects so many in such diverse ways. (Autism Speaks) How autism originates in the first place and its impact on communication, both verbal and nonverbal, are questions that need to be […]

Back to the Renaissance

Where would we be today as a society without the humanistic approach brought by the Renaissance? It's a fearsome thing to ponder, but also a very relevant inquiry. We could very well still be enduring the Middle Ages, making very few intellectual and societal advances while mostly relying on the Church for everything we desire to know. Instead, we are where we are now because of the gradual advancements in the ways people were able to more freely use their […]

Barack Obama: his Life and Career

BARACK OBAMA Barack Obama was born in August 4, 1961,in Honolulu, Hawaii and later became the first African American president. Barack Obama was the 44th president of the United States, and the first African American to serve as the president of the United States of America. First elected to the presidency in 2008, He served two terms as the 44 President of the United States. Early Life. His mother, Ann Dunham, was born in Army base in Wichita, Kansas, during […]

Biggest Problem in the United States of America is Illegal Immigrants

One of the biggest problems that is being discussed in the United States of America is illegal immigrants. An illegal immigrant is someone who lives or works in another country when they do not have the legal right to do so, this is according to the Cambridge dictionary. Now you made wonder why someone would just want to get up and leave their country to just work and live? Or why is this such a big issue in the United […]

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Home — Free Essays — 2500 Words — 2500

2500-Word Essay Examples

A 2500-word essay allows for a more in-depth exploration of a topic, providing ample space for thorough research, analysis, and discussion. Some potential 2500-word essay topics could include an examination of the impact of technology on society, an analysis of the effectiveness of government policies in addressing climate change, a comparison of different theories of economics, or a study of the portrayal of gender in literature. These topics require a significant amount of research and critical thinking to develop a well-rounded argument and draw meaningful conclusions. Writing a 2500-word essay provides an opportunity to delve into a complex topic and showcase a deeper understanding of the subject matter.

Brief Description of 400-Word Essay Topics

A 400-word essay is a concise piece of writing that allows for a focused exploration of a specific topic. While shorter in length than a 2500-word essay, a 400-word essay still requires careful planning and organization to effectively convey key ideas and arguments. Some potential 400-word essay topics could include an analysis of the impact of social media on interpersonal relationships, a discussion of the benefits and drawbacks of online education, a comparison of different styles of leadership, or an examination of the role of technology in modern healthcare.

When writing a 400-word essay, it is important to select a topic that can be adequately covered within the limited word count. This requires a clear thesis statement that outlines the main argument of the essay, as well as a structured approach to presenting evidence and analysis to support that argument. A 400-word essay should be concise and to the point, focusing on key ideas and avoiding unnecessary details or tangents.

Given the limited length of a 400-word essay, it is important to prioritize information that is most relevant to the topic at hand. This may require careful selection of sources and evidence to support the main argument, as well as thoughtful analysis to draw meaningful conclusions. Writing a 400-word essay is an exercise in brevity and clarity, requiring writers to effectively communicate their ideas in a concise and impactful manner.

Popular Essay Topics in 2500-Word

Below is a list of 20 popular essay topics that can be explored in a 2500-word essay:

• The impact of climate change on global weather patterns
• Strategies for mitigating climate change effects
• The ethical implications of AI in society
• The future of AI technology and its impact on jobs
• The stigma surrounding mental health disorders
• Effective treatments for mental health conditions
• The influence of social media on society
• The role of social media in shaping political opinions
• The benefits of online learning
• The impact of standardized testing on students
• The importance of gender equality in the workplace
• The portrayal of gender roles in the media
• The implications of data collection by tech companies
• The balance between privacy and security in the digital age
• The role of sustainable development in combating climate change
• The impact of sustainable practices on the economy
• The effects of globalization on developing countries
• The role of multinational corporations in globalization
• The challenges of implementing universal health care
• The impact of health care reform on marginalized communities
• The debate over gun control laws in the United States
• The effectiveness of gun control policies in reducing gun violence
• The impact of immigration on the economy
• The treatment of immigrants in society
• The persistence of racial discrimination in modern society
• The role of institutions in perpetuating racial inequality
• The potential benefits and risks of AI technology
• The ethical considerations of AI in healthcare
• The importance of social justice movements in addressing inequality
• The role of privilege in perpetuating social injustices
• The root causes of poverty and inequality
• The impact of poverty on society as a whole
• The importance of protecting natural resources
• The role of individuals in promoting environmental conservation
• The threats posed by cyber attacks
• The role of government in ensuring cybersecurity
• The causes and effects of addiction
• The treatment options for addiction disorders
• The impact of AI on various industries
• The ethical considerations of AI in decision-making processes

Exploring Perspectives of Death of the Author

Roland Barthes was a French critic and thinker. He wrote the essay “Death of the Author” in 1967. It is a deeply provocative and persuasive article and makes immense advancement and changes within the field of literary criticism Roland Barthes says in his essay The…

A Beacon of Caribbean Culture and Identity

Beryl McBurnie is a Caribbean figure who has contributed greatly to Caribbean culture and identity. The text, Beryl McBurnie, is written by Judy Raymond, a senior journalist and editor based in Trinidad. She is currently editor in chief at the Trinidad and Tobago Newsday. The…

A Heuristic Evaluation Approach with a Case Study of University of Sialkot Website

Abstract— this research will indicate the degree of usability of a web interface. Using a case study of University of Sialkot official website. The usability of such a website displaying content for millions of users is very important to maintain because of its high usability….

Digital Transformation in the Hospitality Sector

It has been close to fifty years since the commercial use of internet began and during this course of time, the businesses have changed at a remarkable pace all around. In today’s digital world (Verhoef et al., 2017) marketing and communication through internet has become highly important…

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A Comprehensive Approach to Physical Activity at Euclid Middle School

With obesity rates on the rise, and student MVPA time at an all time low, it is important, now more than ever, to provide students with tools and creative opportunities for a healthy and active lifestyle. A school following a CSPAP program should utilize all…

A Comprehensive Analysis of the Global Fast Food Giant

The brand that I have chosen is one of the most iconic and powerful brands in history of this nation and also the whole entire world. They are one of the most successful brands globally and almost everyone has come through their doors for something…

A Comprehensive Analysis of News Headlines

Every nation has a common language that represents their culture, norms, identity and context. According to Chomsky (1957), “A set (finite or infinite) of sentences, each finite in length and constructed out of a finite set of elements, a finite number of phonemes (or letters…

KFC’s Triumph and Turmoil in China

As the first western fast food company to enter china in 1987, KFC has become the MODERN blueprint for /of internationalisation (Knowledge.insead.edu, 2016). Engaging in a combination of high control methods of market entry, they have since grown to become the country’s most successful fast food company,…

The Enduring Impact of Colorism in Hollywood

Colorism is a standing problem for African Americans in Hollywood. Colorism is prejudice or discrimination against individuals with a dark skin tone, typically among people of the same ethnic or racial group. Historically, this social set up of racism perpetuated by slavery made the norm…

The Crucible: Difference Between Movie and Play

Introduction The Late Middle Ages was a contentious period in European history characterized by plague, famine, war, the expansion of Christianity, and the Inquisition by the Roman Catholic Church. The Catholic Inquisition aimed at eradicating heresy and religious dissent within the society in order to…

The Importance of Criminology in Our Society: Knife Crime Research

Introduction Criminology is a subdivision of sociology that has been taught in one form or another for many years. Regardless of its extensive history, until recently, criminology itself is considered a scientific discipline. Some specific areas of criminal interest involve the frequency of crimes, social,…

In-Depth Exploration of Mezirow’s Transformational Learning Theory

Jack Mezirow’s transformative (sometimes referred to as transformational) learning theory emphasized the importance of integration of experience into a person’s worldview. Founded on constructivist principles, Transformative learning occurs as an active exploratory process, after an individual experiences a disruptive event (what Mezirow calls a disorienting…

What Success Means to You Defines Your Goals and Motivation

What success means to you? If you’ve been feeling a little low lately, this essay on success is sure to boost your motivation levels and set the goals right! We hear about so many successful people from all the areas. Some of them may be…

Leadership and Teamwork Theories: Their Relevance in Today’s World

Leadership, Management and Teamwork are all a part of understanding and studying one’s behaviour in organizations and then using this to manage people’s behaviour in organisations. In order for people to be motivated to do work and complete objectives these three elements should be executed…

Teachers Professional Identity: Analysis of the Case of South Africa

An educator’s identity is formed by one’s own perception of education which is formed from one’s own school years, the school environment one is placed in, the teachers and parents one come in contact with, the support and guidance that one receives as well as…

Students Seminar Reflection: Conflict Sensitivity and Resolution

After attending the Conflict Sensitivity seminar, I wrote a thoughtful reflection essay to delve into my key takeaways and personal growth from the enriching experience. The topics stated here are the insights and reflection sowed from the Conflict Sensitivity Seminar and is divided into sections…

Analysis of Masculinity in Film and Contemporary Media

Do contemporary media representations offer celebrations or critiques of masculinity? Contemporary media representations of masculinity in film in film and television is the main theme of this essay to analyse. The traditional ideal of masculinity is critiqued, as there is “not only one version of…

Impact of Gender Orientation and Roles on Team Performances

The differences between the role women and men plays in managing a project and the project teams have been a concern from past years. These differences can result into conflicts, low quality result, decision making processes. This essay analyzes the combine and individual effect of…

Why Energy Drinks Should Be Banned: Research Study

Introduction The most widely consumed drug in human history is caffeine and more than 80% of the world’s population uses it. The intake of caffeinated-beverages such as energy drinks, coffee, and soft drinks among Filipinos continue to rise as well [1]. As of today, the…

 Binge Watching: Examination of Phenomenon Origin

Introduction Television is one of the major communication technologies and crucial element of mass culture industry as it holds the power to alter the world and culture around us. Thus, it is significant to notice that how it has evolved throughout time as a consequence…

What Is a 2500-Word Essay?

A 2500-word essay is a type of academic or scholarly writing that consists of approximately 2500 words. It is a longer piece of writing that typically follows a formal structure. It includes an introduction, several body paragraphs, and a conclusion. The introduction provides an overview of the topic, establishes the context, and presents a clear thesis statement that outlines the main argument or objective of the essay. In academic writings, a 2500-word essay requires you to demonstrate critical thinking, analytical skills, and the ability to synthesize and evaluate information from various sources. It is important to support your arguments with credible evidence and properly cite your sources using a recognized referencing style.

How Many Pages is 2500-Word Essay?

General estimation is that a 2500-word essay would be around 5 to 6 pages when using standard formatting guidelines. It's important to note that the page count can be influenced by factors such as the inclusion of headings, subheadings, block quotes, and the overall formatting choices. Additionally, different word processing software may have slight variations in how they calculate the page count. When in doubt, it's always best to refer to the specific formatting guidelines provided by your instructor or institution. They may have specific requirements regarding font size, spacing, and margins that can impact the page count of your 2500-word text.

How to Write a 2500-Word Essay?

A 2500-word essay is a type of academic or scholarly writing that consists of approximately 2500 words. Writing a 2500-word essay requires effective time management. Tou should familiarize yourself with the essay prompt, guidelines, and any specific requirements given by your instructor and then gather relevant information from credible sources such as books, scholarly articles, and reputable websites. Start with an engaging opening sentence to grab the reader's attention. Provide background information on the topic and present a strong thesis statement that encapsulates the main argument of your essay. Back up your arguments with relevant and credible evidence. Analyze and interpret the evidence to strengthen your position. Summarize the main points of your essay and restate the thesis. Reflect on the significance of your findings and leave the reader with a final thought or call to action. Carefully read through your essay to catch any remaining errors or typos. Consider seeking feedback from peers or professors to gain different perspectives.

How Many Sources Should You Include in a 2500-Word Essay?

Generally, it is advisable to include a sufficient number of credible sources to support your arguments and provide evidence. Aim for a balanced mix of primary and secondary sources, and use reputable scholarly books, articles, academic databases, and relevant websites.

How Long Should Each Section of a 2500-Word Essay Be?

While the length of each section may vary depending on the specific requirements and content, a general guideline could be to allocate approximately 10-15% of the word count to the introduction (250-375 words), 70-80% to the body paragraphs (1750-2000 words), and 10-15% to the conclusion (250-375 words). However, adapt these proportions based on the complexity and emphasis required for each section.

Another Word Count

Popular topics.

• Academic Challenges
• Physical Education
• Career Goals
• Importance of Education
• Academic Interests
• Philippines
• Overcoming Challenges
• Penny Debate
• Serial Killer
• High School
• Advertisement
• Stem Education
• Winter Break
• Madam Cj Walker
• Vincent Van Gogh
• Mental Health
• Charles Darwin
• Animal Cruelty
• Middle School
• Growth Mindset
• Abraham Lincoln

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2500-Word Essay Examples from Professional Writers

3608 samples of this type

Essays, especially large ones, are definitely tough college assignments. You should pick up a good and interesting topic, collect all the important information, analyze a ton of sources, structure your piece of writing perfectly, format it according to all the requirements… This can be quite difficult. In this case, it may be useful for you to look at an example of 2500-word essay that worked.

We have collected dozens of essay samples and free essay writers tips in order to make your writing easier. Find a suitable 2500-word essay example and use it for your inspirational and educational purposes. A well-written sample paper can serve as a source of interesting 2500-word essay topics, actionable observations on accurate formatting, or as a template to follow. Carefully study the 2500-word essay structure and get ready to write your original paper.

Moreover, WowEssays.com provides students with professionally written academic papers of all types. Here you can order a 100% original 2500-word essay crafted from scratch. We guarantee reasonable prices and the high quality of written materials.

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a) Elements of Ecology In “Kampung Boy”, the author has portrayed an intrinsic biography of a Muslim boy born in Kampong in Perak. How the young boy grows up in rural Malaysia is explained in a vivid fashion, from which the reader is able to draw various inferences on ecological factors and their influence on childhood. The Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological System Model analyses the child development paradigm in a framework of simple yet meaningful relationships with environment. The essay focuses on how these elements have been embedded in the childhood of the Kampung Boy.

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2500-Word Essay Examples: Health & Medicine

A 2500-word essay is more of a full-scale research or term paper. To write a good 2500 words essay about health care, medicine, or nursing, you’ll have to conduct serious research and prepare a solid bibliography list. Most likely, writing such a lengthy text will take more than one evening. That’s why you should think carefully about the topic and choose the one that will inspire you.

You might be assigned a 2500-word essay in almost any medical subdiscipline. For instance: nursing , healthy nutrition , alternative medicine , immunology , or pulmonology . Good luck with your paper! Check 2500 words essay examples below to get inspired.

General Systems Theory and Nurse Turnover

Introduction The members of the baby boom generation are those that were born after World War II (Adams & Beehr, 2003). This is a significant number of people entering the latter stages of life. As a result many of them will begin to feel the effect of old age and...

Primary Prevention of Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease in Older Adults

Introduction Kidney disease is a health disparity that does not receive sufficient attention from the public and healthcare professionals. Despite this, it impacts millions of people in this country and leads to complications, among which there is kidney failure. The latter can be treated with transplantation, a cost-intensive and dangerous...

Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Adolescents

This paper discusses the problem of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among adolescents in Atlantic City and Atlantic County in New Jersey. People of ages from 10 to 19 are increasingly engaging in sexual intercourse without necessarily following the proper safety guidelines. As a result, the rate of STD infection among...

Genetically Modified Foods: Key Aspects

Introduction Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are living organisms whose genetic components have been changed through new genetic engineering advances. Recombinant DNA technology is a new technological invention that introduces a new set of genes into an organism. Genetic engineering accurately and rapidly produces plants with improved traits. The GMO whose...

2500 Word Essay FAQ

What should i write about in my 2500 word nursing essay.

You can write a 2500-word essay about medicine, health care, and nursing on many topics. For example: sleep, childhood obesity, patient safety, bipolar disorder, intensive care, or aging. It is worth choosing an inspiring topic because writing a 2500 words nursing essay requires time and effort.

How Long Does It Take to Write a 2500-Word Essay about Medicine?

Medicine is a quite a complicated topic to write about. Working on a 2500-word essay about health care or nursing will typically require time and effort to conduct research and read literature on the topic. Moreover, you’ll have to edit and format the text and probably prepare graphic materials. You’ll need not less than 12 hours and a half for 2500 words.

How Many Paragraphs Is a 2500 Words Essay?

A 2500-word essay, be it an academic paper on medicine or any other topic, typically contains 17 to 18 paragraphs. It is a rough estimate considering that an academic writing paragraph usually consists of about 100 words.

Is a 2500-Word Essay Long?

A 2500-word essay usually spans 10 pages, assuming that it is written in one of the common citation formats (APA, MLA, or Chicago). This means that the text is double-spaced and typed with a standard font (Times New Roman or Arial) of 12 points. The exact length of a 2500 words essay will depend on the formatting requirements.

Technology in Healthcare Management

Introduction The following dissertation focuses on the issue of technology in healthcare management and career prospects in the area of technology. Technology is an imperative area in health management and its integration in the field of health has been an advantage. This essay will explore my career path plan, which...

Research Critique “Adopting Evidence-Based Practice in Clinical Decision Making”

Study Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate an effective intervention that would facilitate successful implementation of Evidence Based Practice (EPB) in the Singapore’s clinical settings (Majid et al. 2011). In this article, the purpose of the study broadens and clarifies the aim of the study, as it...

Lateral Nursing Violence: How It Affects Patient Care and the Workplace

Introduction Violence in the workplace is a growing concern in the healthcare profession. Non-physical violence or lateral violence is synonymous with intimidation, disruption, and unprofessional-like attitude of nurses toward fellow nurses. This should not have a place in the healthcare profession that must bear culture of safety and care for...

Foundational Philosophical Sources and Experiences in Nursing

Introduction The human race has been grappling with a plethora of undesirable health conditions for a long time now. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are prime examples of these undesirable health conditions. Its first official diagnosis was in 1981 in California, in the USA...

Nursing Theory: Adaptative Model of Calista Roy

Introduction Adaptation Theory, Development Theory and General System Theory are all theories of nursing. Roy’s theory is an Adaptation Theory. There are other theorists like Watson who stated that human beings were the central point of all the nursing theories. The nursing theories are further classified according to their theoretical...

Concept of Caring: Nature of Nursing Practice

The concept of caring is frequently put under study, via analytical and phenomenological methods, in order to provide the researchers with an understanding of human nature. The concept of caring has been applied in nursing, whereby the attitude of a nurse is evaluated by observing the moral, cognitive and emotional...

Managing Post-op Pain After Knee Replacement Surgery: Conventional Medication v. True Lavender

Introduction and theoretical framework The knee joint is composed of ligaments, cartilage, bone, and fluid (Gandhi & Viscusi, 2009). These structures work together with the tendons and muscles to enable the knee joint to move. Injuries caused to any of the structures can result in a variety of knee problems...

Criteria for Evaluation of Paper: Evaluating a Guideline

Introduction Despite the high developments attained in the 21st century, man is not yet relieved from deadly health complications. Medical and nursing researchers have indicated that the range of human diseases is magnifying day after day. This is closely associated with changing lifestyles. Most of the diseases and medical complications...

Educating Nurses in Operating Room Environment

Introduction: Patients’ Needs in the OR Environment Background Working in the environment of an operating room (OR) invites a plethora of challenges for a nurse as the patients in the specified area are especially vulnerable to the effects of external factors. Particularly, the fact that the patients are exposed to...

Comprehensive Assessment in Nursing

Introduction In the course of completing the practicum project, one has to deal with a number of cases within a day. As a result of this, it may be really difficult for that individual to carry out a comprehensive assessment on every patient seen in the course of the day....

Nursing: Family Centered Care

Introduction The information should be accurate between the patient, family members, and the care providers to ensure that quality service is offered. The care providers need to learn about family background and culture and traditions. This will enable them to create a conducive environment for the health care workers Much...

The Patient’s Narrative of a Tuberculosis Patient

This is a narrative or a journey of a tuberculosis patient (Abdi Adan – not his real name) who is a homeless person in London. The purpose of the narrative is to help us understand psychological, cultural, and sociological perspectives from the patient’s point of view. In the past few...

Risk Perception of Cardiovascular Diseases Among Saudi Women

Introduction Across the globe, cardiovascular diseases remain to be the leading cause of death among women. According to World Health Organization (2010), CVD accounts for one-third of deaths among women in the world. In developed countries such as the US, more women than men succumb to CVD every year (WHO,...

Risk Perception of Cardiovascular Disease Among Saudi Women

Introduction Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are non-communicable blood vessel, vascular, brain, and heart diseases (Shara, 2010). According to World Health Organization (WHO) (2012), in a year it is estimated that cardiovascular diseases cause over 17.4 million deaths, which translates to thirty percent of all deaths caused by non-communicable diseases. By the...

Nurse Staffing and Patient Safety

Introduction Nurse staffing is the most important factor in determining the quality of patient care offered in hospitals. Research has revealed that hospitals that experience low staffing levels have high rates of negative patient outcomes because of the poor quality of care offered (Patterson, 2011). Many hospitals face this problem...

The Quantitation of Anti-D by Flow Cytometry

Abstract It has been determined that the major causative factor for the haemolytic disease of the newborn is the maternal immunization against D and incompatibility. Medical research has developed a medication that can help to prevent this complication. In the D– incompatibility pregnancy cases, governments and health policies in many...

Principles of Support in Health and Social Care Practice

Principles of Support in Health and Social Care Practice How principles of support are applied to ensure that individuals are cared for in health and social care practice Healthcare is a professional area of practice which aims at improving the health and social well- being of individuals faced with physical,...

Poor Indoor Air Quality in UK Traditional and Contemporary Housing

Abstract Traditionally, people used to stay in quite undemanding houses. Whenever peoplesuffered from any sickness, majority declared the conditions of the houses the cause of the sicknesses. As a result, houses have gone through some modifications, with those of the recent UK depicting a significant difference, not only in shape...

Postoperative Care for Cicek Olcay

Cicek Olcay, a Turkish woman of 53 years of age, had been admitted for acute right upper abdominal pain. She had elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. The surgery was uneventful and the patient was transferred to the post anesthetic recovery room (PARU). After monitoring her for 30 minutes she...

Compare & Contrast of Nursing Theeorists

Introduction Nursing theories are innovative and original ideologies that explain the uniqueness and associations in the nursing discipline. While learning about these theories, I noticed that they had one common goal i.e. solving the questions and anonymity in the nursing practice. Myra Levine, Jean Watson, Martha Rogers, and Dorothea Orem...

The Public’s Image of Nurses – Stereotypes

Introduction Nursing plays a major role in the health sector and delivery systems not only by offering care services but also by involvement in the disease management practices and set of guidelines for handling infections as well as influencing the level of professionalism accorded to nurses. Although the role of...

Evidenced Based Nursing

Article Krein, S., Heisler, M., Piette, J., Makki, F., & Kerr, E. (2005). The Effect of Chronic Pain on Diabetes Patients’ Self-Management, Diabetes Care 28(1), 65-70. Graphic of Article Article Krein, S., Heisler, M., Piette, J., Makki, F., & Kerr, E. (2005). The Effect of Chronic Pain on Diabetes Patients’...

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How to Create a Structured Research Paper Outline | Example

Published on August 7, 2022 by Courtney Gahan . Revised on August 15, 2023.

A research paper outline is a useful tool to aid in the writing process , providing a structure to follow with all information to be included in the paper clearly organized.

A quality outline can make writing your research paper more efficient by helping to:

• Organize your thoughts
• Understand the flow of information and how ideas are related
• Ensure nothing is forgotten

A research paper outline can also give your teacher an early idea of the final product.

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Table of contents

Research paper outline example, how to write a research paper outline, formatting your research paper outline, language in research paper outlines.

• Definition of measles
• Rise in cases in recent years in places the disease was previously eliminated or had very low rates of infection
• Figures: Number of cases per year on average, number in recent years. Relate to immunization
• Symptoms and timeframes of disease
• Risk of fatality, including statistics
• How measles is spread
• Immunization procedures in different regions
• Different regions, focusing on the arguments from those against immunization
• Immunization figures in affected regions
• High number of cases in non-immunizing regions
• Illnesses that can result from measles virus
• Fatal cases of other illnesses after patient contracted measles
• Summary of arguments of different groups
• Summary of figures and relationship with recent immunization debate
• Which side of the argument appears to be correct?

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The AI-powered Citation Checker helps you avoid common mistakes such as:

• Missing commas and periods
• Incorrect usage of “et al.”
• Ampersands (&) in narrative citations
• Missing reference entries

Follow these steps to start your research paper outline:

• Decide on the subject of the paper
• Write down all the ideas you want to include or discuss
• Organize related ideas into sub-groups
• Arrange your ideas into a hierarchy: What should the reader learn first? What is most important? Which idea will help end your paper most effectively?
• Create headings and subheadings that are effective
• Format the outline in either alphanumeric, full-sentence or decimal format

There are three different kinds of research paper outline: alphanumeric, full-sentence and decimal outlines. The differences relate to formatting and style of writing.

• Alphanumeric
• Full-sentence

An alphanumeric outline is most commonly used. It uses Roman numerals, capitalized letters, arabic numerals, lowercase letters to organize the flow of information. Text is written with short notes rather than full sentences.

• Sub-point of sub-point 1

Essentially the same as the alphanumeric outline, but with the text written in full sentences rather than short points.

• Additional sub-point to conclude discussion of point of evidence introduced in point A

A decimal outline is similar in format to the alphanumeric outline, but with a different numbering system: 1, 1.1, 1.2, etc. Text is written as short notes rather than full sentences.

• 1.1.1 Sub-point of first point
• 1.1.2 Sub-point of first point
• 1.2 Second point

To write an effective research paper outline, it is important to pay attention to language. This is especially important if it is one you will show to your teacher or be assessed on.

There are four main considerations: parallelism, coordination, subordination and division.

Parallelism: Be consistent with grammatical form

Parallel structure or parallelism is the repetition of a particular grammatical form within a sentence, or in this case, between points and sub-points. This simply means that if the first point is a verb , the sub-point should also be a verb.

Example of parallelism:

• Include different regions, focusing on the different arguments from those against immunization

Coordination: Be aware of each point’s weight

Your chosen subheadings should hold the same significance as each other, as should all first sub-points, secondary sub-points, and so on.

Example of coordination:

• Include immunization figures in affected regions
• Illnesses that can result from the measles virus

Subordination: Work from general to specific

Subordination refers to the separation of general points from specific. Your main headings should be quite general, and each level of sub-point should become more specific.

Example of subordination:

Division: break information into sub-points.

Your headings should be divided into two or more subsections. There is no limit to how many subsections you can include under each heading, but keep in mind that the information will be structured into a paragraph during the writing stage, so you should not go overboard with the number of sub-points.

Ready to start writing or looking for guidance on a different step in the process? Read our step-by-step guide on how to write a research paper .

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How Long Should a Research Paper Be? Data from 61,519 Examples

I analyzed a random sample of 61,519 full-text research papers, uploaded to PubMed Central between the years 2016 and 2021, in order to answer the questions:

What is the typical overall length of a research paper? and how long should each section be?

I used the BioC API to download the data (see the References section below).

Here’s a summary of the key findings

1- The median length of a research paper is 4,133 words (equivalent to 166 sentences or 34 paragraphs), excluding the abstract and references, with 90% of papers being between 2,023 and 8,284 words.

2- A typical article is divided in the following way:

• Introduction section: 14.6% of the total word count.
• Methods section: 29.7% of the total word count.
• Results section: 26.2% of the total word count.
• Discussion section: 29.4% of the total word count.

Notice that the Materials and methods is the longest section of a professionally written article. So always write this section in enough depth to provide the readers with the necessary details that allow them to replicate your study if they wanted to without requiring further information.

Overall length of a research paper

Let’s start by looking at the maximum word count allowed in some of the well-known journals. Note that the numbers reported in this table include the Abstract , Figure legends and References unless otherwise specified:

[1] excluding figure legends [2] excluding references

⚠ Note A review paper is either a systematic review or a meta-analysis, and an original research paper refers to either an observational or an experimental study conducted by the authors themselves.

Notice the large variability between these journals: The maximum number of words allowed ranges between 3,000 and 9,000 words.

Next, let’s look at our data.

Here’s a table that describes the length of a research paper in our sample:

90% of research papers have a word count between 2,023 and 8,284. So it will be a little weird to see a word count outside of this range.

Our data also agree that a typical review paper is a little bit longer than a typical original research paper but not by much (3,858 vs 3,708 words).

Length of each section in a research article

The median article with an IMRaD structure (i.e. contains the following sections: Introduction , Methods , Results and Discussion ) is in general characterized by a short 553 words introduction. And the methods, results and discussion sections are about twice the size of the introduction:

For more information, see:

• How Long Should a Research Title Be? Data from 104,161 Examples
• How Long Should the Abstract Be? Data 61,429 from Examples
• How Long Should the Introduction of a Research Paper Be? Data from 61,518 Examples
• How Long Should the Methods Section Be? Data from 61,514 Examples
• How Long Should the Results Section Be? Data from 61,458 Examples
• How Long Should the Discussion Section Be? Data from 61,517 Examples
• Length of a Conclusion Section: Analysis of 47,810 Examples
• Comeau DC, Wei CH, Islamaj Doğan R, and Lu Z. PMC text mining subset in BioC: about 3 million full text articles and growing,  Bioinformatics , btz070, 2019.

How to Write a Research Proposal: (with Examples & Templates)

Table of Contents

Before conducting a study, a research proposal should be created that outlines researchers’ plans and methodology and is submitted to the concerned evaluating organization or person. Creating a research proposal is an important step to ensure that researchers are on track and are moving forward as intended. A research proposal can be defined as a detailed plan or blueprint for the proposed research that you intend to undertake. It provides readers with a snapshot of your project by describing what you will investigate, why it is needed, and how you will conduct the research.  

Your research proposal should aim to explain to the readers why your research is relevant and original, that you understand the context and current scenario in the field, have the appropriate resources to conduct the research, and that the research is feasible given the usual constraints.  

This article will describe in detail the purpose and typical structure of a research proposal , along with examples and templates to help you ace this step in your research journey.  

What is a Research Proposal ?  

A research proposal¹ ,²  can be defined as a formal report that describes your proposed research, its objectives, methodology, implications, and other important details. Research proposals are the framework of your research and are used to obtain approvals or grants to conduct the study from various committees or organizations. Consequently, research proposals should convince readers of your study’s credibility, accuracy, achievability, practicality, and reproducibility.   

With research proposals , researchers usually aim to persuade the readers, funding agencies, educational institutions, and supervisors to approve the proposal. To achieve this, the report should be well structured with the objectives written in clear, understandable language devoid of jargon. A well-organized research proposal conveys to the readers or evaluators that the writer has thought out the research plan meticulously and has the resources to ensure timely completion.  

Purpose of Research Proposals  

A research proposal is a sales pitch and therefore should be detailed enough to convince your readers, who could be supervisors, ethics committees, universities, etc., that what you’re proposing has merit and is feasible . Research proposals can help students discuss their dissertation with their faculty or fulfill course requirements and also help researchers obtain funding. A well-structured proposal instills confidence among readers about your ability to conduct and complete the study as proposed.  

Research proposals can be written for several reasons:³  

• To describe the importance of research in the specific topic  
• Address any potential challenges you may encounter  
• Showcase knowledge in the field and your ability to conduct a study  
• Apply for a role at a research institute  
• Convince a research supervisor or university that your research can satisfy the requirements of a degree program  
• Highlight the importance of your research to organizations that may sponsor your project  
• Identify implications of your project and how it can benefit the audience  

What Goes in a Research Proposal?    

Research proposals should aim to answer the three basic questions—what, why, and how.  

The What question should be answered by describing the specific subject being researched. It should typically include the objectives, the cohort details, and the location or setting.  

The Why question should be answered by describing the existing scenario of the subject, listing unanswered questions, identifying gaps in the existing research, and describing how your study can address these gaps, along with the implications and significance.  

The How question should be answered by describing the proposed research methodology, data analysis tools expected to be used, and other details to describe your proposed methodology.   

Research Proposal Example  

Here is a research proposal sample template (with examples) from the University of Rochester Medical Center. 4 The sections in all research proposals are essentially the same although different terminology and other specific sections may be used depending on the subject.  

Structure of a Research Proposal  

If you want to know how to make a research proposal impactful, include the following components:¹  

1. Introduction  

This section provides a background of the study, including the research topic, what is already known about it and the gaps, and the significance of the proposed research.  

2. Literature review  

This section contains descriptions of all the previous relevant studies pertaining to the research topic. Every study cited should be described in a few sentences, starting with the general studies to the more specific ones. This section builds on the understanding gained by readers in the Introduction section and supports it by citing relevant prior literature, indicating to readers that you have thoroughly researched your subject.  

3. Objectives  

Once the background and gaps in the research topic have been established, authors must now state the aims of the research clearly. Hypotheses should be mentioned here. This section further helps readers understand what your study’s specific goals are.  

4. Research design and methodology  

Here, authors should clearly describe the methods they intend to use to achieve their proposed objectives. Important components of this section include the population and sample size, data collection and analysis methods and duration, statistical analysis software, measures to avoid bias (randomization, blinding), etc.  

5. Ethical considerations  

This refers to the protection of participants’ rights, such as the right to privacy, right to confidentiality, etc. Researchers need to obtain informed consent and institutional review approval by the required authorities and mention this clearly for transparency.  

6. Budget/funding  

Researchers should prepare their budget and include all expected expenditures. An additional allowance for contingencies such as delays should also be factored in.  

7. Appendices  

This section typically includes information that supports the research proposal and may include informed consent forms, questionnaires, participant information, measurement tools, etc.  

8. Citations  

Important Tips for Writing a Research Proposal  

Writing a research proposal begins much before the actual task of writing. Planning the research proposal structure and content is an important stage, which if done efficiently, can help you seamlessly transition into the writing stage. 3,5  

The Planning Stage  

• Manage your time efficiently. Plan to have the draft version ready at least two weeks before your deadline and the final version at least two to three days before the deadline.
• What is the primary objective of your research?  
• Will your research address any existing gap?  
• What is the impact of your proposed research?  
• Do people outside your field find your research applicable in other areas?  
• If your research is unsuccessful, would there still be other useful research outcomes?  

  The Writing Stage  

• Create an outline with main section headings that are typically used.  
• Focus only on writing and getting your points across without worrying about the format of the research proposal , grammar, punctuation, etc. These can be fixed during the subsequent passes. Add details to each section heading you created in the beginning.   
• Ensure your sentences are concise and use plain language. A research proposal usually contains about 2,000 to 4,000 words or four to seven pages.  
• Don’t use too many technical terms and abbreviations assuming that the readers would know them. Define the abbreviations and technical terms.  
• Ensure that the entire content is readable. Avoid using long paragraphs because they affect the continuity in reading. Break them into shorter paragraphs and introduce some white space for readability.  
• Focus on only the major research issues and cite sources accordingly. Don’t include generic information or their sources in the literature review.  
• Proofread your final document to ensure there are no grammatical errors so readers can enjoy a seamless, uninterrupted read.  
• Use academic, scholarly language because it brings formality into a document.  
• Ensure that your title is created using the keywords in the document and is neither too long and specific nor too short and general.  
• Cite all sources appropriately to avoid plagiarism.  
• Make sure that you follow guidelines, if provided. This includes rules as simple as using a specific font or a hyphen or en dash between numerical ranges.  
• Ensure that you’ve answered all questions requested by the evaluating authority.  

Key Takeaways   

Here’s a summary of the main points about research proposals discussed in the previous sections:  

• A research proposal is a document that outlines the details of a proposed study and is created by researchers to submit to evaluators who could be research institutions, universities, faculty, etc.  
• Research proposals are usually about 2,000-4,000 words long, but this depends on the evaluating authority’s guidelines.  
• A good research proposal ensures that you’ve done your background research and assessed the feasibility of the research.  
• Research proposals have the following main sections—introduction, literature review, objectives, methodology, ethical considerations, and budget.  

Frequently Asked Questions  

Q1. How is a research proposal evaluated?  

A1. In general, most evaluators, including universities, broadly use the following criteria to evaluate research proposals . 6  

• Significance —Does the research address any important subject or issue, which may or may not be specific to the evaluator or university?  
• Content and design —Is the proposed methodology appropriate to answer the research question? Are the objectives clear and well aligned with the proposed methodology?  
• Sample size and selection —Is the target population or cohort size clearly mentioned? Is the sampling process used to select participants randomized, appropriate, and free of bias?  
• Timing —Are the proposed data collection dates mentioned clearly? Is the project feasible given the specified resources and timeline?  
• Data management and dissemination —Who will have access to the data? What is the plan for data analysis?  

Q2. What is the difference between the Introduction and Literature Review sections in a research proposal ?  

A2. The Introduction or Background section in a research proposal sets the context of the study by describing the current scenario of the subject and identifying the gaps and need for the research. A Literature Review, on the other hand, provides references to all prior relevant literature to help corroborate the gaps identified and the research need.  

Q3. How long should a research proposal be?  

A3. Research proposal lengths vary with the evaluating authority like universities or committees and also the subject. Here’s a table that lists the typical research proposal lengths for a few universities.  

Q4. What are the common mistakes to avoid in a research proposal ?  

A4. Here are a few common mistakes that you must avoid while writing a research proposal . 7  

• No clear objectives: Objectives should be clear, specific, and measurable for the easy understanding among readers.  
• Incomplete or unconvincing background research: Background research usually includes a review of the current scenario of the particular industry and also a review of the previous literature on the subject. This helps readers understand your reasons for undertaking this research because you identified gaps in the existing research.  
• Overlooking project feasibility: The project scope and estimates should be realistic considering the resources and time available.   
• Neglecting the impact and significance of the study: In a research proposal , readers and evaluators look for the implications or significance of your research and how it contributes to the existing research. This information should always be included.  
• Unstructured format of a research proposal : A well-structured document gives confidence to evaluators that you have read the guidelines carefully and are well organized in your approach, consequently affirming that you will be able to undertake the research as mentioned in your proposal.  
• Ineffective writing style: The language used should be formal and grammatically correct. If required, editors could be consulted, including AI-based tools such as Paperpal , to refine the research proposal structure and language.  

Thus, a research proposal is an essential document that can help you promote your research and secure funds and grants for conducting your research. Consequently, it should be well written in clear language and include all essential details to convince the evaluators of your ability to conduct the research as proposed.  

This article has described all the important components of a research proposal and has also provided tips to improve your writing style. We hope all these tips will help you write a well-structured research proposal to ensure receipt of grants or any other purpose.  

References  

• Sudheesh K, Duggappa DR, Nethra SS. How to write a research proposal? Indian J Anaesth. 2016;60(9):631-634. Accessed July 15, 2024. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5037942/  
• Writing research proposals. Harvard College Office of Undergraduate Research and Fellowships. Harvard University. Accessed July 14, 2024. https://uraf.harvard.edu/apply-opportunities/app-components/essays/research-proposals  
• What is a research proposal? Plus how to write one. Indeed website. Accessed July 17, 2024. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/research-proposal  
• Research proposal template. University of Rochester Medical Center. Accessed July 16, 2024. https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/MediaLibraries/URMCMedia/pediatrics/research/documents/Research-proposal-Template.pdf  
• Tips for successful proposal writing. Johns Hopkins University. Accessed July 17, 2024. https://research.jhu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Tips-for-Successful-Proposal-Writing.pdf  
• Formal review of research proposals. Cornell University. Accessed July 18, 2024. https://irp.dpb.cornell.edu/surveys/survey-assessment-review-group/research-proposals  
• 7 Mistakes you must avoid in your research proposal. Aveksana (via LinkedIn). Accessed July 17, 2024. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/7-mistakes-you-must-avoid-your-research-proposal-aveksana-cmtwf/  

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How Many Pages is 2500 Words?

Home / Blog / How Many Pages Is 2500 Words?

Introduction

When it comes to writing assignments or academic papers, one question that often arises is: how many pages is 2500 words? This is a valid question since the number of pages can vary depending on several factors such as the font, font size, spacing, and formatting style. In this blog post, we will explore the factors that affect the number of pages in 2500 words and provide examples to illustrate our points.

Factors that Affect the Number of Pages in 2500 Words

The font you choose can significantly affect the number of pages in 2500 words. Different fonts have different sizes, which can affect the amount of space they occupy on a page. For example, if you choose a font such as Times New Roman or Arial, which are commonly used in academic writing, you can expect to get around 6-7 pages for 2500 words with a font size of 12pt.

However, if you choose a font such as Calibri or Verdana, which are relatively smaller, you may end up with more pages for the same word count. In this case, you can expect to get around 7-8 pages for 2500 words with a font size of 12pt.

The font size you choose can also affect the number of pages in 2500 words. A larger font size means that each word will take up more space, resulting in fewer words per page. For instance, if you choose a font size of 14pt, you can expect to get around 5-6 pages for 2500 words.

On the other hand, if you choose a smaller font size such as 10pt, you can expect to get more pages for the same word count. In this case, you can expect to get around 8-9 pages for 2500 words.

The spacing you choose can also affect the number of pages in 2500 words. For example, if you use single spacing, each line of text will be closer together, resulting in more words per page. In this case, you can expect to get around 5-6 pages for 2500 words.

However, if you use double spacing, each line of text will be farther apart, resulting in fewer words per page. In this case, you can expect to get around 8-9 pages for 2500 words.

Formatting Style

The formatting style you choose can also affect the number of pages in 2500 words. For example, if you are using MLA formatting, you may need to include in-text citations and a Works Cited page, which can take up additional space. In this case, you may end up with fewer pages for the same word count.

On the other hand, if you are using APA formatting, you may not need to include in-text citations or a reference page, which can result in more pages for the same word count.

To illustrate the points mentioned above, let's take a look at some examples.

Example 1: Times New Roman, 12pt font, single spacing

If you use Times New Roman, 12pt font, and single spacing, you can expect to get around 6-7 pages for 2500 words.

Example 2: Calibri, 12pt font, double spacing

If you use Calibri, 12pt font, and double spacing, you can expect to get around 7-8 pages for 2500 words.

Example 3: Arial, 14pt font, single spacing

If you use Arial, 14pt font, and single spacing, you can expect to get around 5-6 pages for 2500 words.

Example 4: Verdana,10pt font, double spacing

If you use Verdana, 10pt font, and double spacing, you can expect to get around 8-9 pages for 2500 words.

Example 5: MLA Formatting

If you are using MLA formatting, you may need to include in-text citations and a Works Cited page, which can take up additional space. In this case, you may end up with fewer pages for the same word count. For instance, if you use Times New Roman, 12pt font, and double spacing, you can expect to get around 5-6 pages for 2500 words.

Example 6: APA Formatting

If you are using APA formatting, you may not need to include in-text citations or a reference page, which can result in more pages for the same word count. For instance, if you use Calibri, 12pt font, and double spacing, you can expect to get around 8-9 pages for 2500 words.

So, How Many Pages is 2500 Words?

Based on the factors mentioned above, the number of pages in 2500 words can range from 5 to 9 pages. However, it's important to note that the number of pages may vary depending on the requirements of your professor or instructor. Therefore, it's always a good idea to check the assignment instructions and formatting requirements before starting your writing.

Tips for Writing a 2500-Word Paper

Now that we've explored the factors that affect the number of pages in 2500 words let's take a look at some tips for writing a 2500-word paper :

Plan your paper: Before starting your writing, it's essential to plan your paper by creating an outline. This will help you organize your thoughts and ideas and ensure that your paper flows logically.

Research: Ensure that you conduct thorough research on the topic you're writing about. This will help you gather relevant information that you can use to support your arguments.

Write a draft: Don't aim for perfection on your first attempt. Instead, focus on getting your ideas down on paper. You can always revise and edit your work later.

Edit and proofread: Once you've finished writing, take time to edit and proofread your work. This will help you identify and correct any errors or inconsistencies in your paper.

In conclusion, the number of pages in 2500 words can vary depending on several factors such as font, font size, spacing, and formatting style. However, based on our examples and analysis, you can expect to get around 5-9 pages for 2500 words. Remember to always check the formatting requirements of your assignment before starting your writing, and follow the tips we've provided to help you write a great 2500-word paper.

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17 Research Proposal Examples

Chris Drew (PhD)

Dr. Chris Drew is the founder of the Helpful Professor. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education. [Image Descriptor: Photo of Chris]

Learn about our Editorial Process

A research proposal systematically and transparently outlines a proposed research project.

The purpose of a research proposal is to demonstrate a project’s viability and the researcher’s preparedness to conduct an academic study. It serves as a roadmap for the researcher.

The process holds value both externally (for accountability purposes and often as a requirement for a grant application) and intrinsic value (for helping the researcher to clarify the mechanics, purpose, and potential signficance of the study).

Key sections of a research proposal include: the title, abstract, introduction, literature review, research design and methods, timeline, budget, outcomes and implications, references, and appendix. Each is briefly explained below.

Watch my Guide: How to Write a Research Proposal

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Research Proposal Sample Structure

Title: The title should present a concise and descriptive statement that clearly conveys the core idea of the research projects. Make it as specific as possible. The reader should immediately be able to grasp the core idea of the intended research project. Often, the title is left too vague and does not help give an understanding of what exactly the study looks at.

Abstract: Abstracts are usually around 250-300 words and provide an overview of what is to follow – including the research problem , objectives, methods, expected outcomes, and significance of the study. Use it as a roadmap and ensure that, if the abstract is the only thing someone reads, they’ll get a good fly-by of what will be discussed in the peice.

Introduction: Introductions are all about contextualization. They often set the background information with a statement of the problem. At the end of the introduction, the reader should understand what the rationale for the study truly is. I like to see the research questions or hypotheses included in the introduction and I like to get a good understanding of what the significance of the research will be. It’s often easiest to write the introduction last

Literature Review: The literature review dives deep into the existing literature on the topic, demosntrating your thorough understanding of the existing literature including themes, strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in the literature. It serves both to demonstrate your knowledge of the field and, to demonstrate how the proposed study will fit alongside the literature on the topic. A good literature review concludes by clearly demonstrating how your research will contribute something new and innovative to the conversation in the literature.

Research Design and Methods: This section needs to clearly demonstrate how the data will be gathered and analyzed in a systematic and academically sound manner. Here, you need to demonstrate that the conclusions of your research will be both valid and reliable. Common points discussed in the research design and methods section include highlighting the research paradigm, methodologies, intended population or sample to be studied, data collection techniques, and data analysis procedures . Toward the end of this section, you are encouraged to also address ethical considerations and limitations of the research process , but also to explain why you chose your research design and how you are mitigating the identified risks and limitations.

Timeline: Provide an outline of the anticipated timeline for the study. Break it down into its various stages (including data collection, data analysis, and report writing). The goal of this section is firstly to establish a reasonable breakdown of steps for you to follow and secondly to demonstrate to the assessors that your project is practicable and feasible.

Budget: Estimate the costs associated with the research project and include evidence for your estimations. Typical costs include staffing costs, equipment, travel, and data collection tools. When applying for a scholarship, the budget should demonstrate that you are being responsible with your expensive and that your funding application is reasonable.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: A discussion of the anticipated findings or results of the research, as well as the potential contributions to the existing knowledge, theory, or practice in the field. This section should also address the potential impact of the research on relevant stakeholders and any broader implications for policy or practice.

References: A complete list of all the sources cited in the research proposal, formatted according to the required citation style. This demonstrates the researcher’s familiarity with the relevant literature and ensures proper attribution of ideas and information.

Appendices (if applicable): Any additional materials, such as questionnaires, interview guides, or consent forms, that provide further information or support for the research proposal. These materials should be included as appendices at the end of the document.

Research Proposal Examples

Research proposals often extend anywhere between 2,000 and 15,000 words in length. The following snippets are samples designed to briefly demonstrate what might be discussed in each section.

1. Education Studies Research Proposals

See some real sample pieces:

• Assessment of the perceptions of teachers towards a new grading system
• Does ICT use in secondary classrooms help or hinder student learning?
• Digital technologies in focus project
• Urban Middle School Teachers’ Experiences of the Implementation of
• Restorative Justice Practices
• Experiences of students of color in service learning

Consider this hypothetical education research proposal:

The Impact of Game-Based Learning on Student Engagement and Academic Performance in Middle School Mathematics

Abstract: The proposed study will explore multiplayer game-based learning techniques in middle school mathematics curricula and their effects on student engagement. The study aims to contribute to the current literature on game-based learning by examining the effects of multiplayer gaming in learning.

Introduction: Digital game-based learning has long been shunned within mathematics education for fears that it may distract students or lower the academic integrity of the classrooms. However, there is emerging evidence that digital games in math have emerging benefits not only for engagement but also academic skill development. Contributing to this discourse, this study seeks to explore the potential benefits of multiplayer digital game-based learning by examining its impact on middle school students’ engagement and academic performance in a mathematics class.

Literature Review: The literature review has identified gaps in the current knowledge, namely, while game-based learning has been extensively explored, the role of multiplayer games in supporting learning has not been studied.

Research Design and Methods: This study will employ a mixed-methods research design based upon action research in the classroom. A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test control group design will first be used to compare the academic performance and engagement of middle school students exposed to game-based learning techniques with those in a control group receiving instruction without the aid of technology. Students will also be observed and interviewed in regard to the effect of communication and collaboration during gameplay on their learning.

Timeline: The study will take place across the second term of the school year with a pre-test taking place on the first day of the term and the post-test taking place on Wednesday in Week 10.

Budget: The key budgetary requirements will be the technologies required, including the subscription cost for the identified games and computers.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: It is expected that the findings will contribute to the current literature on game-based learning and inform educational practices, providing educators and policymakers with insights into how to better support student achievement in mathematics.

2. Psychology Research Proposals

See some real examples:

• A situational analysis of shared leadership in a self-managing team
• The effect of musical preference on running performance
• Relationship between self-esteem and disordered eating amongst adolescent females

Consider this hypothetical psychology research proposal:

The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Stress Reduction in College Students

Abstract: This research proposal examines the impact of mindfulness-based interventions on stress reduction among college students, using a pre-test/post-test experimental design with both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods .

Introduction: College students face heightened stress levels during exam weeks. This can affect both mental health and test performance. This study explores the potential benefits of mindfulness-based interventions such as meditation as a way to mediate stress levels in the weeks leading up to exam time.

Literature Review: Existing research on mindfulness-based meditation has shown the ability for mindfulness to increase metacognition, decrease anxiety levels, and decrease stress. Existing literature has looked at workplace, high school and general college-level applications. This study will contribute to the corpus of literature by exploring the effects of mindfulness directly in the context of exam weeks.

Research Design and Methods: Participants ( n= 234 ) will be randomly assigned to either an experimental group, receiving 5 days per week of 10-minute mindfulness-based interventions, or a control group, receiving no intervention. Data will be collected through self-report questionnaires, measuring stress levels, semi-structured interviews exploring participants’ experiences, and students’ test scores.

Timeline: The study will begin three weeks before the students’ exam week and conclude after each student’s final exam. Data collection will occur at the beginning (pre-test of self-reported stress levels) and end (post-test) of the three weeks.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: The study aims to provide evidence supporting the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing stress among college students in the lead up to exams, with potential implications for mental health support and stress management programs on college campuses.

3. Sociology Research Proposals

• Understanding emerging social movements: A case study of ‘Jersey in Transition’
• The interaction of health, education and employment in Western China
• Can we preserve lower-income affordable neighbourhoods in the face of rising costs?

Consider this hypothetical sociology research proposal:

The Impact of Social Media Usage on Interpersonal Relationships among Young Adults

Abstract: This research proposal investigates the effects of social media usage on interpersonal relationships among young adults, using a longitudinal mixed-methods approach with ongoing semi-structured interviews to collect qualitative data.

Introduction: Social media platforms have become a key medium for the development of interpersonal relationships, particularly for young adults. This study examines the potential positive and negative effects of social media usage on young adults’ relationships and development over time.

Literature Review: A preliminary review of relevant literature has demonstrated that social media usage is central to development of a personal identity and relationships with others with similar subcultural interests. However, it has also been accompanied by data on mental health deline and deteriorating off-screen relationships. The literature is to-date lacking important longitudinal data on these topics.

Research Design and Methods: Participants ( n = 454 ) will be young adults aged 18-24. Ongoing self-report surveys will assess participants’ social media usage, relationship satisfaction, and communication patterns. A subset of participants will be selected for longitudinal in-depth interviews starting at age 18 and continuing for 5 years.

Timeline: The study will be conducted over a period of five years, including recruitment, data collection, analysis, and report writing.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: This study aims to provide insights into the complex relationship between social media usage and interpersonal relationships among young adults, potentially informing social policies and mental health support related to social media use.

4. Nursing Research Proposals

• Does Orthopaedic Pre-assessment clinic prepare the patient for admission to hospital?
• Nurses’ perceptions and experiences of providing psychological care to burns patients
• Registered psychiatric nurse’s practice with mentally ill parents and their children

Consider this hypothetical nursing research proposal:

The Influence of Nurse-Patient Communication on Patient Satisfaction and Health Outcomes following Emergency Cesarians

Abstract: This research will examines the impact of effective nurse-patient communication on patient satisfaction and health outcomes for women following c-sections, utilizing a mixed-methods approach with patient surveys and semi-structured interviews.

Introduction: It has long been known that effective communication between nurses and patients is crucial for quality care. However, additional complications arise following emergency c-sections due to the interaction between new mother’s changing roles and recovery from surgery.

Literature Review: A review of the literature demonstrates the importance of nurse-patient communication, its impact on patient satisfaction, and potential links to health outcomes. However, communication between nurses and new mothers is less examined, and the specific experiences of those who have given birth via emergency c-section are to date unexamined.

Research Design and Methods: Participants will be patients in a hospital setting who have recently had an emergency c-section. A self-report survey will assess their satisfaction with nurse-patient communication and perceived health outcomes. A subset of participants will be selected for in-depth interviews to explore their experiences and perceptions of the communication with their nurses.

Timeline: The study will be conducted over a period of six months, including rolling recruitment, data collection, analysis, and report writing within the hospital.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: This study aims to provide evidence for the significance of nurse-patient communication in supporting new mothers who have had an emergency c-section. Recommendations will be presented for supporting nurses and midwives in improving outcomes for new mothers who had complications during birth.

5. Social Work Research Proposals

• Experiences of negotiating employment and caring responsibilities of fathers post-divorce
• Exploring kinship care in the north region of British Columbia

Consider this hypothetical social work research proposal:

The Role of a Family-Centered Intervention in Preventing Homelessness Among At-Risk Youthin a working-class town in Northern England

Abstract: This research proposal investigates the effectiveness of a family-centered intervention provided by a local council area in preventing homelessness among at-risk youth. This case study will use a mixed-methods approach with program evaluation data and semi-structured interviews to collect quantitative and qualitative data .

Introduction: Homelessness among youth remains a significant social issue. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of family-centered interventions in addressing this problem and identify factors that contribute to successful prevention strategies.

Literature Review: A review of the literature has demonstrated several key factors contributing to youth homelessness including lack of parental support, lack of social support, and low levels of family involvement. It also demonstrates the important role of family-centered interventions in addressing this issue. Drawing on current evidence, this study explores the effectiveness of one such intervention in preventing homelessness among at-risk youth in a working-class town in Northern England.

Research Design and Methods: The study will evaluate a new family-centered intervention program targeting at-risk youth and their families. Quantitative data on program outcomes, including housing stability and family functioning, will be collected through program records and evaluation reports. Semi-structured interviews with program staff, participants, and relevant stakeholders will provide qualitative insights into the factors contributing to program success or failure.

Timeline: The study will be conducted over a period of six months, including recruitment, data collection, analysis, and report writing.

Budget: Expenses include access to program evaluation data, interview materials, data analysis software, and any related travel costs for in-person interviews.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: This study aims to provide evidence for the effectiveness of family-centered interventions in preventing youth homelessness, potentially informing the expansion of or necessary changes to social work practices in Northern England.

Research Proposal Template

Get your Detailed Template for Writing your Research Proposal Here (With AI Prompts!)

This is a template for a 2500-word research proposal. You may find it difficult to squeeze everything into this wordcount, but it’s a common wordcount for Honors and MA-level dissertations.

Your research proposal is where you really get going with your study. I’d strongly recommend working closely with your teacher in developing a research proposal that’s consistent with the requirements and culture of your institution, as in my experience it varies considerably. The above template is from my own courses that walk students through research proposals in a British School of Education.

• Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd-2/ 25 Number Games for Kids (Free and Easy)
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8 thoughts on “17 Research Proposal Examples”

Very excellent research proposals

very helpful

Very helpful

Dear Sir, I need some help to write an educational research proposal. Thank you.

Hi Levi, use the site search bar to ask a question and I’ll likely have a guide already written for your specific question. Thanks for reading!

very good research proposal

Thank you so much sir! ❤️

Very helpful 👌

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50 Useful Academic Words & Phrases for Research

Like all good writing, writing an academic paper takes a certain level of skill to express your ideas and arguments in a way that is natural and that meets a level of academic sophistication. The terms, expressions, and phrases you use in your research paper must be of an appropriate level to be submitted to academic journals.

Therefore, authors need to know which verbs , nouns , and phrases to apply to create a paper that is not only easy to understand, but which conveys an understanding of academic conventions. Using the correct terminology and usage shows journal editors and fellow researchers that you are a competent writer and thinker, while using non-academic language might make them question your writing ability, as well as your critical reasoning skills.

What are academic words and phrases?

One way to understand what constitutes good academic writing is to read a lot of published research to find patterns of usage in different contexts. However, it may take an author countless hours of reading and might not be the most helpful advice when faced with an upcoming deadline on a manuscript draft.

Briefly, “academic” language includes terms, phrases, expressions, transitions, and sometimes symbols and abbreviations that help the pieces of an academic text fit together. When writing an academic text–whether it is a book report, annotated bibliography, research paper, research poster, lab report, research proposal, thesis, or manuscript for publication–authors must follow academic writing conventions. You can often find handy academic writing tips and guidelines by consulting the style manual of the text you are writing (i.e., APA Style , MLA Style , or Chicago Style ).

However, sometimes it can be helpful to have a list of academic words and expressions like the ones in this article to use as a “cheat sheet” for substituting the better term in a given context.

How to Choose the Best Academic Terms

You can think of writing “academically” as writing in a way that conveys one’s meaning effectively but concisely. For instance, while the term “take a look at” is a perfectly fine way to express an action in everyday English, a term like “analyze” would certainly be more suitable in most academic contexts. It takes up fewer words on the page and is used much more often in published academic papers.

You can use one handy guideline when choosing the most academic term: When faced with a choice between two different terms, use the Latinate version of the term. Here is a brief list of common verbs versus their academic counterparts:

Although this can be a useful tip to help academic authors, it can be difficult to memorize dozens of Latinate verbs. Using an AI paraphrasing tool or proofreading tool can help you instantly find more appropriate academic terms, so consider using such revision tools while you draft to improve your writing.

Top 50 Words and Phrases for Different Sections in a Research Paper

The “Latinate verb rule” is just one tool in your arsenal of academic writing, and there are many more out there. But to make the process of finding academic language a bit easier for you, we have compiled a list of 50 vital academic words and phrases, divided into specific categories and use cases, each with an explanation and contextual example.

Best Words and Phrases to use in an Introduction section

1. historically.

An adverb used to indicate a time perspective, especially when describing the background of a given topic.

2. In recent years

A temporal marker emphasizing recent developments, often used at the very beginning of your Introduction section.

3. It is widely acknowledged that

A “form phrase” indicating a broad consensus among researchers and/or the general public. Often used in the literature review section to build upon a foundation of established scientific knowledge.

4. There has been growing interest in

Highlights increasing attention to a topic and tells the reader why your study might be important to this field of research.

5. Preliminary observations indicate

Shares early insights or findings while hedging on making any definitive conclusions. Modal verbs like may , might , and could are often used with this expression.

6. This study aims to

Describes the goal of the research and is a form phrase very often used in the research objective or even the hypothesis of a research paper .

7. Despite its significance

Highlights the importance of a matter that might be overlooked. It is also frequently used in the rationale of the study section to show how your study’s aim and scope build on previous studies.

8. While numerous studies have focused on

Indicates the existing body of work on a topic while pointing to the shortcomings of certain aspects of that research. Helps focus the reader on the question, “What is missing from our knowledge of this topic?” This is often used alongside the statement of the problem in research papers.

9. The purpose of this research is

A form phrase that directly states the aim of the study.

10. The question arises (about/whether)

Poses a query or research problem statement for the reader to acknowledge.

Best Words and Phrases for Clarifying Information

11. in other words.

Introduces a synopsis or the rephrasing of a statement for clarity. This is often used in the Discussion section statement to explain the implications of the study .

12. That is to say

Provides clarification, similar to “in other words.”

13. To put it simply

Simplifies a complex idea, often for a more general readership.

14. To clarify

Specifically indicates to the reader a direct elaboration of a previous point.

15. More specifically

Narrows down a general statement from a broader one. Often used in the Discussion section to clarify the meaning of a specific result.

16. To elaborate

Expands on a point made previously.

17. In detail

Indicates a deeper dive into information.

Points out specifics. Similar meaning to “specifically” or “especially.”

19. This means that

Explains implications and/or interprets the meaning of the Results section .

20. Moreover

Expands a prior point to a broader one that shows the greater context or wider argument.

Best Words and Phrases for Giving Examples

21. for instance.

Provides a specific case that fits into the point being made.

22. As an illustration

Demonstrates a point in full or in part.

23. To illustrate

Shows a clear picture of the point being made.

24. For example

Presents a particular instance. Same meaning as “for instance.”

25. Such as

Lists specifics that comprise a broader category or assertion being made.

26. Including

Offers examples as part of a larger list.

27. Notably

Adverb highlighting an important example. Similar meaning to “especially.”

28. Especially

Adverb that emphasizes a significant instance.

29. In particular

Draws attention to a specific point.

30. To name a few

Indicates examples than previously mentioned are about to be named.

Best Words and Phrases for Comparing and Contrasting

31. however.

Introduces a contrasting idea.

32. On the other hand

Highlights an alternative view or fact.

33. Conversely

Indicates an opposing or reversed idea to the one just mentioned.

34. Similarly

Shows likeness or parallels between two ideas, objects, or situations.

35. Likewise

Indicates agreement with a previous point.

36. In contrast

Draws a distinction between two points.

37. Nevertheless

Introduces a contrasting point, despite what has been said.

38. Whereas

Compares two distinct entities or ideas.

Indicates a contrast between two points.

Signals an unexpected contrast.

Best Words and Phrases to use in a Conclusion section

41. in conclusion.

Signifies the beginning of the closing argument.

42. To sum up

Offers a brief summary.

43. In summary

Signals a concise recap.

44. Ultimately

Reflects the final or main point.

45. Overall

Gives a general concluding statement.

Indicates a resulting conclusion.

Demonstrates a logical conclusion.

48. Therefore

Connects a cause and its effect.

49. It can be concluded that

Clearly states a conclusion derived from the data.

50. Taking everything into consideration

Reflects on all the discussed points before concluding.

Edit Your Research Terms and Phrases Before Submission

Using these phrases in the proper places in your research papers can enhance the clarity, flow, and persuasiveness of your writing, especially in the Introduction section and Discussion section, which together make up the majority of your paper’s text in most academic domains.

However, it's vital to ensure each phrase is contextually appropriate to avoid redundancy or misinterpretation. As mentioned at the top of this article, the best way to do this is to 1) use an AI text editor , free AI paraphrasing tool or AI proofreading tool while you draft to enhance your writing, and 2) consult a professional proofreading service like Wordvice, which has human editors well versed in the terminology and conventions of the specific subject area of your academic documents.

For more detailed information on using AI tools to write a research paper and the best AI tools for research , check out the Wordvice AI Blog .

2000 Word Essay Examples & Topic Ideas

How meth affects women and their children.

• Subjects: Health & Medicine Healthcare Research
• Words: 2001

The History Of The Republican George Herbert Walker Bush

• Subjects: American Ex-Presidents History
• Words: 2066

Foundations of Earth Science

• Subjects: Astronomy Sciences
• Words: 2005

Components of the original IDEA

• Subjects: Approach to Learning Education
• Words: 2050

Medicine in Ancient Rome

• Subjects: Ancient History History
• Words: 2051

Cezanne’s Sense of Color

• Subjects: Art Artists
• Words: 2053

Fashion and Appearance

• Subjects: Design Fashion
• Words: 2073

Structural Issues That Stem From the Merger of Two Organisations

• Subjects: Business Management

Economic Uncertainty Requires More Flexible Budgeting Systems

• Subjects: Economic Systems & Principles Economics
• Words: 2099

The Picture of Arabic Feminist

• Subjects: History Women Studies
• Words: 2054

Impact of National Culture on Entrepreneurial Activity

• Subjects: Business Employees Management
• Words: 2017

Growth of China’s Economy

• Words: 2016

How useful is the term ‘fascism’ when applied generically to describe the far right in interwar Europe?

• Subjects: History Western Europe
• Words: 2082

Global Warming and Coral Reefs

• Subjects: Environment Global Warming
• Words: 2026

Advertisement Description: Critical/Contextual Analysis

• Subjects: Advertising Entertainment & Media
• Words: 2096

Foucault on the Way Formal Institutions Regulate, Discipline or Train Us to Become Certain Kinds of Persons (Subjects)

• Subjects: Education Education Theories

Portrayal of the Characters in the Original Text

• Subjects: American Literature Literature
• Words: 2088

HR and Sustainability: Australian Tourism and Hospitality

• Subjects: Business Organizational Planning
• Words: 2018

Bureaucracy is the Best Way to Deliver Change and Innovation in an Organization

• Words: 2031

Relativism Definition in Philosophy

• Subjects: Cultural Issues Culture
• Words: 2023

The Place of Media in the Public Sphere

• Subjects: Entertainment & Media Media Influences
• Words: 2013

Elviswald Code of Ethics

• Subjects: Business Business Ethics
• Words: 2093

Senior Leadership Team and Its Characteristics

• Words: 2047

Facilities Management & Design

• Words: 2004

Medical Laboratory Quality Systems and Accreditation

• Subjects: Administration and Regulation Health & Medicine
• Words: 2056

The design and implementation of sets of ‘strategic’ human resource practices continues to lack coherence and consistency

• Words: 2055

Human Capital Management in the US’s Healthcare Industry

• Words: 2032

Locative Media and Communication by Physical Implementation

• Subjects: Other Technology Tech & Engineering

A matter of cost cutting measures

• Subjects: Business Case Study
• Words: 2022

Management: Information Technology – Information Assurance

• Words: 2049

Decision Making

• Words: 2100

“Glory ” a American War Movie by Edward Zwick

• Subjects: Art Film Studies
• Words: 2000

Culture Clash as a Great Conflict

• Subjects: Sociological Issues Sociology
• Words: 2046

Project Hope International

• Words: 2008

Performance Management in McDonald’s

• Subjects: Brand Management Business
• Words: 2079

R&B and Hip-Hop Effect Western Music

• Subjects: Art Singers
• Words: 2015

Assessment of effective critical analysis of PR and RM to successful promotion of an international event

• Words: 2095

Effectiveness of Public Relations & Relationship Marketing to the Successful Promotion of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games

• Subjects: Business Impact of Business Issues
• Words: 2045

Veterans Health Administration System Development Lifecycle

• Subjects: Project Management Tech & Engineering
• Words: 2029

What kind of Canada did the stores help to create?

• Subjects: Canada History

Capabilities of Market-Driven Organizations

Turning points in the history of the middle east.

• Subjects: Asia History

Youth Antisocial Behaviour: Britain

Critical/contextual analysis, the strategy experience: the lab for students, the movie “into the storm”.

• Subjects: Historical Figures History

The Global Political Economy

• Subjects: Economics Political Economy Processes

Marketing Plan for an Elderly Home

• Subjects: Business Strategy
• Words: 2007

Recruitment and Selection Strategies Recommendations

Process and change management: ducab manufacturing company.

• Words: 2074

The Representation of Valuable or Treasured Objects in Fantasy Novels

• Subjects: Literature Poems

Total Rewards Program Development

Dalai lama and buddhism tradition.

• Subjects: Religion Religion, Culture & Society

The Impact of the Arabian Spring on the Citizens’ Decision

• Subjects: International Relations Politics & Government
• Words: 2042

Strategic Management Case Analysis: Glenmark

Pros and cons of waterfall model.

• Subjects: Programming Tech & Engineering

Trendr Information Technology Strategic Plan

G20 and g2 unions versus european union.

• Subjects: International Organizations Politics & Government
• Words: 2076

Collaboration Technology and Innovation

• Subjects: Business Marketing
• Words: 2002

Learning of Environment Sustainability in Education

• Subjects: Environment Environmental Processes
• Words: 2094

Importance of Managing Cultural Diversity in the Hospitality Industry

• Subjects: Business Corporate Culture

The Strategic Competencies of Delivering Gifts

• Words: 2048

Genetically Modified Foods Projects

• Subjects: Genetics Sciences

Franchising in Kazakhstan

• Words: 2033

The Effects of the US Army Corp Engineers Lock and Dam System on Recreation

• Subjects: Environment Environmental Studies
• Words: 2003

Managing Students With Disabilities

• Subjects: Education Special Education
• Words: 2087

College Writing Skills Summary

• Subjects: Education Writing & Assignments
• Words: 2041

The Traditional and Modern Myths

• Subjects: Literature Mythology
• Words: 2097

Cultural Conflict Between Christian Western Countries and Islamic Countries of the East

Disobedient customers and employee turnover intentions.

• Subjects: Consumer Science Economics

Interpretation of Hebrews 12:6-14

• Subjects: Religion Religious Education

Challenges for Management in 21st Century

• Subjects: Business Managerial Duties
• Words: 2038

Historical Political Event: The Marshall Plan

• Subjects: History World History

Gender and Sex Tourism

• Subjects: Tourism World Tourism

Compare and contrast Germon’s account of intersex in ‘dangerous desires: intersex

• Subjects: Gender Studies Sociology

Library Information System Improvement

Bantu education in south africa, international opportunities for small firms.

• Subjects: Business International Marketing

Dyslexia: Definition, Causes, Characteristics

• Subjects: Health & Medicine Neurology

Australian System of Employment Relations

• Subjects: Business Employee Relationships

Leadership and Influence

Operational management problem faced by chick-fil-a, person-centered approach vs. cognitive-behavioral approach.

• Subjects: Cognition and Perception Psychology

Influence Physical Environment on Human Psychology

• Subjects: Psychological Principles Psychology
• Words: 2036

Social and Organisational Issues in Project Management

The korean march first movement.

• Words: 2009

Language and Culture Interaction in English Language Teaching

• Subjects: Literature World Literature
• Words: 2061

Maternal Mortality: Situations, Policies and Programs

Thinking critically and making judgments.

• Subjects: Religion Theology

John Rawls’ A Theory of Justice

• Subjects: Philosophical Theories Philosophy
• Words: 2063

Labor migration and remittances in the middle east

• Subjects: Immigration Sociology
• Words: 2068

Torture in China: Then and Now

Big business in america.

• Subjects: History United States
• Words: 2014

Popular Culture and Daily Life. Electric Shadows by Xiao Jiang

Biotechnology development and the u.s. economic hegemony.

• Subjects: Engineering Tech & Engineering

Innovating Lean Production in Portakabin

• Subjects: Business Industry

Supernova Stars

Aurelius, marcus. the meditations, bric opportunities, risks and strategies for nz firms, domestic violence against south asian women.

• Subjects: Sociology Violence

How Proxemics Supports the Nonverbal Expectancy Violations Theory

• Subjects: Communications Sociology

Raising a Child With High Self Esteem

• Subjects: Child Psychology Psychology

Stages of a Married Woman with Children

• Subjects: Psychological Issues Psychology

Streaming in/for the New Economy (Sociology of Education)

• Subjects: Aspects of Education Education
• Words: 2034

Designing a Just Socio-Economic System

• Subjects: Ethics Sociology

Childhood in the Multimedia Age

United russia and dominant parties.

• Subjects: Government Politics & Government
• Words: 2086

Is Bruce a Competent Manager?

• Subjects: Business Business Controversies

Effectiveness of the Group Minds

• Subjects: Applications of Psychology Psychology
• Words: 2030

Women in management

• Words: 2069

Ethics of Death Penalty

• Subjects: Criminal Law Law
• Words: 2035

Jane Austen and Convention of the Gothic

• Subjects: British Literature Literature

United States War on Terror Policy

• Subjects: Terrorism Prevention Warfare

Ethics and Moral Reasoning

• Words: 2020

Aggression Studies in Modern World

• Subjects: Behavior Psychology

Impacts of Economic Globalisation in Australia since The 1980s

• Subjects: Economics Globalization

Management theories

Racial diversity in the united states.

• Subjects: Cultural Diversity Culture

Organizational Effectiveness

Outcome and session evaluation in psychotherapy.

Writing a 2000-word essay may seem overwhelming at first, especially if you’ve dealt with smaller tasks before. However, writing such a paper is the next step in your educational process. Two thousand words length is typical for critical writing assignments, movie reports and reviews, book reviews, reports of all kinds, and research papers.

You may face the need to compose a 2000-word task at any moment and in any class. Here are the basics of writing a paper of this length with hot, relevant, and interesting topics you may cover. And if you’re looking for more inspiring samples, check the page with free essays online for students !

• 🏆 Best Topics for 2024
• 📝 Research Paper Examples
• 💡 Report Topic Ideas
• 👫 Peer Pressure Essay Examples

✏️ How to Write a 2000 Words Essay

• 📃 Essay on Integrity: Examples
• 📣 Persuasive Essay Prompts
• ✅ Argumentative Essay Examples
• 🌎 Globalization Essay Samples

🏆 Best 2000 Words Paper Topics for 2024

Here are a couple of 2000-word essay topics you may borrow or tweak a bit to present an interesting, well-researched, and thought-provoking paper.

• The promise and failure of multicultural education.
• Pros and cons of religious education at schools.
• Misinformation and lack of access to data about climate change.
• Can households play a role in air pollution decrease?
• The contribution of social media to medical care quality.
• Psychology and physiology of living with allergy.
• Pros and cons of a vegetarian diet for a child.
• The medication addiction epidemic in the USA.
• Alternatives to animal testing.
• Ethics behind placebo treatment.
• Pros and cons of child vaccination.
• The role of standardized testing in public education.
• Ethical and legal concerns of metal detector setup at schools.
• Social media and peer communication at schools.
• Modern technologies for educating blind and deaf children.
• Alternatives to paper usage for tree protection.
• The real magnitude of deforestation.
• The science behind GMO products’ impact on human health.
• The ethical problem of beauty contests.
• Long-term impact of violent games on children’s temperament.

📝 2000 Word Research Paper Examples

• Flooding Problem in Philippines Flooding affects every region of the Philippines neighborhood, and several low-lying regions in the Manila City, such as Espino, Taft, Malabo, and Valenzuela, are usually among the worst hit in every series of flooding that […]
• I Have a Dream Speech Analysis The speech has become a symbol of a new era of freedom and symbol of the American civil rights movement.”I Have a Dream” is a representation of the “America Dream” about a free and equal […]
• Tesla Globalization: A Strategic Marketing Plan + Expansion Strategy First, it is worth mentioning that, according to the company’s website, the mission of the business is to manufacture and promote a product that would allow for a more sustainable use of the natural environment.
• Greek and Roman Theatre Differences The design was further involved in the seat arrangement that ensured that the actors were clearly heard by the people on the uppermost semicircular bench of the theater.
• Pros and Cons of Hosting the World Cup Considering that grants would be obtained from FIFA to partly support the preparation, the revenue body in the state would benefit from such grant and the developments that will be carried out with the support […]
• PepsiCo Leadership Style: Indra Nooyi Leadership Style Indra Nooyi ensures the long-term sustainable performance of PepsiCo with her leadership approach that is focused on collaboration and is considered to be extremely significant for the whole company.
• “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” Symbolism In the context of the “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”, the pentangle brings together the influence of “the five virtues, the five wounds of Christ, the five senses, the five joys of Mary the […]

💡 Topic Ideas for a 2000 Word Report

If you’re tasked to write a 2000 words essay, sample topics in the following list can help you out. They are suitable for lab report-type writing on a variety of subjects.

• Straw panel manufacturing for eco-friendly housing.
• Alternative energy source use in your location.
• New statistical applications in medicine.
• Exploring plant photosynthesis on the example of kale.
• Preventing unauthorized access: lab report in cybersecurity.
• Blood sugar regulation.
• In-vitro antimicrobial activity of rosemary.
• Hematological parameters of malaria patients.
• Microbial analysis of expired bread.
• Water quality analysis.
• Impact of local spices and herbs on community health.
• Correlates of yeast cell absorption speed.
• Emotional regulation in children.
• Environmental pollution: local parameters.
• Dehydration of cyclohexanol .
• Wind engine use: a case study of local practices.
• Impact of noise level on the nervous system’s resilience.
• Quality of detergents.
• Computer modeling of gait.
• Caffeine levels in tea and coffee.

👫 2000 Words Peer Pressure Essay Examples

• Friends’ Influence and Peer Pressure in Adolescents The list of physical and emotional transformations happening to the young people during adolescence is universal; the processes are the same for all teenagers.
• Online Peer Support Groups for Depression and Anxiety Disorder The main objective of peer support groups is connecting people with the same life experiences and challenges to share and support each other in healing and recovery.
• A Peer Intervention Program to Reduce Smoking Rates Among LGBTQ Therefore, the presumed results of the project are its introduction into the health care system, which will promote a healthy lifestyle and diminish the level of smoking among LGBTQ people in the SESLHD.
• Bullying and Peer Abuse Especially at work, targets fear coming to work and this will have an adverse result in the efficiency of the staff in the hospital.
• The Influence of Peer Groups on Youth Crime The impact of youth crime on the community is profound, and so is the influence of criminal behavior on the lives of adolescents.

Overall, a 2000-word essay doesn’t differ from other essay types. It should also have an introductory part, a particular number of body paragraphs, and a concluding section with major insights you’ve derived from research. Since this essay type can be 7-8 pages long, it makes sense to divide the content into sections and cover each of them in several paragraphs.

2000-Word Essay Structure

The structure of your 2000-word essay will largely depend on the professor’s prompt. If the tutor requires a more structured paper, you can divide the content into several sections and dwell on every aspect in a couple of paragraphs each. It is not typical for 2000-word essays to have a separate literature review – you may have one in a report or research paper, but essays usually favor a more integrated presentation of literature in the body of the paper. Thus, overall, the essay should have an introduction with a thesis statement, body paragraphs, and a conclusion with main findings and inferences. As the intro and conclusion take 10% of the word count each, you should expect the body of the paper to have around 1500-1600 words, which translates into 10-15 body paragraphs.

Consider using the outline generator if a 2000-word essay structure is challenging for you.

2000-Word Essay Introduction

The essay’s introduction usually takes 10% of the paper’s length, but short essays may have even 20% taken by the introductory section. When we’re talking about a 2000-word essay, 7-10% will be totally fine to cover the broad context, background, and thesis statement of the paper after introducing the essay’s main subject. This way, you should allocate 150-200 words to the introduction of this essay.

Try the thesis statement tool if you’re stuck making a thesis statement. And check our research introduction maker and hook sentence generator if you want to prepare your introduction in no time.

2000-Word Essay Conclusion

Similar to the introduction, a 2000-word essay’s conclusion may also take 150-200 words, which equals 7-10% of the essay’s length. It should summarize the key points you have discussed and derive the main takeaways from every argument or body section you’ve had in the essay.

Check our closing sentence generator to formulate a closing paragraph for your essay.

How Many References Should I Use in a 2000 Word Paper?

It depends on the specific task your supervisor has set and the academic level at which you’re studying. A rule of thumb is to have 8-12 references for every 1,000 words of text. Thus, your 2000-word essay should have around 20 unique sources to comply with the professor’s requirements and academic standards.

📃 Examples of 2000-word Essay on Integrity

• Media Law and Ethics: Integrity in Media Broadcasting The concept of integrity makes one earn the respect of the society, while the opposite draws insolence and ridicule from the members of the community.
• Corruption and Integrity in Modern World The difference in the levels of corruption in these countries is a result of different parameters and at the same time, the effects are diverse.
• Corruption and Corporate and Personal Integrity Bribery, embezzlement of funds and illegitimate procurement always impose extra and unjustified costs to the cost of acquiring public services and damages the credibility of those institutions that are involved in the vice.
• Academic Integrity: Plagiarism and Academic Dishonesty Some of the most significant issues he highlights include the following: The quality of information on the web varies significantly While internet search may help to narrow down on a topic, it may erode the […]

📣 2000 Words Persuasive Essay Prompts

Here are a couple of prompts that can help you craft a 2000 words example essay for a high grade. Feel free to use them or tweak the prompts so that they match your individual task.

Time Management Essay 2000 Words

Discuss the concept of time management and analyze its significance for people’s education, employment, and attainment of life goals. Give examples of the positive impact of good time management on people’s quality of life across domains. Focus on one or several time management techniques, explain their basis and principles, and give instructions for adopting better time management habits.

Essay about Social Networking 2000 Words

Discuss the existing social networks and their history of emergence and mass adoption. Analyze research findings about the pros and cons of reliance on social media and evaluate the arguments of opponents and proponents. Talk about the negative impact of social media on academic achievement and the potential implications of blocking social media use at schools. Consider several cases of teachers’ social media image scandals, such as inappropriate behavior and dressing in social media posts.

2000 Word Essay on Accountability in the Army

Examine the concept of accountability as such and apply it to a narrower field – army service. Talk about the variety of officers’ accountability obligations during army service, covering their duty to treat army property, documents, and funds with due care. Examine various shades of meaning of army officers’ accountability – in civil service and on the battlefield (e.g., joint action and decision-making). Evaluate the importance of accountability in the army and discuss the organs and entities keeping those duties under control.

A Dangerous Experience Essay 2000 Words

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This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

Published on 14.8.2024 in Vol 26 (2024)

Cancer Prevention and Treatment on Chinese Social Media: Machine Learning–Based Content Analysis Study

Authors of this article:

Original Paper

• Keyang Zhao 1 * , DPhil   ; 
• Xiaojing Li 1, 2 * , Prof Dr   ; 
• Jingyang Li 3 , DPhil  

1 School of Media & Communication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

2 Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

3 School of Software, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

*these authors contributed equally

Corresponding Author:

Xiaojing Li, Prof Dr

School of Media & Communication

Shanghai Jiao Tong University

800 Dongchuan Rd.

Minhang District

Shanghai, 200240

Phone: 86 13918611103

Fax:86 21 34207088

Email: [email protected]

Background: Nowadays, social media plays a crucial role in disseminating information about cancer prevention and treatment. A growing body of research has focused on assessing access and communication effects of cancer information on social media. However, there remains a limited understanding of the comprehensive presentation of cancer prevention and treatment methods across social media platforms. Furthermore, research comparing the differences between medical social media (MSM) and common social media (CSM) is also lacking.

Objective: Using big data analytics, this study aims to comprehensively map the characteristics of cancer treatment and prevention information on MSM and CSM. This approach promises to enhance cancer coverage and assist patients in making informed treatment decisions.

Methods: We collected all posts (N=60,843) from 4 medical WeChat official accounts (accounts with professional medical backgrounds, classified as MSM in this paper) and 5 health and lifestyle WeChat official accounts (accounts with nonprofessional medical backgrounds, classified as CSM in this paper). We applied latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling to extract cancer-related posts (N=8427) and identified 6 cancer themes separately in CSM and MSM. After manually labeling posts according to our codebook, we used a neural-based method for automated labeling. Specifically, we framed our task as a multilabel task and utilized different pretrained models, such as Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and Global Vectors for Word Representation (GloVe), to learn document-level semantic representations for labeling.

Results: We analyzed a total of 4479 articles from MSM and 3948 articles from CSM related to cancer. Among these, 35.52% (2993/8427) contained prevention information and 44.43% (3744/8427) contained treatment information. Themes in CSM were predominantly related to lifestyle, whereas MSM focused more on medical aspects. The most frequently mentioned prevention measures were early screening and testing, healthy diet, and physical exercise. MSM mentioned vaccinations for cancer prevention more frequently compared with CSM. Both types of media provided limited coverage of radiation prevention (including sun protection) and breastfeeding. The most mentioned treatment measures were surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Compared with MSM (1137/8427, 13.49%), CSM (2993/8427, 35.52%) focused more on prevention.

Conclusions: The information about cancer prevention and treatment on social media revealed a lack of balance. The focus was primarily limited to a few aspects, indicating a need for broader coverage of prevention measures and treatments in social media. Additionally, the study’s findings underscored the potential of applying machine learning to content analysis as a promising research approach for mapping key dimensions of cancer information on social media. These findings hold methodological and practical significance for future studies and health promotion.

Introduction

In 2020, 4.57 million new cancer cases were reported in China, accounting for 23.7% of the world’s total [ 1 ]. Many of these cancers, however, can be prevented [ 2 , 3 ]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 30%-50% of cancers could be avoided through early detection and by reducing exposure to known lifestyle and environmental risks [ 4 ]. This underscores the imperative to advance education on cancer prevention and treatment.

Mass media serves not only as a primary channel for disseminating cancer information but also as a potent force in shaping the public health agenda [ 5 , 6 ]. Previous studies have underscored the necessity of understanding how specific cancer-related content is presented in the media. For example, the specific cancer types frequently mentioned in news reports have the potential to influence the public’s perception of the actual incidence of cancer [ 7 ].

Nowadays, social media plays an essential role in disseminating health information, coordinating resources, and promoting health campaigns aimed at educating individuals about prevention measures [ 8 ]. Additionally, it influences patients’ decision-making processes regarding treatment [ 9 ]. A study revealed that social media use correlates with increased awareness of cancer screening in the general population [ 10 ]. In recent years, there has been a notable surge in studies evaluating cancer-related content on social media. However, previous studies often focused on specific cancer types [ 11 ] and limited aspects of cancer-related issues [ 12 ]. The most recent comprehensive systematic content analysis of cancer coverage, conducted in 2013, indicated that cancer news coverage has heavily focused on treatment, while devoting very little attention to prevention, detection, or coping [ 13 ].

Evaluating cancer prevention information on social media is crucial for future efforts by health educators and cancer control organizations. Moreover, providing reliable medical information to individuals helps alleviate feelings of fear and uncertainty [ 14 ]. Specifically, patients often seek information online when making critical treatment decisions, such as chemotherapy [ 15 ]. Therefore, it is significant to comprehensively evaluate the types of treatment information available on social media.

Although many studies have explored cancer-related posts from the perspectives of patients with cancer [ 16 ] and caregivers [ 17 ], the analysis of posts from medical professionals has been found to be inadequate [ 18 ]. This paradox arises from the expectation that medical professionals, given their professional advantages, should take the lead in providing cancer education on social media. Nevertheless, a significant number of studies have highlighted the prevalence of unreliable medical information on social media [ 19 ]. A Japanese study highlighted a concerning phenomenon: despite efforts by medical professionals to promote cancer screening online, a significant number of antiscreening activists disseminated contradictory messages on the internet, potentially undermining the effectiveness of cancer education initiatives [ 20 ]. Hence, there is an urgent need for the accurate dissemination of health information on social media, with greater involvement from scientists or professional institutions, to combat the spread of misinformation [ 21 ]. Despite efforts to study professional medical websites [ 22 ] and apps [ 23 ], there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding of the content posted on medical social media (MSM). Further study is thus needed to compare the differences between cancer information on social media from professional medical sources and nonprofessional sources to enhance cancer education.

For this study, we defined social media as internet-based platforms characterized by social interactive functions such as reading, commenting, retweeting, and timely interaction [ 24 ]. Based on this definition, we further classified 2 types of media based on ownership, content, and contributors: common social media (CSM) and MSM. MSM refers to social media platforms owned by professional medical institutions or organizations. It primarily provides medical and health information by medical professionals, including medical-focused accounts on social media and mobile health apps. CSM refers to social media owned or managed by individuals without medical backgrounds. It mainly provides health and lifestyle content.

Similar to Facebook (Meta Platforms, Inc.), WeChat (Tencent Holdings Limited) is the most popular social media platform in China, installed on more than 90% of smartphones. Zhang et al [ 25 ] has indicated that 63.26% of people prefer to obtain health information from WeChat. Unlike other Chinese social media platforms, WeChat has a broader user base that spans various age groups [ 26 ]. WeChat Public Accounts (WPAs) operate within the WeChat platform, offering services and information to the public. Many hospitals and primary care institutions in China have increasingly registered WPAs to provide health care services, medical information, health education, and more [ 27 ]. Therefore, this study selected WPA as the focus of research.

Based on big data analytics, this study aims to comprehensively map the characteristics of cancer treatment and prevention information on MSM and CSM, which could significantly enhance cancer coverage and assist patients in treatment decision-making. To address the aforementioned research gaps, 2 research questions were formulated.

• Research question 1: What are the characteristics of cancer prevention information discussed on social media? What are the differences between MSM and CSM?
• Research question 2: What are the characteristics of cancer treatment information discussed on social media? What are the differences between MSM and CSM?

Data Collection and Processing

We selected representative WPAs based on the reports from the “Ranking of Influential Health WeChat Public Accounts” [ 28 ] and the “2021 National Rankings of Best Hospitals by Specialty” [ 29 ]. In this study, we focused on 4 medical WPAs within MSM: Doctor Dingxiang (丁香医生), 91Huayi (华医网), The Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (中国医学科学院肿瘤医院), and Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (复旦大学附属肿瘤医院). We also selected 5 health and lifestyle WeChat Official Accounts classified as CSM for this study: Health Times (健康时报), Family Doctor (家庭医生), CCTV Lifestyle (CCTV 生活圈), Road to Health (健康之路), and Life Times (生命时报).

We implemented a Python-based (Python Foundation) crawler to retrieve posts from the aforementioned WPAs. Subsequently, we implemented a filtration process to eliminate noisy and unreliable data. Note that our focus is on WPAs that provide substantial information, defined as containing no fewer than a certain number of characters. We have deleted documents that contain less than 100 Chinese characters. Furthermore, we have removed figures and videos from the remaining documents. Eventually, we conducted an analysis at the paragraph level. According to our findings from random sampling, noise in articles from WPAs mostly originates from advertisements, which are typically found in specific paragraphs. Therefore, we retained only paragraphs that did not contain advertising keywords. In total, we collected 60,843 posts from these WPAs, comprising 20,654 articles from MSM and 40,189 articles from CSM.

The workflow chart in Figure 1 depicts all procedures following data collection and preprocessing. After obtaining meaningful raw documents, we performed word-level segmentation on the texts. We then removed insignificant stopwords and replaced specific types of cancers with a general term to facilitate coarse-grained latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA)–based filtering. Subsequently, we conducted fine-grained LDA topic modeling on the filtered documents without replacing keywords to visualize the topics extracted from the WPAs. Furthermore, we utilized a manually labeled codebook to train a long short-term memory (LSTM) network for document classification into various categories. Finally, we performed data analysis using both the topic distribution derived from fine-grained LDA and the classified documents.

Latent Dirichlet Allocation Topic Modeling

LDA is a generative statistical model that explains sets of observations by latent groups, revealing why some parts of the data are similar [ 30 ]. The LDA algorithm can speculate on the topic distribution of a document.

When comparing LDA with other natural language processing methods such as LSTM-based deep learning, it is worth noting that LDA stands out as an unsupervised learning algorithm. Unlike its counterparts, LDA has the ability to uncover hidden topics without relying on labeled training data. Its strength lies in its capability to automatically identify latent topics within documents by analyzing statistical patterns of word co-occurrences. In addition, LDA provides interpretable outcomes by assigning a probability distribution to each document, representing its association with various topics. Similarly, it assigns a probability distribution to each topic, indicating the prevalence of specific words within that topic. This feature enables researchers to understand the principal themes present in their corpus and the extent to which these themes are manifested in individual documents.

The foundational principle of LDA involves using probabilistic inference to estimate the distribution of topics and word allocations. Specifically, LDA assumes that each document is composed of a mixture of a small number of topics, and each word’s presence can be attributed to one of these topics. This approach allows for overlapping content among documents, rather than strict categorization into separate groups. For a deeper understanding of the technical and theoretical aspects of the LDA algorithm, readers are encouraged to refer to the research conducted by Blei et al [ 30 ]. In this context, our primary focus was on the application of the algorithm to our corpus, and the procedure is outlined in the following sections.

Document Selection

Initially, document selection involves using a methodological approach to sample documents from the corpus, which may include random selection or be guided by predetermined criteria such as document relevance or popularity within the social media context.

Topic Inference

Utilizing LDA or a similar topic modeling technique, we infer the underlying topical structure within each document. This involves modeling documents as mixtures of latent topics represented by a Dirichlet distribution, from which topic proportions are sampled.

Topic Assignment to Words

After determining topic proportions, we proceed to assign topics to individual words in the document. Using a multinomial distribution, each word is probabilistically associated with one of the inferred topics based on the previously derived topic proportions.

Word Distribution Estimation

Each topic is characterized by a distinct distribution over the vocabulary, representing the likelihood of observing specific words within that topic. Using a Dirichlet distribution, we estimate the word distribution for each inferred topic.

Word Generation

Finally, using the multinomial distribution again, we generate words for the document by sampling from the estimated word distribution corresponding to the topic assigned to each word. This iterative process produces synthetic text that mirrors the statistical properties of the original corpus.

To filter out noncancer-related documents in our case, we replaced cancer-related words with “癌症” (cancer or tumor in Chinese) in all documents. We then conducted an LDA analysis to compute the topic distribution of each document and retained documents related to topics where “癌症” appears among the top 10 words.

In our study, we used Python packages such as jieba and gensim for document segmentation and extracting per-topic-per-word probabilities from the model. During segmentation, we applied a stopword dictionary to filter out meaningless words and transformed each document into a cleaned version containing only meaningful words.

During the LDA analysis, to determine the optimal number of topics, our main goal was to compute the topic coherence for various numbers of topics and select the model that yielded the highest coherence score. Coherence measures the interpretability of each topic by assessing whether the words within the same topic are logically associated with each other. The higher the score for a specific number k , the more closely related the words are within that topic. In this phase, we used the Python package pyLDAvis to compare coherence scores with different numbers of topics. Subsequently, we filtered and retained only the documents related to cancer topics, resulting in 4479 articles from MSM and 3948 articles from CSM.

Among the filtered articles, we conducted another LDA analysis to extract topics from the original articles without replacing cancer-related words. Using pyLDAvis, we calculated the coherence score and identified 6 topics for both MSM and CSM articles.

To visualize the topic modeling results, we created bar graphs where the y-axis indicates the top 10 keywords associated with each topic, and the x-axis represents the weight of each keyword (indicating its contribution to the topic). At the bottom of each graph ( Figures 2 and 3 ), we generalized and presented the name of each topic based on the top 10 most relevant keywords.

Manual Content Analysis: Coding Procedure

Based on the codebook, 2 independent coders (KZ and JL) engaged in discussions regarding the coding rules to ensure a shared understanding of the conceptual and operational distinctions among the coding items. To ensure the reliability of the coding process, both coders independently coded 100 randomly selected articles. Upon completion of the pilot coding, any disagreements were resolved through discussion between the 2 coders.

For the subsequent coding phase, each coder was assigned an equitable proportion of articles, with 10% of the cancer-related articles randomly sampled from both MSM samples (450/4479) and CSM samples (394/3948). Manual coding was performed on a total of 844 articles, which served as the training data set for the machine learning model. The operational definitions of each coding variable are detailed in Multimedia Appendix 1 .

Coding Measures

Cancer prevention measures.

Coders identified whether an article mentioned any of the following cancer prevention measures [ 31 - 35 ]: (1) avoid tobacco use, (2) maintain a healthy weight, (3) healthy diet, (4) exercise regularly, (5) limit alcohol use, (6) get vaccinated, (7) reduce exposure to ultraviolet radiation and ionizing radiation, (8) avoid urban air pollution and indoor smoke from household use of solid fuels, (9) early screening and detection, (10) breastfeeding, (11) controlling chronic infections, and (12) other prevention measures.

Cancer Treatment Measures

Coders identified whether an article mentioned any of the following treatments [ 36 ]: (1) surgery (including cryotherapy, lasers, hyperthermia, photodynamic therapy, cuts with scalpels), (2) radiotherapy, (3) chemotherapy, (4) immunotherapy, (5) targeted therapy, (6) hormone therapy, (7) stem cell transplant, (8) precision medicine, (9) cancer biomarker testing, and (10) other treatment measures.

Neural-Based Machine Learning

In this part, we attempted to label each article using a neural network. As mentioned earlier, we manually labeled 450 MSM articles and 394 CSM articles. We divided the labeled data into a training set and a test set with a ratio of 4:1. We adopted the pretrained Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model. As BERT can only accept inputs with fewer than 512 tokens [ 37 ], we segmented each document into pieces of 510 tokens (accounting for BERT’s automatic [CLS] and [SEP] tokens, where [CLS] denotes the start of a sentence or a document, and [SEP] denotes the end of a sentence or a document) with an overlap of 384 tokens between adjacent pieces. We began by utilizing a BERT-based encoder to encode each piece and predict its labels using a multioutput decoder. After predicting labels for each piece, we pooled the outputs for all pieces within the same document and used an LSTM network to predict final labels for each document.

Ethical Considerations

This study did not require institutional research board review as it did not involve interactions with humans or other living entities, private or personally identifiable information, or any pharmaceuticals or medical devices. The data set consists solely of publicly available social media posts.

Cancer Topics on Social Media

Applying LDA, we identified 6 topics each for MSM and CSM articles. The distribution of topics among MSM and CSM is presented in Table 1 , while the keyword weights for each topic are illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 .

a In each article, different topics may appear at the same time. Therefore, the total frequency of each topic did not equate to the total number of 8427 articles.

b To ensure the accuracy of the results, directly translating sampled texts from Chinese into English posed challenges due to differences in semantic elements. In English, cancer screening refers to detecting the possibility of cancer before symptoms appear, while diagnostic tests confirm the presence of cancer after symptoms are observed. However, in Chinese, the term “检查” encompasses both meanings. Therefore, we translated it as both screening and testing.

Among MSM articles, topic 5 was the most frequent (2548/8427, 30.24%), followed by topic 6 (1741/8427, 20.66%) and topic 2 (1611/8427, 19.12%). Both topics 5 and 6 focused on clinical treatments, with topic 5 specifically emphasizing cancer diagnosis. The keywords in topic 6, such as “polyp,” “tumor,” and “surgery,” emphasized the risk and diagnosis of precancerous lesions. Topic 2 primarily focused on cancer surgeries related to breast cancer, lung cancer, and ovarian cancer. The results indicate that MSM articles concentrated on specific cancers with higher incidence in China, including stomach cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, and cervical cancer [ 10 ].

On CSM, topic 4 (1947/8427, 23.10%) had the highest proportion, followed by topic 5 (1790/8427, 21.24%) and topic 3 (1599/8427, 18.97%). Topic 6 had the smallest proportion. Topics 1 and 4 were related to lifestyle. Topic 1 particularly focused on cancer-causing substances, with keywords such as “food,” “nutrition,” and “carcinogen” appearing most frequently. Topic 4 was centered around exercise, diet, and their impact on cancer risk. Topics 3 and 5 were oriented toward cancer screening and diagnosis. Topic 3 specifically focused on female-related cancers, with discussions prominently featuring breast cancer screening and testing. Topic 5 emphasized early detection and diagnosis of stomach and lung cancers, highlighting keywords such as “screening” and “symptom.”

Cancer Prevention Information

Our experiment on the test set showed that the machine learning model achieved F 1 -scores above 85 for both prevention and treatment categories in both MSM and CSM. For subclasses within prevention and treatment, we achieved F 1 -scores of at least 70 for dense categories (with an occurrence rate >10%, ie, occurs in >1 of 10 entries) and at least 50 for sparse categories (with an occurrence rate <10%, ie, occurs in <1 of 10 entries). Subsequently, we removed items labeled as “other prevention measures” and “other treatment measures” due to semantic ambiguity.

Table 2 presents the distribution of cancer prevention information across MSM (n=4479) and CSM (n=3948).

a MSM: medical social media.

b CSM: common social media.

Cancer Prevention Information on MSM

The distribution of cancer prevention information on MSM (n=4479) is as follows: articles discussing prevention measures accounted for 25.39% (1137/4479) of all MSM cancer-related articles. The most frequently mentioned measure was “early screening and testing” (737/4479, 16.45%). The second and third most frequently mentioned prevention measures were “healthy diet” (278/4479, 6.21%) and “get vaccinated” (261/4479, 5.83%). The least mentioned prevention measures were “controlling chronic infections” (3/4479, 0.07%), “reduce exposure to radiation” (2/4479, 0.04%), and “breastfeeding” (1/4479, 0.02%), each appearing in only 1-3 articles.

Cancer Prevention Information on CSM

As many as 1856 out of 3948 (47.01%) articles on CSM referred to cancer prevention information. Among these, “early screening and testing” (1085/3948, 27.48%) was the most commonly mentioned prevention measure. “Exercise regularly” (661/3948, 16.74%) and “healthy diet” (598/3948, 15.15%) were the 2 most frequently mentioned lifestyle-related prevention measures. Additionally, “avoid tobacco use” accounted for 9.32% (368/3948) of mentions. Other lifestyle-related prevention measures were “limit alcohol use” (281/3948, 7.12%) and “maintain a healthy weight” (193/3948, 4.89%). The least mentioned prevention measures were “practice safe sex” (4/3948, 0.10%), “reduce exposure to radiation” (1/3948, 0.03%), and “breastfeeding” (1/3948, 0.03%), each appearing in only 1-4 articles.

Cancer Prevention Information on Social Media

Table 3 presents the overall distribution of cancer prevention information on social media (N=8427). Notably, CSM showed a stronger focus on cancer prevention (1856/3948, 47.01%) compared with MSM (1137/8427, 13.49%). Both platforms highlighted the importance of early screening and testing. However, MSM placed greater emphasis on vaccination as a prevention measure. In addition to lifestyle-related prevention measures, both CSM and MSM showed relatively less emphasis on avoiding exposure to environmental carcinogens, such as air pollution, indoor smoke, and radiation. “Breastfeeding” was the least mentioned prevention measure (2/3948, 0.05%) on both types of social media.

Cancer Treatment Information

Table 4 presents the distribution of cancer treatment information on MSM (n=4479) and CSM (n=3948).

Cancer Treatment Information on MSM

Cancer treatment information appeared in 66.22% (2966/4479) of MSM posts. “Surgery” was the most frequently mentioned treatment measure (2045/4479, 45.66%), followed by “chemotherapy” (1122/4479, 25.05%) and “radiation therapy” (1108/4479, 24.74%). The proportions of “cancer biomarker testing” (380/4479, 8.48%), “targeted therapy” (379/4479, 8.46%), and “immunotherapy” (317/4479, 7.08%) were comparable. Only a minimal percentage of articles (47/4479, 1.05%) addressed “hormone therapy.” Furthermore, “stem cell transplantation therapy” was mentioned in just 5 out of 4479 (0.11%) articles.

Cancer Treatment Information on CSM

Cancer treatment information accounted for only 19.71% (778/3948) of CSM posts. “Surgery” was the most frequently mentioned treatment measure (419/3948, 10.61%), followed by “chemotherapy” (285/3948, 7.22%) and “radiation therapy” (232/3948, 5.88%). Relatively, the frequency of “targeted therapy” (181/3948, 4.58%) was similar to that of the first 3 types. However, “cancer biomarker testing” (55/3948, 1.39%), “immunotherapy” (22/3948, 0.56%), and “hormone therapy” (14/3948, 0.35%) appeared rarely on CSM. Notably, there were no articles on CSM mentioning stem cell transplantation.

Cancer Treatment Information on Social Media

Table 5 shows the overall distribution of cancer treatment information on social media (N=8427). A total of 44.43% (3744/8427) of articles contained treatment information. MSM (2966/8427, 35.20%) discussed treatment information much more frequently than CSM (778/8427, 9.23%). Furthermore, the frequency of all types of treatment measures mentioned was higher on MSM than on CSM. The 3 most frequently mentioned types of treatment measures were surgery (2464/8427, 29.24%), chemotherapy (1407/8427, 16.70%), and radiation therapy (1340/8427, 15.90%). Relatively, MSM (380/8427, 4.51%) showed a higher focus on cancer biomarker testing compared with CSM (55/8427, 0.65%).

Cancer Topics on MSM and CSM

In MSM, treatment-related topics constituted the largest proportion, featuring keywords related to medical examinations. Conversely, in CSM, the distribution of topics appeared more balanced, with keywords frequently associated with cancer risk and screening. Overall, the distribution of topics on MSM and CSM revealed that CSM placed greater emphasis on lifestyle factors and early screening and testing. Specifically, CSM topics focused more on early cancer screening and addressed cancer types with high incidence rates. By contrast, MSM topics centered more on clinical treatment, medical testing, and the cervical cancer vaccine in cancer prevention. Additionally, MSM focused on types of cancers that are easier to screen and prevent, including liver cancer, stomach cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, and colon cancer.

Cancer Prevention Information on MSM and CSM

Through content analysis, it was found that 35.52% (2993/8427) of articles on social media contained prevention information, and 44.43% (3744/8427) contained treatment information. Compared with MSM (1137/8427, 13.49%), CSM (2993/8427, 35.52%) focused more on prevention.

Primary prevention mainly involves adopting healthy behaviors to lower the risk of developing cancer, which has been proven to have long-term effects on cancer prevention. Secondary prevention focuses on inhibiting or reversing carcinogenesis, including early screening and detection, as well as the treatment or removal of precancerous lesions [ 38 ]. Compared with cancer screening and treatment, primary prevention is considered the most cost-effective approach to reducing the cancer burden.

From our results, “early screening and testing” (1822/8427, 21.62%) was the most frequently mentioned prevention measure on both MSM and CSM. According to a cancer study from China, behavioral risk factors were identified as the primary cause of cancer [ 10 ]. However, measures related to primary prevention were not frequently mentioned. Additionally, lifestyle-related measures such as “healthy diet,” “regular exercise,” “avoiding tobacco use,” and “limiting alcohol use” were mentioned much less frequently on MSM compared with CSM.

Furthermore, “avoiding tobacco use” (554/8427, 6.57%) and “limiting alcohol use” (409/8427, 4.85%) were rarely mentioned, despite tobacco and alcohol being the leading causes of cancer. In China, public policies on the production, sale, and consumption of alcohol are weaker compared with Western countries. Notably, traditional Chinese customs often promote the belief that moderate drinking is beneficial for health [ 39 ]. Moreover, studies indicated that the smoking rate among adult men exceeded 50% in 2015. By 2018, 25.6% of Chinese adults aged 18 and above were smokers, totaling approximately 282 million smokers in China (271 million males and 11 million females) [ 40 ]. These statistics align with the consistently high incidence of lung cancer among Chinese men [ 41 ]. Simultaneously, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in Chinese women were more likely associated with exposure to second-hand smoke or occupation-related risk factors.

Although MSM (261/8427, 3.10%) mentioned vaccination more frequently than CSM (113/8427, 1.34%), vaccination was not widely discussed on social media overall (374/8427, 4.44%). The introduction of human papillomavirus vaccination in China has lagged for more than 10 years compared with Western countries. A bivalent vaccine was approved by the Chinese Food and Drug Administration in 2017 but has not been included in the national immunization schedules up to now [ 42 ].

According to the “European Code Against Cancer” [ 43 ], breastfeeding is recommended as a measure to prevent breast cancer. However, there were no articles mentioning the role of breastfeeding in preventing breast cancer on social media.

One of the least frequently mentioned measures was “radiation protection,” which includes sun protection. Although skin cancer is not as common in China as in Western countries, China has the largest population in the world. A study showed that only 55.2% of Chinese people knew that ultraviolet radiation causes skin cancer [ 33 ]. Additional efforts should be made to enhance public awareness of skin cancer prevention through media campaigns.

Overall, our results indicate that social media, especially MSM, focused more on secondary prevention. The outcomes of primary prevention are challenging to identify in individuals, and studies on cancer education may partly explain why primary prevention was often overlooked [ 44 ].

Cancer Treatment Information on MSM and CSM

Compared with a related content analysis study in the United States, our findings also indicate that the media placed greater emphasis on treatment [ 45 ]. Treatment information on MSM was more diverse than on CSM, with a higher proportion of the 3 most common cancer treatments—surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy—mentioned on MSM compared with CSM. Notably, CSM (232/8427, 2.75%) mentioned radiation therapy less frequently compared with MSM (1108/8427, 13.15%), despite it being one of the most common cancer treatment measures in clinical practice.

In addition to common treatment methods, other approaches such as targeted therapy (560/8427, 6.65%) and immunotherapy (339/8427, 4.02%) were rarely discussed. This could be attributed to the high costs associated with these treatments. A study revealed that each newly diagnosed patient with cancer in China faced out-of-pocket expenses of US $4947, amounting to 57.5% of the family’s annual income, posing an unaffordable economic burden of 77.6% [ 46 ]. In 2017, the Chinese government released the National Health Insurance Coverage (NHIC) policy to improve the accessibility and affordability of innovative anticancer medicines, leading to reduced prices and increased availability and utilization of 15 negotiated drugs. However, a study indicated that the availability of these innovative anticancer drugs remained limited. By 2019, the NHIC policy had benefited 44,600 people, while the number of new cancer cases in China in 2020 was 4.57 million [ 47 ]. The promotion of information on innovative therapies helped patients gain a better understanding of their cancer treatment options [ 48 ].

Practical Implications

This research highlighted that MSM did not fully leverage its professional background in providing comprehensive cancer information to the public. In fact, MSM holds substantial potential for contributing to cancer education. The findings from the content analysis also have practical implications for practitioners. They provide valuable insights for experts to assess the effectiveness of social media, monitor the types of information available to the public and patients with cancer, and guide communication and medical professionals in crafting educational and persuasive messages based on widely covered or less attended content.

Limitations and Future Directions

This study had some limitations. First, we only collected 60,843 articles from 9 WPAs in China. Future research could broaden the scope by collecting data from diverse countries and social media platforms. Second, our manual labeling only extracted 10% (450/4479 for MSM and 394/3948 for CSM) of the samples; the accuracy of the machine learning model could be enhanced by training it with a larger set of labeled articles. Finally, our results only represented the media’s presentation, and the impact of this information on individuals remains unclear. Further work could examine its influence on behavioral intentions or actions related to cancer prevention among the audience.

Conclusions

The analysis of cancer-related information on social media revealed an imbalance between prevention and treatment content. Overall, there was more treatment information than prevention information. Compared with MSM, CSM mentioned more prevention information. On MSM, the proportion of treatment information was greater than prevention information, whereas on CSM, the 2 were equal. The focus on cancer prevention and treatment information was primarily limited to a few aspects, with a predominant emphasis on secondary prevention rather than primary prevention. There is a need for further improvement in the coverage of prevention measures and treatments for cancer on social media. Additionally, the findings underscored the potential of applying machine learning to content analysis as a promising research paradigm for mapping key dimensions of cancer information on social media. These findings offer methodological and practical significance for future studies and health promotion.

Acknowledgments

This study was funded by The Major Program of the Chinese National Foundation of Social Sciences under the project “The Challenge and Governance of Smart Media on News Authenticity” (grant number 23&ZD213).

Conflicts of Interest

None declared.

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Abbreviations

Edited by S Ma; submitted 02.01.24; peer-reviewed by F Yang, D Wawrzuta; comments to author 20.03.24; revised version received 19.04.24; accepted 03.06.24; published 14.08.24.

©Keyang Zhao, Xiaojing Li, Jingyang Li. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 14.08.2024.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (ISSN 1438-8871), is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

Science journal retracts peer-reviewed article containing AI generated ‘nonsensical’ images

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An open access scientific journal, Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology , was openly criticized and mocked by researchers on social media this week after they observed the publication had recently put up an article including imagery with gibberish descriptions and diagrams of anatomically incorrect mammalian testicles and sperm cells, which bore signs of being created by an AI image generator.

We thank the readers for their scrutiny of our articles: when we get it wrong, the crowdsourcing dynamic of open science means that community feedback helps us to quickly correct the record. — Frontiers (@FrontiersIn) February 15, 2024

The publication has since responded to one of its critics on the social network X, posting from its verified account: “We thank the readers for their scrutiny of our articles: when we get it wrong, the crowdsourcing dynamic of open science means that community feedback helps us to quickly correct the record.” It has also removed the article , entitled “ Cellular functions of spermatogonial stem cells in relation to JAK/STAT signaling pathway ” from its website and issued a retraction notice, stating:

“Following publication, concerns were raised regarding the nature of its AI-generated figures. The article does not meet the standards of editorial and scientific rigor for Frontiers in Cell and Development Biology; therefore, the article has been retracted.

This retraction was approved by the Chief Executive Editor of Frontiers. Frontiers would like to thank the concerned readers who contacted us regarding the published article. “

Misspelled words and anatomically incorrect illustrations

However, VentureBeat has obtained a copy and republished the original article below in the interest of maintaining the public record of it.

As you can observe in it, it contains several graphics and illustrations rendered in a seemingly clear and colorful scientific style, but zooming in, there are many misspelled words and misshapen letters, such as “protemns” instead of “proteins,” for example, and a word spelled “zxpens.”

Perhaps most problematic is the image of “rat” (spelled correctly) which appears first in the paper, and shows a massive growth in its groin region.

Blasted on X

Shortly after the paper’s publication on Feb. 13, 2024, researchers took to X to call it out and question how it made it through peer review.

Someone used DALL-E to create gobbledygook scientific figures and submitted them to Frontiers Journal. And guess what? The editor published it. LOL https://t.co/hjQkRQDkal https://t.co/aV1USo6Vt2 pic.twitter.com/VAkjJkY4dR — Veera Rajagopal  (@doctorveera) February 15, 2024

It’s finally happened. A peer-reviewed journal article with what appear to be nonsensical AI generated images. This is dangerous. pic.twitter.com/Ez54H6l7iZ — ?Kareem Carr | Statistician ? (@kareem_carr) February 15, 2024

The paper is authored by Xinyu Guo and Dingjun Hao of the Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital at Xi’an Jiaotong University; as well as Liang Dong of the Department of Spine Surgery, Xi’an Honghui Hospital in Xi’an, China.

It was reviewed by Binsila B. Krishnan of the National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (ICAR) in India and Jingbo Dai of Northwestern Medicine in the United States. It was edited by Arumugam Kumaresan at the National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR) in India.

VentureBeat reached out to all the authors and editors of the paper, as well as Amanda Gay Fisher, the journal’s Field Chief Editor, and a professor of biochemistry at the prestigious Oxford University in the U.K., to ask further questions about how the article was published, and will update when we hear back.

Troubling wider implications for AI’s impact on science, research, and medicine

AI has been touted as a valuable tool for advancing scientific research and discovery by some of its makers, including Google with its AlphaFold protein structure predictor and materials science AI GNoME, recently covered positively by the press (including VentureBeat) for discovering 2 million new materials .

However, those tools are focused on the research side. When it comes to publishing that research, it is clear that AI image generators could pose a major threat to scientific accuracy, especially if researchers are using them indiscriminately, to cut corners and publish faster, or because they are malicious or simply don’t care.

The move to use AI to create scientific illustrations or diagrams is troubling because it undermines the accuracy and trust among the scientific community and wider public that the work going into important fields that impact our lives and health — such as medicine and biology — is accurate, safe and screened.

Yet it may also be the product of the wider “publish or perish” climate that has arisen in science over the last several decades, in which researchers have attested they feel the need to rush out papers of little value to show they are contributing something, anything , to their field, and bolster the number of citations attributed to them by others, padding their resumes for future jobs.

But also, let’s be honest — some of these researchers on this paperwork in spine surgery at a human hospital: would you trust them to operate on your spine or help with your back health?

With more than 114,000 citations to its name, the journal Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology has now had its integrity called into question by this lapse: how many more papers published by it have AI-illustrated diagrams that have slipped through the review process?

Intriguingly, Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology is part of the wider Frontiers company of more than 230 different scientific publications founded in 2007 by neuroscientists Kamila Markram and Henry Markram , the former of whom is still listed as CEO.

The company says its “vision [is] to make science open, peer-review rigorous, transparent, and efficient and harness the power of technology to truly serve researchers’ needs,” and in fact, some of the tech it uses is AI for peer review.

As Frontiers proclaimed in a 2020 press release :

“ In an industry first, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being deployed to help review research papers and assist in the peer-review process. The state-of-the-art Artificial Intelligence Review Assistant (AIRA), developed by open-access publisher Frontiers, helps editors, reviewers and authors evaluate the quality of manuscripts. AIRA reads each paper and can currently make up to 20 recommendations in just seconds, including the assessment of language quality, the integrity of the figures, the detection of plagiarism, as well as identifying potential conflicts of interest. “

The company’s website notes that AIRA debuted in 2018 as “ The next generation of peer review in which AI and machine learning enable more rigorous quality control and efficiency in the peer review .”

And just last summer, an article and video featuring Mirjam Eckert , chief publishing officer at Frontiers , stated:

“ At Frontiers, we apply AI to help build that trust. Our Artificial Intelligence Review Assistant (AIRA) verifies that scientific knowledge is accurately and honestly presented even before our people decide whether to review, endorse, or publish the research paper that contains it.

AIRA reads every research manuscript we receive and makes up to 20 checks a second. These checks cover, among other things, language quality, the integrity of figures and images, plagiarism, and conflicts of interest. The results give editors and reviewers another perspective as they decide whether to put a research paper through our rigorous and transparent peer review. “

Frontiers has also received favorably coverage of its AI article review assistant AIRA in such notable publications as The New York Times and Financial Times .

Clearly, the tool wasn’t able to effectively catch these nonsensical images in the article, leading to its retraction (if it was used at all in this case). But it also raises questions about the ability of such AI tools to detect, flag, and ultimately stop the publication of inaccurate scientific information — and the growing prevalence of its use at Frontiers and elsewhere across the publishing ecosystem. Perhaps that is the danger of being on the “frontier” of a new technology movement such as AI — the risk of it going wrong is higher than with the “tried and true,” human-only or analog approach.

VentureBeat also relies on AI tools for image generation and some text, but all articles are reviewed by human journalists prior to publication. AI was not used by VentureBeat in the writing, reporting, illustrating or publishing of this article.

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Title: algorithm research of elmo word embedding and deep learning multimodal transformer in image description.

Abstract: Zero sample learning is an effective method for data deficiency. The existing embedded zero sample learning methods only use the known classes to construct the embedded space, so there is an overfitting of the known classes in the testing process. This project uses category semantic similarity measures to classify multiple tags. This enables it to incorporate unknown classes that have the same meaning as currently known classes into the vector space when it is built. At the same time, most of the existing zero sample learning algorithms directly use the depth features of medical images as input, and the feature extraction process does not consider semantic information. This project intends to take ELMo-MCT as the main task and obtain multiple visual features related to the original image through self-attention mechanism. In this paper, a large number of experiments are carried out on three zero-shot learning reference datasets, and the best harmonic average accuracy is obtained compared with the most advanced algorithms.

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Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs .