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A Literary Translation as a Translation Project: A Case Study of Arthur Waley's Translation of Journey to the West
LUO, WENYAN (2018) A Literary Translation as a Translation Project: A Case Study of Arthur Waley's Translation of Journey to the West. Doctoral thesis, Durham University.
Over the last decade, researchers have been applying social theories to study translation as a social phenomenon. Actor-network theory (ANT) is one of the approaches adopted to explore translation production, as carried out in practical circumstances. Studies that focus on everyday translation activities that take place throughout a single translation project, leading to the production of an English translation of a Chinese novel, are few in number. In addition, few have adapted the ideas, concepts, and methodology of ANT to this type of study, and nonhuman actors have never been examined as active participants in translation production. Understanding of the development of translation projects, and translation actor and actions, is also still limited. The aim of this thesis, therefore, is to attempt to fill in the above-mentioned blanks, by applying ANT, as the sole theory, to the study of the production of Monkey, translated from Journey to the West by Arthur Waley. A theoretical framework is built based on not only Latour's theories (1986, 1987, 1988a, 1988b, 1999, 2007), but also those of Callon (1986a, 1986b, 1999), and Law (1986a, 1986b, 1992). The objectives of this thesis include 1) to test the applicability of ANT to translation production research, 2) to develop a system of methods that can guide and regulate the research, 3) to present an in-depth description of the translation project, which is as clear and comprehensive as possible, and 4) to go beyond the descriptive, by developing extensive discussions and analyses concerning the main translation actors, both human and nonhuman, and their actions which shaped the overall literary translation project. The materials that uphold this thesis come from multiple sources. At the core, there are more than 200 letters exchanged between the main contributors of the translation project, which are available as the Records of George Allen & Unwin Ltd. in the University of Reading, Special Collections. Supporting materials include copies of the translation (Monkey) including the associated paratexts, articles written by the translator on translation, the autobiography of the publisher, advertisements and book reviews on the translation retrieved from Gale Primary Sources. Practical methods, such as web searches and archival research, are used to collect as much data regarding the production of the translation as possible. In addition, a system of methodological rules is adapted from the 'three principles' proposed by Callon (1986a) and the 'rules of method' put forward by Latour (1987), which is used to screen data, to judge if sufficient data was collected, and to determine how that data should be analysed. The main body of the thesis is composed of six chapters. The aim of Chapter 1 is to provide an in-depth introduction to ANT and build a theoretical framework. In Chapter 2 a context is provided for the research by mainly explaining the reasons behind, and the process of, choosing Monkey as the translation under study, placing the proposed research within the existing literature, and reviewing the research methodology. Chapter 3 comprises a thick description of the translation project, focusing on its major contributors and its different phases. The two chapters that follow, Chapter 4 and Chapter 5, consist of discussions concerning the identified translation actors, and in particular, how their roles and positions were continually (re)defined by their actions throughout the translation production process. The last chapter explores the dynamics that empowered the translation production network, through categorising the interactions of translation actors according to four moments of translationANT (Callon, 1986a), and in addition, the modes of interessement, i.e. the particular methods or devices used to persuade actors to join the project, which are analysed based on Latour's modes (1987). The main findings of this study contain 1) a system of methods can be established based on previous studies conducted by ANT theorists and translation researchers. 2) The translation project is discovered to be long-term, with over 25 years of recorded history, large-scale, i.e. with numerous people and resources involved and at least 25 versions of the translation as the end products, and multi-faceted, i.e. with no fewer than 8 phases of production which often overlap with each other. 3) The translation actors were heterogeneous, including humans, example of which are the translator, publisher, and designer, and nonhumans, such as the war, letters, and a system of texts. Some of these actors have not been identified before. 4) Actions frequently defined actors, as well as their roles and positions in translation. The roles played by an actor in the single translation project were often multiple and their positions within the network constantly changing. 5) Claims made by Law, an ANT theorist, that control is a process instead of a result, and that successful long distance control depends on a triad of professionals, inscriptions/texts and devices (Law, 1986a, 1986b) are also true for this study. 6) More than 200 translationsANT occurred throughout the translation project, and moreover, the four moments of translationANT developed in a variety of patterns instead of taking place sequentially (cf. Callon 1986a). 7) The modes of translating actors - modes of interessement - discerned in this project, differ in various ways and degrees from the existing modes (see Latour, 1987), but nevertheless increase the variety of the existing modes. In view of the above, therefore, 8) ANT, as a social theory, is perfectly applicable to study the practical circumstances and evolution of the production of the translation of Monkey.
Item Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
---|---|
Award: | Doctor of Philosophy |
Keywords: | actor-network theory, translation production, Arthur Waley, Journey to the West, (non)human actors |
Faculty and Department: | |
Thesis Date: | 2018 |
Copyright: | Copyright of this thesis is held by the author |
Deposited On: | 23 Oct 2018 14:19 |
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The dynamics of literary translation : a case study from English to Persian
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Constructing cultures : essays on literary translation
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- Chinese and Western thinking on translation, Andre Lefevere
- when is a tranlsation not a translation, Susan Bassnett
- translation practice(s) and the circulation of culturual capital - some "Aeneids" in English, Andre Lefevere
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- the gates of analogy - the "Kalevala" in English, Andre Lefevere
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- the tranlation turn in cultural studies, Susan Bassnett.
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Revising a literary translation for publication
Insights from an autoethnographic study.
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- View Affiliations Hide Affiliations Affiliations: 1 University of Malta
- Source: Translation Spaces Available online: 04 April 2024
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/ts.23040.bor
- Received: 01 Sept 2023
- Accepted: 31 Jan 2024
- Version of Record published : 04 Apr 2024
Despite the surge of interest in translation revision and its ubiquitousness in translation processes, minimal scholarly research has been carried out into the revision of literary translations (Koponen et al. 2021, 10). This article responds to calls in the literature for empirical studies examining the creation of actual published translations. It aims to partially address this gap by reporting on the processes and practices occurring during the revision of my Maltese translation of Éric-Emmanuel Schmitt’s Concerto à la mémoire d’un ange . Although numerous translation scholars are also practising translators, we rarely look at our own processes and practices. Not only is this reality of translation revision largely overlooked but also the wealth of empirical data generated during the translation process remains unexploited. Drawing on my own translation practice, this study adopts an autoethnographic approach to provide insights into how revision materialised in this specific literary translation. Meticulously conserved real-life data are analysed in order to shed light on the agents involved in the revision process, their role and power.
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- Anderson, Alison (trans.) 2011 Concerto to the Memory of an Angel by Éric-Emmanuel Schmitt 2010 New York: Europa Editions. [Google Scholar]
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English and Comparative Literary Studies
Ma in literary translation studies dissertation.
All students doing the MA in Literary Translation Studies Studies are required to complete a dissertation of approximately 16,000 words . The MA dissertation offers students the chance to undertake and complete one of two forms of sustained research project: either a) a dissertation of the more conventional variety, where the student undertakes research into an area of translation theory and practice and argues a thesis, supporting it with evidence or b) a literary translation accompanied by an extended piece of critical writing (a translation commentary).
The dissertation represents a substantial piece of work, and you should be aware of the fact that it will require significant input from you throughout the year. You should start thinking about the general area in which you would like to do your research from the beginning of the academic year and discuss it with the MALTS Convenor (and, where appropriate, with other members of staff) as soon as possible, since you will be expected to submit a dissertation proposal to the MALTS Convenor ([email protected]) by the end of Week 9 in Term 1. Students who opt to do a dissertation in the form of a literary translation accompanied by an extended commentary should begin to identify an appropriate source text or texts at an early stage. Depending on the language from which you work, source texts may be difficult to access; for this reason, you should plan ahead to allow time for delivery/access.
If the student opts for b) then the translation should be a minimum of 5000 and a maximum of 6000 words (which is approximately one-third of the total length of the dissertation), with the commentary constituting the bulk of the dissertation length at a minimum of 10,000 and a maximum of 11,000 words. Students who wish to translate poetry may agree a different weighting of translation and commentary with their supervisor(s). The translation should be into a language that can be read by the dissertation supervisor(s). This will normally mean that the translation will be into English. The student should include a copy of the source text as an appendix to the completed translation with commentary, clearly marking the appendix as such. Please note that the source text does not count towards the length of the dissertation.
There will be a compulsory workshop on the translation with commentary in Term 1. Please note that the commentary, for the purposes of the MALTS dissertation, is not a series of notes or annotations to a text, nor a chronological narrative of translating a text, rather it should do the following: contain an argument or a set of arguments that are illustrated by the translation; demonstrate the theoretically informed reflection that lies behind the creation of a translation product; address relevant issues of translation theory and practice. The link between the translation and the commentary, i.e. how far the translation bears out what is said in the commentary, will be central to the success of this piece of work. You should therefore select your source text or texts with a particular research focus in mind, rather than selecting a source text at random.
The document ' How to write a translation commentary ’ sets out the expectations for this type of dissertation.
Writing the dissertation proposal (Term 1)
Only projects deemed viable will be allowed to proceed, so it is important to get the proposal right. To be accepted, a proposal should • be intellectually viable; • be achievable within the stipulated time and word limit; • be feasible given the resources; • fall within the areas of expertise of members of academic staff.
See an example of a successful proposal for dissertation type a) and b). Proposals should be between 300 and 500 words in length and include an initial bibliography.
In addition, it is important that the content of your dissertation does not have a significant overlap with any of the essays you submit for your option modules.
To help you write a strong proposal, the English Department will be offering a series of workshops in the Autumn Term, and you will be expected to attend these. Time and place will be confirmed at the start of the academic year.
As you begin work on your proposal during Term 1, you will need to speak to members of academic staff with an interest in the area you wish to work in. All members of staff keep regular office hours during the term, and you should speak to several of them. It is your responsibility to seek them out. Use your contact with them to present and discuss your ideas. Listen to their advice and suggestions, read the books or articles they may point you to, and incorporate what is appropriate into your proposal. As you discuss your project, you will quickly pick up which aspects are worth pursuing and which are not. This is part of the research process. If you would like advice on whom to approach, speak to the MALTS Convenor. Remember when you submit your proposal to mention the names of staff with whom you have spoken.
You will be required to submit your proposal to the MALTS Convenor by the end of Week 9 in Term 1 , shortly before the winter holiday therefore. The MALTS Convenor will consider all applications and assign a supervisor for each successful proposal. You will be notified of decisions by the first week of Term 2. If your proposal has been declined, the MALTS Convenor will meet with you and explain the reasons for the decision, and provide advice and support on reworking the proposal into an acceptable one. It is expected that most proposals submitted by students who have attended all the workshops will be accepted.
Writing the dissertation progress report (Term 2)
Students must begin work on their dissertation research in Term 2. It can take time to work out exactly how to focus your project and decide on what you need to look at and read, so it’s important to start early. In Week 9 of Term 2 you must submit a Progress Report to the MALTS Convenor ([email protected]), copying in the Postgraduate Programmes Officer ([email protected]). The report consists of the following:
• Dissertation Progress Report form • title and chapter breakdown • an abstract of 1000 words • a bibliography.
Progress reports will be reviewed by the MALTS Convenor. If there are concerns about progress, the MALTS Convenor will contact you.
Research, writing and contact with your supervisor (Terms 2 and 3)
You can expect to meet with your supervisor for an initial supervision within the first two weeks of Term 2 and again in Week 8 or 9 shortly before submission of the dissertation progress report. You can also expect to meet with your supervisor three times in Term 3. Supervisions will generally be 45-60 minutes in length, although Term 2 supervisions may well be shorter than this. Your supervisor will read one rough draft of your dissertation, which must be sent by the end of Term 3. You are welcome to contact your supervisor by e-mail. As with all the department's staff, you can usually expect a supervisor to respond within about 3 working days (excluding weekends) if your query is straightforward. For more complex requests, supervisors will need more time to respond and you need to keep in mind that an e-mail exchange is no substitute for a face-to-face meeting. Face-to-face supervision of dissertations concludes at the end of term 3. Over the summer months of July and August, when staff undertake their own research activities, e-mail contact is at the supervisor's discretion and it will very likely take longer for them to respond to any message you send.
Submission (Summer)
The following reminders may be useful:
- You must be consistent in the style convention used (preferably either MLA, MHRA, Chicago or Harvard). Note that Harvard is the standard referencing style for scholarly work in Translation Studies.
- Footnotes/Endnotes are included in the final word count; the 'Bibliography' is not included in the final word count
- An abstract is not required in the final submission
- A margin of up to 10% over or under length is allowed, but dissertations that are between 10-24% over-length will incur a penalty of 3 marks
- Work that is more than 25% over-length will be refused
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INTERPRETING THE UNTRANSLATABLE: REPRESENTATIONS OF VLADIMIR NABOKOV'S SELF-TRANSLATIONS IN WORLD LITERATURE
The model for most mass-market literary translation is that this takes place through an outside translator’s interpretation from a source text to recreate its words in a target language, while a smaller, but no less important, fraction of texts has been self-translated by their original authors. Self-translation is far from an irrelevant anomaly to translation studies—Vladimir Nabokov’s career as an author and translator has demonstrated that the product of a self-translation increases the author’s agency, marking their translation as the most authoritative while lending comparative scholars insight into those passages that create dilemmas of interpretation for third-party translators. In this thesis, I argue that self-translation constitutes an important component of understanding cultural circulation and literary markets—first, through paratextual features of Nabokov’s novels, taking shape in techniques of self-marketing, and second, through the textual features that illuminate the transnational reception of his work. I examine Nabokov’s self-translated novels via the texts themselves and in adaptation to argue that in the transfer of literary knowledge from the source to the target language, new facets of the text and author emerge more vividly in a self-translation than in an outside translation.
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discussions and analyses concerning the main translation actors, both human and nonhuman, and their actions which shaped the overall literary translation project. The materials that uphold this thesis come from multiple sources. At the core, there are more than 200 letters exchanged between the main contributors of the translation project ...
Literary Translation and Literary Theory. Literary translation is a kind of rewriting. On discussing the role of literary theory in literary studies. and studies of literary translation, Le fevere ...
Abstract. This thesis looks at Human-Computer Interaction in literary translation. In particular, it. centres on literary translators' perceptions of their own role and their attitudes towards ...
The objectives of this thesis include 1) to test the applicability of ANT to translation production research, 2) to develop a system of methods that can guide and regulate the research, 3) to present an in-depth description of the translation project, which is as clear and comprehensive as possible, and 4) to go beyond the descriptive, by ...
The thesis starts with an overview of the specific challenges of literary translation and the value of stylistics as an approach assisting in a better understanding of the literary texts, which shows the need for using stylistics in literary translation. It then illustrates how to apply
Keywords: translation theory; translation practice; literary translation. 1. Literary and non-literary translation. ... Dodd ' s basic thesis is that a (literary) translator should first look for .
Abstract. This thesis aims to elucidate the translation process by devising a way of retrieving evidence of this process from its output. It further aims to assess the claims made by some scholars concerning the possible existence of Translation Universals. In order to isolate the interaction of texts and contexts, a corpus of ...
Designed for courses on literary translation, Translating Literature discusses the process and the product of literary translation, incorporating both practical advice for translators and theoretical discussion on the role translations play in the evolution and interpretation of literatures. Exercises and examples highlight problems in translation.
Hong Diao is associate professor of translation at Sichuan International Studies University, P. R. C. He completed his PhD at Lingnan University of Hong Kong with a thesis on Jin Yong wuxia translation in 2021. Hong is currently working on the cinematic qualities of literary translation from a transmedial and intersemiotic perspective.
Student: Mariia Kostiuchenko. Title: Foreignization and Domestication in Translation on the Example of Alice in Wonderland. This thesis has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts degree in the Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies Program by: Jenifer Presto Susanna Lim Tze-Yin Teo.
This brief article serves to introduce the papers selected for the special issue devoted to topics and concepts in literary translation. The texts study a variety of languages (including English, Spanish, Italian, Chinese, French, Japanese, Dutch, German and Swedish), use a wide range of approaches (quantitative review of literary translations ...
Publisher's summary. Translation Studies is currently one of the fastest growing interdisciplinary subjects in the world. Constructing Cultures brings together for the first time the work of the two translator/scholars who are regarded as founders of this major field of study. This collection of essays continues to develop some of the principal ...
Thesis summary: Literary translation is a growing industry with thousands of texts being published every year. Yet, the work of literary translators still lacks visibility and the process behind the emergence of literary translations remains largely unexplored. In Translation Studies, literary translation was mostly examined from a product ...
Abstract Despite the surge of interest in translation revision and its ubiquitousness in translation processes, minimal scholarly research has been carried out into the revision of literary translations (Koponen et al. 2021, 10). This article responds to calls in the literature for empirical studies examining the creation of actual published ...
A literary translation must reflect the imaginative, intellectual and intuitive writing of the author. In fact, literature is distinguished by its aesthetics. Little concern has been devoted to the aesthetics of literary translations because these translations are popularly perceived as unoriginal (Devy 1999: 183). ...
This brief article serves to introduce the papers selected for the. special issue devoted to topics and concepts in literary translation. The texts study a variety of languages (including English ...
All students doing the MA in Literary Translation Studies Studies are required to complete a dissertation of approximately 16,000 words.The MA dissertation offers students the chance to undertake and complete one of two forms of sustained research project: either a) a dissertation of the more conventional variety, where the student undertakes research into an area of translation theory and ...
This thesis provides a critical edition of the longest extant version of the medieval Irish text Tochmarc Ferbe ('The Wooing of Ferb'), accompanied by translation, textual notes and literary commentary. Tochmarc Ferbe is found in two manuscripts, the Book of Leinster (LL) and Egerton 1782.
In this thesis, I argue that self-translation constitutes an important component of understanding cultural circulation and literary markets—first, through paratextual features of Nabokov's novels, taking shape in techniques of self-marketing, and second, through the textual features that illuminate the transnational reception of his work.
Translation studies is at the "interface" of other disciplines (Duarte et al., 2006), including literary and cultural studies, history, and sociology. Thus, in addition to speaking to scholars concerned with translation, the article aims to comment more generally on how the humanities and social sciences utilize qualitative methods to ...
Keywords: Translator training, Literary text translation, Translation strategies, Student's Attitude. Discover the world's research. 25+ million members; 160+ million publication pages;
The thesis entitled above has been defended before the Letters and Humanities Faculty's Examination Committee on April 3rd, 2014. ... Based on explanations above, the writer will analyze about the translation procedure in literary text from English into Indonesian in the novel "The
Literature [7] assessed the feasibility of applying machines for literature translation, and a comparative study found that there were a large number of lexical and grammatical errors, and ...