what is a small scale research project

Pilot Study in Research: Definition & Examples

Julia Simkus

Editor at Simply Psychology

BA (Hons) Psychology, Princeton University

Julia Simkus is a graduate of Princeton University with a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology. She is currently studying for a Master's Degree in Counseling for Mental Health and Wellness in September 2023. Julia's research has been published in peer reviewed journals.

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Saul Mcleod, PhD

Editor-in-Chief for Simply Psychology

BSc (Hons) Psychology, MRes, PhD, University of Manchester

Saul Mcleod, PhD., is a qualified psychology teacher with over 18 years of experience in further and higher education. He has been published in peer-reviewed journals, including the Journal of Clinical Psychology.

Olivia Guy-Evans, MSc

Associate Editor for Simply Psychology

BSc (Hons) Psychology, MSc Psychology of Education

Olivia Guy-Evans is a writer and associate editor for Simply Psychology. She has previously worked in healthcare and educational sectors.

On This Page:

A pilot study, also known as a feasibility study, is a small-scale preliminary study conducted before the main research to check the feasibility or improve the research design.

Pilot studies can be very important before conducting a full-scale research project, helping design the research methods and protocol.

How Does it Work?

Pilot studies are a fundamental stage of the research process. They can help identify design issues and evaluate a study’s feasibility, practicality, resources, time, and cost before the main research is conducted.

It involves selecting a few people and trying out the study on them. It is possible to save time and, in some cases, money by identifying any flaws in the procedures designed by the researcher.

A pilot study can help the researcher spot any ambiguities (i.e., unusual things), confusion in the information given to participants, or problems with the task devised.

Sometimes the task is too hard, and the researcher may get a floor effect because none of the participants can score at all or can complete the task – all performances are low.

The opposite effect is a ceiling effect, when the task is so easy that all achieve virtually full marks or top performances and are “hitting the ceiling.”

This enables researchers to predict an appropriate sample size, budget accordingly, and improve the study design before performing a full-scale project.

Pilot studies also provide researchers with preliminary data to gain insight into the potential results of their proposed experiment.

However, pilot studies should not be used to test hypotheses since the appropriate power and sample size are not calculated. Rather, pilot studies should be used to assess the feasibility of participant recruitment or study design.

By conducting a pilot study, researchers will be better prepared to face the challenges that might arise in the larger study. They will be more confident with the instruments they will use for data collection.

Multiple pilot studies may be needed in some studies, and qualitative and/or quantitative methods may be used.

To avoid bias, pilot studies are usually carried out on individuals who are as similar as possible to the target population but not on those who will be a part of the final sample.

Feedback from participants in the pilot study can be used to improve the experience for participants in the main study. This might include reducing the burden on participants, improving instructions, or identifying potential ethical issues.

Experiment Pilot Study

In a pilot study with an experimental design , you would want to ensure that your measures of these variables are reliable and valid.

You would also want to check that you can effectively manipulate your independent variables and that you can control for potential confounding variables.

A pilot study allows the research team to gain experience and training, which can be particularly beneficial if new experimental techniques or procedures are used.

Questionnaire Pilot Study

It is important to conduct a questionnaire pilot study for the following reasons:

• Check that respondents understand the terminology used in the questionnaire.
• Check that emotive questions are not used, as they make people defensive and could invalidate their answers.
• Check that leading questions have not been used as they could bias the respondent’s answer.
• Ensure that the questionnaire can be completed in a reasonable amount of time. If it’s too long, respondents may lose interest or not have enough time to complete it, which could affect the response rate and the data quality.

By identifying and addressing issues in the pilot study, researchers can reduce errors and risks in the main study. This increases the reliability and validity of the main study’s results.

Assessing the practicality and feasibility of the main study

Testing the efficacy of research instruments

Identifying and addressing any weaknesses or logistical problems

Collecting preliminary data

Estimating the time and costs required for the project

Determining what resources are needed for the study

Identifying the necessity to modify procedures that do not elicit useful data

Adding credibility and dependability to the study

Pretesting the interview format

Enabling researchers to develop consistent practices and familiarize themselves with the procedures in the protocol

Addressing safety issues and management problems

Limitations

Require extra costs, time, and resources.

Do not guarantee the success of the main study.

Contamination (ie: if data from the pilot study or pilot participants are included in the main study results).

Funding bodies may be reluctant to fund a further study if the pilot study results are published.

Do not have the power to assess treatment effects due to small sample size.

• Viscocanalostomy: A Pilot Study (Carassa, Bettin, Fiori, & Brancato, 1998)
• WHO International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia (Sartorius, Shapiro, Kimura, & Barrett, 1972)
• Stephen LaBerge of Stanford University ran a series of experiments in the 80s that investigated lucid dreaming. In 1985, he performed a pilot study that demonstrated that time perception is the same as during wakefulness. Specifically, he had participants go into a state of lucid dreaming and count out ten seconds, signaling the start and end with pre-determined eye movements measured with the EOG.
• Negative Word-of-Mouth by Dissatisfied Consumers: A Pilot Study (Richins, 1983)
• A pilot study and randomized controlled trial of the mindful self‐compassion program (Neff & Germer, 2013)
• Pilot study of secondary prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder with propranolol (Pitman et al., 2002)
• In unstructured observations, the researcher records all relevant behavior without a system. There may be too much to record, and the behaviors recorded may not necessarily be the most important, so the approach is usually used as a pilot study to see what type of behaviors would be recorded.
• Perspectives of the use of smartphones in travel behavior studies: Findings from a literature review and a pilot study (Gadziński, 2018)

Further Information

• Lancaster, G. A., Dodd, S., & Williamson, P. R. (2004). Design and analysis of pilot studies: recommendations for good practice. Journal of evaluation in clinical practice, 10 (2), 307-312.
• Thabane, L., Ma, J., Chu, R., Cheng, J., Ismaila, A., Rios, L. P., … & Goldsmith, C. H. (2010). A tutorial on pilot studies: the what, why and how. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 10 (1), 1-10.
• Moore, C. G., Carter, R. E., Nietert, P. J., & Stewart, P. W. (2011). Recommendations for planning pilot studies in clinical and translational research. Clinical and translational science, 4 (5), 332-337.

Carassa, R. G., Bettin, P., Fiori, M., & Brancato, R. (1998). Viscocanalostomy: a pilot study. European journal of ophthalmology, 8 (2), 57-61.

Gadziński, J. (2018). Perspectives of the use of smartphones in travel behaviour studies: Findings from a literature review and a pilot study. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 88 , 74-86.

In J. (2017). Introduction of a pilot study. Korean Journal of Anesthesiology, 70 (6), 601–605. https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2017.70.6.601

LaBerge, S., LaMarca, K., & Baird, B. (2018). Pre-sleep treatment with galantamine stimulates lucid dreaming: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. PLoS One, 13 (8), e0201246.

Leon, A. C., Davis, L. L., & Kraemer, H. C. (2011). The role and interpretation of pilot studies in clinical research. Journal of psychiatric research, 45 (5), 626–629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.10.008

Malmqvist, J., Hellberg, K., Möllås, G., Rose, R., & Shevlin, M. (2019). Conducting the Pilot Study: A Neglected Part of the Research Process? Methodological Findings Supporting the Importance of Piloting in Qualitative Research Studies. International Journal of Qualitative Methods. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406919878341

Neff, K. D., & Germer, C. K. (2013). A pilot study and randomized controlled trial of the mindful self‐compassion program. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 69 (1), 28-44.

Pitman, R. K., Sanders, K. M., Zusman, R. M., Healy, A. R., Cheema, F., Lasko, N. B., … & Orr, S. P. (2002). Pilot study of secondary prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder with propranolol. Biological psychiatry, 51 (2), 189-192.

Richins, M. L. (1983). Negative word-of-mouth by dissatisfied consumers: A pilot study. Journal of Marketing, 47 (1), 68-78.

Sartorius, N., Shapiro, R., Kimura, M., & Barrett, K. (1972). WHO International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia1. Psychological medicine, 2 (4), 422-425.

Teijlingen, E. R; V. Hundley (2001). The importance of pilot studies, Social research UPDATE, (35)

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• > Writing Essays in English Language and Linguistics
• > Writing up small-scale research projects or dissertations

Book contents

• Frontmatter
• Acknowledgements
• Introduction
• A guide to the book's icons: what do they mean?
• Part 1 The basics
• Part 2 Getting down to writing
• Chapter 3 Analysing and answering the question
• Chapter 4 The writing process
• Chapter 5 Writing an introduction
• Chapter 6 Writing the body of your essay
• Chapter 7 Writing summaries and conclusions
• Chapter 8 Referencing and quotations
• Chapter 9 Stylistic issues
• Chapter 10 Writing up small-scale research projects or dissertations
• Frequently asked questions
• Linguistics glossary

Chapter 10 - Writing up small-scale research projects or dissertations

from Part 2 - Getting down to writing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

‘I've never done a research project before so I just don't know where to start. How big does it need to be? How original? Where do I get a good idea from? I haven't got a clue.’

What's expected of me as an undergraduate student with no previous research experience?

It's quite likely that, as part of your degree programme, you'll be required to successfully conduct and write up a small-scale research project of some kind. Typically, this will be in the form of a dissertation that you work on in your final year of study and which is normally expected to be around 10,000 words in length, although this can vary quite a bit depending on the department and university. The subject of your dissertation is, in most cases, completely open and you're free to decide your own focus according to your particular interests. In some cases, however, the dissertation project may be allied to a particular course you've taken and, as such, will need to have a focus that reflects this. Small-scale research projects tend to be a common feature of degree programmes in English language and/or linguistics and, while these may not necessarily take the form of a fully fledged dissertation, they'll still need to be carefully thought through, conducted (in the case of an empirical study) and written up. This final chapter is designed to help you in this task by providing you with some general principles that will help ensure that your particular project is brought to a successful conclusion and meets with the approval of your tutors and examiners.

The idea of having to conduct research can be quite intimidating, particularly if you have no previous experience. Often feelings of anxiety are the result of uncertainty about what exactly is expected of you and the standards you're required to meet, as well as the sense that you are ‘out on your own’ and having to undertake and keep control of an activity with which you are unfamiliar but which is important to your success as an undergraduate. Such feelings are perfectly natural and as such you can be sure not only that most of your peers are experiencing them to some degree but also that your lecturers are aware of this and have in place mechanisms to help guide you through the process of bringing your project to fruition.

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• Writing up small-scale research projects or dissertations
• Neil Murray , University of South Australia
• Book: Writing Essays in English Language and Linguistics
• Online publication: 05 June 2012
• Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139035347.014

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Doing Excellent Small-Scale Research

• Derek Layder - University of Leicester, UK
• Description

In this inspiring and engaging book, readers are presented with the key principles and practices of small-scale research. In addition, the book provides a peerless introduction to the key features involved in the process of research design and practice. Written in a clear, accessible way and drawing on exciting up-to-date examples, this book makes for a crucial companion on the way to research excellence.

Based on Layder's solid background as a researcher, supervisor and teacher, Doing Excellent Small-Scale Research :

- Leads the researcher through the actual process of doing a research project from start to finish

- Offers a comprehensive outline of general areas and issues such as preparation and planning, developing research questions, interviewing and sampling

- Reflects upon research as a social and human process

- Provides systematic guidelines and advice above and beyond technical essentials.

Layder's adaptive approach answers the question that many social science researchers (particularly students) grapple with-how do I conduct (and justify) research grounded in both local-level data and pre-existing theory! Dr Laurie Field Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Human Sciences , Macquarie University, Sydney

This book provides a good access route into small scale research.

A very helpful book for students doing their research within companies.

This is a useful text for undergraduates new to social research. It provides a structure for engaging with research, and may provide a basis for greater understanding and critical evaluation of social research.

Easy, chunked steps to follow. Fantastic outline of problem-questions for students to take and run with. Final comments section very useful in plenary activities

This book is of the same high standard as other Layder texts, and the focus on small-scale projects is extremely valuable to post-graduate students.

An essential text to our MSc students doing their dissertation

Essential for first time researchers and smaller research projects.

Supporting students undertaking small scale real research projects

Good overview - recommended!

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SAGE Research Methods is a research methods tool created to help researchers, faculty and students with their research projects. SAGE Research Methods links over 175,000 pages of SAGE’s renowned book, journal and reference content with truly advanced search and discovery tools. Researchers can explore methods concepts to help them design research projects, understand particular methods or identify a new method, conduct their research, and write up their findings. Since SAGE Research Methods focuses on methodology rather than disciplines, it can be used across the social sciences, health sciences, and more.

With SAGE Research Methods, researchers can explore their chosen method across the depth and breadth of content, expanding or refining their search as needed; read online, print, or email full-text content; utilize suggested related methods and links to related authors from SAGE Research Methods' robust library and unique features; and even share their own collections of content through Methods Lists. SAGE Research Methods contains content from over 720 books, dictionaries, encyclopedias, and handbooks, the entire “Little Green Book,” and "Little Blue Book” series, two Major Works collating a selection of journal articles, and specially commissioned videos.

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The Good Research Guide (5th edition)

The Good Research Guide is a best-selling introductory book on the basics of social research. It provides practical and straightforward guidance for those who need to conduct small-scale research projects as part of their undergraduate, postgraduate or professional studies.

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Small-Scale Research

Author biography.

@TeacherToolkit

What research does the Department for Education conduct which is ‘off the radar’?

The analytical associate pool consists of more than 150 independent academics and researchers, who carry out small-scale data analysis, rapid literature reviews, primary research and peer review for  DfE . Much of the analysis summarised is too small-scale for publishing on its own.

I have provided a brief outline of the projects commissioned through the DfE analytical associate pool – last updated on 16th August 2017 – with some notable pieces of research that are of interest to me. There are over 19 projects in this paper, so it really is worth skimming through to find something that interests you.

30 Hour Childcare

This feasibility study was commissioned by the Department for Education (DfE) to review options for evaluating Early Implementation (EI) of delivering the 30 hour extended free entitlement for working families of 3 and 4 year olds from September 2016, one year ahead of the national rollout. The study was undertaken during January to April 2016. Read more on page 6.

School Inspection Grading

This is a stand-out piece of research for me – that the Department for Education is looking into ‘how we can improve school inspection grading’. There were 6 jurisdictions: Belgium (Flemish community), England, Hong Kong, Ireland, the Netherlands and New Zealand.

The purpose of this review was to draw together information and evidence on different models for grading the outcomes of school inspection, and the impact they might have on the behaviour of schools, and on other relevant stakeholders. The review provides a summary of the different approaches in operation across selected jurisdictions, with a focus on those regarded as having effective accountability systems, including England; and it reviews what is available in the research literature of the past 10 years on the effectiveness and impact of different approaches. Read more on page 22.

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Unknown Land

… still much of the research is on the impact and effects of inspection in general, and on schools judged to be failing, rather than on the specific issue of grading models that was the object of this review … there remain areas which are largely terra incognita.

Mental Health

Alongside the review of school-based support available to parents , this project was commissioned to review the support available more widely for parents around children and young people’s mental health. Read more on page 23.

Transgender

The overall finding of this research is that transgender awareness is an area in need of development within the child and family social work profession, with the evidence clearly indicating a demand for additional training materials. Read more on page 30.

Much of the analysis undertaken through the Associate Pool is too small-scale to be published on its own, and this report summarises these smaller pieces of analysis.

Over 180 independent academics and researchers are in the pool, and they can be commissioned to carry out small-scale data analysis, rapid literature reviews, primary research and peer review. I’ve been inspired, so I’ve submitted my application to become a researcher.

Source : Department for Education .

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2 thoughts on “ Small-Scale Research ”

This is really informative. I’m glad we understand that there needs to be more transgender awareness in schools. Teaching students about social issues can only help society in the long-run, just like employee wellness programs . Keeping people informed and educated makes a better working system. Let’s keep looking into what students need to know more of.

Thanks for finally writing about > Small Scale Research < Loved it!

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Small Scale Research Projects

Module overview.

This module aims to offer students an opportunity to work within clinical psychology services to develop a research question and implement a project that generates new knowledge in the field of clinical psychology and serves to extend the discipline. As one of a series of research modules, it provides trainees with knowledge and skills to develop proficiency in the HCPC SOP 12.

Aims and Objectives

Learning outcomes.

Having successfully completed this module you will be able to:

• think through and implement appropriate methods of data collection to achieve specific research objectives
• write up a research project to disseminate the results to specialised and non-specialised audiences
• Consider how to engage with stakeholders including service users, carers and staff in designing a research project or service evaluation.
• identify relevant research questions, and generate testable quantitative hypotheses or objectives for qualitative research
• analyse data using appropriate qualitative or quantitative techniques
• embed hypotheses in a clear theoretical framework
• Consider issues of diversity particularly when recruiting and writing up a small scale research project
• be familiar with processes around NHS trust and university ethics approval
• demonstrate an understanding of the relevance of theservice evaluations and audits for clinical psychology in practice

This module consists of a small number of group and supervisory and problem solving meetings that aim to support students at all stages in the development of their SSRP. Initial meetings focus on the identification of a research question that is theoretically and empirically justifiable and that is sufficiently specific to allow the generation of one or more testable hypotheses. As the project develops students will be expected to work to take initiative and responsibility in moving the project forwards (to identify participants and appropriate measures, to think through the project at a procedural level, to generate data and analyse it appropriately and to understand the clinical implications of the project).

Students will work independently supported by a clinical supervisor in the field and their clinical tutor and the research team at the university.

Learning and Teaching

Teaching and learning methods.

The study time for this module is split into teaching/supervision hours and independent study. There will be two taught sessions, each lasting two hours. Sessions are organised to introduce the module, problem solve, and deal with specifics of writing up empirical research. You will have support from your clinical supervisor, clinical tutor, and the research director. Individual supervision sessions are by appointment. You will be spending the majority of your time for this module on independent study, reading and interpreting empirical and theoretical research, developing your research question and hypotheses, choosing and implementing appropriate methods, collecting, analysing and interpreting your data, and writing this work up in an academic style. The module assumes basic prior knowledge of research methods equivalent to that provided during the masters year of your doctorate.

Barker, C, Pistrang, N, & Elliott, R (2016). Research Methods in Clinical Psychology: An introduction for Students and practitioners . Wiley, Blackwell: Chichester.

Morley, S. (2018). Single-case methods in clinical psychology . Routledge.

This is how we’ll formally assess what you have learned in this module.

This is how we’ll assess you if you don’t meet the criteria to pass this module.

Repeat Information

Repeat type: Internal

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Seven graduate students honored with Doctoral Dissertation Fellowships

MINNEAPOLIS / ST. PAUL (7/18/2024) – Seven graduate students advised by Department of Chemistry faculty members were recently awarded the University of Minnesota’s Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship. The seven students honored by this prestigious award are Kaylee Barr, Brylon Denman, Madeline Honig, Chris Seong, Sneha Venkatachalapathy, Murphi Williams, and Caini Zheng.

Kaylee Barr , a Chemical Engineering and Materials Science PhD student, is entering her fifth year in the Reineke Group . Before making the move to Minnesota, she received her BS in Chemical Engineering from the University of Kansas. “I came to the University of Minnesota because of the department's developments in polymer science, and because I was interested in the intersection of polymer science and drug delivery in Theresa Reineke's lab,” she says. Here at UMN, Kaylee studies how bottlebrush polymer architecture affects pH-responsive oral drug delivery. This summer, she is excited to grow professionally and as a scientist in an intern position at Genentech.

Brylon Denman is a Chemistry PhD candidate in the Roberts Group . She joined the UMN community in 2020 after completing her BS in Biochemistry at St. Louis University. “My research in the Roberts group seeks to resolve regioselectivity and reactivity issues within aryne methodology via ligand control,” Brylon says. “To accomplish this task, I have taken a mechanistic and hypothesis driven approach to understand how key molecular parameters modify regioselectivity and reactivity. I hope to use the knowledge I have gained from these studies to both improve the synthetic utility of aryne intermediates, and improve the sustainability of aryne reactions.” Brylon is also passionate about sustainable and green chemistry. As a founding member of the Sustainable and Green Chemistry committee, Brylon strives to collaborate with other department teammates to strengthen the culture of green and sustainable chemistry through integration into teaching, research, and community engagement. “In my career I aim to continue this advocacy and use my breadth of knowledge to enact sustainable change at a major pharmaceutical company as emphasizing sustainability on such a large scale can lead to a large impact,” she says. As she works through her internship at AbbVie this summer, Brylon is looking towards the future to outline her next steps after graduation.

Madeline Honig first experienced Chemistry at UMN during a summer REU experience in the Bühlmann Lab . She formally joined the Prof. Bühlmann's team in Fall 2020 after earning her BA in Chemistry from Earlham College. Her research here at UMN  has focused on the development and improved understanding of polymeric membrane-based ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). “One of my projects involves developing a quantitative parameter to better define the upper detection limits of these sensors which can be used to more accurately define sensor performance and predict the working range under different conditions,” Madeline says. “This research led us to investigate the unexplained 'super-Nernstian' responses of some pH-selective electrodes and expand the phase boundary model (the quantitative model that predicts ISE behavior) to include the formation of complexes between protonated ionophores and counter-ions in the sensing membrane. ISEs have been widely used for decades in clinical blood analysis among many other applications so it's exciting that I was still able to add to our fundamental understanding of how these sensors function.” One of Madeline’s goals is to use her research to enable the development of improved sensors that can be used in a wider range of conditions. Over the course of her graduate studies, Madeline has had the opportunity to be a graduate student mentor for two other students: Ariki Haba, a visiting master's student from Japan, and Katie O'Leary, a summer REU student, who both made significant contributions to the project. “Acting as a graduate mentor was really cool and I hope I can also make graduate-level chemistry research more approachable for everyone that I work with,” Madeline says. For her significant research efforts, Madeline was also recently selected in a national competition as one of the four winners of the 2024 Eastern Analytical Symposium Graduate Student Research Award. She will accept the award in November in Plainsboro NJ at the Eastern Analytical Symposium.

Chris Seong , an international student from New Zealand and PhD candidate in the Roberts Group, came to UMN after completing his BA with Distinction in Chemistry at St. Olaf College in 2020. Chris’ overarching chemistry interests involve the development of methods to utilize naturally abundant carboxylic acids as feedstock to synthesize medicinally relevant products, which are traditionally made with non-renewable starting materials derived from fossil fuels. “My earlier work has been focused on making alkyl-alkyl bonds through decarboxylation, but lately, in true Roberts Group fashion, I have turned my attention to using a similar mechanism to do aryne chemistry,” Chris says. He is currently working to publish a paper on the aryne project that he has been working on with two talented group mates; Sal Kargbo and Felicia Yu. “I am really excited to share this cool chemistry with the world,” he says. Outside of the lab, Chris is working on expanding his network to apply for jobs in the pharmaceutical industry – specifically in the early process space.

Sneha Venkatachalapathy is a member of the Distefano Group and an international student from India. She completed her BS in Chemistry with a minor degree in Biotechnology from Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, India in 2020. “Chemistry has always been my passion since high school. I still remember my first successful brown ring test that has left a remarkable fascination and interest towards chemistry,” Sneha says. “This early fascination has driven my academic journey, guided by mentors like Dr. Subhabrata Sen, who encouraged me to pursue a PhD in the United States.” Sneha was drawn towards working in the Chemical Biology research field where she could directly contribute to developing human life. “Joining Dr. Mark Distefano’s lab at UMN provided me with the chance to collaborate with Dr. Mohammad Rashidian from Dana Farber Cancer Institute. Together, we work towards expanding the scope of protein prenylation to construct protein-based cancer diagnostic tools,” she says. Sneha’s goal for her time in the UMN PhD program is to create innovative protein-based tools for cancer detection and treatment, aiming to enhance patient’s quality of life. She says she is looking forward to continuing to develop her leadership skills as she continues her doctorate, and is also exploring future opportunities beyond UMN. “One thing that motivates me daily is the belief that my research contributions to the scientific community would enhance our understanding of cancer diagnostic methods, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes worldwide,” she says.

Murphi Williams  completed her undergraduate studies at the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, then joined the Bhagi-Damodaran at UMN in 2020. When it comes to research, Murphi is interested in chemical biology, more specifically, looking into proteins involved in important biological problems. “One of my major projects is developing and characterizing a potential inhibitor for  Mycobacterium tuberculosis , the bacteria that causes tuberculosis,” Murphi says. “Tuberculosis is the leading infectious disease so my projects center on understanding and inhibiting heme proteins important for the bacteria. Specifically, a previous lab member identified a small molecule that I've been characterizing the activity of in cells.” Her current research goal is to express and purify the protein targets for her small molecule inhibitor in the lab to further demonstrate the in vitro activity. She is also contemplating a future career in science communication. Outside of the lab, she enjoys working on her garden. 

Caini Zheng joined the Chemistry at the UMN in 2019 after finishing her undergraduate studies at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. She is currently a sixth-year graduate student co-advised by Profs. Tim Lodge and Ilja Siepmann . Her research focuses on the phase behavior of soft materials, including polymers and oligomers. Her DDF statement is titled "Self-Assembly of Polymers and Amphiphiles into Bicontinuous Phases". Caini is currently working on a project to elucidate the self-assembly of glycolipids through molecular dynamics simulations coupled with machine learning methods. In the future, she wants to work in the industry on bridging data science with traditional material research.

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