fl bar exam essays

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Law Research Guide: Bar Exam Preparation Resources

Accordion group.

Annual Compilation of Bar Examination Questions and Answers  in print (Treatise Collection KF 303.A52). Each year the Institute for Bar Review Study publishes the questions and official or sample answers to the essays from Alaska, Connecticut and Michigan (pre-1992 issues may have essays from other states, such as Nebraska or Pennsylvania). The law library has these issues from 1969-2011, and they may be checked out of the library for two weeks.

Florida Bar Exams  are available in Word or PDF format on the library's web page. (Network Login Required) The page includes the essay part of the exams from 1970-2009 as well as a list of topics included on the Florida bar exam. (Also available in print - Reserve Collection KFF81 .F5)

Florida Bar/Bri Bar Review  (Reserve Collection KFF81 .F556 2004) outlines the Florida portion of the course.

Florida Board of Bar Examiners Study Guide  includes essay questions from the last six bar exams with sample answers and sample multiple-choice questions with the correct answers. It is available for free in PDF format on the  Board of Bar Examiners' website  or in print format for $25 from the Board.

Hein's State Bar Examinations  reproduces the questions of all states in microfiche format (Microfiche Collection, Cabinet #12). There are two microfiche reader/printers on the second floor of the library and one microfiche reader with laser printer on the first floor.

Multi-State Flash Cards  (Reserve Collection KF303.M85 2003) (PMBR)

Multi-State Workbook  (Reserve Collection KF388.M88) (2005) (PMBR)

Sample MBE III  (Reserve Collection KF303.S253 2002) published by the National Conference of Bar Examiners, has 200 actual multiple choice questions used in the July 1998 MBE.

Unlock the MBE Critical Pass  (Reserve Collection KF303 .U65 2011).

The Zen of Passing the Bar Exam  by Chad Noreuil (Reserve Collection KF303 .N673 2011).

• Bar Prep Workbook  by Steven I. Friedland (Reserve Collection KF303. F753 2010)

The Bar Exam in a Nutshell  by Suzanne Darrow-Kleinhous (Reserve Collection KF303.D37 2009)

The Essential Rules for Bar Exam Success  by Steven I. Friedland & Jeffrey Scott Shapiro (Treatise Collection KF303 .F75 2008)

If I Don't Pass the Bar I'll Die: 73 Ways to Keep Stress and Worry from Affecting Your Performance on the Bar Exam  by Rosemay LaPuma (Reserve Collection KF303 .L3 2008)

Pass the Bar  by Denise Riebe (Reserve Collection KF303.R54 2006).

Scoring High on Bar Exam Essays  by Mary Campbell Gallagher (Reserve Collection KF303 .G35 2006).

Linda Chan,  Bar Exam Insider  (monthly bar exam advice)

Strategies and Tactics for the MBE: Multistate Bar Exam , by Kimm Walton and Steve Emanuel, published by Aspen, provides sample questions and answers, as well as advice (Reserve Collection KF303 .W345 2003).

The Bar Exam: Why Students Fail , Edna Wells Handy, 11  National Bar Association Magazine  17 (December 1997) (Requires Westlaw password to view) includes strategies for success.

You Can Pass Any Bar Exam  by Edna Wells Handy (Treatise Collection KF 303.H36 1997).

Carolyn Nygren,  Legal Learning for Bar Candidates - Bar Exam  ( Findlaw )

The  Questions & Answers  Series, published by Lexis, has multiple choice and short answer questions. Answers are also included. The law library currently has:

• Questions & Answers: Business Associations  by Douglas M. Branson (Treatise Collection KF1355.Z9 B7 2004)
• Questions & Answers: Civil Procedure  by William V. Dorsaneo III and Elizabeth G. Thornberg (Reserve Collection KF8841.Z9 D67 2007)
• Questions & Answers: Constitutional Law  by Paul E. McGreal and Linda S. Eads (D201 KF4550.Z9 M44 2007)
• Questions & Answers: Contracts  by Keith A. Rowley (Treatise Collection KF801.Z9 R69 2006)
• Questions & Answers: Criminal Law  by Emily Marcus Levine and Paul Marcus (Treatise Collection KF9219.Z9 L48 2003)
• Questions & Answers: Criminal Procedure  (police practices and prosecution) by Lewis R. Katz and Neil P. Cohen (Reserve Collection KF9619.5.Z9 K38 2009)
• Questions & Answers: Evidence  by David P. Leonard (Treatise Collection KF8935.Z9 L46 2003)
• Questions & Answers: Family Law  by Mark Strasser (Treatise Collection KF505.Z9 S77 2003)
• Questions & Answers: The First Amendment  by Russell L. Weaver and William D. Araiza (Treatise Collection KF4770.Z9 W42 2005)
• Questions & Answers: Professional Responsibility  by Patrick Emery Longan (Treatise Collection KF306.Z9 L66 2003)
• Questions & Answers: Property  by John Copeland Nagle (Treatise Collection KF570.Z9 N3454 2003)
• Questions & Answers: Secured Transactions  by Bruce A. Markell (Treatise Collection KF1050.Z9 M37 2003)
• Questions & Answers: Torts  by Anita Bernstein (Reserve Collection KF1250.Z9 B47 2004)
• Questions & Answers: Wills, Trusts & Estates  by Thomas M. Featherstone (Reserve Collection KF755.Z9 F36 2008)

The  Exam Pro Series , published by West, contains a series of true-false and multiple choice questions with answers provided to guide students toward learning a subject. The law library currently has:

• Civil Procedure  by Linda S. Mullenix (Reserve Collection KF8841 .M78 2007)
• Criminal Law  by John Burkoff (Reserve Collection KF9219.5 .B831 2010)
• Criminal Procedure  by Mary M. Cheh (Reserve Collection KF9619.5 .C44 2005)
• Evidence (Essay)  by Michael H. Graham (Treatise Collection KF8935.Z9 G692 2011)
• Evidence (Objective)  by Michael H. Graham (Reserve Collection KF8935.Z9 G69 2011)
• Professional Responsibility  by Leslie W. Abramson (Reserve Collection KF306 .A27 2010)
• Property  by Peter T. Wendel (Reserve Collection KF570.Z9 W46 2007)
• Torts  by John H. Bauman (Reserve Collection KF1250.Z9 B38 2010)
• Wills, Trusts, and Estates  by E. Gary Spitko (Reserve Collection KF753 .C356 2006)

The  Examples & Explanations  Series, published by Wolters Kluwer, each chapter has a summary of a topic, followed by examples employing that topic and explanations of how the examples would apply the law. The law library currently has:

• Agency, Partnerships, and LLCs: Examples and Explanations  by Daniel S. Kleinberger (Treatise Collection KF1345.Z9 K6 2012)
• Civil Procedure: Examples and Explanations  by Joseph W. Glannon (Reserve Collection KF8840 .G58 2013)
• Constitutional Law-Individual Rights: Examples and Explanations  by Allan Ides and Christopher N. May (Reserve Collection KF4749 .I34 2013)
• Constitutional Law-National Power and Federalism: Examples and Explanations  by Christopher N. May and Allan Ides (Reserve Collection KF4550 .M29 2013)
• Contracts: Examples and Explanations  by Brian A. Blum (Reserve Collection KF801 .B58 2013)
• Corporations: Examples and Explanations  by Alan R. Palmiter (Reserve Collection KF1414.3 .S658 2012)
• Criminal Law: Examples and Explanations  by Richard G. Singer and John Q. La Fond (Reserve Collection KF9219.85 .S56 2013)
• Criminal Procedure: The Constitution and the Police  by Robert M. Bloom and Mark S. Brodin (Reserve Collection KF9630.B578 2013)
• Criminal Procedure II: From Bail to Jaili  by Richard G. Singer (D201 KF9619.39 S56 2012)
• Evidence: Examples and Explanations  by Arthur Best (Reserve Collection KF8935.Z9 B48 2012)
• Family Law: Examples and Explanations  by Robert Oliphant and Nancy Ver Steegh (Reserve Collection KF505.Z9 O43 2013)
• Federal Courts: Examples and Explanations  by Laura E. Little (Reserve Collection KF8719 .L58 2013)
• The Glannon Guide to Civil Procedure: Learning Civil Procedure through Multiple-Choice Questions and Analysis  by Joseph W. Glannon (Reserve Collection KF8841.G59 2013)
• The Law of Torts: Examples and Explanations  by Joseph W. Glannon (Reserve Collection KF1250.Z9 G58 2010)
• Payment Systems: Examples and Explanations  by James Brook (Treatise Collection KF933 .B76 2010)
• Professional Responsibility: Examples and Explanations  by W. Bradley Wendel (Reserve Collection KF306 .W46 2014)
• Property: Examples and Explanations  by Barlow Burke and Joseph Anthony Snoe (Reserve Collection KF560 .B87 2012)
• Sales and Leases: Examples and Explanations  by James Brook (D201 KF915.Z9 B74 2012)
• Wills, Trusts, and Estates: Examples and Explanations  by Gerry W. Beyer (Reserve Collection KF755.Z9 B49 2012)

The  Black Letter  Series, published by West, includes brief summaries of the subjects and review questions and scenarios to help understand the subjects. The law library currently has:

• Basic Criminal Procedure  by Stephen A. Saltzburg, Daniel J. Capra and Angela J. Davis (Reserve Collection KF9619.3 .S25 2005)
• Civil Procedure  by Kevin M. Clermont (Reserve Collection KF8841 .C56 2004)
• Conflict of Laws  by Peter Hay (Treatise Collection KF412 .H39 2005)
• Constitutional Law  by Jerome A. Barron and C. Thomas Dienes (Reserve Collection KF4550 .B28 2003)
• Contracts  by John D. Calamari and Joseph M. Perillo (Reserve Collection KF801.Z9 C27 2004)
• Corporations  by Robert W. Hamilton and Richard A. Booth (Reserve Collection KF1414.3 .H348 2006)
• Criminal Law  by Joshua Dressler (Reserve Collection KF9219.3 .D74 2005)
• Evidence  by Kenneth S. Broun and Walker J. Blakey (Reserve Collection KF8935.Z9 B75 2001)
• Family Law  by Harry D. Krause (Reserve Collection KF505.Z9 K68 2004)
• Professional Responsibility  by Ronald D. Rotunda (Reserve Collection KF306.Z9 R67 2004)
• Property  by Roger Bernhardt and Ann M. Burkhart (Reserve Collection KF570.Z9 B46 2003)
• Torts  by Edward J. Kionka (Reserve KF1250.Z9 K527 2006)
• Wills, Trusts and Future Interests  by Lawrence H. Averill, Jr (Treatise Collection KF753.Z9 A94 2005)

For a compendium of bar exam-related web sites,  Findlaw  has pulled together many links. The Bar Exam section has recent essays for several states. Under Bar Review Courses is a list of the major bar preparation companies as well as specialty bar courses, such as courses for the patent bar. Most of the companies provide online registration and general information about their prep courses. Findlaw also has links for state bar organizations and state boards of bar examiners (in the Bar Results section).

The  National Conference of Bar Examiners  (NCBE) develops multistate tests, such as the Multistate Bar Examination, the Multistate Performance Test and others. From the NCBE site, a researcher can locate dates and general information on these tests as well as other material. For example, the Bar Exam Statistics portion of the page has over 10 years of bar pass rates for each jurisdiction, so you can find the jurisdiction with the highest percentage passing (Northern Mariana Islands in 2014) and avoid the bar with the lowest pass rate (Palau in 2014). In the Bar Admission Offices section, there are links and addresses for the Board of Bar Examiners in each state and territory.  MPRE Registration  links to the online registration site and provides other useful information about the test.

Another source of information on the bar exam is the NCBE and ABA's  Comprehensive Guide to Bar Admission Requirements . This guide provides several charts on admission requirements for each state. For instance, there are charts on application dates, tests required, admission on motion, grading, fees and more. Since the information is presented mostly in the chart format, be sure to check the state bar web sites for details. In addition to the NCBE's site, the Directory section of this publication has a list of state bar addresses and web sites.

To actually find the bar application online,  Barexam.org  has links to applications by state. The Florida Bar application (and exam application) can be  located directly here .

Subjects Tested on the Bar Exam

From the  NCBE , the Multistate Bar Examination (MBE) The MBE consists of 200 multiple-choice questions, 175 of which are scored. The 175 scored questions on the MBE are distributed as follows: Civil Procedure (25), Constitutional Law (25), Contracts (25), Criminal Law and Procedure (25), Evidence (25), Real Property (25), and Torts (25). ( More Detail )

From the  NCBE , The Multistate Essay Examination (MEE) is a series of six 30 minute essay questions covering Constitutional Law, Contracts, Criminal Law and Procedure, Evidence, Family Law, Federal Civil Procedure, Real Property, Torts, Business Associations, Conflict of Laws, Family Law, Secured Transaction, and Trusts & Estates.

From the Florida Board of Bar Examiners : The General Bar Examination consists of two parts: Part A and Part B. Part A consists of three hours spent answering essay questions and three hours of 100 multiple-choice questions. Florida Rules of Civil and Criminal Procedure and the Florida Rules of Judicial Administration 2.330, 2.420, 2.505, and 2.515 comprise one segment. The remaining five segments, each of which will embrace no more than three subjects, are selected from the following subjects, including their equitable aspects: Florida Constitutional Law, Federal Constitutional Law, Trusts, Business Entities, Real Property, Evidence, Torts, Wills & Administration of Estates, Criminal Law, Constitutional Criminal Procedure, and Juvenile Delinquency, Contracts, Articles 3 and 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, Family Law and Dependency, Chapters 4 & 5 of the Rules Regulating The Florida Bar, Professionalism. Part B is the MBE.

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Home » Bar Exam » States » Everything You Need to Know About The Florida Bar Exam (2024)

Everything You Need to Know About The Florida Bar Exam (2024)

Florida is one of the few remaining jurisdictions that has not adopted the Uniform Bar Examination (UBE®). While the Florida Bar Examination includes one component of the UBE—Multistate Bar Examination (MBE®)—the remainder of the exam tests both federal and Florida-specific law. As a result, the Florida Bar Exam is considered one of the more difficult bar exams nationwide. Fortunately, this article will prepare you with detailed information on dates, format, subjects, costs, results, and more.

Florida Bar Exam Structure

The Florida Bar Exam consists of essay and multiple choice sections testing general law and Florida law, and the MBE. The exam is broken into four 3-hour sessions administered over two days:

Florida Bar Exam Dates, Requirements, and Scheduling

Applications must be postmarked on or before November 15, 2023, for the February exam and May 1, 2024 for the July exam. There are additional fees for late applications (see table). Applications received after January 16, 2024 (February Bar) or June 17, 2024 (July Bar) will not be accepted.

To sit for the Florida Bar Exam, you must obtain a JD degree from a law school accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA) or be enrolled in such an institution that will result in the awarding of a JD degree.

To apply for the Florida State Bar Exam, create an account on their website , log in, navigate to "Applicant Portal," and continue through the registration process. You can start and stop the application process as needed, but you must complete it within 6 months of creating your account.

Florida Bar Exam Costs and Fees

The fee structure for the Florida Bar Exam has many tiers based on when you began law school or started practicing law. For a full breakdown of all applicable fees, check out the Florida Board of Bar Examiners Application Fee Worksheet .

You may choose to postpone your exam, in which case you will be subject to the following fees:

• If the board receives the applicant’s written notice of postponement under Rule 4-45 at least seven days before the commencement of the administration of the postponed examination, the fee is $100.
• If the board receives the applicant’s written notice of postponement under rule 4-45 prior to but less than seven days before the commencement of the administration of the postponed examination, the fee is $200.
• If you decide to reapply for the exam (instead of postponing), the reapplication fee is $450.

The Florida Board of Bar Examiners accepts electronic payment via ACH or eChecks , or checks made payable to the Florida Board of Bar Examiners. Credit card payments are not accepted. Applications are not considered complete without payment, and there are no refunds.

For cost-saving options, check Stetson University College of Law’s list of scholarships and outside opportunities. In addition, The Central Florida Association for Women Lawyers (CFAWL) offers an annual Bar Study Scholarship . All full- or part-time law students taking the Florida Bar Exam for the first time are eligible.

Florida Bar Exam Subjects and Topics

The FL Bar Exam tests a candidate's legal knowledge, analytical skills, and competence to practice law. It covers a range of subjects, from Constitutional Law and Contracts to Florida-specific law. Candidates will be assessed by their ability to apply legal principles and effectively solve problems to ensure they can competently represent clients and complete entry-level legal tasks.

Testable Subjects on Part A

Part A tests your knowledge of both general law and Florida law. The first segment of part A includes questions on Florida Rules of Civil and Criminal Procedure and the Florida Rules of Judicial Administration. The remaining 5 segments will include no more than 3 of the following topics:

Florida has laws that apply throughout the state (general laws) and laws limited to particular areas, persons, or things (special laws). However, certain subjects require statewide uniformity:

• Rules of evidence
• Election laws
• Punishment for crimes
• Divorce and adoption laws
• Assessment or collection of taxes for state or county purposes
• Laws regarding hunting or fresh-water fishing

Federal Constitutional Law makes up 25 of the 175 scored multiple-choice questions on the MBE and may be tested on the Florida-specific section of the Florida Bar Exam.

When analyzing essay questions about Trusts, ask yourself the following questions: Was a valid trust created? Were other types of trusts created? What are the Trustee’s fiduciary duties? Can a beneficiary access the income of their interest? Can creditors reach the trust? (why or why not?), and What ethical considerations might there be regarding the trust instrument? Additionally, review:

• types of trusts and the duties of a trustee
• duty of care
• duty of loyalty
• duty to allocate property to principal and income

The standard forms of Business Entities are sole proprietorships, partnerships, corporations, and S corporations. Limited Liability Companies (LLCs) are allowed by state statute. Each state has unique laws regulating Business Entities. For example, Florida has no state income tax for LLCs, but you cannot form a series LLC in Florida.

Visualizing the multiple contingencies, remainders, or grantees of conveyances with diagrams will make understanding their relationships easier. The old legalese might be intimidating for some, but familiarity will make analysis easter. Topics within Real Property include titles, mortgages/security devices, real estate contracts, real property, and right in real property.

Read up on Federal Record Code and how it relates to and differs from Florida’s.

States determine who receives your property if you die without a will (intestate). These laws vary from state to state. The same variance is true for the Administration of Estates. For example, Florida has no estate tax, but individuals are still subject to the federal estate tax.

Criminal Law is an arm of Constitutional Law and governs policies by which authorities investigate, prosecute, and adjudicate crimes. Remember that violating the US Constitution is a federal crime and overrules Florida state laws. However, state laws involve traffic violations, contract breaches, robbery, burglary, theft, arson, etc.

Important subjects for review include:

• Forming contracts
• Performance
• Breach and discharge
• Defenses to enforceability
• Contract and content meaning
• Third-party rights

The Florida Supreme Court has stated that Florida family courts should be able to resolve family disputes in the most effective and efficient way possible. Family court jurisdiction in Florida involves many case types, including child support, dissolution of marriage, and annulment. Review the Florida Supreme Court decisions that have been instrumental in shaping family courts in the state.

The Supreme Court of Florida establishes the rules regulating The Florida Bar. Chapter 4 of the Rules Regulating the Florida Bar covers professional conduct, and Chapter 5 covers the regulation of trust accounts.

According to The Florida Bar Professionalism Handbook , “professionalism is the pursuit and practice of the highest ideals and tenets of the legal profession.” Tenants include character, competence, civility, and commitment.

Part B consists of the MBE subjects and topics include Civil Procedure, Constitutional Law, Contracts, Criminal Law and Procedure, Evidence, Real Property, and Torts.

UWorld MBE Sample Questions

Quality speaks for itself. Try some of our free MBE sample questions below.

Select a Question sample.

• Competitors

A husband and wife were married in State A and lived there for 10 years before separating. One month later, the wife permanently moved to State B and immediately filed for divorce in a federal court in State B. The wife claims that she is entitled to $300,000 in alimony. The husband appeared in the action and has filed a motion to dismiss for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction.

Should the court grant the motion?

• No, because the court has diversity jurisdiction over the case.
• No, because the husband waived a subject-matter jurisdiction challenge by appearing in the case.
• Yes, because state courts have exclusive jurisdiction over this type of action.
• Yes, because the wife did not establish a domicile in State B.

Explanation:

A federal court must possess subject-matter jurisdiction to hear the merits of a case before it. Subject-matter jurisdiction can be established through either:

• federal-question jurisdiction – when a claim arises under the U.S. Constitution, a treaty, or federal law (not seen here) or
• diversity jurisdiction – when the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000 and the opposing parties are citizens of different states.

Here, diversity jurisdiction is established since the wife claims that she is entitled to $300,000 and the parties are citizens of different states (States A and B). However, federal courts cannot exercise diversity jurisdiction over cases involving probate matters or domestic relations . Instead, state courts have exclusive jurisdiction over these types of actions (Choice A) .* Therefore, the husband's motion to dismiss should be granted.

(Choice B) A challenge to subject-matter jurisdiction is never waived . However, a challenge to personal jurisdiction is waived if the defendant has voluntarily appeared in the case, unless it was a special appearance for the express purpose of objecting to personal jurisdiction.

(Choice D) An individual is a citizen of the state where he/she is domiciled—ie, physically present with the intent to remain indefinitely. Since the wife permanently moved to State B, she has established her domicile there.

Educational objective: Federal courts cannot exercise diversity jurisdiction over cases involving probate matters or domestic relations. Instead, state courts have exclusive jurisdiction over these types of cases.

Bluebook Citations :

• Ankenbrandt v. Richards, 504 U.S. 689, 703–04 (1992) (explaining the domestic-relations exception to diversity jurisdiction).

A congressional committee investigated the pharmaceutical industry and found that the high cost of prescription drugs purchased and sold in the United States negatively impacted the nation's economy and the health of its citizens. In response, Congress passed a statute that regulates "the retail prices of every purchase or sale of prescription drugs in the United States."

A group of pharmaceutical companies challenged the constitutionality of this statute in federal court.

What is the strongest argument in support of the constitutionality of this statute?

• Congress may enact statutes for the general welfare.
• Congress may regulate the prices of all domestic purchases and sales of goods.
• The Constitution grants Congress the power to regulate the interstate transportation of prescription drugs.
• The purchases and sales of prescription drugs in the United States substantially impact interstate commerce in the aggregate.

The commerce clause gives Congress broad power to regulate interstate and foreign commerce . This includes:

• the channels of interstate and foreign commerce (eg, roadways)
• the instrumentalities of interstate and foreign commerce (eg, vehicles)
• persons and things moving in interstate or foreign commerce (eg, goods and services) and
• in-state activities that, singly or in the aggregate, substantially impact interstate or foreign commerce.

Since Congress's commerce power is broad, federal statutes are constitutional if there is any rational basis for concluding that the regulated activity substantially affects interstate or foreign commerce. This can be shown through express congressional findings.

Here, the federal statute regulates the retail prices of prescription drugs in the United States. Congress has the authority to regulate such products' interstate transportation, but this statute also regulates in-state purchases and sales (Choice C) . Since the congressional committee found that the high cost of prescription drugs negatively impacted the nation's economy, it is rational to conclude that their aggregated in-state purchases and sales substantially impact interstate commerce. Therefore, this is the strongest argument to support this statute.

(Choice A) The taxing and spending clause empowers Congress to tax and spend for the general welfare. But regulating prices is not equivalent to taxing or spending.

(Choice B) Congress cannot regulate the prices of every domestic purchase and sale of goods since it cannot regulate purely in-state sales that do not substantially affect interstate commerce.

Educational objective: The commerce clause empowers Congress to regulate (1) channels and instrumentalities of, (2) persons and things moving in, and (3) in-state activities that—singly or in the aggregate—substantially affect interstate or foreign commerce.

• Gonzales v. Raich, 545 U.S. 1, 17 (2005) (explaining Congress's broad authority under the commerce clause).

The owner of a new office building contracted with a well-known landscaper to design and install landscaping around the building for $30,000. The agreement was memorialized in writing, was signed by both parties, and called for a budget of $5,000 for trees, shrubs, sod, and materials. The contract required the landscaper to complete the work within six months. Due to an unexpected increase in the price of trees and shrubs, the landscaper abandoned the project and never completed any of the work.

Three years after the landscaper's deadline, the building owner sued the landscaper for breach of contract. In the jurisdiction, the statute of limitations for breach of a services contract is two years after the breach, and the statute of limitations for breach of a sale-of-goods contract is four years.

Can the owner recover damages from the landscaper?

• No, because the contract is divisible with respect to the services and goods, and the landscaper's breach is therefore subject to the two-year statute of limitations.
• No, because the contract primarily calls for services, and the landscaper's breach is therefore subject to the two-year statute of limitations.
• Yes, because the landscaper's breach was a result of an increase in the price of goods, and his breach is therefore subject to the four-year statute of limitations.
• Yes, because the landscaper's breach was willful, and he is therefore estopped from denying that his breach is subject to the four-year statute of limitations.

Contracts for the sale of goods are governed by Article 2 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) , while contracts for services are governed by common law . However, some contracts involve the sale of goods and the rendering of services. To determine which law applies to a "mixed" or "hybrid" contract, courts ask whether its predominant purpose was the sale of goods or the rendering of services. The following factors are relevant to this determination:

• The contract's language
• The nature of the supplier's business (ie, whether it typically provides goods or services)
• The relative value of the goods and services
• The nature of the final product (ie, whether it can be described as a good or service)

Here, the building owner contracted to buy goods (eg, trees, shrubs, sod) and services (ie, designing and installing the landscaping). The owner likely hired the well-known landscaper due to his skill in performing landscaping services, and the $5,000 budget for goods was just one-sixth of the $30,000 contract price. Therefore, the contract primarily calls for services and is subject to the jurisdiction's two-year statute of limitations. And since the owner sued three years after the breach, the owner cannot recover damages from the landscaper.

(Choice A) The predominant-purpose test is unnecessary when a contract is divisible—ie, when the payment for goods can easily be separated from the payment for services. But here, the contract is likely indivisible since it combined the sale of the trees, shrubs, and sod with their installation.

(Choices C & D) The predominant-purpose test focuses on the parties' reason for entering the contract—not for breaching it. Therefore, it is irrelevant that the landscaper's breach was (1) a result of an increase in the price of goods or (2) willful.

Educational objective : Sale-of-goods contracts are governed by the UCC, while services contracts are governed by common law. When a contract calls for the sale of goods AND the rendering of services, the contract's primary purpose determines whether the UCC or common law applies.

• Bonebrake v. Cox, 499 F.2d 951, 960 (8th Cir. 1974) (applying the predominant-purpose test to determine which statute of limitations applies to a mixed contract for goods and services).
• Princess Cruises, Inc. v. Gen. Elec. Co., 143 F.3d 828, 833 (4th Cir. 1998) (listing factors that courts consider when applying the predominant-purpose test).

A man and a woman dated for several weeks. During that time, the man repeatedly asked the woman to have sex. Each time, the woman responded that she would not have sex with the man unless they were married. One evening, the man promised the woman that they would elope the following weekend if she would agree to have sex. The woman agreed and the couple had sex. The following weekend, the man told the woman that he had no intention of eloping and only made that promise to get the woman's consent. The woman reported the man to the police, who later arrested and charged the man with rape.

Is the man guilty of rape?

• No, because fraud in factum did not negate the woman's consent.
• No, because fraud in the inducement did not negate the woman's consent.
• Yes, because the woman's consent was obtained by fraud in factum.
• Yes, because the woman's consent was obtained by fraud in the inducement.

In most modern jurisdictions, rape is defined as sexual intercourse with another without that person's consent.* This means that rape did not occur if the victim consented to sexual intercourse. However, a victim's consent may be ineffective if it was obtained by fraud . There are two types of fraud:

• Fraud in factum – when consent is obtained by fraud regarding the nature of the act itself, leaving the victim unaware that he/she consented to sexual intercourse and negating the victim's consent
• Fraud in the inducement – when consent is obtained by fraud regarding what the victim knows is an act of sexual intercourse, which does not negate the victim's consent

As a result, consent obtained by fraud in factum is not a valid defense to rape, but consent obtained by fraud in the inducement is a valid defense.

Here, the man falsely promised the woman that they would elope if she agreed to have sex with him. Since the woman knew that the act to which she consented was sexual intercourse, her consent was obtained by fraud in the inducement (Choices A & C) . This type of fraud did not negate the woman's consent, so the man is not guilty of rape (Choice D) .

Educational objective: Fraud in factum occurs when the fraud pertains to the nature of the act itself and negates a rape victim's consent. In contrast, fraud in the inducement occurs when fraud is used to gain consent to what the victim knows is an act of sexual intercourse and does not negate the victim's consent.

A plaintiff sued a defendant for negligence to recover damages that the plaintiff suffered as a result of a crash between the two parties. At trial, the plaintiff's attorney called the plaintiff's wife to testify as to what she witnessed on the day of the crash. On cross-examination of the wife, the defendant's lawyer elicited several responses that tended to show that the plaintiff's actions constituted contributory negligence. The plaintiff's attorney seeks to ask the wife several questions on redirect examination, but the defendant's attorney objected.

What is the strongest argument that the court must allow redirect examination of the wife?

• The plaintiff's attorney failed to provide all significant information on direct examination.
• The plaintiff's attorney seeks to reiterate the necessary elements of the claim.
• The plaintiff's attorney seeks to reply to all matters raised on cross-examination.
• The plaintiff's attorney seeks to reply to significant new matters raised on cross-examination.

Federal Rule of Evidence 611 gives trial courts the authority to exercise reasonable control over the mode and order of examining witnesses at trial. This includes the discretion to determine whether—and to what extent—redirect examination of witnesses should be permitted. But when a party raises a significant new matter while cross-examining a witness, the court must allow the opposing party to address that matter through redirect examination .

Therefore, the strongest argument for allowing redirect examination of the plaintiff's wife is that the plaintiff's attorney seeks to reply to significant new matters that were raised on cross-examination.

(Choice A) A party is expected to elicit all significant information during direct examination of a witness. Therefore, a court need not permit redirect examination to allow the party to provide information inadvertently omitted on direct examination.

(Choices B & C) Redirect examination is generally limited to significant new matters raised on cross-examination. Therefore, a party is not entitled to redirect examination to (1) reiterate information like the necessary elements of the claim or (2) reply to all matters addressed in cross-examination.

Educational objective: When a party raises a significant new matter on cross-examination of a witness, the court must allow redirect examination by the opposing party to address that matter.

• Fed. R. Evid. 611 (explaining the mode and order of examining witnesses).

Twenty years ago, a man who owned a 20-acre ranch agreed to sell all of his mineral rights to his neighbor. The man executed a warranty deed conveying the mineral estate to the neighbor, who failed to record the deed.

The following year, a woman moved her mobile home onto an undeveloped five-acre portion of the man's ranch. After the woman had lived on the property for 10 years, a local drilling company began operations on a nearby tract to drill a natural gas well. Believing that the woman owned the property, the drilling company approached the woman about leasing the mineral rights on her property and requested that the woman sign a lease of her mineral rights. The woman signed the lease as requested, and it was promptly and properly recorded. The drilling operations were successful, and the drilling company prepared to distribute profits from royalties. However, a dispute arose between the neighbor and the woman, as both parties claim ownership of the minerals.

The period of time to acquire title by adverse possession in the jurisdiction is 10 years.

In an action to determine title, is the court likely to award title to the mineral estate to the woman?

• No, because the woman actually possessed only the surface estate that had previously been severed from the mineral estate.
• No, because the woman did not actually possess the mineral estate until she signed the lease of the mineral rights.
• Yes, because the neighbor failed to record the warranty deed conveying the mineral estate.
• Yes, because the woman adversely possessed both the surface estate and the mineral estate for the statutory period.

An adverse possessor can acquire title to land owned by another if his/her possession of the land is:

• O pen and notorious – apparent or visible to a reasonable owner
• C ontinuous – uninterrupted for the statutory period
• E xclusive – not shared with the owner
• A ctual – physical presence on the land and
• N onpermissive – hostile and adverse to the owner.

If the surface and mineral estates are owned by the same party , then the adverse possessor will acquire title to both estates —even if only one estate is actually possessed. But if the mineral estate has been severed from the surface estate (ie, the surface and mineral estates are owned by different parties ), then the adverse possessor will only acquire title to the estate that is actually possessed . The mineral estate is actually possessed when the adverse possessor mines or drills wells on the land.

Here, the neighbor purchased the mineral estate from the man, thereby severing the mineral estate from the surface estate. And since the woman merely lived on the property for the 10-year statutory period—she did not attempt to mine or drill a well on the mineral estate—she actually possessed only the surface estate during that time (Choice D) . This means that the woman did not adversely possess the mineral estate, and the court is not likely to award her title to that estate.

(Choice B) Adverse possession of a mineral estate requires the commencement of drilling or mining operations. Merely signing a lease of the mineral rights is not enough.

(Choice C) A deed need not be recorded to be valid, so the neighbor's failure to record has no impact on whether the woman adversely possessed the mineral estate.

Educational objective: If a mineral estate has previously been severed from the surface estate (ie, surface and minerals owned by different persons), then an adverse possessor can only acquire title to the mineral estate by actually possessing the minerals (eg, by mining or drilling wells).

A teenager was riding a bicycle when she saw a classmate walking toward her. The teenager rode quickly toward the classmate, knowing that he would think she would run into him on her current trajectory. The teenager was not purposefully trying to harm or touch him. The classmate saw the teenager riding toward him and yelled at her to stop. The teenager swerved at the last moment and avoided hitting him. The classmate had a panic attack because he thought that the teenager would hit him.

Is the classmate likely to succeed if he sues the teenager for assault?

• No, because the teenager did not make contact with the classmate.
• No, because the teenager did not purposefully try to harm or touch the classmate.
• Yes, because the teenager acted with the requisite intent.
• Yes, because the teenager's conduct was extreme and outrageous.

Assault occurs when (1) a defendant  intends  to cause the plaintiff to  anticipate an imminent, and harmful or offensive, contact  with the plaintiff's person and (2) the defendant's affirmative conduct causes the plaintiff to anticipate such contact. The intent requirement is met when the defendant acts with either:

• purpose  – the  desire  to cause anticipation of an imminent harmful or offensive contact  or
• knowledge  – the  substantial certainty  that the plaintiff will suffer such anticipation.

Here, the teenager rode her bicycle directly at her classmate, causing him to think that she would hit him (anticipation of imminent contact). And since the teenager knew with  substantial certainty  that the classmate would think she would run into him, she acted with the requisite intent. As a result, the classmate is likely to succeed in a suit against the teenager for assault.

(Choice A) Assault merely requires that the plaintiff be placed in  anticipation  of imminent contact. Actual bodily contact is not required. Therefore, the fact that the teenager did not make contact with the classmate is irrelevant.

(Choice B) The intent to make contact with the plaintiff is a requirement for  battery , but assault merely requires the intent to cause the plaintiff to  anticipate  imminent contact. Therefore, the fact that the teenager did not purposefully try to harm or touch the classmate does not absolve her of liability for assault.

(Choice D) Extreme and outrageous conduct (i.e., conduct that is unacceptable in civilized society) is an element of intentional infliction of emotional distress —not assault, which only requires intentional conduct.

Educational objective: For assault, intent exists when a defendant acts with the purpose (desire) or knowledge (substantial certainty) that his/her conduct will cause the plaintiff to anticipate an imminent, and harmful or offensive, contact.

• Restatement (Third) of Torts: Intentional Torts to Persons § 105 (Am. L. Inst., Tentative Draft No. 1, 2015) (providing the elements for assault).

Take a look at a typical competitor sample question below. Their practice questions might parody the exam, but ours consistently meet or exceed exam-level difficulty. Their limited explanations address the right answer choice but do not go the extra mile to explain the wrong choices – so you don’t make the same mistakes on exam day.

A mother gave her land to her two kids, a son, and a daughter, as joint tenants. The son built two adjoining homes on the land. He lived in one house and rented the other. The daughter lived out of the country and never visited the land. The daughter needed money, so she sold her interest in the land to her ex-boyfriend. Her ex-boyfriend immediately hired a developer to build a third home on the land. Soon after the daughter had sold her interest in the land, she was killed in a motorcycle accident. The ex-boyfriend is now asking the court for a judicial partition of the land. The son contends that upon his sister's death, he was now the sole owner of the land.

How should the court rule?

• For the ex-boyfriend, because he plans to live on the land.
• For the ex-boyfriend, because he paid for the son’s interest in the land.
• For the son, because he has the right of survivorship.
• For the son, because he has the sole position of the land.

Correct answer: B

Florida MPRE Requirements

The Multistate Professional Responsibility Examination (MPRE®) is a 2-hour, 60-multiple-choice question exam that assesses an examinee's knowledge of the American Bar Association's (ABA) Model Rules of Professional Conduct. Candidates must pass the MPRE before being admitted to the Florida Bar and can register through the NCBE.

Florida MPRE Minimum Passing Score

The Florida MPRE exam's minimum score is 80 on a scale from 50 to 150. Nationwide, MPRE minimum scores range from 75-86, putting Florida neatly in the middle. Eligibility for taking the MPRE is relatively flexible in Florida. For example, you can take the MPRE before you graduate from law school and before or after you pass the bar exam. However, you must pass the MPRE within 25 months of passing the Florida Bar Exam. 

Like the bar exam, performance on the MPRE is measured on a scaled score. The National Conference of Bar Examiners (NBCE®) does not publicize the calculations it uses to convert raw scores into scaled scores. However, we estimate that passing the Florida Bar Exam with a scaled score of 80 equates to a raw score of approximately 58%, or about 29 correct answers of the 50 that are graded.

Florida Bar Exam Scoring, Results and Pass Rates

The Florida Bar exam requires an average scaled score of 136 to pass. The final average scaled score is the sum of 50% of the MBE and 50% of the Florida essay/multiple choice exam. Therefore, a high score on one section of the exam can compensate for an unsavory score on the other.

Scaled scores are not to be confused with raw scores. For example, the essay portion of the exam is worth 300 points (100 points per essay), and the 100-question multiple choice section is worth 90 (10 questions are not graded). So, the highest raw score a person can get on the Florida Bar exam is 390 points.

So why scaled scores? You'll notice a difference if you have to retake the exam in February because you failed in July. It would be pretty easy to cheat if exam versions were identical. However, this creates an issue of fairness. What if February's exam is slightly more challenging than July's? Thus, exam administrators employ a statistical method called equating to remedy such disparities. Equating transforms raw scores into scaled scores by awarding bonuses to tougher exams and penalizing those that are easier.

Scaled scoring makes it difficult to predict exactly how many points you need to pass an exam, and the Florida Board of Bar Examiners doesn’t release its calculations. However, from past exams we estimate the examinees will need a raw score in the range of 260-280 to achieve an average scaled score of 136. Because there is no way of knowing the difficulty level of your exam, it’s best to aim for a minimum raw score of 280 on the Florida Bar Exam.

Florida Bar Exam Results

Florida Bar Exam Results are released in mid-April for the February exam and mid-September for the July exam. The Supreme Court of Florida posts pass/fail results to the Supreme Court of Florida website for 30 days, starting at noon after the morning they are released. For anonymity, results are attached to an examinee's applicant file number.

Once the Supreme Court has released the results, examinees can view them on their online portal page. Applicants without a portal account will receive pass/fail results by mail. You cannot request results over the phone, and the Florida Supreme Court does not release individual score rankings.

Florida Bar Exam Pass Rates

Note that in Florida, some examinees take only part A or part B. The data on total applicants below represents examinees who took both.

Here are the annual pass rates for the Florida Bar Exam since 2016, divided into first-time examinees and repeaters:

What Makes the Florida Bar Exam Unique?

For example, Torts is tested on the MBE (Part B) and may show up on Part A. When answering a question on Part A, if Florida law varies from general law (MBE Torts), you should answer the question according to Florida law.

The Florida Supreme Court expanded the number of testable subjects in 2013. While most of the expanded testable subjects remain today, in 2020, the Court removed two subjects: Delinquency and Dependency. Even with these subjects removed, the volume of testable subjects on the Florida Bar Exam remains one of the highest in the country.

Foreigners may take the Florida Bar if they: 

• Have an LLM from an ABA-accredited law school that meets the board’s criteria and have practiced in a US jurisdiction for 2 years OR demonstrate that you have been practicing law for at least 5 years in a US jurisdiction and are in good standing in that jurisdiction
• Provide evidence in the form of work-product samples that illustrate legal training and academic expertise.
• Have a “reputation for professional competence” that is “above reproach”. 

Contact Details of Florida State Bar

The Florida State Bar is open from 8 am - 5:30 pm, Monday through Friday. See the table below for useful contact information.

Florida Bar Exam FAQs

How much does it cost to retake the florida bar exam, how many times can i take the florida bar exam, can i transfer my florida bar exam mbe score to another jurisdiction, what if you are not transferring an mbe score but want to take the florida bar exam for the first time, does florida offer reciprocity with other jurisdictions, how hard is the florida bar exam, what are the florida bar exam application deadlines and fees.

Individuals filing a bar exam application in Florida for the first time must pay a fee of $1,000. Those who filed an application as a Law student registrant pay $600 ( see details ).

How long is the Bar Exam in Florida?

Can anyone take the bar exam in florida, how long does it take to study for the florida bar exam, can i transfer my mbe score to florida, how often is the florida bar exam offered, how do i become a licensed attorney in florida, can you practice law without a law degree in florida, how to request special accommodations for the florida bar exam.

Florida Bar of Examiners. Florida Board of Bar Examiners, https://www.floridabarexam.org/

The Supreme Court of Florida. Florida Bar Exam Results Comparisons, https://www.floridasupremecourt.org/Bar-Scores/Florida-Bar-Exam-Results-Comparisons/ .

Florida Exam Dates and Locations Reference: Florida Board of Examiners

Florida Bar Exam Essay Study Guides

Essay guides with the rules you need to know to pass your Florida Bar Exam.

Designed to Help You Succeed on Your Florida Bar Exam

Master the rules you need to know for the essay portion of the Florida Bar Exam.

Our essay study guides contain a wealth of information to help you pass the essay portion of the Florida Bar Exam. The goal of our study guides is not to provide you with a full outline of everything that could possibly be tested. Instead, we chose to focus on the rules you need to know to take the essay portion of the Florida Bar Exam.

Our subject matter experts have gone through more than 15 years’ worth of Florida Bar Exam essays and curated the most tested issues on each subject. We have then listed the rules you need to know for this subject in an easy-to-read format. 

Every essay guide is fully annotatable online by you so you can make notes in the document and use a highlighter.

Samples of each guide can be found in the product listing in your store for the essay guide.

Each essay study guide contains the following parts:

• Introduction
• How to Use the Study Guide
• Frequency of Testing Information
• Essay Rule Templates

Essay study guides are currently available for the following subjects:

• Federal Constitutional Law
• Florida Constitutional Law
• Florida Contracts
• Florida Criminal Law
• Florida Family Law
• Florida Real Property
• Florida Professional Conduct and Professionalism
• Florida Commercial Paper/Negotiable Instruments
• Florida Secured Transactions
• Florida Torts
• Florida Trusts

Florida Bar Exam details

A typical florida bar exam is a 2-day exam.

Florida Bar Exam information is subject to change without notice. Please verify with the Florida Board of Bar Examiners .

Please also reference the  NCBE Covid-19 updates page  for NCBE updates and individual jurisdiction announcements.

Bar exam details

• Three essay questions (AM)
• 100 multiple-choice questions (PM)
• Multistate Bar Exam (MBE), a 200-question, multiple-choice exam (100 questions in the AM, 100 questions in the PM)

Subjects tested

• Constitutional Law
• Contracts/Sales
• Criminal Law/Procedure
• Federal Civil Procedure
• Real Property

Florida Essay Subjects

Equitable aspects of all subjects tested

• Articles 3 & 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code
• Business Entities
• Chapters 4 & 5 of the Rules Regulating the Florida Bar
• Criminal Law
• Constitutional Criminal Procedure
• Federal Constitutional Law
• Florida Constitutional Law
• Florida Rules of Civil Procedure
• Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure
• Florida Rules of Judicial Administration
• Professionalism
• Wills & Administration of Estates.
• A scaled score of 80 is required. MPRE scores are accepted only if the MPRE and the general bar exam are taken within 25 months of each other.

Click here to learn more about the MPRE .

MBE and Florida essay/multiple-choice scores are each weighted 50% in order to determine if applicant has achieved a passing score. An average scaled score of 136 will be required.

If applicant only takes one part of the exam, then a score of 136 or higher must be achieved on that part.

Reciprocity

Acceptance of mbe score.

Applicants may transfer an MBE scaled score of at least 136 achieved in another jurisdiction if taken within 25 months prior to the next scheduled exam.

Admission on Motion

Florida does not provide for admission on motion. Examination is required of all applicants.

BARBRI Bar Exam Digest

We compile all of the information that you need to know about the dates, format, subjects tested, deadlines, fees and more - for each U.S. state - in the free BARBRI Bar Exam Digest.

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Florida Bar Exam Information

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• Palau Bar Review
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Get Detailed Information About The Florida Bar Exam Including Schedules, Grading, Reciprocity, Fees, Common Questions & More.

Unlike most states, Florida does not use the UBE. However, it still uses the Multistate Bar Exam (MBE), which is the same as in other states. The essay portion of the bar exam is completely Florida-specific, and there is also a state-specific three-hour multiple-choice exam as well.

FL Specific Component

The Florida-specific component consists of three hours spent answering essay questions and three hours of 100 multiple-choice questions.

Multistate Bar Exam (MBE)

The MBE, which is administered on Wednesday, is developed and graded by the National Conference of Bar Examiners (NCBE).

This portion of the examination is an objective 6-hour examination containing 200 multiple-choice questions, which is divided into two 3-hour sessions during which 100 questions are administered.

The MBE tests 7 subjects: Civil Procedure, Constitutional Law, Contracts, Criminal Law & Procedure, Evidence, Real Property, and Torts.

2023 Filing Deadlines & Fees

When is the fl bar exam in 2023 & 2024.

Feb 21-22, 2023

Timely Filing: Nov 15, 2022

Late Filinng: Dec 15, 2022

Final Filing: Jan 15, 2023

Jul 25-26, 2023

Timely Filing: May 1, 2023

Late Filinng: Jun 1, 2023

Final Filing: Jun 15, 2023

Feb 27-28, 2024

Timely Filing: Nov 15, 2023

Late Filinng: Dec 15, 2023

Final Filing: Jan 15, 2024

Jul 30-31, 2024

Timely Filing: May 1, 2024

Late Filinng: Jun 1, 2024

Final Filing: Jun 15, 2024

How Much Does the FL Bar Exam Cost?

What is the FL Bar Exam Schedule Like?

The Florida bar exam is a two-day exam administered twice a year, with the MBE given on the last Wednesday of February and July.

What Subjects Are Tested On The FL Bar Exam?

Mbe subjects.

• Civil Procedure
• Constitutional Law
• Criminal Law & Procedure
• Real Property

Florida Subjects

• Business Entities
• Family Law & Dependency
• Florida Rules of Civil & Criminal Procedure
• Florida Rules of Judicial Administration
• Professional Responsibility
• UCC Articles 3 & 9
• Wills & Administration of Estates

FL Bar Exam Grading & Scoring Process

An average scaled score of 136 out of a scale of 2000 is required, based on the combined scaled scores of the MBE portion and the written portion.

• Florida Essays/Multiple-Choice: 50%

Required MPRE Score: 80

Results for the February exam are released in mid-April. Results for the July exam are released in mid-September.

FL Bar Exam Reciprocity

Mbe transfer.

Florida does not accept MBE scores from other jurisdictions.

Admission on Motion

Florida does not allow for admission on motion. All persons must take and pass the Florida Bar Exam.

How do I Contact the FL Bar?

Florida Board of Law Examiners

Tippen-Moore Building

1891 Eider Court

Tallahassee, FL 32399-1750

https://www.floridabarexam.org/

Phone: 850-487-1292

Fax: 850-414-6822

BarMax MBE Course Structure & Features

Comprehensive & concise.

BarMax MBE includes all MBE topics subdivided into 7-8 subtopics to make the study material easier to absorb.

Superior Content

Each subtopics include an in-depth outline, an audio lecture from a Harvard-educated law professor, and when appropriate, numerous flashcards and multiple-choice MBE questions from previous exams. You will also receive the outines in printed hardcopy format.

Instant Access

When you enroll in BarMax MBE your study materials are available instantly so you can start immediately and study at your pace. Plus, there are no additional fees to access the full course after the exam.

Included with BarMax MBE

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Features Designed to Raise Your Score

• Jacksonville University
• Swisher Library
• College of Law

Bar Exam Information

• Florida Bar Exam
• State Filing Requirements
• Bar Prep Classes

Test Specifications, Florida-Prepared Portion of the General Bar Examination

• Business Entities
• Chapters 4 & 5 of the Rules Regulating The Florida Bar
• Criminal Law and Constitutional Criminal Procedure
• Federal Constitutional Law
• Florida Constitutional Law
• Florida Rules of Civil Procedure
• Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure
• Florida Rules of Judicial Administration
• Professionalism
• Real Property
• Uniform Commercial Code, Articles 3 and 9
• Wills and Administration of Estates

Florida Bar

The Florida Bar Exam is a two-day exam administered by the Florida Board of Bar Examiners.

Day one of the exam consists of the Florida essays and Florida multiple choice. The essay session is made up of three essay questions to be answered in a three-hour block. The multiple choice section is three hours long and consists of 100 Florida-specific multiple choice questions.

Day two of the exam consists of the MBE, two hundred multiple choice questions administered over two three-hour blocks.

In addition, a student seeking admission to the Florida Bar must take and pass the MPRE as well as pass the Board's character and fitness review.

Past Florida Exams

The Florida Bar Examination Study Guide is updated with the essay questions from the last examination twice annually. The sample multiple-choice questions included in the guide are updated periodically.  

Florida Board of Bar Examiners - Study Guides

First and Second Year

Register as a First or Second Year Student

File the Student Registration by the earliest deadline under  rule 2-23.1(a)  to qualify for the lowest fee; students filing for the first time in the second year of law school must pay the full registration fee of $400. Special Note: Student Registration provides both the Certified LegaI Internship (CLI) clearance requirement, and preliminary processing for admission to The Florida Bar.

2-23.1 Student Registrant Fee . Except as provided below, every law student filing a Registrant Bar Application with the board must file with the completed Registrant Bar Application the fee of $400. For any law student who files a Registrant Bar Application by the deadlines established, discounted early registration fees are available as follows:

a. $100. For those students who commence the study of law in:

• August or September and who file a Registrant Bar Application by the following January 15;
• January or February and who file a Registrant Bar Application by the following June 15;
• May or June and who file a Registrant Bar Application by the following October 15.

b. $350.  For those students who commence the study of law in:

• August or September and who file a Registrant Bar Application by the following March 15;
• January or February and who file a Registrant Bar Application by the following August 15; or
• May or June and who file a Registrant Bar Application by the following December 15.
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• Last Updated: Apr 3, 2024 1:33 PM

California finalizes deal to give its own bar exam

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California finalizes deal to give its own bar exam

The State Bar of California has finalized a $8.25 million deal with test prep company Kaplan Exam Services to produce the state’s bar exam for the next five years, the attorney licensing body said on Tuesday.

Beginning in February, California will no longer use any test components developed by the National Conference of Bar Examiners and it will not give the NCBE's new version of the national bar exam set to debut in July 2026.

California is the nation’s second-largest bar exam jurisdiction behind only New York. Some 11,320 aspiring attorneys took California's bar exam in 2023.

Developing its own test will allow California to give its bar exam remotely or in test centers, instead of in large convention centers across the state—a change the state bar said is expected to save as much as $3.8 million annually. The national conference requires its tests to be administered in person.

Those savings will help the state bar’s attorney admissions arm—which is projected to overspend its revenues by nearly $4 million this year—remain solvent.

Steve Marietti, Kaplan’s chief commercial officer, said the company is “honored” to help California produce “qualified and practice-ready lawyers.”

A national conference spokesperson said on Wednesday that the organization has not seen the new agreement but will "continue to support" California's broader admissions activities including administering the Multistate Professional Responsibility Examination, which is a two-hour test on attorney ethics and professional conduct.

California unveiled the plan to create its own test in May with Kaplan set to produce only the multiple-choice portion of the test, akin to the NCBE's Multistate Bar Exam. That proposal was put on hold after national conference officials raised copyright concerns with any Kaplan-produced test.

But the state bar’s trustees signed off on an expanded proposal in July after state bar staff said they had addressed any copyright issues. The final agreement calls for Kaplan to write the essay and performance test portions of the exam in addition to the multiple-choice questions.

Thus far, 23 jurisidictions have said they will use the NCBE's NextGen bar exam, including Florida and Illinois.

The deal includes a cost-sharing provision for any litigation expenses incurred in potential copyright infringement cases, with the state bar’s cost capped at $6.75 million over the life of the contract, the state bar said.

The upcoming California exam will not “substantially modify” preparation for the exam and will be similar to the current test, the state bar added. Kaplan will no longer provide bar exam prep services in California as part of the agreement but will provide faculty and student study guides that the state bar will distribute for free.

“This historic agreement allows us to provide applicants with exam options that they prefer and also helps us close a significant deficit in the State Bar Admissions Fund,” said State Bar Board of Trustees Chair Brandon Stallings.

California forges ahead with plan to give its own bar exam in 2025

Copyright questions derailed Calif. plan to develop its own bar exam

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FL Essay Score Range

Does anyone have any input into the average/safe range for essays scores? Ex/ 60% aim for 60 points out of 100 points per essay. ThNk you! Just looking for a safe range while self-grading. Blessings, Florida!

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Fact Checking Trump’s Mar-a-Lago News Conference

The former president took questions from reporters for more than hour. We examined his claims, attacks and policy positions.

By The New York Times

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Former President Donald J. Trump held an hourlong news conference with reporters on Thursday at his Mar-a-Lago club in Florida, during which he attacked Vice President Kamala Harris, his general election opponent, criticized the Biden administration’s policies and boasted of the crowd size at his rallies. We took a closer look at many of his claims.

Trump claims his Jan. 6 rally crowd rivaled the 1963 March on Washington. Estimates say otherwise.

“If you look at Martin Luther King, when he did his speech, his great speech. And you look at ours, same real estate, same everything, same number of people. If not, we had more.” — Former President Donald J. Trump

This lacks evidence.

Mr. Trump was talking about the crowds gathered for his speech on Jan. 6, 2021, and for the “I Have a Dream” speech the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered during the March on Washington in 1963. While it is difficult to gauge exact crowd sizes, estimates counter Mr. Trump’s claim that the numbers gathered were comparable. Dr. King’s speech drew an estimated 250,000 people . The House Select Committee responsible for investigating the events of Jan. 6 estimated that Mr. Trump’s speech drew 53,000 people.

“She wants to take away your guns.”

— Former President Donald J. Trump

Ms. Harris, in 2019, said she supports a gun buyback program for assault weapons, not all guns. Her campaign told The New York Times recently that she no longer supports a buyback program.

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Peter Baker

“They take the strategic national reserves. They’re virtually empty now. We have never had it this low.”

This is exaggerated..

President Biden has indeed tapped the Strategic Petroleum Reserve to try to mitigate gasoline price increases , drawing it down by about 40 percent from when he took office, and it is currently at the lowest level since the 1980s. But it still has 375 million barrels in it now , which is not “virtually empty” nor is it at the lowest level ever.

“The vast majority of the country does support me.”

Mr. Trump never won a majority of the popular vote in either of the elections he ran in and never had the approval of a majority of Americans in a single day of Gallup polling during his presidency. An average of polls by FiveThirtyEight.com shows that he is viewed favorably by just 43 percent of Americans today and has the same level of support in a matchup against Vice President Kamala Harris.

Alan Rappeport

“They’re going to destroy Social Security.”

President Biden and Vice President Kamala Harris have pledged not to make any cuts to America’s social safety net programs. Mr. Trump suggested this year that he was open to scaling back the programs when he said there was “a lot you can do in terms of entitlements in terms of cutting.” He later walked back those comments and pledged to protect the programs. But if changes to the programs are not made, the programs’ benefits will automatically be reduced eventually. Government reports released earlier this year projected that the Social Security and disability insurance programs, if combined, would not have enough money to pay all of their obligations in 2035. Medicare will be unable to pay all its hospital bills starting in 2036.

Coral Davenport

“Everybody is going to be forced to buy an electric car.”

While the Biden administration has enacted regulations designed to ensure that the majority of new passenger cars and light trucks sold in the United States are all-electric or hybrids by 2032, the rules do not require consumers to buy electric vehicles.

“Our tax cuts, which are the biggest in history.”

The $1.5 trillion tax cut, enacted in December 2017, ranks below at least half a dozen others by several metrics. The 1981 tax cut enacted under President Ronald Reagan is the largest as a percentage of the economy and by its reduction to federal revenue. The 2012 cut enacted under President Barack Obama amounted to the largest cut in inflation-adjusted dollars: $321 billion a year.

“They’re drilling now because they had to go back because gasoline was going up to seven, eight, nine dollars a barrel. The day after the election, if they won, you’re going to have fuel prices go through the roof.”

The price of gasoline reached a low of $1.98 per gallon in April 2020, when Mr. Trump was president, chiefly as a result of the drop in driving in the first months of the Covid pandemic. It rose to a peak of $5 per gallon in June 2022, but has since steadily dropped to $3.60 per gallon in July 2024. The United States has steadily increased its oil production over the last decade, becoming the world’s largest producer of oil in 2018, a status it still holds today .

“If you go back and check your records for 18 months, I had a talk with Abdul. Abdul was the leader of the Taliban still is, but had a strong talk with him. For 18 months. Not one American soldier was shot at or killed, but not even shot at 18 months.”

Mr. Trump spoke with a leader of the Taliban in March 2020. In the 18 months that followed, from April 2020 to October 2021, 13 soldiers died in hostile action in Afghanistan.

“Democrats are really the radical ones on this, because they’re allowed to do abortion on the eighth and ninth month, and even after birth.”

No state has passed a law allowing for the execution of a baby after it is born, which is infanticide. Moreover, abortions later in pregnancy are very rare: In 2021, less than 1 percent of abortions happened after 21 weeks’ gestation, according to a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report based on data from state and other health agencies. More than 90 percent of abortions happened within 13 weeks of gestation.