difference between application letters and cover letter

What is the Difference Between Cover Letter and Application Letter?

Keith Mckissick

Updated on: 30. May 2023

When applying for a job, it is important to have a strong and professional application package that highlights your qualifications and experience. Two important components of this package are the cover letter and the application letter. While these terms are sometimes used interchangeably, they are actually two different documents with distinct purposes. In this blog post, we will explore the differences between a cover letter and an application letter, and provide tips for crafting each document effectively.

A cover letter is a document that accompanies your resume and provides a brief introduction to your qualifications and experience. It is typically one page in length and is designed to capture the reader’s attention and encourage them to review your resume. A cover letter should be tailored to the specific job you are applying for and should highlight your most relevant skills and experiences. It should also demonstrate your interest in the position and the company.

An application letter, on the other hand, is a more comprehensive document that provides detailed information about your qualifications and experience. It is often used in situations where a resume is not required, such as when applying for a position in academia or government. An application letter should provide a clear and concise summary of your qualifications, including your educational background, relevant work experience, and any other skills or accomplishments that make you a strong candidate for the position. It should also include information about your references and any other supporting documents that you may be submitting.

While both cover letters and application letters serve the purpose of introducing yourself to a potential employer, they differ in their scope and content. Understanding the differences between these two documents is important in order to create an effective job application package that stands out to potential employers. In the following sections, we will explore the specific differences between cover letters and application letters and provide tips for crafting each document effectively.

Table of Contents

What is a Cover Letter?

A cover letter is a one-page document that accompanies a job applicant’s resume. Its purpose is to introduce the applicant to the prospective employer, explain why the applicant is interested in the position and company, and highlight relevant qualifications and experience.

The cover letter should be tailored to the specific job and company to which the applicant is applying. It should also be addressed to a specific person, if possible, rather than simply using a generic salutation such as “To Whom It May Concern.”

In addition to highlighting the applicant’s qualifications, the cover letter can also showcase the applicant’s personality and writing skills. It should be well-written, concise, and error-free. Overall, the cover letter is an important tool for job seekers to make a positive first impression with potential employers.

What is an Application Letter?

Application letters are used by job seekers to apply for a specific job opening. They are also known as a cover letter, letter of application, or job application letter. The main purpose of an application letter is to convince the employer to invite the applicant for an interview .

An application letter should provide a brief summary of the applicant’s skills, qualifications, and experience related to the job opening. It should also include information about why the applicant is interested in the position and how their skills and experience make them the ideal candidate for the job.

The letter should be tailored to the specific job opening and company, highlighting how the applicant’s skills and experience match the requirements of the job. It should also be well-written, free of errors, and easy to read.

In addition to providing a summary of the applicant’s qualifications, an application letter should also express the applicant’s enthusiasm for the job and desire to work for the company. This can help the applicant stand out from other candidates and increase their chances of being invited for an interview.

What Are the Similarities Between Cover Letter and Application Letter?

Cover letters and application letters share a few commonalities, as they are both used to communicate a candidate’s interest in a job opening. First and foremost, both letters serve as a means of introduction and an opportunity for the applicant to highlight their qualifications and experience relevant to the position. Secondly, both letters should be tailored to the specific job posting and company to which the applicant is applying.

When writing either a cover letter or an application letter, it is crucial to research the company and the position thoroughly to determine the skills and qualifications that the employer is seeking. The applicant should highlight these skills and qualifications, using examples from their previous work experiences to demonstrate how they meet the employer’s needs.

Both letters should also be addressed to the appropriate person or department, and the applicant should make every effort to convey their enthusiasm for the position and the company. Additionally, both letters should be concise, well-written, and error-free.

Despite these similarities, there are distinct differences between cover letters and application letters that candidates should be aware of. Cover letters tend to be more focused on the applicant’s personal qualities and how they align with the company’s culture, while application letters are typically more straightforward and centered around the applicant’s qualifications and experience.

In general, a cover letter is usually submitted along with a resume, whereas an application letter is often used as a stand-alone document when applying for a position. Finally, cover letters may be requested or optional, while application letters are typically required as part of the job application process.

Understanding these differences is essential for job seekers who want to make a strong first impression and stand out from other applicants. By tailoring their letters to the specific job and company and highlighting their relevant skills and experience, candidates can increase their chances of being invited for an interview and ultimately landing the job.

What Are the Differences Between Cover Letter and Application Letter?

A cover letter and an application letter are both used to apply for a job, but there are some key differences between the two. A cover letter is usually submitted along with a resume and provides additional information about the candidate’s skills and experience that are relevant to the job. An application letter, on the other hand, is typically more formal and serves as the applicant’s introduction to the employer.

One of the main differences between a cover letter and an application letter is their purpose. While a cover letter is meant to complement the resume by highlighting the candidate’s relevant skills and experience, an application letter is typically used to formally apply for a job. It is often the first document that an employer sees from a job applicant, and it is important to make a good first impression.

Another difference between the two is the level of detail they provide about the candidate’s qualifications. A cover letter usually focuses on a few key skills or experiences that make the candidate a good fit for the job, while an application letter provides a more comprehensive overview of the applicant’s background and qualifications.

In terms of structure, cover letters and application letters can also differ. A cover letter typically follows a specific format, including a greeting, introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. An application letter may follow a similar format, but it may also include additional information, such as the applicant’s reasons for wanting the job or specific achievements that demonstrate their qualifications.

Overall, while both cover letters and application letters are important components of the job application process, they serve different purposes and require different approaches. Understanding these differences can help job seekers craft effective documents that showcase their qualifications and make a strong impression on potential employers.

Conclusion: Cover Letter Vs. Application Letter

In conclusion, while both cover letters and application letters are used in the job search process, they have significant differences. A cover letter is typically submitted alongside a resume and provides additional information about the candidate’s qualifications and interest in the position. It also serves as a way to showcase the candidate’s writing and communication skills. On the other hand, an application letter is used to formally apply for a specific job opening and typically includes detailed information about the candidate’s work experience and qualifications.

It’s important to understand the differences between cover letters and application letters and to use them appropriately in your job search. Submitting a well-crafted cover letter can help you stand out from other applicants and increase your chances of getting an interview. Similarly, submitting a strong application letter that highlights your relevant experience and qualifications can help you make a good impression on the hiring manager.

In addition to understanding the differences between these two types of letters, it’s also important to tailor each letter to the specific job you’re applying for. This can include referencing specific job requirements and using language that aligns with the company’s values and mission.

Overall, knowing when and how to use a cover letter versus an application letter can be key to landing your dream job. By understanding the differences and taking the time to craft well-written letters that showcase your skills and qualifications, you can increase your chances of success in the job search process.

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Application Letter Vs. Cover Letter

There are subtle differences between application letters and cover letters. However, the terms cover and application are sometimes used interchangeably. An application letter is often intended to stand on its own, whereas a cover letter generally can't be the applicant's only document submitted to express interest in a job opening.

Cover Letter Versus Application Letter Introductions

Cover letters typically contain a brief introduction. The introduction in a cover letter consists of three to four sentences about the job seeker's work experiences, education, accomplishments and the type of organizations he feels are best suited for his qualifications. On the other hand, an application letter might contain a more extensive introduction simply because this letter serves a purpose that's similar to the resume.

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Dear (Hiring Executive),

Please accept my enclosed application for the position of executive assistant to your Vice President of Operations. I'm pleased to say that my qualifications match your job requirements perfectly. In my current role with Genex Engineering, I handle all of the same duties and much more as executive assistant to the president and CEO for the past four years. My experience, education (bachelor's degree), strong communication skills and ability to manage complex tasks and solve problems makes me an ideal candidate for your position.

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Cover letter analysis, how to get a mechanical engineering technician certificate, strengths & weaknesses of the curriculum vitae format, how to write a resume while you are currently working, education requirements for a mechanical engineer, cover letter versus application letter work history.

An application letter generally contains a brief description of the job seeker's work history or professional experience. An application letter often can substitute for a resume and, therefore, requires that the job seeker include specific information about her work history and professional competencies. A cover letter shouldn't contain too much information about the job seeker's work history because it's merely an introduction to the resume. It's acceptable for a cover letter to reference the job seeker's work history in a sentence or two about her current or previous employer; however, it shouldn't contain details about any professional experience.

Example of Cover Letter Work History:

Prior to working at Genex Engineering, I was executive secretary to the COO at Boomer Industrial Hose Inc. and started my career as a receptionist/ secretary for the Sales Manager at Geny Oil Corp. 10 years ago in Texas.

No need to add more to your work history in a cover letter as it is thoroughly covered in the accompanying resume.

Example of Application Letter Work History:

At Genex Engineering, I handle all of the duties required of your position and much more as executive assistant to the president and CEO for the past four years. In addition to providing secretarial and administrative support to the president, I train other secretaries to support other high-level executives and regularly speak at conventions and manage trade shows. My responsibilities also include creating presentations and proposals, arranging travel for all the executives, generating reports and taking responsibility for confidential company documents. I spearheaded modifications in IT that generated increased profitability for Genex and implemented a variety of upgrades in our accounting procedures dramatically cutting costs in that department.

After describing your duties in your present position, you would then briefly describe your duties in your two previous junior-intermediate level jobs at Boomer and Geny Oil.

Cover Letter Versus Application Letter Content

A cover letter is a teaser. Its intent is to capture the reader's attention enough to make the recruiter or hiring manager want to review the resume. The cover letter should contain just enough information that it doesn't give away everything about the applicant. An application letter, on the other hand, is a more comprehensive document. It describes the applicant's educational background, certifications and licenses, and in some cases, salary history for job postings that require it.

When to Use an Application Letter

When an employer specifically requires a cover letter and resume, that's what the job seeker should submit. It's relatively rare that an employer will accept an application letter in lieu of a cover letter and resume. The two approaches are different and employers use application letters infrequently when compared to how they use cover letters and resumes. An application letter is more appropriate for unsolicited interest, or when there isn't a job posting. For example, an application letter could be mailed to several employers that aren't advertising specific jobs vacancies as a way to provide a more extensive introduction to prospective employers.

Uses of Cover Letters and Application Letters

A cover letter is almost always used to express interest in employment. An application letter can be used for employment purposes; however, it can also be used for applying for a place in an academic program or an internship program. Employers don't always require a cover letter, but it's always a good idea to use a cover letter. On the other hand, an application letter might be the only requirement sought by schools or employers – with an application letter, it may not always be necessary to include a resume.

Ruth Mayhew has been writing since the mid-1980s, and she has been an HR subject matter expert since 1995. Her work appears in "The Multi-Generational Workforce in the Health Care Industry," and she has been cited in numerous publications, including journals and textbooks that focus on human resources management practices. She holds a Master of Arts in sociology from the University of Missouri-Kansas City. Ruth resides in the nation's capital, Washington, D.C.

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General | 11 sep 2023.

In the competitive job market of today, job seekers are constantly on the lookout for ways to stand out and make a positive impression on prospective employers. Two essential tools in the job hunting arsenal are the application letter and the cover letter. While these terms are often used interchangeably, they serve distinct purposes in the hiring process. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the key differences between application letters and cover letters, and provide step-by-step instructions on how to create both effectively.

What is an Application Letter?

An application letter, also known as a job application letter or a letter of application, is a formal document submitted by a job seeker to express their interest in a specific job vacancy. The primary purpose of an application letter is to introduce the applicant and their qualifications to the potential employer. Unlike a resume or CV, which provides a comprehensive overview of one's professional history, an application letter is tailored to a particular job opening.

Also read How to Create a Comprehensive Resume

How to Create an Application Letter

1. research the job opening.

Before you begin crafting your application letter, it's crucial to thoroughly research the job opening. This includes understanding the job requirements, responsibilities, and the company's culture. The more you know about the position, the better you can align your qualifications and skills with the employer's needs.

2. Format and Structure

An application letter should follow a standard business letter format. Here's a basic structure to follow:

Heading: Include your contact information (name, address, phone number, and email) at the top, followed by the date.

Recipient's Information: Below the date, include the recipient's name, title, company name, and address. If you can't find this information in the job posting, address the letter to the hiring manager.

Salutation: Start your letter with a professional salutation, such as "Dear Mr. Smith" or "Dear Hiring Manager."

Introduction: Begin with a strong opening paragraph that mentions the specific job you're applying for and how you learned about it. Express your enthusiasm for the position.

Body Paragraph(s): Use one or more paragraphs to highlight your qualifications, skills, and relevant experiences. Be specific and provide examples of how your background aligns with the job requirements.

Closing Paragraph: Summarize your interest in the position and express your desire for an interview. Mention that you have attached your resume for reference.

Closing : Use a formal closing such as "Sincerely" or "Yours faithfully," followed by your signature and typed name.

3. Tailor Your Letter

Each application letter should be customized for the specific job you're applying for. Highlight the qualifications and experiences that make you an ideal candidate for that particular position. Avoid using a generic, one-size-fits-all letter.

4. Showcase Your Skills

Use the application letter to showcase your skills and experiences that are most relevant to the job. Highlight achievements, projects, or experiences that demonstrate your capability to excel in the role.

Also read  7 Interview Tips to Impress Hiring Manager

5. Proofread and Edit

Before sending your application letter, carefully proofread it for grammar, spelling, and formatting errors. A well-written, error-free letter demonstrates professionalism and attention to detail.

6. Enclose Required Documents

If the job posting specifies additional documents, such as transcripts, certifications, or writing samples, make sure to include them along with your application letter.

When to Use an Application Letter

Application letters are typically used when:

A job vacancy is advertised.

The employer specifically requests an application letter.

You want to provide a more personalized introduction to your resume.

Effective Application Letter Example:

[Your Name]

[Your Address]

[City, State ZIP Code]

[Your Email Address]

[Your Phone Number]

[Today's Date]

[Recipient's Name]

[Recipient's Title]

[Company Name]

[Company Address]

Dear [Recipient's Name],

I am writing to apply for the [Position Name] at [Company Name], as advertised on [Where You Found the Job Posting]. With my strong background in [Relevant Skill/Experience], I am excited about the opportunity to contribute my expertise to your team.

In my current role at [Current Company], I have consistently demonstrated my proficiency in [Relevant Skill]. For instance, [Provide an Example of an Achievement or Project Relevant to the Position]. These experiences have honed my abilities and prepared me for the challenges and responsibilities of the [Position Name] role at [Company Name].

What sets [Company Name] apart for me is its reputation for [Company Attribute or Project]. I am deeply impressed by the impact your organization has made in [Industry or Field], and I am eager to be part of such an innovative and forward-thinking team.

Please find my resume attached, which offers a more comprehensive overview of my qualifications. I am enthusiastic about the opportunity to discuss how my skills can contribute to the continued success of [Company Name].

I can be reached at [Your Email Address] or [Your Phone Number]. Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the possibility of becoming a part of the [Company Name] family and working toward achieving its goals.

What is a Cover Letter?

A cover letter, sometimes referred to as a covering letter, is a document that accompanies your resume when applying for a job. Unlike an application letter, which is typically focused on a specific job vacancy, a cover letter is more general and can be used for various job applications. The primary purpose of a cover letter is to introduce yourself, highlight your qualifications, and explain why you are an excellent fit for the company as a whole.

How to Create a Cover Letter

1. research the company.

Before you start writing your cover letter, research the company you're applying to. Understand its values, mission, culture, and recent achievements. This knowledge will help you tailor your cover letter to align with the company's goals and values.

A well-structured cover letter should include the following elements:

Heading : Similar to an application letter, include your contact information and the date at the top.

Recipient's Information : Address the letter to the hiring manager or the appropriate person if their name is mentioned in the job posting. If not, use a generic salutation like "Dear Hiring Manager."

Introduction : Begin with a strong opening that mentions the position you're interested in and how you found out about it. Express your enthusiasm for the company and explain why you're a good fit.

Body Paragraphs : Use one or more paragraphs to showcase your qualifications, skills, and experiences. Emphasize your contributions and achievements in previous roles. Highlight how your skills align with the company's needs.

Closing Paragraph: Summarize your interest in the company and reiterate your enthusiasm for the position. Express your desire for an interview to further discuss your qualifications.

Closing : Use a professional closing, such as "Sincerely" or "Best regards," followed by your signature and typed name.

3. Personalize Your Cover Letter

While a cover letter can be more general than an application letter, it should still be personalized for the specific company and position. Tailor your content to match the company's values and show how you can contribute to its success.

4. Highlight Transferable Skills

In a cover letter, focus on transferable skills that are applicable across various roles and industries. Explain how your diverse skill set makes you adaptable and a valuable asset to the company.

5. Match Your Resume

Your cover letter should complement your resume, not duplicate it. Use the cover letter to provide context for your resume and highlight specific achievements or experiences that are relevant to the job.

6. Proofread and Edit

Just like with an application letter, proofread and edit your cover letter carefully to ensure it is error-free and well-written. Attention to detail is crucial.

When to Use a Cover Letter

Cover letters are typically used when:

You are applying for a job without a specific job posting.

The job application process requires a cover letter.

You want to express your interest in a company and its culture, beyond a specific job opening.

Apply to urgently hiring jobs here!

Effective cover letter example.

I am writing to express my strong interest in the [Position Name] position at [Company Name], as advertised on [Where You Found the Job Posting]. With a proven track record in [Relevant Skill/Experience], I am confident that my qualifications align perfectly with the requirements of this role.

In my previous role at [Previous Company], I [Briefly Describe an Achievement or Responsibility Relevant to the Position]. This experience allowed me to hone my [Relevant Skill] skills and contribute to the growth and success of my team. I am eager to bring this expertise to [Company Name] to contribute to its continued excellence.

One of the aspects of [Company Name] that particularly excites me is [Specific Company Attribute or Project]. Your commitment to [Company's Values or Mission] aligns perfectly with my own professional values, making [Company Name] a natural fit for my career goals.

Enclosed is my resume, which provides further details about my qualifications. I would welcome the opportunity to discuss how my skills and experiences can benefit [Company Name] in greater detail. Please find my contact information below:

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the possibility of joining the team at [Company Name] and contributing to your ongoing success.

In conclusion, application letters and cover letters serve distinct purposes in the job application process. An application letter is tailored to a specific job vacancy and focuses on your qualifications for that role, while a cover letter is more general and introduces you to the company as a whole. Both letters, however, are essential tools for showcasing your skills and enthusiasm to prospective employers.

To succeed in your job search, it's crucial to create both types of letters effectively. Research the job opening or company thoroughly, follow the appropriate format and structure, and customize the content to match the employer's needs. Additionally, always proofread and edit your letters to ensure they make a positive impression. Application letter example and cover letter example illustrate how to structure both a cover letter and an application letter effectively, emphasizing the importance of tailoring the content to the specific job and company while showcasing your qualifications and enthusiasm.

By understanding the differences between application letters and cover letters and mastering the art of creating them, you can increase your chances of landing your dream job in today's competitive job market.

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Difference Between Cover Letter and Application Letter

• Career Advice

• Posted On: 2024-08-20
• Posted By: Shacara

What is a Cover Letter?

Key characteristics of a cover letter:.

• Personalized and tailored: A cover letter should be customized for each job application, addressing the specific company and role you are applying for.
• Concise and focused: Typically, a cover letter is one page long and focuses on the most relevant qualifications and experiences.
• Expresses enthusiasm: A cover letter conveys your passion for the role and the company, explaining why you are a good fit.
• Addresses the employer: A cover letter usually starts with a formal greeting, ideally addressing the hiring manager by name.

What is an Application Letter?

Key characteristics of an application letter:.

• Formal tone: An application letter tends to be more formal and structured than a cover letter.
• Detailed introduction: It includes a more comprehensive introduction, outlining your qualifications and reasons for applying.
• Standalone document: Unlike a cover letter, which accompanies a resume, an application letter can be a standalone document.
• Focuses on the request: The main goal of an application letter is to formally request consideration for a job opening.

Structural Differences: Cover Letter vs. Application Letter

Structure of a cover letter, structure of an application letter, when to use a cover letter vs. an application letter.

• Cover Letter: Use a cover letter when you’re submitting a resume or CV as part of a job application. It is commonly required in most job applications, especially when applying through job boards, company websites, or recruitment agencies. A cover letter provides a personalized introduction and a chance to highlight specific qualifications that match the job description.
• Application Letter: An application letter is often used when applying directly to a company, especially in cases where no formal job posting exists. It may also be used when applying for jobs that require a more formal introduction, such as government positions, academic roles, or international jobs. An application letter is more comprehensive and can stand alone without a resume, although attaching a resume is always recommended.

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Are Cover Letter and Application Letter the Same?

While cover and application letters are usually used in the same contexts, every job seeker has to know the significant differences between these two documents.

Nowadays, application and cover letters are sent via email, so, it’s also important to familiarize oneself with the writing trends and standards of online documents.

So, What’s the Difference?

The main difference between applications and cover letters are:

• Application documents are considered to contain in-depth information about candidate skills and qualities while cover letters are merely used for submitting the documents.
• Cover letters carry out simpler functions and only define your professional capacity as a sender, a recipient, and the purpose of the letter. Application letters perform three main functions: to draw the attention of the potential recruiter, to reflect you as the perfect fit for the position, and to secure the interview.
• Application letters highlight qualifications, skills, strengths, and previous jobs to which this information should relate to the job applied. Done properly, it will showcase you as a good fit for the position. A cover letter can omit specific details, though it must include contact information and motivate why you’re applying for the position and why you’re good for it.
• Cover letters are shorter as they don’t include detailed information. Applicant documents shouldn’t exceed one page. In terms of improving career opportunities, wherever possible your letter should consist of three paragraphs in which you introduce yourself and your objective in the first paragraph. You should present your strengths in the second paragraph and propose an interview in the third paragraph.
• Cover letters aren’t considered the decisive element of an application package. Application letters usually accompany resumes in most cases, as they can offer more about your professional candidacy. Or you can always check some of the best companies that will help you with writing your cover letter on Linkedin .

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